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Ghosh A, Banik S, Suzuki Y, Mibe Y, Rikimura S, Komamoto T, Kuromi K, Yamada K, Sato H, Onoue S. Lysophosphatidylcholine-based liposome to improve oral absorption and nephroprotective effects of astaxanthin. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:2981-2988. [PMID: 36350072 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was aimed to develop astaxanthin (AX)-loaded liposomes by the utilization of soybean phosphatidylcholine (PC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to improve the nutraceutical properties of AX. AX-loaded liposomes consisting of PC (PC/AX) and LPC (LPC/AX) were evaluated in terms of particle size distribution, morphology, release characteristics, pharmacokinetic behavior, and nephroprotective effects in a rat model of acute kidney injury. RESULTS PC/AX and LPC/AX had uniform size distributions with a mean particle size of 254 and 148 nm, respectively. Under pH 6.8 conditions, both liposomes exhibited improved dissolution behavior of AX compared with crystalline AX (cAX). In particular, LPC/AX showed a sevenfold higher release of AX than PC/AX. After the oral administration of LPC/AX (33.2 mg AX kg-1 ) to rats, there was a significant increase in systemic exposure to AX, as evidenced by a 15-fold higher AUC0-24 h than PC/AX. However, the oral absorption of AX in the cAX group was negligible. Based on the results of histological analysis and measurement of plasma biomarkers, LPC/AX exhibited improved nephroprotective effects of AX in the rat model of kidney injury. CONCLUSION From these observations, a strategic application of the LPC-based liposomal approach might be a promising option to improve the nutraceutical properties of AX. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antara Ghosh
- Laboratory of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sujan Banik
- Laboratory of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yui Suzuki
- Laboratory of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kohei Yamada
- Laboratory of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sato
- Laboratory of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satomi Onoue
- Laboratory of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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Extracellular Vesicles, as Drug-Delivery Vehicles, Improve the Biological Activities of Astaxanthin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020473. [PMID: 36830031 PMCID: PMC9952194 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AST) exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities but poor stability and biological efficacy, which limit its application in the food and medical industries. In the present study, a new strategy was proposed to enhance the biological activities of AST using fetal bovine serum-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). Saponin-assisted incubation was used to load AST owing to its high encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity. AST-incorporated EVs (EV-ASTs) maintained their original EV morphology and showed high stability at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C over a 28-day period, which was attributed to the protective environment provided by the phospholipid bilayer membrane of the EVs. Additionally, the EV-ASTs exhibited excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in HaCaT keratinocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, respectively; these were significantly higher than those of free AST. Furthermore, the mechanism associated with the enhanced biological activities of EV-ASTs was evaluated by analyzing the expression of genes involved in antioxidation and anti-inflammation, in parallel with cellular in vitro assays. These results provide insights into methods for improving the performance of hydrophobic drugs using nature-derived EVs and will contribute to the development of novel drug-delivery systems.
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Wang T, Zhang L, Chen L, Li X. Preparation of Oxidized Starch/β-Lactoglobulin Complex Particles Using Microfluidic Chip for the Stabilization of Astaxanthin Emulsion. Foods 2022; 11:3078. [PMID: 36230154 PMCID: PMC9563734 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we designed an oxidized starch/β-lactoglobulin (OS/β-lg) complex colloidal particle using a dual-channel microfluidic chip for the stabilization of astaxanthin emulsion. The effect of the mixing ratio, pH, and the degree of substitution (DS) of the oxidized starch on the formation of OS/β-lg complex particles was investigated in detail. The optimal complexation occurred at a pH of 3.6, a mixing ratio of 2:10, and a DS of 0.72%, giving an ideal colloidal particle with near-neutral wettability. With this optimum agent, the astaxanthin-loaded oil-in-water emulsions were successfully prepared. The obtained emulsions showed the typical non-Newton fluid behavior, and the rheological data met the Herschel-Bulkley model. The microscopic images confirmed the dense adsorption of the particle on the oil/water interface. In vitro release and stability studies demonstrated this compact layer contributed to the controlled-release and excellent stability of astaxanthin emulsions facing heat, ultraviolet, and oxidative intervention. This work suggests the potential of microfluidics for the production of food-grade solid emulsifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaoxi Li
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch and Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Chen Y, Su W, Tie S, Zhang L, Tan M. Advances of astaxanthin-based delivery systems for precision nutrition. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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In Vitro Release of Anthocyanins from Microencapsulated Natal Plum (Carissa macrocarpa) Phenolic Extract in Alginate/Psyllium Mucilage Beads. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172550. [PMID: 36076736 PMCID: PMC9455463 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natal plum (Carissa macrocarpa) contains anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-O-β-sambubioside (Cy-3-Sa), and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy-3-G) that possess great bioactive properties. During in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, Cy-3-Sa and Cy-3-G are highly sensitive to pH changes and have low bioaccessibility rates of 7.9% and 22%, respectively. This study aimed to therefore use microencapsulation techniques to improve the bioaccessibility of Cy-3-Sa and Cy-3-G. The crude anthocyanin-rich extract was extracted from freeze-dried Natal plum fruit using ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction. The anthocyanin-rich extract was encapsulated using the ionic gelation method. Four distinct carrier agents, namely sodium alginate, pectin, xanthan gum and psyllium mucilage were used to form the wall materials. Encapsulation efficiency was highest for alginate/psyllium mucilage beads (93.67%), while alginate showed the least efficiency (86.80%). Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed a cracked and porous structure for the Natal plum extract and a continuous smooth structure for all the beads. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed peaks at 3300 and 1610 cm−1, confirming the presence of polyphenols and polysaccharides in all beads. Thermal stability was higher for the alginate/psyllium mucilage beads and the observed thermal transitions were due to the bonds formed between the polymers and the polyphenols. Alginate beads combined with xanthan gum, pectin, and psyllium mucilage showed a prolonged release of anthocyanins compared to alginate in vitro alone. The highest anthocyanin bioaccessibility was obtained from alginate/psyllium mucilage beads (85.42 ± 1.03%). The results showed the effectiveness of alginate/psyllium mucilage beads in improving stability and in vitro anthocyanin release.
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Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Anticancer Activity Evaluation of Broccoli-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Coated Astaxanthin Nanoparticles. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123955. [PMID: 35745077 PMCID: PMC9230617 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AST) is a type of ketone carotenoid having significant antioxidation and anticancer abilities. However, its application is limited due to its low stability and bioavailability. In our study, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-encapsulated AST (AST@PLGA) nanoparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method and then further processed by ultrasound with broccoli-derived extracellular vesicles (BEVs), thereby evolving as BEV-coated AST@PLGA nanoparticles (AST@PLGA@BEVs). The preparation process and methods were optimized by three factors and three levels of response surface method to increase drug loading (DL). After optimization, the DL was increased to 6.824%, and the size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of AST@PLGA@BEVs reached 191.60 ± 2.23 nm, 0.166, and -15.85 ± 0.92 mV, respectively. Moreover, AST@PLGA@BEVs exhibited more notable anticancer activity than AST in vitro. Collectively, these results indicate that the method of loading AST in broccoli-derived EVs is feasible and has important significance for the further development and utilization of AST as a functional food.
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Smaoui S, Barkallah M, Ben Hlima H, Fendri I, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Michaud P, Abdelkafi S. Microalgae Xanthophylls: From Biosynthesis Pathway and Production Techniques to Encapsulation Development. Foods 2021; 10:2835. [PMID: 34829118 PMCID: PMC8623138 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 20 years, xanthophylls from microalgae have gained increased scientific and industrial interests. This review highlights the essential issues that concern this class of high value compounds. Firstly, their chemical diversity as the producer microorganisms was detailed. Then, the use of conventional and innovative extraction techniques was discussed. Upgraded knowledge on the biosynthetic pathway of the main xanthophylls produced by photosynthetic microorganisms was reviewed in depth, providing new insightful ideas, clarifying the function of these active biomolecules. In addition, the recent advances in encapsulation techniques of astaxanthin and fucoxanthin, such as spray and freeze drying, gelation, emulsification and coacervation were updated. Providing information about these topics and their applications and advances could be a help to students and young researchers who are interested in chemical and metabolic engineering, chemistry and natural products communities to approach the complex thematic of xanthophylls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slim Smaoui
- Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour Km 6 B.P. 117, Sfax 3018, Tunisia;
| | - Mohamed Barkallah
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.B.); (H.B.H.)
| | - Hajer Ben Hlima
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.B.); (H.B.H.)
| | - Imen Fendri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale Appliquée à l’Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia;
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil;
| | - Philippe Michaud
- Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.B.); (H.B.H.)
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Yang J, Zhou Q, Huang Z, Gu Z, Cheng L, Qiu L, Hong Y. Mechanisms of in vitro controlled release of astaxanthin from starch-based double emulsion carriers. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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9
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Fathordoobady F, Jarzębski M, Pratap-Singh A, Guo Y, Abd-Manap Y. Encapsulation of betacyanins from the peel of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus L.) in alginate microbeads. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Santonocito D, Raciti G, Campisi A, Sposito G, Panico A, Siciliano EA, Sarpietro MG, Damiani E, Puglia C. Astaxanthin-Loaded Stealth Lipid Nanoparticles (AST-SSLN) as Potential Carriers for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Formulation Development and Optimization. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:391. [PMID: 33546352 PMCID: PMC7913486 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with marked oxidative stress at the level of the brain. Recent studies indicate that increasing the antioxidant capacity could represent a very promising therapeutic strategy for AD treatment. Astaxanthin (AST), a powerful natural antioxidant, could be a good candidate for AD treatment, although its use in clinical practice is compromised by its high instability. In order to overcome this limit, our attention focused on the development of innovative AST-loaded stealth lipid nanoparticles (AST-SSLNs) able to improve AST bioavailability in the brain. AST-SSLNs prepared by solvent-diffusion technique showed technological parameters suitable for parenteral administration (<200 nm). Formulated nanosystems were characterized by calorimetric studies, while their toxicological profile was evaluated by the MTT assay on the stem cell line OECs (Olfactory Ensheathing Cells). Furthemore, the protective effect of the nanocarriers was assessed by a long-term stability study and a UV stability assay confirming that the lipid shell of the nanocarriers was able to preserve AST concentration in the formulation. SSLNs were also capable of preserving AST's antioxidant capacity as demonstrated in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. In conclusion, these preliminary studies outline that SSLNs could be regarded as promising carriers for systemic administration of compounds such as AST aimed at AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Santonocito
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Giuseppina Raciti
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Agata Campisi
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Giovanni Sposito
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Annamaria Panico
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Edy Angela Siciliano
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Maria Grazia Sarpietro
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Damiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Carmelo Puglia
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
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Kidney-targeted astaxanthin natural antioxidant nanosystem for diabetic nephropathy therapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 156:143-154. [PMID: 32937179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a frequent and severe microvascular complication associated with oxidative stress of diabetes mellitus. A novel astaxanthin-based natural antioxidant nanosystem, namely AST-GLU-LIP, with preferential renal uptake and bioavailability were prepared and applied for treatment of diabetic nephropathy in rats. Our results of kidney-targeted evaluation showed that glucose-PEG600-DSPE ligand modified AST liposomes could be specifically transported by overexpressed GLUT1 on the membrane of glomerular mesangial cells and achieved excellent kidney-targeted drug delivery. In addition, the results of pharmacodynamics and therapeutics in DN rats demonstrated that AST-GLU-LIP could improve the bioavailability and antioxidant capacity of AST to scavenge redundant ROS induced by oxidative stress. AST-GLU-LIP could also significantly improve the renal pathological morphology to protect the kidney as a therapeutic drug for diabetic nephropathy.
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Astaxanthin Encapsulated in Biodegradable Calcium Alginate Microspheres for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Vitro. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 191:511-527. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03174-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Cetmi SD, Renkler NZ, Kose A, Celik C, Oncel SS. Preparation of electrospun polycaprolactone nanofiber mats loaded with microalgal extracts. Eng Life Sci 2019; 19:691-699. [PMID: 32624962 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201900009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable, ecological, and biocompatible materials are emerging for the development of novel components for tissue engineering. Microalgae being one of the unique organisms on Earth to provide various novel compounds with certain bioactivities are also a good source for the development of novel tissue scaffold materials. In this study, electrospinning technique was utilized to fabricate nanofibers from polycaprolactone loaded with microalgal extracts obtained from Haematococcus pluvialis (vegetative and carotenoid producing form) and Chlorella vulgaris. The FTIR results showed that, blending microalgae with polycaprolactone give unique bands rooted from microalgae and polycaprolactone structure. The samples were not diversified from each other, however stable bands were observed. SEM analysis revealed a uniform fiber fabrication with an average diameter of 810 ± 55 nm independent from microalgal extracts. MTT assay was done on HUVEC cell lines and results showed that nanofiber mats helped cell proliferation with extended time. Biodegradation resulted with mineral accumulation on the surface of same samples however the fiber degradation was uniform. With slow but stable biodegradation characteristics, microalgal extract loaded nanofiber mats holds great potential to be novel tissue scaffold material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serife Dilara Cetmi
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering, Ege University Bornova Izmir Turkey
| | - Nergis Zeynep Renkler
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering, Ege University Bornova Izmir Turkey
| | - Ayse Kose
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering, Ege University Bornova Izmir Turkey
| | - Cenk Celik
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Suphi S Oncel
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering, Ege University Bornova Izmir Turkey
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Kim ES, Kim DY, Lee JS, Lee HG. Mucoadhesive Chitosan-Gum Arabic Nanoparticles Enhance the Absorption and Antioxidant Activity of Quercetin in the Intestinal Cellular Environment. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8609-8616. [PMID: 31314514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (QUE)-loaded nanoparticles (QCG-NPs) were fabricated by ionic gelation between chitosan (CS) and gum arabic (GA) at pH 3.5. At constant CS (0.5 mg/mL) and QUE (60 μM) concentrations, QCG-NPs (260-490 nm) were prepared uniformly with 0.8-2.2 mg/mL GA and exhibited high QUE encapsulation efficiency (94.8-98.0%) and sustained QUE release (4.42-8.89% after 8 h). Because of the electrostatic interaction between QCG-NPs and the mucin layer, in vitro mucin and cell adhesion of QUE were significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced in QCG-NPs (0.44-0.48 mg/mL and 31.7-78.5%), respectively, and the adhesiveness was significantly (p < 0.05) increased with an increase of GA. Because particle size and adhesion properties affect the surface area and retention time of QCG-NPs at the absorption site, cell permeation of QUE through simple diffusion by QCG-NPs exhibited the same tendency as the adhesion results. These data were verified in cellular antioxidant and in vivo ferric reducing abilities of plasma assays that evaluated the antioxidant activities of QUE absorbed into an intestinal cell model and rat blood, respectively. The results provide a better understanding of QCG-NP absorption and indicate that QCG-NPs with mucoadhesion properties can be an effective delivery system for improving QUE absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Suh Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Republic of Korea
| | - Da Young Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Soo Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Gyu Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Republic of Korea
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Guan L, Liu J, Yu H, Tian H, Wu G, Liu B, Dong P, Li J, Liang X. Water-dispersible astaxanthin-rich nanopowder: preparation, oral safety and antioxidant activity in vivo. Food Funct 2019; 10:1386-1397. [PMID: 30747932 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01593g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research, astaxanthin-rich nanopowder was prepared by nanoencapsulation and freeze-drying techniques with enhanced bioavailability and antioxidant activities. The nanopowder showed a maximum solubility of 230 mg mL-1 with an astaxanthin content as high as 2.9%. Compared with free astaxanthin, the astaxanthin-loaded nanopowder exhibited a more efficient antioxidant effect: an oral dose of 0.9 mg per kg BW significantly reduced the malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents, and increased the glutathione content as well as the superoxide dismutase activities in alcohol-induced acute hepatic injured mice, and maintained these oxidative stress indicators at a normal level for a longer period when treated with nanoencapsulated-astaxanthin than free astaxanthin. Simulated gastrointestinal tract studies demonstrated that the nanopowder with pH and DNase I-dependent dissociation properties delivered astaxanthin efficiently to the small intestine. Astaxanthin-rich nanopowder with a dose as high as 2.4 mg per kg BW (equivalent to astaxanthin) showed no chronic toxicity to mice in terms of hematology and pathological histology, indicating its impressive biocompatibility for biomedical applications. Pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability (207%) of the nanopowder further proved that DNA/chitosan nanocarriers significantly improved the delivery efficiency of astaxanthin. With enhanced bioavailability and antioxidant activities, this novel type of astaxanthin-loaded nanopowder is expected to find broad application in the food and drug industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guan
- College of food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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Optimization of Alginate-Whey Protein Isolate Microcapsules for Survivability and Release Behavior of Probiotic Bacteria. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 190:182-196. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Physicochemical Properties and Cellular Uptake of Astaxanthin-Loaded Emulsions. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040727. [PMID: 30781596 PMCID: PMC6412677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin, a natural pigment carotenoid, is well known for its potential benefits to human health. However, its applications in the food industry are limited, due to its poor water-solubility and chemical instability. Six different emulsifiers were used to prepare astaxanthin-loaded emulsions, including whey protein isolate (WPI), polymerized whey protein (PWP), WPI-lecithin, PWP-lecithin, lecithin, and Tween20. The droplet size, zeta potential, storage stability, cytotoxicity, and astaxanthin uptake by Caco-2 cells were all investigated. The results showed that the droplet size of the emulsions ranged from 194 to 287 nm, depending on the type of emulsifier used. The entrapment efficiency of astaxanthin was as high as 90%. The astaxanthin-loaded emulsions showed good physicochemical stability during storage at 4 °C. The emulsifier type had a significant impact on the degradation rate of astaxanthin (p < 0.05). Cellular uptake of astaxanthin encapsulated into the emulsions was significantly higher than free astaxanthin (p < 0.05). Emulsion stabilized with WPI had the highest cellular uptake of astaxanthin (10.0 ± 0.2%), followed, in order, by that with PWP (8.49 ± 0.1%), WPI-lecithin (5.97 ± 0.1%), PWP-lecithin (5.05 ± 0.1%), lecithin (3.37 ± 0.2%), and Tween 20 (2.1 ± 0.1%). Results indicate that the whey protein-based emulsion has a high potential for improving the cellular uptake of astaxanthin.
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Nanoliposomes as Vehicles for Astaxanthin: Characterization, In Vitro Release Evaluation and Structure. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112822. [PMID: 30380797 PMCID: PMC6278380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin was encapsulated in nanoliposomes by a film dispersion-ultrasonic technique using soybean phosphatidyl choline. The astaxanthin-loaded nanoliposomes displayed advantages in the aspects of high encapsulation efficiency and less particle size with a remarkably homodisperse size distribution. Based on X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry the analysis, it has been demonstrated that there could be interactions of astaxanthin with the lipid bilayer, resulting in the forming of astaxanthin-loaded nanoliposomes. The thermal gravimetric analysis revealed that the thermal stability of astaxanthin after encapsulation in nanoliposomes was remarkably enhanced as compared to astaxanthin alone. Furthermore, encapsulation could greatly enhance the water dispersibility of astaxanthin. This study also confirmed that encapsulation of astaxanthin in nanoliposomes could be an effective way to supply astaxanthin continuously in the body. The effects of astaxanthin incorporation on structural changes of the liposomal membrane were investigated through steady-state fluorescence measurements. This study revealed that the incorporation of astaxanthin into the lipid bilayer decreased membrane fluidity, but increased micropolarity in the membrane within a certain range of astaxanthin concentrations. Additionally, it indicated that the encapsulation of astaxanthin in the lipid bilayer could be applied to modulate the structural properties of membranes.
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Reyes-Cerpa S, Vallejos-Vidal E, Gonzalez-Bown MJ, Morales-Reyes J, Pérez-Stuardo D, Vargas D, Imarai M, Cifuentes V, Spencer E, Sandino AM, Reyes-López FE. Effect of yeast (Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous) and plant (Saint John's wort, lemon balm, and rosemary) extract based functional diets on antioxidant and immune status of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) subjected to crowding stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:250-259. [PMID: 29305990 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Salmon farming may face stress due to the intensive culture conditions with negative impacts on overall performance. In this aspect, functional feed improves not only the basic nutritional requirements but also the health status and fish growth. However, to date no studies have been carried out to evaluate the effect of functional diets in salmon subjected to crowding stress. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of yeast extract (Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous; diet A) and the combination of plant extracts (common Saint John's wort, lemon balm, and rosemary; diet B) on the antioxidant and immune status of Atlantic salmon grown under normal cultured conditions and then subjected to crowding stress. Fish were fed with functional diets during 30 days (12 kg/m3) and then subjected to crowding stress (20 kg/m3) for 10 days. The lipid peroxidation in gut showed that both diets induced a marked decrease on oxidative damage when fish were subjected to crowding stress. The protein carbonylation in muscle displayed at day 30 a marked decrease in both functional diets that was more marked on the stress condition. The expression of immune markers (IFNγ, CD4, IL-10, TGF-β, IgMmb, IgMsec, T-Bet, and GATA-3) indicated the upregulation of those associated to humoral-like response (CD4, IL-10, GATA-3) when fish were subjected to crowding stress. These results were confirmed with the expression of secreted IgM. Altogether, these functional diets improved the antioxidant status and increased the expression of genes related to Th2-like response suggesting a protective role on fish subjected to crowding stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Vallejos-Vidal
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences (Building C), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - María José Gonzalez-Bown
- Laboratorio de Virología, Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jonathan Morales-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Virología, Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Pérez-Stuardo
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Chile
| | - Deborah Vargas
- Laboratorio de Virología, Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mónica Imarai
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Genética, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eugenio Spencer
- Laboratorio de Virología, Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana María Sandino
- Laboratorio de Virología, Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile; ActivaQ S.A. General del Canto 460, Providencia, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Felipe E Reyes-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences (Building C), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
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20
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Álvarez-Henao MV, Saavedra N, Medina S, Jiménez Cartagena C, Alzate LM, Londoño-Londoño J. Microencapsulation of lutein by spray-drying: Characterization and stability analyses to promote its use as a functional ingredient. Food Chem 2018; 256:181-187. [PMID: 29606436 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lutein, a xanthophyll, is associated to decreased risk of age-related macular degeneration, atherosclerosis and other diseases (Bovier et al., 2013; El-raey, Ibrahim, & Eldahshan, 2013). When lutein is extracted, it becomes highly unstable, reducing its functionality as an antioxidant. The aim of this research was to improve the stability of lutein using maltodextrin, arabic gum and a modified starch, to obtain micro-particles using spray-drying. Each of the formulations was characterized in terms of yield, encapsulation efficiency, particle size distribution, water activity and moisture content. The formulations with arabic gum (100%) and arabic gum:maltodextrin:modified starch (33.3:33.3:33.3%), with encapsulation efficiencies of 91.94 ± 6.88 and 65.72 ± 0.93%, respectively, were selected to study stability at 45 °C and 75% RH (relative humidity). Based on our results, encapsulation could be considered as an alternative for the generation of high value-added functional ingredients that can be used in different industries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nataly Saavedra
- Faculty of Engineering, Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Sonia Medina
- Faculty of Engineering, Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas, Antioquia, Colombia
| | | | - Luz Maria Alzate
- Faculty of Engineering, Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Julián Londoño-Londoño
- Faculty of Engineering, Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Caldas, Antioquia, Colombia
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21
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Zhang W, Sun X, Fan X, Li M, He G. Pickering emulsions stabilized by hydrophobically modified alginate nanoparticles: Preparation and pH-responsive performance in vitro. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2017.1320223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xianlin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Gaohong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
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22
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Holkem AT, Raddatz GC, Barin JS, Moraes Flores ÉM, Muller EI, Codevilla CF, Jacob-Lopes E, Ferreira Grosso CR, de Menezes CR. Production of microcapsules containing Bifidobacterium BB-12 by emulsification/internal gelation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Preparation of astaxanthin-loaded DNA/chitosan nanoparticles for improved cellular uptake and antioxidation capability. Food Chem 2017; 227:9-15. [PMID: 28274463 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA/chitosan co-assemblies were initially used as nanocarriers for efficient astaxanthin encapsulation and delivery. The obtained astaxanthin-loaded DNA/chitosan (ADC) colloidal system was transparent and homogenous, with astaxanthin content up to 65μg/ml. Compared to free astaxanthin, ADC nanoparticles with an astaxanthin concentration as low as 3.35nM still showed a more powerful cytoprotective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative cell damage, and improved cell viability from 49.9% to 61.9%. The ROS scavenging efficiency of ADC nanoparticles was as high as 54.3%, which was 2-fold higher than that of free astaxanthin. Besides this, ADC nanoparticles were easily engulfed by Caco-2 cells in a short time, indicating that the encapsulated astaxanthin could be absorbed through endocytosis by intestinal epithelial cells. The improved antioxidation capability and facilitated cellular uptake enabled the ADC nanoparticles to be good candidates for efficient delivery and absorption of astaxanthin.
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24
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Zhang X, Yin W, Qi Y, Li X, Zhang W, He G. Microencapsulation of astaxanthin in alginate using modified emulsion technology: Preparation, characterization, and cytostatic activity. CAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Panjin, 124221 China
| | - Wenjuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Panjin, 124221 China
| | - Yankai Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Panjin, 124221 China
| | - Xiangcun Li
- R&D Center of Membrane Science and Technology; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Panjin, 124221 China
| | - Gaohong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Panjin, 124221 China
- R&D Center of Membrane Science and Technology; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian, 116024 China
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25
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Chen L, Liu X, Li D, Chen W, Zhang K, Chen S. Preparation of stable microcapsules from disrupted cell ofHaematococcus pluvialisby spray drying. Int J Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Limei Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial BioSystems and Bioprocessing Engineering; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Xiumin Liu
- Hebei Jiaotong Vocational & Technical College; Shijiazhuang 050035 China
| | - Demao Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial BioSystems and Bioprocessing Engineering; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Wuxi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial BioSystems and Bioprocessing Engineering; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial BioSystems and Bioprocessing Engineering; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Shulin Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial BioSystems and Bioprocessing Engineering; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tianjin 300308 China
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26
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Wu QX, Lin DQ, Yao SJ. Fabrication and formation studies on single-walled CA/NaCS-WSC microcapsules. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 59:909-915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Technological process for cell disruption, extraction and encapsulation of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis. J Biotechnol 2016; 218:108-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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28
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Li M, Zahi MR, Yuan Q, Tian F, Liang H. Preparation and stability of astaxanthin solid lipid nanoparticles based on stearic acid. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Li
- State key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing; P. R. China
| | - Mohamed Reda Zahi
- State key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing; P. R. China
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing; P. R. China
| | - Feibao Tian
- State key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing; P. R. China
| | - Hao Liang
- State key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing; P. R. China
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