Polimorfismo 3’UTR +62G>A del gen RETN codificante de resistina y asociación con componentes del síndrome metabólico

Association between Two Resistin Gene Polymorphisms and Metabolic Syndrome in Jilin, Northeast China: A Case-Control Study

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant health care problem worldwide and is characterized by increased fasting glucose and obesity. Resistin is a protein hormone produced both by adipocytes and immunocompetent cells, including those residing in adipose tissue, and is believed to modulate glucose tolerance and insulin action. This study examined the association of resistin gene polymorphisms, rs1862513 and rs3745368, and related haplotypes with the development of metabolic syndrome in a Han Chinese population. This case-control study was performed on 3792 subjects, including 1771 MetS cases and 2021 healthy controls from the Jilin province of China. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the relationship between gene polymorphism and MetS. Our results showed that there were no significant associations between MetS and the genotype distributions in four kinds of inheritance models, allele frequencies, and related haplotypes of resistin gene polymorphisms rs1862513 and rs3745368 (all p values > 0.05). Based on our study findings, we concluded that mutations in resistin genes are not associated with the presence of MetS in a Han Chinese population from Jilin province in China.

Association of +62 G>A Polymorphism in the Resistin Gene with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Thais: Case-Control Study

INTRODUCTION

Resistin gene (RETN) polymorphisms in humans may have a role in the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance. There is still lack of evidence on association between +62 G>A polymorphism in the RETN and T2DM among Thais.

AIM

To determine the effect of polymorphisms at +62 G>A of RETN on Thai T2DM.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This matched case control study was conducted with a total of 360 samples from all regions of Thailand (180 Thai new T2DM cases and 180 non-T2DM Thais for control) were enrolled. The RETN +62G>A polymorphism were detected using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Conditional logistic regression was performed to test the association between +62 G>A polymorphism and T2DM.

RESULTS

Among 360 samples that were enrolled, only 350 samples completed molecular analysis. It was found that GA+AA genotype frequencies in T2DM cases was higher than control by 16% (95% CI: 6.0%, 27.0%, p-value=0.002). After adjustments for possible confounders, multivariable analyses by conditional logistic regression showed that the RETN+62 G>A polymorphism was statistically associated with Thai T2DM (OR_adjusted =1.84, 95% CI: 1.03, 3.31, p-value=0.04). Other factors such as; low educational attainment (OR_adjusted=3.87, 95%CI: 1.60, 9.36), hypertension (OR_adjusted=3.07, 95%CI: 1.56, 6.04), had both obese father and mother (OR_adjusted=1.94, 95%CI: 1.06, 3.56) and triglyceride≥150 (OR_adjusted=2.18, 95% CI: 1.18, 4.02) were statistically associated with Thai T2DM (p-value<0.05). While regular consumption of glutinous rice was found to be a protective factor (OR_adjusted=0.29, 95%CI: 0.13, 0.64).

CONCLUSION

These findings suggest that RETN polymorphism at position +62 G>A may increase the susceptibility to T2DM in Thais.

Adipokine Gene Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Portuguese Obese Adolescents: Associations with Plasma Concentrations of Adiponectin, Resistin, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α

BACKGROUND

The genetic contribution to obesity and to circulating adipokine levels has not been completely clarified. We aimed to evaluate adipokine genes' single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) prevalence and its association with circulating adipokine levels and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in an obese Portuguese pediatric population.

METHODS

Two hundred forty-eight obese adolescents (mean age 13.4 years old; 47.2% females) participated in a cohort study. We screened 12 SNPs by direct sequencing in five adipokine genes: adiponectin (ADIPOQ: rs16861194, rs17300539, rs266729, rs2241766, rs1501299), interleukin-1β (IL-1β; rs1143627), IL-6 (IL-6; rs1800795), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; rs1800629), and resistin (RETN; rs1862513, rs3219177, rs3745367, rs3745368). Biochemical analysis included determination of circulating adipokines, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, lipid profile, and markers of insulin resistance.

RESULTS

Compared to males, females presented higher circulating levels of insulin, adiponectin, IL-6, resistin, and leptin concentrations, but lower TNF-α levels. No statistically significant differences were found for genotype or allelic distributions between genders. In the whole sample population, adiponectin levels were influenced by ADIPOQ rs17300539 (c.-1138G>A; lower in subjects with GG genotype). When only males were considered, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were associated with ADIPOQ rs1501299 (c.214 + 62G>T; higher in GG subjects). TNF-α concentrations were modulated by TNF-α rs1800629 (c.-488G>A; lower in GG males), RETN rs1862513 (c.-216C>G; higher in CC subjects), and RETN rs3219177 (c.118 + 39C>T; higher in CC subjects). Leptin levels were influenced by IL-1β rs1143627 (c.-118C>T) presenting TT individuals' lower levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Our data demonstrate that in pediatric obese patients, some adipokine gene SNPs have an association with circulating adipokine levels and lipid profile.

Single nucleotide polymorphism-single nucleotide polymorphism interactions among inflammation genes in the genetic architecture of blood pressure in the Framingham Heart Study

BACKGROUND

Hypertension is a major global health burden, but, although systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) each have estimated heritability of at least 30%, <3% of their variance has been attributed to particular genetic variants. Few studies have shown interactions between pairs of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to be associated with BP. Although many studies use a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing to control type I error, thereby potentially reducing power, false discovery rate (FDR) approaches are also used in genome-wide studies. Renal ion balance genes have been associated with BP regulation, but, although inflammation has been studied in connection with BP, few studies have reported associations between inflammation genes and BP.

METHODS

We analyzed SNP-SNP interactions among 31 SNPs from genes involved in renal ion balance and 30 SNPs from genes involved in inflammation using data from the Framingham Heart Study.

RESULTS

No evidence of association was found for interactions among renal ion balance SNPs for either systolic or diastolic BP. A group of 3 interactions involving 6 inflammation genes (IKBKB-NFKBIA, IKBKE-CHUK, and ADIPOR2-RETN) showed evidence of association with diastolic BP with an FDR of 4.2%; no single interaction reached experiment-wide significance.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified promising and biologically plausible candidates for interactions between inflammation genes that may be associated with DBP. Analysis using the FDR may allow detection of signals in the presence of modest noise (false positives) that a stringent approach based on Bonferroni-corrected P value thresholds may miss.