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Santos-Neto EB, Manhães BMR, Oliveira-Ferreira N, Cordeiro CVS, Corrêa CAC, Brião JA, Guari EB, Botta S, Colosio AC, Ramos HGC, Barbosa LA, Bertozzi C, Cunha IAG, Carreira RS, Meire RO, Bisi TL, Azevedo AF, Cunha HA, Lailson-Brito J. PAHs in franciscana dolphins from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean: Concentration and maternal transfer assessments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116455. [PMID: 38735171 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds ubiquitous in the environment and known for their toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects. These compounds can bioaccumulate in the biota and be transferred through trophic webs. The franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei), as top predators, can be an environmental sentinels. Thus, this study aimed to provide data about PAHs concentration in their hepatic tissue collected on the coast of Espírito Santo (Franciscana Management Area, FMA Ia), Rio de Janeiro (FMA IIa), and São Paulo states (FMA IIb), in Southeastern Brazil. PAHs were detected in 86 % of franciscana dolphins (n = 50). The highest ∑PAHsTotal median concentration was reported in FMA Ia followed by FMA IIb and FMA IIa (1055.6; 523.9, and 72.1 ng.g-1 lipid weight, respectively). Phenanthrene was detected in one fetus and two neonates, showing maternal transfer of PAHs in these dolphins. Evaluating PAHs with potential toxic effects is of utmost importance for the conservation of a threatened species.
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Affiliation(s)
- E B Santos-Neto
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - B M R Manhães
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N Oliveira-Ferreira
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C V S Cordeiro
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C A C Corrêa
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J A Brião
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E B Guari
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S Botta
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha (ECOMEGA), Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)
| | - A C Colosio
- Instituto Baleia Jubarte, Caravelas, Bahia, Brazil
| | - H G C Ramos
- Instituto Baleia Jubarte, Caravelas, Bahia, Brazil
| | - L A Barbosa
- Instituto ORCA, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - C Bertozzi
- Instituto de Biociências, câmpus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista (IB/CLP - UNESP), São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto Biopesca, Praia Grande, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I A G Cunha
- Instituto ORCA, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - R S Carreira
- LabMAM/Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), 22451-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R O Meire
- Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, , Campus Duque de Caxias, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 105, Santa Cruz da Serra, CEP: 25240-005, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T L Bisi
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A F Azevedo
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - H A Cunha
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Genética, Instituti de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J Lailson-Brito
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Souza AC, Lube GV, Jarcovis RDLM, de Araujo LD, da Silva J, Lourenço RA. A comprehensive review of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Brazilian coastal environments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116304. [PMID: 38583223 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
This study provides an overview of the evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the coastal regions of Santos Basin, located in Brazil's Southeast region, the country's most industrialized area. The analysis is based on data compiled from various studies in this area since 2000. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the SCOPUS database, encompassing peer-reviewed scientific journals from publishers such as Elsevier, Springer, Nature, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate. Most of these studies have focused on the sediment compartment due to its role as the primary repository for organic matter and, consequently, PAHs in the marine environment. However, the bioavailability of organic contaminants in sediment is generally lower compared to water and suspended particulate matter, which has received less attention in the context of Santos Basin. The literature search also includes studies evaluating PAH concentrations in organisms to investigate the bioaccumulation rates of these compounds. Data presented in this review primarily originates from coastal and estuarine areas within Santos Basin, with occasional extensions to the continental shelf. The majority of publications are centered on studies conducted in the southeastern Brazilian states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, where the highest levels of PAH contamination across all environmental compartments are typically observed. Santa Catarina, on the other hand, is the coastal region with fewer studies. The regions where most of the studies involving PAHs in the Santos Basin are concentrated in areas where public university research centers are located, a pattern that repeats throughout the Brazilian coast. In areas far from universities, little is known about the environmental status of PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Câmara Souza
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Vieira Lube
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Raphael De Lucca Marcello Jarcovis
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Ligia Dias de Araujo
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Josilene da Silva
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Rafael André Lourenço
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil.
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Branco FOL, Pegado T, Giarrizzo T, Rodrigues CCDS, Corrêa JAM. Association between PAH and plastic fragments on Brazilian coast beaches: a baseline assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:121895-121907. [PMID: 37962762 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30863-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastic materials have many destinies on the environment, and one of them is its continuous fragmentation, originating microplastics (MP). MP act as an adsorption surface for organic pollutants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Due to its toxic and harmful properties, 16 PAH are defined as priorities in studies. Several works have evaluated the occurrence of MP and PAH individually in environmental matrices, but just a few have investigated their association. The present study aims to investigate PAH occurrence, sources, and concentration in MP from beach sediments of eight Brazilian coastal states. Sixteen PAH were analyzed by gas chromatography, in which 14 PAH were detected, and PAH total concentration (ΣPAH) ranged from 0.25 to 71.60 ng g-1. In the North and Northeast regions, the low PAH concentrations in MP appear to be related to the intense hydrodynamic processes. Naphthalene levels on the Styrofoam were above the threshold effect level in two samples and near it on one; therefore, effects in the organisms might occur due to these PAH. The Southeast and South regions are the only ones with previous studies relating PAH with MP, and ΣPAH ranged from 0.34 to 2.52 ng g-1. According to the diagnostic ratios, the PAH sources were associated with industrial and port activities, untreated effluent disposal, and urban runoff by pluvial waters. The highest ΣPAH level was found in the Styrofoam samples, suggesting that this MP type might contribute considerable to PAH dispersion on Brazilian coast beaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamyris Pegado
- Laboratory of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic Resources Management, Nucleus of Amazonian Aquatic Ecology and Fisheries, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Laboratory of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic Resources Management, Nucleus of Amazonian Aquatic Ecology and Fisheries, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Institute of Marine Science (LABOMAR), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Fernandes GM, Martins DDA, de Oliveira AHB, de Lima MFB, Reddy CM, Nelson RK, Cavalcante RM. Hydrocarbon markers for assessing the influence of human activities in the tropical semi-arid region (Acaraú River, state of Ceará, Brazil). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140227. [PMID: 37758093 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems are facing increasing anthropogenic stressors, including rapid urbanization rates and extensive fossil fuel usage. Nevertheless, the distribution of hydrocarbons in the Brazilian semi-arid region remains relatively uncharacterized. In this study, we analyzed ten surface sediment samples (0-2 cm) along the banks of the Acaraú River to assess the chronic contributions of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The Acaraú River is a crucial riverine-estuarine area in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil. Ultrasound-assisted extraction and gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer were used to identify target compounds: 45 PAHs, 27 n-alkanes (C10-C38), and two isoprenoids. At most stations, the predominant grain size was sand, and the organic carbon content was less than 1%. The total n-alkanes concentration ranged from 14.1 to 170.0 μg g-1, while individual pristane and phytane concentrations ranged from not detected (nd) to 0.4 μg g-1 and nd to 0.7 μg g-1, respectively. These concentrations resemble those found in unpolluted sediments and are lower compared to samples from urbanized coastal areas. The total USEPA PAHs concentration varied from 157.8 to 1364 ng g-1, leading to the characterization of sediment samples as moderately polluted. Based on diagnostic ratios calculated from both alkane and PAH concentrations, the sediment samples were predominantly deriving from pyrolytic sources, with some contribution from petrogenic sources. The most abundant group was 5-ring PAHs (mean: 47.3 ± 36.7%), followed by 3-ring PAHs (mean: 17.9 ± 13.7%). This predominance indicates a pyrolytic origin of hydrocarbons in the Acaraú River. The concentrations reported here were representative of the level of background hydrocarbons in the region. Regarding the sediment quality assessment, BaP TPE calculated for the Acaraú River ranged from 13.2 to 1258.4 ng g-1 (mean: 409.3 ± 409.4 ng g-1). When considering site-specific sediment quality values for the coast of the state of Ceará, half of the stations are classified as strongly contaminated, and toxic effects are expected to occur (SQGq >0.25) for the ∑16 PAHs measured in the samples, especially due to dibenz [a,h]anthracene concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle M Fernandes
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles,CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Davi de A Martins
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles,CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Andre H B de Oliveira
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles,CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Laboratory for Environmental Studies (LEA), Federal University of Ceará - Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Campus do Pici s/n, Bloco 938/939, Brazil
| | - Marcielly F B de Lima
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles,CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Christopher M Reddy
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Robert K Nelson
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Rivelino M Cavalcante
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles,CEP: 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Hassaan MA, El Nemr A, El Sikaily A, Ragab S. n-Alkanes and PAHs baseline distributions and sources in the sediments of the Nile Delta coast of the southeastern Mediterranean. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115262. [PMID: 37467685 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The variations in the levels of n-alkanes and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sediment of the Nile Delta coast and extended to Bardaweel Lagoon along the Mediterranean were investigated during September 2021. The total n-alkane concentrations in the sediment samples ranged from 18.85 to 164.37 μg/g with an average value of 51.98 ± 17.49 μg/g. Similarly, the ΣPAHs concentrations ranged between 4.55 and 207.48 ng/g with an average of 27.89 ± 49.82 ng/g. The carbon preference index (CPI) values were in the 0.21 to 1.39 range, indicating variations in the sources of n-alkane at the analyzed locations. The mean carbon number (MCN) values ranged from 7.41 to 15.47, with an average of 13.34 ± 1.69. The levels of both low and high molecular weight PAHs were lower than the median and low effective range values (ERM and ERL). The computed total TEQ value varied from 0.102 to 4.129 ng/g in the sediment samples under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Hassaan
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, Elanfoushy, P.O. 21556 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El Nemr
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, Elanfoushy, P.O. 21556 Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Amany El Sikaily
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, Elanfoushy, P.O. 21556 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Safaa Ragab
- Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, Elanfoushy, P.O. 21556 Alexandria, Egypt
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Dos Santos Rodrigues CC, da Silva Messias M, Morales JHA, Damasceno FC, Corrêa JAM. Insights about levels and sources of organic pollution in an urbanized Amazon estuary (Belém, PA, Northern Brazil). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:731. [PMID: 37231316 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11271-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Amazon aquatic systems have been affected by organic pollution from urbanized regions. This study was conducted to determine the levels, sources, and distribution patterns of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 6 steroid markers in surficial sediments from an important urbanized Amazon estuarine system (Belém, PA, Northern Brazil). Total PAH concentration (∑PAH) ranged from 878.2 to 9905.7 ng g-1, 3295.2 ng g-1 on average, suggesting a highly contaminated environment. PAH molecular ratios and statistical analysis indicated that PAH originated from a mixture of local sources emissions, mainly related to the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass. Coprostanol levels (maximum concentration = 292.52 ng g-1) could be compared to the mid-range reported in the literature. Studied stations, except for one, presented sterol ratio data indicating organic matter related to untreated sewage. Sterols indicative of sewage contamination showed a correlation with pyrogenic PAH amounts which are transported by the same channels where sewage is discharged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana da Silva Messias
- Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n - Jd. Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Flaviana Cardoso Damasceno
- Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n - Jd. Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
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de Oliveira AHB, Fernandes GM, Dos Santos FR, de Almeida NM, Nogueira TR, de Quadros Melo D, Martins LL, Cavalcante RM, do Nascimento RF, Reddy CM. Insights about levels and source appointment of petroleum hydrocarbons in Brazilian semi-arid coastal: baseline status assessment for ocean decade targets. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:58002-58018. [PMID: 36973626 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The Ocean decade (2021-2030) for sustainable development proclaimed in 2017 by the UN, seeks to promote and conserve the sustainable use of oceans, seas, and marine resources. For this, the distribution of n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and biomarkers, in sediments from the Fortaleza coastal zone (Mucuripe harbor (MH) and Inner Continental shelf (ICS)) were used to assess the impacts of anthropogenic activities in the area. The concentrations of total n-alkanes (Σ16 n-alkanes) in MH and ICS sediments varied from 35.9 to 94.9 and 17.9 to 197.3 μg g-1, respectively, while the isoprenoids phytane and pristane in MH and ICS sediments ranged from 0.1 to 1.69 ug g-1 and from 0.14 and 1.20 μg g-1, respectively. Most of the sediment samples presented carbon preference index (CPI) values close to unity, indicating that the area is submitted to petroleum-related sources. The concentrations of Σ16 PAHs in MH and ICS sediments varied from 87.0 to 562.0 and 98 to 288.0 ng g-1. This work presents the first investigation of the petroleum biomarkers hopanes and steranes in the Fortaleza coastal zone, in which ΣBiomarkers varied from 0.10 to 1.79 and 0.02 to 0.24 ug g-1 in MH and ICS sediments, respectively. The presence at stations of biomarkers also indicates petrogenic input. The diagnosis of the distribution of pollutants in the investigated zones of the Fortaleza coast suggests contamination from urban areas and oil spills and vessel traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Henrique Barbosa de Oliveira
- Environmental Studies Laboratory (LEA), Federal University of Ceara, Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Dpto Campus Pici, Av. Mister Hull, S/N - Pici - 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
- Tropical Marine Sciences Program/LABOMAR/UFC, Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Gabrielle Melo Fernandes
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceara (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Felipe Rodrigues Dos Santos
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceara (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Narelle Maia de Almeida
- Marine and Applied Geology Laboratory, Federal University of Ceara, Geology Dpto Campus Pici, Av. Mister Hull, S/N - Pici, 60440-554, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Tiago Rocha Nogueira
- Laboratory of Traces Analysis (LAT), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Do Contorno, Humberto Monte S/N Campus Do Pici, Bloco 940, Fortaleza, 60451-970, Brazil
| | - Diego de Quadros Melo
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sertão Pernambucano, PE 647, Km 22, PISNC N - 4, Rural Zone Petrolina Campus, Petrolina, PE, 56302-970, Brazil
| | - Laercio Lopes Martins
- Tropical Marine Sciences Program/LABOMAR/UFC, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceara (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165-081, Brazil
- Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering and Exploration (LENEP), North Fluminense State University (UENF), Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, 27925-535, Brazil
| | - Rivelino Martins Cavalcante
- Tropical Marine Sciences Program/LABOMAR/UFC, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants (LACOr), Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceara (LABOMAR-UFC), Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Ferreira do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Traces Analysis (LAT), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Do Contorno, Humberto Monte S/N Campus Do Pici, Bloco 940, Fortaleza, 60451-970, Brazil
| | - Christopher Michael Reddy
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA
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Carvalho ACB, Moreira VA, Vicente MDC, Bidone ED, Bernardes MC, Sabadini-Santos E. Sterol and PAHs fingerprint analysis of organic matter at Southeast Brazilian Bay. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 181:113899. [PMID: 35839664 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Southeast Brazilian bays have been increasingly degraded by untreated organic loads. Therefore, to assess fecal contamination status, sediment quality regarding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and sources of organic matter (OM), we have determined fine-grained and total organic carbon (TOC) content and concentrations of PAHs and sterols in twenty-six surface sediment samples in Sepetiba Bay. The fine-grained (1-26 %), TOC (0.20-3.45 %), PAHs (<LQ - 78.27 ng g-1) and sterols (0.10-21.58 μg g-1) results showed a decreasing trend from the internal to the external sector of the study area. The diagnostic ratios of selected PAHs and sterols indicated a mixture with significant contribution from continental and pyrolytic OM in all stations. The fecal contamination is significant to the internal sector of Sepetiba Bay. Considering a site-specific sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) the PAHs levels with more restricted benchmark values indicate the harbor and the internal sector as contaminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo C B Carvalho
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa A Moreira
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Murilo de C Vicente
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Edison Dausacker Bidone
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Bernardes
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elisamara Sabadini-Santos
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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9
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Narayan Thorat B, Kumar Sonwani R. Current technologies and future perspectives for the treatment of complex petroleum refinery wastewater: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127263. [PMID: 35526717 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, sulphides, ammonia, oils, suspended and dissolved solids, and heavy metals. As these pollutants are toxic and recalcitrant, it is essential to address the above issue with efficient, economical, and eco-friendly technologies. In this review, initially, an overview of the characteristics of wastewater discharged from different petroleum refinery units is discussed. Further, various pre-treatment and post-treatment strategies for complex PRW are introduced. A segregated approach has been proposed to treat the crude desalting, sour, spent caustic, and oily wastewater of petroleum refineries. The combined systems (e.g., ozonation + moving bed biofilm reactor and photocatalysis + packed bed biofilm reactor) for the treatment of low biodegradability index wastewater (BOD5/COD < 0.2) were discussed to construct a perspective map and implement the proposed system efficiently. The economic, toxicity, and biodegradability aspects are also introduced, along with research gaps and future scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Narayan Thorat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai-Indian Oil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751013, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Sonwani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai-Indian Oil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751013, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy (IIPE), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530003, India.
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10
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Method development and application to sediments for multi-residue analysis of organic contaminants using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:5845-5855. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Wang Y, Hong H, Qian L, Wang Q, Li J, Huang Q, Jiang Y, Lu H, Liu J, Dong Y, Li J, Yan C. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at subcritical levels as novel indicators of microbial adaptation in a pre-industrial river delta. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133858. [PMID: 35124082 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Marine sediment is considered a vast sink for organic pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, little is known about the relationship between subcritical PAH allocation and benthic microbial patterns. Thus, we carried out a field investigation at the abandoned Yellow River Delta (AYRD) to deepen the understanding of PAHs' horizontal distribution and ecological roles on the continental shelf. The PAH level in the AYRD is relatively low and distance-independent, indicating it resulted from long-term, chronic, anthropogenic input. The combined application of diagnostic molecular ratios reported inconsistent PAH sources, which might be due to the low PAH concentrations and the complexity of contributing sources. Positive Matrix Factorization provided a more robust source classification and identified three main PAH sources-coal combustion and vehicle emissions, petrogenic process, and fossil fuels. The benthic microbiome did not show a significant response to PAHs in terms of microbial assemblage or alpha-diversity. However, Operational Taxonomic Units in some specific phyla, like Thaumarchaeota, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chytridiomycota, correlated with the PAH source indicators, supporting the notion that PAH source indicators can act as a novel environmental indicator for microbial adaption. What's more, Microbial Ecological Networks show more connection at sites identified as biomass combustion by both Fluoranthene/(Fluoranthene + Pyrene) and Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene/(Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene + Benzo(ghi)perylene) compared to the ones identified as biomass combustion by Fluoranthene/(Fluoranthene + Pyrene) and petroleum combustion by Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene/(Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene + Benzo(ghi)perylene). Herein, we demonstrate that the PAHs' source indicator can serve as a novel indicator of the interactions between microorganisms, and thus, should be applied to the sustainable management effort in the offshore area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China; Academy of Environmental Planning and Design, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Lu Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
| | - Junwei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Qi Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Yongcan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Yunwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China; The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
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12
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Zafarani GG, Karbalaei S, Golshani R, Pustokhina I, Walker TR. Baseline occurrence, distribution and sources of PAHs, TPH, and OCPs in surface sediments in Gorgan Bay, Iran. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113346. [PMID: 35114549 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Baseline polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in surface sediments were measured in Gorgan Bay, Iran. Total PAHs, TPH, and OCPs concentrations ranged between 13.70 and 23.68 ng g-1, 2.97 to 11.51 μg g-1 dry weight, and below detection to 1.41 ng g-1, respectively. Benzo [k] fluoranthene and anthracene had the highest (BkF; 19.77 ± 0.08 ng g-1), and lowest (Ant; 4.38 ± 1.72 ng g-1) individual PAH concentrations, respectively. The most abundant OCPs were β-Endosulfan, followed by methoxychlor and endrin. PAH isomeric ratios in sediments revealed that contamination originated from mixed sources, with a strong indication of pyrogenic sources. Ecological risk assessments based on sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) suggested that individual PAHs and OCPs posed low ecological risks in Gorgan Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Ghorbanzadeh Zafarani
- Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development (RCESD), Iranian Department of Environment, Tehran 141551156, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Karbalaei
- Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development (RCESD), Iranian Department of Environment, Tehran 141551156, Iran
| | | | - Inna Pustokhina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Propaedeutics of Dental Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tony R Walker
- School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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13
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Nunes BZ, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Choueri RB, Castro ÍB. Marine protected areas in Latin America and Caribbean threatened by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116194. [PMID: 33288292 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study is a literature-based analysis investigating occurrence and the possible consequences of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in marine protected areas (MPAs) of Latin America and Caribbean. The approach using overlapping of georeferenced MPA polygons with data compiled from peer-reviewed literature, published during the last 15 years, showed 341 records of PAH in 9 countries. PAH was reported to occur within the boundaries of 36 MPAs located in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Nicaragua and Uruguay. According to quality guidelines, low to moderate impacts are expected in MPAs categorized in different management classes. Considering sediment samples, 13% of the records presented concentrations enough to cause occasional toxicity. Such level of risk was also seen in Ramsar sites and in Amazonian MPAs. In addition, based on concentrations reported in biota, occasional deleterious effects on organisms from Biosphere Reserves might occur. Diagnostic ratios pointed out petrogenic and pyrolytic processes as PAH predominant sources, and were mainly attributed to the proximity to ports, industries and urban areas. MPAs located in the vicinity of impact-generating areas may be under threat and require government attention and action, mainly through implementation of contamination monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Zachello Nunes
- Instituto Do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Instituto Do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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14
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Falciglia PP, Lumia L, Giustra MG, Gagliano E, Roccaro P, Vagliasindi FGA, Di Bella G. Remediation of petrol hydrocarbon-contaminated marine sediments by thermal desorption. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127576. [PMID: 32688317 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a hydrocarbon-contaminated marine sediment was treated applying ex-situ thermal desorption (ESTD) at bench-scale. Temperatures up to 280 °C and heating times (t) in the 5-30 min range were investigated. Results revealed that temperatures in the range 200-280 °C led to Total Petrol Hydrocarbon (TPH)-removal efficiency (RE) from 75 to 85% (t = 10 min). The maximum RE of 89% was obtained at 200 °C for 30 min. However, a shorter remediation time of 5 min (or lower temperatures of 160 and 180 °C with longer times) is needed to reach the TPH standard limit. Data also demonstrated the selectivity of the treatment in TPH fraction removal. The modelling of the TPH removal kinetics and desorption isotherm jointly with activation energy calculation (>30 kJ mol-1) indicated that ESTD process is quite unfavorable for marine sediments. This is due to the fact that ESTD is regulated by chemisorption processes and occurred in two distinct TPH removal phases: evaporation and boiling vaporization. This depends on the strong affinity of the TPH with the fine sediment particles, as well as on the high initial water, salinity, organic matter and sulfides content. However, the comparison between alternative processes has shown that ESTD is the most feasible treatment process for TPH-contaminated marine sediment remediation. Obtained results also add relevant information that can be used as a basis for future scaling-up investigations of ESTD for hydrocarbon-contaminated marine sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro P Falciglia
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via A. Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Lumia
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna "Kore", Viale Delle Olimpiadi, 94100, Enna, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Giustra
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna "Kore", Viale Delle Olimpiadi, 94100, Enna, Italy
| | - Erica Gagliano
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via A. Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Roccaro
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via A. Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Federico G A Vagliasindi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via A. Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Di Bella
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna "Kore", Viale Delle Olimpiadi, 94100, Enna, Italy
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15
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Seopela MP, McCrindle RI, Combrinck S, Augustyn W. Occurrence, distribution, spatio-temporal variability and source identification of n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment from Loskop dam, South Africa. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 186:116350. [PMID: 32882453 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the spatial and temporal variations in the levels of C8-C40 n-alkanes and 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment from Loskop Dam (Mpumalanga Province South Africa), were investigated between 2015 and 2017. In addition, their sources, which have not been well defined, were also studied over the period. This water body is sourced from a historically contaminated water body, the Olifants River, which flows through areas where a range of industrial and agricultural activities take place. Mass crocodile and fish mortalities have been recorded in this aquatic system, and contamination by organic pollutants were highlighted as a contributing factor. The total average n-alkane concentrations in water and sediments ranged from 0.574±00811 to 18.8±1.39 µg/L and 4760±243 to 30700±906 µg/kg, respectively. Similarly, PAHs were detected at total average concentrations of between 0.150±00494 and 49.8±6.86 µg/L in water and 61.6±5.95 to 2618±300 µg/kg. n-Alkane and PAH diagnostic ratios indicated a mixture of sources of these compounds, attributed to terrestrial, submerged and floating plant material, as well as petrogenic and pyrogenic combustion. Inlet, middle and upper segment site clustering was observed with non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), mainly driven by the prevalence of PAHs at the inlet sites and n-alkanes in the upper reaches. By using indicator compounds, the sources of contamination could be predicted. The strategy described here can be applied to any water body for continuous long-term monitoring of pollutant levels and to identify sources attributing to water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathapelo Pearl Seopela
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
| | - Robert Ian McCrindle
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Sandra Combrinck
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Wilma Augustyn
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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16
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Oliva AL, Quintas PY, Ronda AC, Marcovecchio JE, Arias AH. First evidence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from a marine protected area within Argentinean Continental Shelf. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 158:111385. [PMID: 32753174 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated for the first time, the distribution, sources, and ecological risk assessment of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments collected along the northern Patagonian shelf in the Argentine Sea -included in a Marine Protected Area (MPA). Total concentration of the PAHs varied from 19.47 to 183.17 ng/g dry weight and low molecular weight compounds, such as Anthracene and Naphthalene were the dominants. The selected PAHs ratios suggested a predominance of petrogenic sources and ecotoxicological risk evaluation based on the sediment quality guidelines model, indicated that some PAHs might cause occasional adverse biological effects in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Oliva
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Pamela Y Quintas
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), UNCUYO - CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Mendoza Argentina, Argentina
| | - Ana C Ronda
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av Alem 1253, B8000DIC Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Jorge E Marcovecchio
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Universidad de la Fraternidad de Agrupaciones Santo Tomás de Aquino, Gascón 3145, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina; Universidad Tecnológica Nacional - FRBB, 11 de Abril 445, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales (ANCEFN), Av Alvear 1711, 1014 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés H Arias
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av Alem 1253, B8000DIC Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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17
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Lazzari L, Wagener ALR, Boyle EA, Massone CG, Godoy JMO, Lott C, Cordeiro LGMS, Carreira RS. Sedimentary record of hydrocarbons and sewage inputs from a highly populated region in South-Eastern Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 149:110565. [PMID: 31543494 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impacts of the urban expansion in Rio de Janeiro was evaluated based on the historical accumulation of black carbon (BC), aliphatic (AHs) and aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and sterols in a sediment core retrieved from Botafogo Cove. BC related to oil combustion sources increased significantly since the 1990s. AHs were associated with petroleum inputs and revealed a high level of contamination. Multivariate statistical methods (a Principal Component Analysis associated with a linear multiple regression - PCA/LMR) applied to PAHs suggests changes in the sources in recent years. This can be ascribed to a reduction in pyrogenic emissions over the last four decades and to an increase in petrogenic inputs since the 1990s. The sterol dinosterol registered the increased eutrophication over the last three decades, but the sewage marker coprostanol was present at relatively low concentrations (0.40 to 1.16 μg g-1) probably caused by enhanced bacterial activity in the sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Lazzari
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20451-900, Brazil.
| | - Angela L R Wagener
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20451-900, Brazil
| | - Edward A Boyle
- Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Carlos G Massone
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20451-900, Brazil
| | - José Marcus O Godoy
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20451-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Lott
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20451-900, Brazil
| | - Lívia G M S Cordeiro
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20451-900, Brazil
| | - Renato S Carreira
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20451-900, Brazil
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18
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Jafarabadi AR, Dashtbozorg M, Bakhtiari AR, Maisano M, Cappello T. Geochemical imprints of occurrence, vertical distribution and sources of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic ketones, hopanes and steranes in sediment cores from ten Iranian Coral Islands, Persian Gulf. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 144:287-298. [PMID: 31179999 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The levels, vertical distribution and sources of hydrocarbons and petroleum biomarkers were estimated for the first time in sediment cores (0-40 cm) from ten coral Islands of the Persian Gulf, Iran. Discrepant hydrocarbons, including linear n-alkanes (n-C11 to n-C40) and isoprenoids (AHs), aliphatic ketones (AKs), hopanes and steranes were measured in all core samples, showing mean concentrations ranging from 209 to 5388 μg g-1dw (∑30AH), 2-244 μg g-1-dw (∑13AK), 189-3713 ng g-1dw (∑31hopane) and 42-3864 ng g-1dw (∑15sterane), respectively. All sediment cores were found to be petroleum polluted, with ∑30AH > ∑31hopane > ∑15sterane > ∑13AK, with higher levels recorded at 10-20 cm, mainly at industrial sites. Various diagnostic indices revealed that hydrocarbons derived mainly from anthropogenic inputs, with significant contribution of biogenic origin at sites less polluted. Moreover, total organic carbon (0.24-23.45 mg g-1-dw), terrestrial and marine organic matter had an overwhelming effect on hydrocarbons deposition in sediment cores. Overall, findings provide relevant information for monitoring and preventing petroleum pollution in the sensitive ecosystems of the Persian Gulf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ranjbar Jafarabadi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Dashtbozorg
- Young Researchers and Elites club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Riyahi Bakhtiari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Maria Maisano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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19
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de Almeida M, do Nascimento DV, de Oliveira Mafalda P, Patire VF, de Albergaria-Barbosa ACR. Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments of a Tropical Bay influenced by anthropogenic activities (Todos os Santos Bay, BA, Brazil). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 137:399-407. [PMID: 30503449 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the distribution and origin of 16 Priority PAHs in surficial sediment samples of Todos os Santos Bay (TSB, Brazil). Total PAHs concentrations ranged from below the method detection limit (<DL) to 533 ng g-1 (dry weight). The toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQcarc) of PAHs in the studied area ranged from 0 to 104 ng g-1 and were lower when compared to other contaminated bays in the world. Diagnostic ratios indicated that pyrogenic processes, such as pyrolysis of fossil fuel, biomass, and coal, were the main PAHs sources for sediments. Proximity of the sources, the hydrodynamics and geochemistry of the sediments were the factor influencing the distribution of PAHs along the studied area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos de Almeida
- Laboratory of Petroleum Studies, Geoscience Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-020 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Laboratory of Marine Geochemistry, Geoscience Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-020 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Danielle Vasconcelos do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Petroleum Studies, Geoscience Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-020 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Paulo de Oliveira Mafalda
- Laboratory of Plankton, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-020 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Vinicius Faria Patire
- Ekman, Environmental and Oceanographic Services, Avenida das Américas, Bloco 2, 700, 21931-004 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecília Rizzatti de Albergaria-Barbosa
- Laboratory of Petroleum Studies, Geoscience Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-020 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Laboratory of Marine Geochemistry, Geoscience Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-020 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Dauner ALL, Dias TH, Ishii FK, Libardoni BG, Parizzi RA, Martins CC. Ecological risk assessment of sedimentary hydrocarbons in a subtropical estuary as tools to select priority areas for environmental management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 223:417-425. [PMID: 29945103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The concentration, distribution, and ecological risk of hydrocarbons, as well as bulk parameters, were determined in surface sediments of the Babitonga Bay, a subtropical human-impacted estuary in South Atlantic. Total aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) ranged between 0.8 and 201.2 μg g-1 and from 8.7 to 5489 ng g-1, respectively. Saguaçú Lagoon, the region near the ferry boat and the vicinity of São Francisco harbour (SFH), presented high hydrocarbon concentrations. Despite the low accumulation trend in this region, the SFH and city may act as a punctual hydrocarbon source. The inner portion of the estuary had the finest sediment grains and the highest concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur, indicating its importance as a depositional and cumulative area. The occurrence of unresolved complex mixture suggested chronic oil contamination. Petrogenic (based on the high percentage of alkylated PAHs) and pyrolytic (according to the diagnostic ratios of PAH isomer pairs) sources were confirmed. Ecological risk assessment was evaluated by the risk quotient (RQ). All samples had at least one priority PAH present at above the negligible concentration, including naphthalene, which was observed in all samples. Only the sites near the ferry boat and at the Saguaçú Lagoon contained compounds with concentrations above their maximum permissible concentrations, while all other sampling sites are classified as "Low-risk." The spatial distribution of RQs coincides with PAHs distribution, indicating that the regions near SFH, ferry-boat, and the Saguaçú Lagoon should be considered to be priority areas when making environmental monitoring policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L L Dauner
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos (PGSISCO), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - Thais H Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos (PGSISCO), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda K Ishii
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruno G Libardoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos (PGSISCO), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael A Parizzi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos (PGSISCO), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - César C Martins
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos (PGSISCO), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil.
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