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Bhat S, Kattoor JJ, Sircar S, VinodhKumar OR, Thomas P, Ghosh S, Malik YS. Detection and Molecular Characterization of Porcine Teschoviruses in India: Identification of New Genotypes. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:963-972. [PMID: 39282184 PMCID: PMC11399526 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine Teschoviruses (PTVs) are ubiquitous enteric viral pathogens that infect pigs and wild boars worldwide. PTVs have been responsible for causing the severe clinical disease (Teschen disease) to asymptomatic infections. However, to date, limited information is available on large-scale epidemiological data and molecular characterization of PTVs in several countries. In this study, we report epidemiological data on PTVs based on screening of 534 porcine fecal samples from different states of India and a RT-PCR based detection of PTVs shows a percent positivity of 8.24% (44/534). The PTV prevalence varied among different regions of the country with the highest detection rates observed in the state of Karnataka (38.1%). Phylogenetic analysis based on VP1 gene reveals the presence of PTV genotype 6 and 13 along with some unassigned novel genotypes which did not cluster with any of the established PTV genotypes (PTV 1-PTV 13). Indian PTV 6 strains are genetically closest to the Spanish strains (85.7-94.4%) whereas PTV 13 and novel genotype strains were found to be more similar to the Chinese strains (88.1-99.1%). Using recombination detection software, no Indian PTVs found to be recombinant on VP1 gene and selection pressure analysis revealed the purifying selection in the several sites of the VP1 gene of PTVs. The Bayesian analysis of Indian PTVs shows 1.16 × 10-4 substitution/site/year as the mean evolutionary rate. Further, isolation of the novel PTV strains from India and more detailed investigation much needed to know the evolutionary history of PTV strains circulating in porcine populations in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Bhat
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, 243 122 India
| | - Jobin Jose Kattoor
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, 243 122 India
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Shubhankar Sircar
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, 243 122 India
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - O R VinodhKumar
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, 243 122 India
| | - Prasad Thomas
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, 243 122 India
| | - Souvik Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. 334, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Yashpal Singh Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, 243 122 India
- College of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141001 India
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Hao C, Ren H, Wu X, Shu X, Li Z, Hu Y, Zeng Q, Zhang Y, Zu S, Yuan J, Zhang H, Hu H. Preparation of monoclonal antibody and identification of two novel B cell epitopes to VP1 protein of porcine sapelovirus. Vet Microbiol 2022; 275:109593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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3
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Stamelou E, Giantsis IA, Papageorgiou KV, Petridou E, Davidson I, Polizopοulou ZS, Papa A, Kritas SK. Epidemiology of Astrovirus, Norovirus and Sapovirus in Greek pig farms indicates high prevalence of Mamastrovirus suggesting the potential need for systematic surveillance. Porcine Health Manag 2022; 8:5. [PMID: 35000615 PMCID: PMC8744241 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-021-00245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Backround Astrovirus, Norovirus and Sapovirus exhibit a wide distribution in swine pig herds worldwide. However, the association of porcine Astrovirus (PAstV), porcine Norovirus (PoNoV) and porcine Sapovirus (PoSaV) with disease in pigs remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of PAstV, PoNoV and PoSaV in Greek pig farms using both conventional RT-PCR and SYBR-Green Real-time RT-PCR in an effort to compare the sensitivity of the two methods. We examined 1400 stool samples of asymptomatic pigs originating from 28 swine farms throughout Greece in pools of five. Results PAstV was detected in all 28 swine farms examined, with an overall prevalence of 267/280 positive pools (95.4%). Porcine Caliciviruses prevalence was found at 36 and 57 out of the 280 examined samples, by the conventional and SYBR-Green Real time RT-PCR, respectively. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the positive samples revealed that the detected PAstV sequences are clustered within PAstV1, 3 and 4 lineages, with PAstV3 being the predominant haplotype (91.2%). Interestingly, sequencing of the Calicivirus positive samples demonstrated the presence of non-target viruses, i.e. Sapovirus, Kobuvirus and Sapelovirus sequences and one sequence highly similar to bat Astrovirus, while no Norovirus sequence was detected. Conclusions The high prevalence of PAstV in Greek pig farms poses a necessity for further investigation of the pathogenicity of this virus and its inclusion in surveillance programs in case that it proves to be important. To our knowledge, this is the first epidemiological study of these viruses in pig farms in Greece. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40813-021-00245-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Stamelou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis A Giantsis
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, 53100, Florina, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos V Papageorgiou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evanthia Petridou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Irit Davidson
- Kimron Veterinary Institute, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Zoe S Polizopοulou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna Papa
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Spyridon K Kritas
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Exploring the Cause of Diarrhoea and Poor Growth in 8-11-Week-Old Pigs from an Australian Pig Herd Using Metagenomic Sequencing. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081608. [PMID: 34452472 PMCID: PMC8402840 DOI: 10.3390/v13081608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrhoea and poor growth among growing pigs is responsible for significant economic losses in pig herds globally and can have a wide range of possible aetiologies. Next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are useful for the detection and characterisation of diverse groups of viruses and bacteria and can thereby provide a better understanding of complex interactions among microorganisms potentially causing clinical disease. Here, we used a metagenomics approach to identify and characterise the possible pathogens in colon and lung samples from pigs with diarrhoea and poor growth in an Australian pig herd. We identified and characterized a wide diversity of porcine viruses including RNA viruses, in particular several picornaviruses—porcine sapelovirus (PSV), enterovirus G (EV-G), and porcine teschovirus (PTV), and a porcine astrovirus (PAstV). Single stranded DNA viruses were also detected and included parvoviruses like porcine bocavirus (PBoV) and porcine parvovirus 2 (PPV2), porcine parvovirus 7 (PPV7), porcine bufa virus (PBuV), and porcine adeno-associated virus (AAV). We also detected single stranded circular DNA viruses such as porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) at very low abundance and torque teno sus viruses (TTSuVk2a and TTSuVk2b). Some of the viruses detected here may have had an evolutionary past including recombination events, which may be of importance and potential involvement in clinical disease in the pigs. In addition, our metagenomics data found evidence of the presence of the bacteria Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira spp., and Campylobacter spp. that may, together with these viruses, have contributed to the development of clinical disease and poor growth.
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5
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Stäubli T, Rickli CI, Torgerson PR, Fraefel C, Lechmann J. Porcine teschovirus, sapelovirus, and enterovirus in Swiss pigs: multiplex RT-PCR investigation of viral frequencies and disease association. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021; 33:864-874. [PMID: 34151653 DOI: 10.1177/10406387211025827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine teschovirus (PTV), sapelovirus (PSV-A), and enterovirus (EV-G) are enteric viruses that can infect pigs and wild boars worldwide. The viruses have been associated with several diseases, primarily gastrointestinal, neurologic, reproductive, and respiratory disorders, but also with subclinical infections. However, for most serotypes, proof of a causal relationship between viral infection and clinical signs is still lacking. In Switzerland, there has been limited investigation of the occurrence of the 3 viruses. We used a modified multiplex reverse-transcription PCR protocol to study the distribution of the viruses in Swiss pigs by testing 363 fecal, brain, and placental or abortion samples from 282 healthy and diseased animals. We did not detect the 3 viruses in 94 placental or abortion samples or in 31 brain samples from healthy pigs. In brain tissue of 81 diseased pigs, we detected 5 PSV-A and 4 EV-G positive samples. In contrast, all 3 viruses were detected at high frequencies in fecal samples of both healthy and diseased pigs. In healthy animals, PTV was detected in 47%, PSV-A in 51%, and EV-G in 70% of the 76 samples; in diseased animals, frequencies in the 81 samples were 54%, 64%, and 68%, respectively. The viruses were detected more frequently in fecal samples from weaned and fattening pigs compared to suckling piglets and sows. Co-detections of all 3 viruses were the most common finding. Based on clinical and pathology data, statistical analysis yielded no evidence for an association of virus detection and disease. Further research is required to determine if pathogenicity is linked to specific serotypes of these viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Stäubli
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte I Rickli
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul R Torgerson
- Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornel Fraefel
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Lechmann
- Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Sawant PM, Atre N, Kulkarni A, Gopalkrishna V. Detection and molecular characterization of porcine enterovirus G15 and teschovirus from India. Pathog Dis 2021; 78:5874254. [PMID: 32691821 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaa039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine enterovirus G (EV-G) and teschovirus (PTV) generally cause asymptomatic infections. Although both viruses have been reported from various countries, they are rarely detected from India. To detect these viruses in Western India, fecal samples (n = 26) of diarrheic piglets aged below three months from private pig farms near Pune (Maharashtra) were collected. The samples were screened by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using conserved enterovirus specific primers from 5' untranslated region. For genetic characterization of detected EV-G strain, nearly complete genome, and for PTV, partial VP1 gene were sequenced. EV-G strain showed the highest identity in a VP1 gene at nucleotide (78.61%) and amino acid (88.65%) level with EV-G15, prototype strain. However, its complete genome was homologous with the nucleotide (78.38% identity) and amino acid (91.24% identity) level to Ishi-Ka2 strain (LC316832), unassigned EV-G genotype detected from Japan. The nearly complete genome of EV-G15 consisted of 7398 nucleotides excluding the poly(A) tail and has an open reading frame that encodes a 2170 amino acid polyprotein. Genetic analysis of the partial VP1 gene of teschovirus identified porcine teschovirus 4 (PTV-4) and putative PTV-17 genotype. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on nearly full genome characterization of EV-G15, and detection of PTV-4 and putative PTV-17 genotypes from India. Further, detection and characterization of porcine enteroviruses are needed for a comprehensive understanding of their genetic diversity and their association with symptomatic infections from other geographical regions of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Mahadev Sawant
- Enteric Virus Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nitin Atre
- Bioinformatics Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology (Pashan Campus), Pune 411021, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhijeet Kulkarni
- Bioinformatics Centre, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Varanasi Gopalkrishna
- Enteric Virus Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, Maharashtra, India
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7
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Ma H, Zhang M, Wu M, Ghonaim AH, Fan S, He Q. Isolation and genetic characteristics of a neurotropic teschovirus variant belonging to genotype 1 in northeast China. Arch Virol 2021; 166:1355-1370. [PMID: 33709216 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-04994-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Porcine teschovirus (PTV) is a causative agent of reproductive disorders, encephalomyelitis, respiratory diseases, and diarrhea in swine, with a worldwide distribution. In this work, we identified PTV-associated nonsuppurative encephalitis as a potential cause of posterior paralysis in neonatal pigs in northeast China. Using indirect immunofluorescence assay, western blot, electron microscopy, and genome sequencing, we identified a neurotropic PTV strain, named CHN-NP1-2016, in the supernatants of pooled cerebrum and cerebellum samples from an affected piglet. Nucleotide sequence alignment revealed that the whole genome of CHN-NP1-2016 shared the highest sequence similarity (86.76% identity) with PTV 1 strain Talfan. A combination of phylogenetic and genetic divergence analysis was applied based on the deduced amino acid sequence of the P1 gene with a cutoff value of the genetic distance (0.102 ± 0.008) for defining PTV genotypes, and this showed that CHN-NP1-2016 is a variant of genotype 1. In total, 16 unique mutations and five mutant clusters were detected in the capsid proteins VP1 and VP2 of CHN-NP1-2016 when compared to other PTV1 isolates. Importantly, we detected three mutant clusters located in the exposed surface loops of the capsid protein, potentially indicating significant differences in major neutralization epitopes. Moreover, a potential recombination event in the P1 region of PTV CHN-NP1-2016 was detected. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of recombination in the evolution of teschoviruses. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of PTV-1-associated encephalitis in northeast China. Future investigations will narrow on the serology and pathogenicity of this novel isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shi-zi-shan Street, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mengjia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shi-zi-shan Street, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Meizhou Wu
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ahmed H Ghonaim
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shengxian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qigai He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shi-zi-shan Street, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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8
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Tsai TH, Chang CY, Wang FI. A Highly Conserved Epitope (RNNQIPQDF) of Porcine teschovirus Induced a Group-Specific Antiserum: A Bioinformatics-Predicted Model with Pan-PTV Potential. Viruses 2020; 12:v12111225. [PMID: 33138189 PMCID: PMC7693897 DOI: 10.3390/v12111225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine teschovirus (PTV) is an OIE-listed pathogen with 13 known PTV serotypes. Heterologous PTV serotypes frequently co-circulate and co-infect with another swine pathogen, causing various symptoms in all age groups, thus highlighting the need for a pan-PTV diagnostic tool. Here, a recombinant protein composed of a highly conserved “RNNQIPQDF” epitope on the GH loop of VP1, predicted in silico, and a tandem repeat of this epitope carrying the pan DR (PADRE) and Toxin B epitopes was constructed to serve as a PTV detection tool. This recombinant GST-PADRE-(RNNQIPQDF)n-Toxin B protein was used as an immunogen, which effectively raised non-neutralizing or undetectable neutralizing antibodies against PTV in mice. The raised antiserum was reactive against all the PTV serotypes (PTV–1–7) tested, but not against members of the closely related genera Sapelovirus and Cardiovirus, and the unrelated virus controls. This potential pan-PTV diagnostic reagent may be used to differentiate naturally infected animals from vaccinated animals that have antibodies against a subunit vaccine that does not contain this epitope or to screen for PTV before further subtyping. To our knowledge, this is the first report that utilized in silico PTV epitope prediction to find a reagent broadly reactive to various PTV serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Hsuan Tsai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Yi Chang
- OIE Reference Expert for CSF, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, No. 376, Chung Cheng Road, Tansui, New Taipei City 25158, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.C.); (F.-I.W.); Fax: +886-2-2366-1475 (F.-I.W.)
| | - Fun-In Wang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.C.); (F.-I.W.); Fax: +886-2-2366-1475 (F.-I.W.)
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9
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Identification of novel genotypes belonging to the species Teschovirus A from indigenous pigs in western Jiangxi, China. Arch Virol 2020; 165:993-1001. [PMID: 32037488 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04525-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Teschovirus A is currently the sole species in the genus Teschovirus, whose members are divided into 13 subtypes: porcine teschovirus (PTV) 1-13. However, recent discoveries of novel PTV genotypes have suggested that a new species, "Teschovirus B", should be established. Here, we have identified six of the 19 known genotypes and two novel genotypes (PTV 17-18), revealing the high genetic diversity of the PTV subpopulation in indigenous pigs of western Jiangxi, China. Moreover, we determined the nearly complete genome sequences of PTV 17-SG9 and PTV 18-SG10. Together with PTV 1-13, these novel genotypes were confirmed to be members of the species Teschovirus A based on phylogenetic and genetic divergence analysis. Consequently, the species Teschovirus A now includes at least 15 PTV genotypes.
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10
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Ray PK, Desingu PA, Anoopraj R, Singh RK, Saikumar G. Identification and genotypic characterization of porcine teschovirus from selected pig populations in India. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 52:1161-1166. [PMID: 31820308 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-02114-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Porcine teschovirus (PTV) previously classified as porcine enteroviruses in the family Picornaviridae are associated with a wide range of illnesses in swine ranging from asymptomatic infection to acute fatal encephalomyelitis, diarrhea, and pneumonia. This study was planned to investigate whether porcine teschovirus is prevalent among pigs in India and to characterize the PTV identified in the study population. The study conducted in certain farms of North India revealed that 13 of 190 (6.84%) fecal samples were PTV positive by RT-PCR. Three viruses were successfully isolated from fecal samples using IB-RS-2 cell lines which were confirmed by RT-PCR and sequencing. Molecular characterization based on the VP1 region of the viral genome identified the isolated viruses as serotype 5 and serotype 8 of PTV. A new variant of teschovirus was also identified which showed significant nucleotide diversity from the known serotypes of the teschoviruses. This is the first report of isolation, identification, and characterization of porcine teschoviruses in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep K Ray
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, India.,Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P A Desingu
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Anoopraj
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R K Singh
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Saikumar
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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John JK, Das T, Sethi M, Kattoor J, Tomar N, Saikumar G. Epidemiological study of porcine teschovirus infection in pigs at Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1627645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. K. John
- Swine Disease Laboratory, Division of Pathology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - T. Das
- Swine Disease Laboratory, Division of Pathology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - M. Sethi
- Swine Disease Laboratory, Division of Pathology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - J.J. Kattoor
- Swine Disease Laboratory, Division of Pathology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - N. Tomar
- Swine Disease Laboratory, Division of Pathology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - G. Saikumar
- Swine Disease Laboratory, Division of Pathology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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12
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Yang T, Lu Y, Zhang L, Li X, Chang Y. Novel species of Teschovirus B comprises at least three distinct evolutionary genotypes. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 67:1015-1018. [PMID: 31657526 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conventionally, Porcine teschovirus (PTV) consists of 13 genotypes (PTV 1-13, which belong to Teschovirus A); however, several novel members including PTV 14-22 have been discovered recently. PTV 21 was identified as a novel Teschovirus species named Teschovirus B. In this study, almost all 22 reported PTV genotypes except PTV 6, 7, 12 and 20 were identified in the pig populations of western Jiangxi, China, which reflects the high genotype diversity. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, the nearly complete genome of PTV 22-JiangX1 was first sequenced in the present study. The homology comparison of the polyprotein genes showed that PTV 22-JiangX1 shared a relatively high nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence identities ranging from 78.3% to 82.0% and 84.6% to 89.3%, respectively, with PTV 19 and 21. Additionally, the PTV strain of JiangX1 represents genotype 22 with the PTV 19, and 21 strains proved to be members of Teschovirus B based on the phylogenetic and evolutionary divergence analyses. Finally, we determined that the novel Teschovirus B species comprises at least three PTV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Resource Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Yingmei Lu
- College of Life Sciences and Resource Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Lingqian Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Resource Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- College of Life Sciences and Resource Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- College of Life Sciences and Resource Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, China
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13
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The Effect of Sample Bias and Experimental Artefacts on the Statistical Phylogenetic Analysis of Picornaviruses. Viruses 2019; 11:v11111032. [PMID: 31698764 PMCID: PMC6893659 DOI: 10.3390/v11111032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Statistical phylogenetic methods are a powerful tool for inferring the evolutionary history of viruses through time and space. The selection of mathematical models and analysis parameters has a major impact on the outcome, and has been relatively well-described in the literature. The preparation of a sequence dataset is less formalized, but its impact can be even more profound. This article used simulated datasets of enterovirus sequences to evaluate the effect of sample bias on picornavirus phylogenetic studies. Possible approaches to the reduction of large datasets and their potential for introducing additional artefacts were demonstrated. The most consistent results were obtained using “smart sampling”, which reduced sequence subsets from large studies more than those from smaller ones in order to preserve the rare sequences in a dataset. The effect of sequences with technical or annotation errors in the Bayesian framework was also analyzed. Sequences with about 0.5% sequencing errors or incorrect isolation dates altered by just 5 years could be detected by various approaches, but the efficiency of identification depended upon sequence position in a phylogenetic tree. Even a single erroneous sequence could profoundly destabilize the whole analysis by increasing the variance of the inferred evolutionary parameters.
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14
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Transcriptome reveals the gene expression patterns of sulforaphane metabolism in broccoli florets. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213902. [PMID: 30908527 PMCID: PMC6433254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane is a new and effective anti-cancer component that is abundant in broccoli. In the past few years, the patterns of variability in glucosinolate content and its regulation in A. thaliana have been described in detail. However, the diversity of glucosinolate and sulforaphane contents in different organs during vegetative and reproductive stages has not been clearly explained. In this paper, we firstly investigated the transcriptome profiles of the developing buds and leaves at bolting stage of broccoli (B52) to further assess the gene expression patterns involved in sulforaphane synthesis. The CYP79F1 gene, as well as nine other genes related to glucorahpanin biosynthesis, MAM1, MAM3, St5b-2, FMO GS-OX1, MY, AOP2, AOP3, ESP and ESM1 were selected by digital gene expression analysis and were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Meanwhile, the compositions of glucosinolates and sulforaphane were detected for correlation analysis with related genes. Finally the RNA sequencing libraries generated 147 957 344 clean reads, and 8 539 unigene assemblies were produced. In digital result, only CYP79F1, in the glucoraphanin pathway, was up-regulated in young buds but absent from the other organs, which was consistent with the highest level of sulforaphane content being in this organ compared to mature buds, buds one day before flowering, flowers and leaves. The sequencing results also presented that auxin and cytokinin might affect glucoraphanin accumulation. The study revealed that up-regulated expression of CYP79F1 plays a fundamental and direct role in sulforaphane production in inflorescences. Two genes of MAM1 and St5b-2 could up-regulated glucoraphanin generation. Synergistic expression of MAM1, MAM3, St5b-2, FMO GS-OX1, MY, ESP and ESM1 was found in sulforaphane metabolism. This study will be beneficial for understanding the diversity of sulforaphane in broccoli organs.
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15
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Oba M, Naoi Y, Ito M, Masuda T, Katayama Y, Sakaguchi S, Omatsu T, Furuya T, Yamasato H, Sunaga F, Makino S, Mizutani T, Nagai M. Metagenomic identification and sequence analysis of a Teschovirus A-related virus in porcine feces in Japan, 2014-2016. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 66:210-216. [PMID: 30316885 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Porcine Teschoviruses (PTVs) are associated with polioencephalomyelitis and various diseases, including reproductive and gastrointestinal disorders, of pigs and wild boars, and are also detected in the feces of healthy pigs. The genus Teschovirus contains a single species Teschovirus A that currently includes 13 serotypes. In the present study, we identified novel PTVs that are distantly related to Teschovirus A and were found in fecal samples of pigs with or without diarrhea in Japan. Phylogenetic analysis of amino acid (aa) sequences of the complete coding region revealed that these newly identified viruses did not cluster with any strains of PTVs or other strains within the picornavirus supergroup 1, suggesting that the viruses may not belong to Teschovirus A or any genus of the family Picornaviridae. These novel PTVs share a type IV internal ribosomal entry site and conserved characteristic motifs in the coding region, yet exhibit 62.2-79.0%, 86.6-92.8%, 77.1-81.0%, and 84.3-86.7% aa identities to PTV strains in P1, 2C, 3C, and 3D regions, respectively. In contrast, PTV 1-13 strains of the Teschovirus A share 76.5-92.1%, 88.1-99.7%, 93.2-100%, and 95.8-100% aa identities in the P1, 2C, 3C, and 3D, respectively, within the species. These data imply that the newly identified viruses belong to teschoviruses, and may represent a novel species in the genus Teschovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Oba
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yuki Naoi
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mika Ito
- Ishikawa Nanbu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-3101, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Masuda
- Kurayoshi Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kurayoshi, Tottori 683-0017, Japan
| | - Yukie Katayama
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shoichi Sakaguchi
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Omatsu
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Furuya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamasato
- Kurayoshi Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kurayoshi, Tottori 683-0017, Japan
| | - Fujiko Sunaga
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Shinji Makino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, United States
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Makoto Nagai
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
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16
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Yang T, Li R, Yao Q, Zhou X, Liao H, Ge M, Yu X. Prevalence of Porcine teschovirus genotypes in Hunan, China: identification of novel viral species and genotypes. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:1261-1267. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Yang
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
- 2College of Life Sciences and Resource Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, PR China
| | - Runcheng Li
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
| | - Qing Yao
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Zhou
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
| | - Huayuan Liao
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
| | - Meng Ge
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
| | - Xinglong Yu
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
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17
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Chen M, Tang W, Hua X. Molecular characterization of a porcine teschovirus HuN-1 isolate proliferating in PK-15 cell. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:142. [PMID: 29703202 PMCID: PMC5921989 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1456-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine teschoviruses (PTVs) are small non-enveloped viruses with single-stranded, positive sense genomic RNA, belonging to the family Picornaviridae. Natural infections of teschoviruses are limited to pigs. RESULTS In this study, a PTV HuN-1 was found that it could be proliferated in PK-15 cell, and it came from the pig fecal samples from Hunan province, in central China. The complete genome of the HuN-1 was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. The complete genome of HuN-1 isolate is 7098 nt, which shares the highest sequence identity (85.9%) with the PTV 8 strain of Jilin/2003/2 and Fuyu/2009/2. The HuN-1 isolate contains only one ORF (from 320 to 7039 nt) coding a 2240 amino acid polyprotein. Aligned sequences show that more mutations occurred in the structural region than in the nonstructural region. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HuN-1 isolate did not clustered with the hitherto reported strains, according to P1 sequences, forming a subgroup in the PTV cluster. CONCLUSION In this study, complete genome of PTV HuN-1 was cloned and sequenced. Detection and characterization of further PTV strains from different geographic areas are important to understand the worldwide distribution and heterogeneity (serotype) of PTVs and their association with symptomatic infections in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Library, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, 425199 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuguo Hua
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
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18
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Possatti F, Headley SA, Leme RA, Dall Agnol AM, Zotti E, de Oliveira TES, Alfieri AF, Alfieri AA. Viruses associated with congenital tremor and high lethality in piglets. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:331-337. [PMID: 29322653 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The recently described atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) has been associated with congenital tremor (CT) type A-II in piglets in different countries. Another important neurological pathogen of pigs is porcine teschovirus (PTV), which has been associated with non-suppurative encephalomyelitis in pigs with severe or mild neurological disorders. There have been no reports of APPV and/or PTV coinfection associated with CT or encephalomyelitis in Brazilian pig herds. The aim of this study was to describe the pathological and molecular findings associated with simultaneous infection of APPV and PTV in piglets with clinical manifestations of CT that were derived from a herd with high rates of CT-associated lethality. In 2017, three piglets from the same litter with CT died spontaneously. The principal pathological alterations in all piglets were secondary demyelination and hypomyelination at the cerebellum, brainstem and spinal cord confirmed by histopathology and luxol fast blue-cresyl violet stain. Additional significant pathological findings included multifocal neuronal necrosis, neuronophagia and gliosis found in the cerebral cortex and spinal cord of all piglets, while atrophic enteritis and mesocolonic oedema were observed in some of them. APPV and PTV RNA were detected in the central nervous system of affected piglets, and PTV was also detected in the intestine and faeces. The pathological alterations and molecular findings together suggest a dual infection due to APPV and PTV at this farm. Moreover, the combined effects of these pathogens can be attributed to the elevated piglet mortality, as coinfections involving PTV have a synergistic effect on the affected animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Possatti
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - S A Headley
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Tissue Processing Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - R A Leme
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A M Dall Agnol
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - E Zotti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Toledo, Paraná, Brazil
| | - T E S de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A F Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A A Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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19
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Carnero J, Prieto C, Polledo L, Martínez-Lobo FJ. Detection of Teschovirus type 13 from two swine herds exhibiting nervous clinical signs in growing pigs. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 65:e489-e493. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Prieto
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - L. Polledo
- Micros Veterinaria; Veterinary Pathology Service; University of Leon; León Spain
| | - F. J. Martínez-Lobo
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal; Facultad de Veterinaria; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
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20
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Goecke NB, Hjulsager CK, Kongsted H, Boye M, Rasmussen S, Granberg F, Fischer TK, Midgley SE, Rasmussen LD, Angen Ø, Nielsen JP, Jorsal SE, Larsen LE. No evidence of enteric viral involvement in the new neonatal porcine diarrhoea syndrome in Danish pigs. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:315. [PMID: 29115952 PMCID: PMC5678564 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1239-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate whether the syndrome New Neonatal Porcine Diarrhoea Syndrome (NNPDS) is associated with a viral aetiology. Four well-managed herds experiencing neonatal diarrhoea and suspected to be affected by NNPDS were included in a case-control set up. A total of 989 piglets were clinically examined on a daily basis. Samples from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic piglets at the age of three to seven days were selected for extensive virological examination using specific real time polymerase chain reactions (qPCRs) and general virus detection methods. RESULTS A total of 91.7% of the animals tested positive by reverse transcription qPCR (RT-qPCR) for porcine kobuvirus 1 (PKV-1) while 9% and 3% were found to be positive for rotavirus A and porcine teschovirus (PTV), respectively. The overall prevalence of porcine astrovirus (PAstV) was 75% with 69.8% of the PAstV positive pigs infected with PAstV type 3. No animals tested positive for rotavirus C, coronavirus (TGEV, PEDV and PRCV), sapovirus, enterovirus, parechovirus, saffoldvirus, cosavirus, klassevirus or porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). Microarray analyses performed on a total of 18 animals were all negative, as were eight animals examined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Using Next Generation de novo sequencing (de novo NGS) on pools of samples from case animals within all herds, PKV-1 was detected in four herds and rotavirus A, rotavirus C and PTV were detected in one herd each. CONCLUSIONS Our detailed analyses of piglets from NNPDS-affected herds demonstrated that viruses did not pose a significant contribution to NNPDS. However, further investigations are needed to investigate if a systemic virus infection plays a role in the pathogenesis of NNPDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- N B Goecke
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark.
| | - C K Hjulsager
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark
| | - H Kongsted
- Pig Research Centre, Danish Agriculture and Food Council, Vinkelvej 13, DK-8620, Kjellerup, Denmark
| | - M Boye
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Gronnegaardsvej 15, DK-1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - S Rasmussen
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark
| | - F Granberg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (BVF), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - T K Fischer
- Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, Copenhagen S, DK-2300, Denmark
| | - S E Midgley
- Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, Copenhagen S, DK-2300, Denmark
| | - L D Rasmussen
- Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, Copenhagen S, DK-2300, Denmark.,National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lindholm, Kalvehave, DK-4771, Denmark
| | - Ø Angen
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark.,Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, Copenhagen S, DK-2300, Denmark
| | - J P Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Gronnegaardsvej 15, DK-1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - S E Jorsal
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark
| | - L E Larsen
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark
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21
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Yang T, Yu X, Luo B, Yan M, Li R, Qu T, Ren X. Epidemiology and molecular characterization of Porcine teschovirus in Hunan, China. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 65:480-490. [PMID: 29034572 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Porcine teschoviruses (PTVs) have been shown to be widely distributed in pig populations. In this study, 261 faecal and 91 intestinal content samples collected from pigs at 29 farms in Hunan, China, were tested for the presence of PTV by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). An overall PTV-positivity rate of 19.03% was detected by RT-PCR, and a high PTV infection rate was circulating in asymptomatic fattening and nursery pigs. In total, 40 PTV isolates (PTV-HuNs) were obtained. Alignment of their coding sequences with those of other known PTVs revealed that the genomic sequence of the polyprotein contains 6,606-6,621 nucleotides, encoding a 2,202-2,207-amino acid sequence. Phylogenetic analyses based on the VP1 gene and capsid protein gene exhibited 13 main lineages corresponding to PTV serotypes 1-13, and seven PTV serotypes (PTV 2-6, 9, and 11) were identified in the isolates obtained in our study; this is the first report of PTV 5, 9 and 11 in China. Recombination analysis among the PTV-HuNs indicated that nine recombination events have occurred, including both inter- and intraserotype events. In addition, results demonstrated that only limited positive selection is acting on the global population of PTV isolates, and purifying selection is predominant. In conclusion, this study revealed a high infection rate of PTVs circulating in asymptomatic fattening and nursery pigs. The 40 PTV-HuNs showed high genetic diversity, and genetic analysis of all available PTV sequences revealed that strong purifying selection and recombination play important roles in the genetic diversity and evolution of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - X Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - B Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - M Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - R Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - T Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - X Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Development of Polioencephalomyelitis in Cesarean-Derived Colostrum-Deprived Pigs Following Experimental Inoculation with Either Teschovirus A Serotype 2 or Serotype 11. Viruses 2017; 9:v9070179. [PMID: 28698455 PMCID: PMC5537671 DOI: 10.3390/v9070179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Teschovirus encephalomyelitis is a sporadic disease associated with Teschovirus A (PTV) serotype 1 and, less frequently, other serotypes. In recent years, the number of cases submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory with a history of posterior paresis has increased. Submission histories from various regions of the United States suggest a trend for clinical disease to persist in herds and affect a wider age-range of pigs than historically reported. Polioencephalitis and/or myelitis was consistently present and PTV was detected in affected neural tissue by PCR in a portion of cases. Sequencing from two clinical cases identified PTV-2 and PTV-11. To assess neuropathogenicity of these isolates, 5-week-old cesarean derived and colostrum-deprived pigs were assigned to three groups: negative control (n = 4), PTV-2-inoculated (n = 7), and PTV-11-inoculated (n = 7). Three PTV-2-inoculated pigs developed mild incoordination of the hind limbs, one of which progressed to posterior ataxia. While all PTV-11-inoculated pigs showed severe neurological signs consistent with Teschovirus encephalomyelitis, no evidences of neurological signs were observed in sham-inoculated animals. All PTV-2- and PTV-11-inoculated pigs had microscopic lesions consistent with Teschovirus encephalomyelitis. To our knowledge, this is the first description of PTV-11 and experimental study demonstrating the neuropathogenicity of PTV-11 in the United States.
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Cano-Gómez C, Fernández-Pinero J, García-Casado MA, Zell R, Jiménez-Clavero MA. Characterization of PTV-12, a newly described porcine teschovirus serotype: in vivo infection and cross-protection studies. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:1636-1645. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cano-Gómez
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA)-INIA, Ctra Algete-El Casar s/n, 28130 Valdeolmos, Spain
| | - Jovita Fernández-Pinero
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA)-INIA, Ctra Algete-El Casar s/n, 28130 Valdeolmos, Spain
| | - María Ana García-Casado
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA)-INIA, Ctra Algete-El Casar s/n, 28130 Valdeolmos, Spain
| | - Roland Zell
- Department for Virology and Antiviral Therapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Hans-Knoell-Str 2, 07745 Jena, Germany
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Complete Coding Genome Sequence of a Putative Novel Teschovirus Serotype 12 Strain. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/2/e00107-16. [PMID: 26966207 PMCID: PMC4786663 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00107-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Porcine teschoviruses are ubiquitous and prevalent viruses generally harmless to their hosts, the suids. Here, we report the first complete coding genome sequence of a putative new serotype of porcine teschovirus (PTV-12), strain CC25, isolated from fecal material from a healthy pig in Spain.
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25
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Analysis of full-length genomes of porcine teschovirus (PTV) and the effect of purifying selection on phylogenetic trees. Arch Virol 2016; 161:1199-208. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Tsai ATH, Kuo CC, Kuo YC, Yang JL, Chang CY, Wang FI. The urinary shedding of porcine teschovirus in endemic field situations. Vet Microbiol 2016; 182:150-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Donin DG, Leme RDA, Alfieri AF, Alberton GC, Alfieri AA. Molecular survey of porcine teschovirus, porcine sapelovirus, and enterovirus G in captive wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa) of Paraná state, Brazil. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2015000500003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPorcine teschovirus (PTV), porcine sapelovirus (PSV), and enterovirus G (EV-G) are infectious agents specific to pig host species that are endemically spread worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the natural infection by these porcine enteric picornaviruses in wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa) of Paraná state, Brazil, and to evaluate peccaries (Pecari tajacu and Tayassu pecari) as alternative host species for these viruses. Fecal samples (n=36) from asymptomatic wild boars (n=22) with ages ranging from 2 to 7 months old (young, n=14) and 2 to 4 years old (adult, n=8) and from peccaries (6 to 8 months old, n=14) were collected from a farm and a zoo, respectively, both located in Paraná state. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested-PCR (n-PCR) assays targeting the 5'non-translated region of the virus genome were used for screening the viruses. Porcine enteric picornaviruses were detected in 12 out of the 22 wild boar fecal samples. According to each of the viruses, EV-G was most frequently (11/22, 50%) detected, followed by PTV (10/22, 45.5%) and PSV (4/22, 18.2%). Regarding the age groups, young wild boars were more frequently (9/14, 64.3%) infected with PTV, PSV, and EV-G than adult animals (3/8, 37.4%). One n-PCR amplified product for each of the viruses was submitted to sequencing analysis and the nucleotide sequences were compared with the related viruses, which showed similarities varying from 97.7% to 100% for PTV, 92.4% to 96.2% for PSV, and 87.1% to 100% for EV-G. Peccaries tested negative for the viruses and in this study they did not represent infection reservoirs. This study is the first to report the molecular detection of PTV, PSV, and EV-G from captive wild boars in a South American country and the first to screen peccaries as alternative host species for porcine enteric picornavirus.
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Sun H, Gao H, Chen M, Lan D, Hua X, Wang C, Yuan C, Yang Z, Cui L. New serotypes of porcine teschovirus identified in Shanghai, China. Arch Virol 2015; 160:831-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Krog J, Larsen L, Schultz A. Enteric porcine viruses in farmed shellfish in Denmark. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 186:105-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Wen XJ, Cheng AC, Wang MS, Jia RY, Zhu DK, Chen S, Liu MF, Liu F, Chen XY. Detection, differentiation, and VP1 sequencing of duck hepatitis A virus type 1 and type 3 by a 1-step duplex reverse-transcription PCR assay. Poult Sci 2014; 93:2184-92. [PMID: 25012848 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2014-04024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) is an infectious pathogen causing fatal duck viral hepatitis in ducklings. Although both the inactivated vaccines and live attenuated vaccines have been used to protect ducklings, DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 still cause significant serious damage to the duck industry in China and South Korea. For rapid detection, differentiation, and epidemic investigation of DHAV in China, a genotype-specific 1-step duplex reverse-transcription (RT) PCR assay was established in this study. The sensitivity and specificity of the developed RT-PCR assay was evaluated with nucleic acids extracted from 2 DHAV reference strains, and 9 other infectious viruses and bacteria. The genotype-specific primers amplified different size DNA fragments encompassing the complete VP1 gene of the DHAV-1 or DHAV-3. The assay detected the liver samples collected from experimentally infected ducklings and dead ducklings collected from different regions of China. Sequence analysis of these DNA fragments indicated that VP1 sequences of DHAV-1 can be used to distinguish wild type and vaccine strains. The phylogenetic analysis of VP1 sequences indicated that the developed RT-PCR assay can be used for epidemic investigation of DHAV-1 and DHAV-3. The developed RT-PCR assay can be used as a specific molecular tool for simultaneous detection, differentiation, and sequencing the VP1 gene of DHAV-1 and DHAV-3, which can be used for understanding the epidemiology and evolution of DHAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Wen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - A C Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 46# Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, P. R. China
| | - M S Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 46# Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, P. R. China
| | - R Y Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 46# Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, P. R. China
| | - D K Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 46# Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, P. R. China
| | - S Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 46# Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, P. R. China
| | - M F Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 46# Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, P. R. China
| | - F Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - X Y Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu city, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
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Donin DG, de Arruda Leme R, Alfieri AF, Alberton GC, Alfieri AA. First report of Porcine teschovirus (PTV), Porcine sapelovirus (PSV) and Enterovirus G (EV-G) in pig herds of Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2013; 46:523-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-013-0523-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Multiple models of porcine teschovirus pathogenesis in endemically infected pigs. Vet Microbiol 2013; 168:69-77. [PMID: 24268804 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Porcine teschoviruses (PTVs) belong to the genus Teschovirus within the family Picornaviridae. PTVs are universal contaminants in pig herds in endemic and multi-infection status. To further the understanding of PTV pathogenesis in endemically infected pigs, a set of samples was studied by real time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) to quantitate viral loads in tissues and by in situ hybridization (ISH) to locate PTV signals in target cells, both targeting the 5'-NTR. cRNA of PTV-1 and PTV-7, in vitro transcribed from cloned fragments of 5'-NTR of 2 viruses, was used to construct standard curves and to run parallel in qRT-PCR, which had detection limits of 10(1) copies/per reaction, with a linearity in between 10(1) and 10(7) copies/per reaction and correlation coefficients of 0.997-0.9988. The qRT-PCR specifically amplified RNA from PTV-1 to -11, while excluding those of Sapelovirus, PEV-9 and PEV-10. Inguinal lymph node (LN) had the highest viral load of all (assuming 100%), followed by ileac LN (89-91%), tonsil (66-68%), ileum (59-60%), spleen (38-40%), and kidney (30-31%), with the least in brain (22.9%) of the inguinal LN. The 22.9% load in brain was higher than that anticipated from a simple fecal-oral-viremia operative model. The results suggested in addition that intranasal infection and retrograding axonal infection from the tonsils were equally operative and significant. ISH revealed PTV signals in a wider variety of tissue cell types than before. PTV signals were noted most impressively in neurons of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and in the dark zone of the germinal center and adjacent paracortex of regional LN. Multiple operative models indicated that PTVs seemed to have no difficulty invading the brain. The key to whether encephalitis would ensue resided in the animal's immune status and topographic differences of neurons' susceptibilities to PTVs. When common co-infected agents are present, as is typical in the field, PTVs may synergize in causing diseases.
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Cano-Gómez C, García-Casado MA, Soriguer R, Palero F, Jiménez-Clavero MA. Teschoviruses and sapeloviruses in faecal samples from wild boar in Spain. Vet Microbiol 2013; 165:115-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Chiu SC, Hu SC, Chang CC, Chang CY, Huang CC, Pang VF, Wang FI. The role of porcine teschovirus in causing diseases in endemically infected pigs. Vet Microbiol 2012; 161:88-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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The survey of porcine teschoviruses in field samples in China with a universal rapid probe real-time RT-PCR assay. Trop Anim Health Prod 2012; 45:1057-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-012-0312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Prodělalová J. The survey of porcine teschoviruses, sapeloviruses and enteroviruses B infecting domestic pigs and wild boars in the Czech Republic between 2005 and 2011. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2012; 12:1447-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Boros Á, Nemes C, Pankovics P, Kapusinszky B, Delwart E, Reuter G. Porcine teschovirus in wild boars in Hungary. Arch Virol 2012; 157:1573-8. [PMID: 22569887 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The genus Teschovirus, family Picornaviridae, currently includes 12 serotypes (PTV 1 to 12) isolated from swine. PTVs have been well studied in domestic pigs, but knowledge about PTVs in wild boars is deficient. Here, we report the first complete PTV genome sequence from 7 (70 %) of 10 fecal samples of wild boar piglets (Sus scrofa) by RT-PCR and pyrosequencing. Analysis of the wild boar PTV strain WB2C-TV/2011/HUN (JQ429405) showed considerable difference, especially in VP1 (66-74 % amino acid identity) compared to the available PTVs. PTV is present in wild boars, and WB2C-TV/2011/HUN represents a novel PTV genotype, provisionally named PTV-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ákos Boros
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Szabadság út 7, 7623 Pécs, Hungary
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Boros A, Nemes C, Pankovics P, Bíró H, Kapusinszky B, Delwart E, Reuter G. Characterization of a novel porcine enterovirus in wild boars in Hungary. Arch Virol 2012; 157:981-6. [PMID: 22350652 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Porcine enteroviruses (PEVs) are members of the family Picornaviridae, genus Enterovirus. Until now, only three different PEV genotypes (PEV-9 and -10, and PEV-3H/PEV-14) have been detected in domestic pigs, and there is no information about the presence of PEVs in wild animals. Here, we identify and characterize the complete genomes of PEV originated from 5 of 10 (50%) of wild boar (Sus scrofa) piglets by RT-PCR and pyrosequencing. Wild boar/WBD/2011/HUN (JN807387) PEV showed only 67% amino acid identity in VP1 compared to the most closely related prototype PEV-3H/PEV-14. Wild boar enterovirus represents a novel PEV genotype, provisionally called PEV-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akos Boros
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Laboratory of Gastroenteric Viruses, ÁNTSZ Regional Institute of State Public Health Service, Szabadság út 7, Pecs 7623, Hungary
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