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Joseph J, Truong K, Lo SN, Foo F, Zaman S, Chow CK, Smith A. Impact of Biologic Therapy on Key Cardiovascular Risk Parameters in a Psoriatic Cohort-a Retrospective Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2024; 14:1337-1348. [PMID: 38664362 PMCID: PMC11116297 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-024-01154-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Biologic agents have revolutionised psoriatic skin control. This study aims to assess the change in cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of patients treated with 1 year of continuous biologic treatment. METHODS A retrospective medical record review was conducted of consecutive patients receiving biologic therapy for chronic plaque psoriasis in a single dermatology centre at a major tertiary hospital in Australia. The effect of biologic therapy on psoriasis was assessed using a psoriasis area severity index (PASI). Cardiovascular risk factors included systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), heart rate (HR) and body mass index (BMI). Measurements at baseline and 1-year follow-up were compared using paired t-tests. RESULTS A total of 106 patients were reviewed with a median age of 44 years, and 63% of the patients were male. At baseline, mean BMI was 30 (SD 7), mean SBP was 129 (SD 17), mean DBP was 81 (SD 9) and mean HR was 82 (SD 14). Over 12 months, the PASI was reduced from 17.4 (SD 8.5) to 1.4 (SD 1.7, p < 0.001) indicating skin improvement. There was no significant difference from baseline in SBP (difference 2.3 mmHg, 95% CI - 1.4-5.9), DBP (0.6 mmHg, 95% CI - 1.2-2.5), BMI (difference - 0.1 kg/m2, 95% CI - 0.9-0.7) or HR (difference 1.3, 95% CI - 3.9-6.4). CONCLUSION In patients with psoriasis, markers of cardiovascular disease risk did not improve after 1 year of biologic therapy despite significant improvements in psoriasis skin severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Joseph
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kelvin Truong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Serigne N Lo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona Foo
- Department of Cardiology, Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Zaman
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Clara K Chow
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Annika Smith
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Dermatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Smereczańska M, Domian N, Lewandowska A, Kasacka I. Comparative assessment of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin and cannabinoid receptors in the adrenals of hypertensive rats. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18376. [PMID: 38780511 PMCID: PMC11114211 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Taking into account homeostatic disorders resulting from arterial hypertension and the key importance of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin and endocannabinoids in the functioning of many organs, it was decided to assess the presence and distribution of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin, CB1 and CB2 in the adrenal glands of hypertensive rats of various aetiology. The study was conducted on the adrenal glands of rats with spontaneous and renovascular hypertension. The expression of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin, CB1 and CB2 was detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR method. The results of the present study revealed both lower gene expression and immunoreactivity of CacyBP/SIP in the adrenal glands of all hypertensive groups compared to the normotensive rats. This study demonstrated a reduction in the immunoreactivity and expression of the β-catenin, CB1 and CB2 genes in the adrenals of 2K1C rats. While in SHR, the reaction showing β-catenin and CB1 was very weak or negative, and the expression of CB2 in the adrenal glands of these rats increased. The results of this study show, for the first time, marked differences in the expression of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin and CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors in the adrenal glands of rats with primary (SHR) and secondary hypertension (2K1C).
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Male
- Rats
- Adrenal Glands/metabolism
- Adrenal Glands/pathology
- beta Catenin/metabolism
- beta Catenin/genetics
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension, Renovascular/metabolism
- Hypertension, Renovascular/genetics
- Hypertension, Renovascular/pathology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptors, Cannabinoid/metabolism
- Receptors, Cannabinoid/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Smereczańska
- Department of Histology and CytophysiologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Natalia Domian
- Department of Histology and CytophysiologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Alicja Lewandowska
- Department of Histology and CytophysiologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and CytophysiologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
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Conroy MC, Reeves GK, Allen NE. Multi-morbidity and its association with common cancer diagnoses: a UK Biobank prospective study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1300. [PMID: 37415095 PMCID: PMC10326925 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whilst multi-morbidity is known to be a concern in people with cancer, very little is known about the risk of cancer in multi-morbid patients. This study aims to investigate the risk of being diagnosed with lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer associated with multi-morbidity. METHODS We investigated the association between multi-morbidity and subsequent risk of cancer diagnosis in UK Biobank. Cox models were used to estimate the relative risks of each cancer of interest in multi-morbid participants, using the Cambridge Multimorbidity Score. The extent to which reverse causation, residual confounding and ascertainment bias may have impacted on the findings was robustly investigated. RESULTS Of the 436,990 participants included in the study who were cancer-free at baseline, 21.6% (99,965) were multi-morbid (≥ 2 diseases). Over a median follow-up time of 10.9 [IQR 10.0-11.7] years, 9,019 prostate, 7,994 breast, 5,241 colorectal, and 3,591 lung cancers were diagnosed. After exclusion of the first year of follow-up, there was no clear association between multi-morbidity and risk of colorectal, prostate or breast cancer diagnosis. Those with ≥ 4 diseases at recruitment had double the risk of a subsequent lung cancer diagnosis compared to those with no diseases (HR 2.00 [95% CI 1.70-2.35] p for trend < 0.001). These findings were robust to sensitivity analyses aimed at reducing the impact of reverse causation, residual confounding from known cancer risk factors and ascertainment bias. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with multi-morbidity are at an increased risk of lung cancer diagnosis. While this association did not appear to be due to common sources of bias in observational studies, further research is needed to understand what underlies this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C Conroy
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Gillian K Reeves
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Naomi E Allen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
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4
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Zhan Y, Jiao J, Jing W, Feng X, Tai B, Hu D, Lin HC, Wang B, Wang C, Zheng S, Liu X, Rong W, Wang W, Wang X, Si Y, Meng H. Association between periodontitis and hypertension: cross-sectional survey from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015-2016). BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068724. [PMID: 36972967 PMCID: PMC10069577 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between periodontitis severity and hypertension based on Chinese epidemiological data. DESIGN This cross-sectional survey enrolled adults from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015-2016). SETTING The data were obtained from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015-2016). PARTICIPANTS The study included individuals aged 35-44 years (n=4409), 55-64 years (n=4568) and 65-74 years (n=4218). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Periodontal status, defined on the basis of the 2017 classification scheme, and periodontal parameters (eg, bleeding on probing (BOP)) were compared between individuals with hypertension and individuals with normotension. Smoothed scatterplots were constructed to demonstrate the associations of periodontal parameters and periodontal status with hypertension. RESULTS Severe periodontitis (stages III and IV) was present in 41.4% of individuals with hypertension and 28.0% of individuals with normotension, respectively (p<0.001). The prevalence of severe periodontitis was higher in individuals with hypertension than that in individuals with normotension among participants aged 35-44 years (18.0% vs 10.1%, p<0.001) and 55-64 years (40.2% vs 36.7%, p=0.035), but not in participants aged 65-74 years (46.4% vs 45.1%, p=0.429). Therefore, the difference in periodontal status between individuals with hypertension and individuals with normotension decreased with age. There were higher prevalences of BOP, probing depth (PD) ≥4 mm and PD ≥6 mm in individuals with hypertension than in individuals with normotension (52.1% vs 49.2%, 19.6% vs 14.7% and 1.8% vs 1.1%, respectively). Periodontitis severity and the proportion of teeth with PD ≥4 or ≥6 mm were positively associated with hypertension. CONCLUSION Periodontitis is associated with hypertension in Chinese adults. Hypertension prevalence increased with periodontitis severity, particularly among young participants. Accordingly, it is necessary to improve the education, awareness of periodontal treatment and preventive management among individuals at risk of hypertension, particularly in the younger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Zhan
- First Clinical Division & Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Jiao
- First Clinical Division & Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wudi Jing
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiping Feng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojun Tai
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyu Hu
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Cai Lin
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- Chinese Stomatological Association, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuenan Liu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wensheng Rong
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Wang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Wang
- Chinese Stomatological Association, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Si
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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5
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Ghalandari H, Askarpour M, Setayesh L, Ghaedi E. Effect of plum supplementation on blood pressure, weight indices, and C-reactive protein: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 52:285-295. [PMID: 36513468 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome and its components are major health concerns around the world. Among various factors, overweight/obesity, its consequent inflammation, and hypertension are of special importance. Plums are anti-oxidant-rich fruits which have long been investigated for their health benefits. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we investigated the possible impact of plum supplementation on obesity, inflammation, and blood pressure. METHODS All of the major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science, Google Scholar and EMBASE) were searched to obtain the articles eligible for the review. Relevant data was extracted for the final analysis. Weighted mean difference (WMD) was obtained using fixed and random effect models. The main outcomes included systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, waist circumference (WC) and blood C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The effect sizes were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Crude search provided 3121 articles, among which 11 were eligible to be included. After crude and subgroup analysis, we were unable to detect any significant impact of plum supplementation on body weight (weight mean difference (WMD) of 0.04 kg; 95% CI: -1.55, 1.63, p = 0.959), BMI (WMD 0.39 kg/m2; 95% CI: -0.11, 0.90, p = 0.125), body fat percentage (WMD = 0.59%; 95% CI: -0.41, 1.59, p = 0.249), waist circumference (WMD = 0.60 cm; 95% CI: -1.83, 3.04, p = 0.627), systolic blood pressure (WMD -1.24 mmHg; 95% CI: -3.08, 0.59, p = 0.185), diastolic blood pressure (WMD -4.32 mmHg (95% CI: -9.29, 0.65, p = 0.089), or inflammation indicated by C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (WMD = 0.23 mg/l; 95% CI: -0.27, 0.73, p = 0.371). CONCLUSION Our results show that plum supplementation has no positive effect on factors of metabolic syndrome. We recommend that further research in the form of clinical trials be conducted to make a clear conclusion as of the effectiveness of plum supplementation on parameters of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ghalandari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Askarpour
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Setayesh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ghaedi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Liu T, Zhang Q, Xiao X, Wang Y, Ma X, Song M, Zhang Q, Cao L, Shi H. High salt intake combined with hypertension elevated the risk of primary liver cancer: a prospective cohort study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916583. [PMID: 35992793 PMCID: PMC9382678 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension and high-salt intake may act synergistically to increase the risk of primary liver cancer (PLC). We prospectively examined the joint effect of hypertension and salt intake on the risk of PLC incidence. Methods A total of 92,978 participants were included in the final analyses. The study population was divided into 4 groups according to the presence or absence of hypertension and salt intake. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association of hypertension and/or high-salt intake with the risk of incident cancers. The CAUSALMED procedure was used to perform the mediation analyses. Results During a median follow-up of 12.69 years, a total of 418 incident cancer cases were identified. Hypertension was a risk factor for PLC in women but not in men. High salt intake was associated with an elevated risk of PLC in men. A significant interaction between salt intake and hypertension was found for the risk of PLC (P for interaction=0.045). Compared with Group 1 (hypertension-, high salt intake-), participants in Group 2 (hypertension-, high salt intake+) and Group 4 (hypertension+, high salt intake+) were associated with an elevated risk of PLC with the corresponding multivariate HRs (95%CIs) of 1.73(0.96,3.10) and 1.96(1.09,3.53) respectively. No significant mediation effect was found for the association between hypertension, salt intake and PLC risk. Conclusions The combination of high salt intake and hypertension could significantly increase the risk of PLC. It may be reasonable to recommend a low-salt intake to prevent and control the prevalence of PLC and hypertension. Trial registration Kailuan study, ChiCTR–TNRC–11001489. Registered 24 August, 2011-Retrospectively registered, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=8050
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaoli Xiao
- Department of Gynecology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiangming Ma
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Mengmeng Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Cao
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Hanping Shi, ; Liying Cao,
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hanping Shi, ; Liying Cao,
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Could the systemic immune-inflammation index be a predictor to estimate cerebrovascular events in hypertensive patients? Blood Press Monit 2022; 27:33-38. [PMID: 34992205 DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0000000000000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Inflammatory processes occupy an important place in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Many studies have studied inflammatory markers responsible for the onset of hypertension and organ damage. In this study, we investigated whether the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) (platelet × neutrophil/lymphocyte), - one of the new inflammatory markers - can be used to predict cerebrovascular events in hypertensive patients. METHODS Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring results between January 2019 and June 2020 of approximately 379 patients followed up with hypertension were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups as with or without a previous cerebrovascular event in the analyzed database. In all patients, complete blood count and biochemistry test results just before the cerebrovascular event were found from the database. SII, atherogenic index, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio were calculated from the complete blood count. Forty-nine patients with stroke (group 1: 12.9%; mean age: 64.3 ± 14.6) and 330 patients without stroke (group 2: 87.1%; mean age: 50.8 ± 14.4). RESULTS Ambulatory blood pressure measurements were lower in group 1. Lipid parameters were also lower in this group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that SII had a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 84.8 % for stroke in individuals who participated in the study when the cutoff value of SII was 633.26 × 103 (P = 0.0001) area under curve (95%); 0.898 (0.856-0.941). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age and SII were significantly associated with a higher risk of stroke. Age, (hazard ratio:1.067; 95% CI, 1.021-1.115), SII (hazard ratio:1.009; 95% CI, 1.000-1.009), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, SII is a simple, useful new inflammatory parameter for predicting stroke from hypertension. We found that the high SII levels increase the risk of stroke in hypertensive patients.
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Bhusal A, Rahman MH, Suk K. Hypothalamic inflammation in metabolic disorders and aging. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:32. [PMID: 34910246 PMCID: PMC11071926 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04019-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamus is a critical brain region for the regulation of energy homeostasis. Over the years, studies on energy metabolism primarily focused on the neuronal component of the hypothalamus. Studies have recently uncovered the vital role of glial cells as an additional player in energy balance regulation. However, their inflammatory activation under metabolic stress condition contributes to various metabolic diseases. The recruitment of monocytes and macrophages in the hypothalamus helps sustain such inflammation and worsens the disease state. Neurons were found to actively participate in hypothalamic inflammatory response by transmitting signals to the surrounding non-neuronal cells. This activation of different cell types in the hypothalamus leads to chronic, low-grade inflammation, impairing energy balance and contributing to defective feeding habits, thermogenesis, and insulin and leptin signaling, eventually leading to metabolic disorders (i.e., diabetes, obesity, and hypertension). The hypothalamus is also responsible for the causation of systemic aging under metabolic stress. A better understanding of the multiple factors contributing to hypothalamic inflammation, the role of the different hypothalamic cells, and their crosstalks may help identify new therapeutic targets. In this review, we focus on the role of glial cells in establishing a cause-effect relationship between hypothalamic inflammation and the development of metabolic diseases. We also cover the role of other cell types and discuss the possibilities and challenges of targeting hypothalamic inflammation as a valid therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Bhusal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
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Cookson TA. Bacterial-Induced Blood Pressure Reduction: Mechanisms for the Treatment of Hypertension via the Gut. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:721393. [PMID: 34485420 PMCID: PMC8414577 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.721393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. As more research into the gut microbiome emerges, we are finding increasing evidence to support that these microbes may have significant positive and negative effects on blood pressure and associated disorders. The bacterial-derived metabolites that are produced in the gut are capable of widespread effects to several tissue types and organs in the body. It is clear that the extensive metabolic function that is lost with gut dysbiosis is unlikely to be replenished with a single metabolite or bacterial strain. Instead, combinations of bacteria and concomitant therapies will provide a more well-rounded solution to manage hypertension. The bioactive molecules that are recognized in this review will inform on ideal characteristics of candidate bacteria and provide direction for future research on the gut microbiome in hypertension.
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Dong S, Wang Z, Shen K, Chen X. Metabolic Syndrome and Breast Cancer: Prevalence, Treatment Response, and Prognosis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:629666. [PMID: 33842335 PMCID: PMC8027241 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.629666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a type of multifactorial metabolic disease with the presence of at least three factors: obesity, diabetes mellitus, low high-density lipoprotein, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. Recent studies have shown that metabolic syndrome and its related components exert a significant impact on the initiation, progression, treatment response, and prognosis of breast cancer. Metabolic abnormalities not only increase the disease risk and aggravate tumor progression but also lead to unfavorable treatment responses and more treatment side effects. Moreover, biochemical reactions caused by the imbalance of these metabolic components affect both the host general state and organ-specific tumor microenvironment, resulting in increased rates of recurrence and mortality. Therefore, this review discusses the recent advances in the association of metabolic syndrome and breast cancer, providing potential novel therapeutic targets and intervention strategies to improve breast cancer outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kunwei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Inflammation and hypertension: more evidence but is there anything new? J Hum Hypertens 2020; 35:561-563. [PMID: 33288857 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-00463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Crouch SH, Botha-Le Roux S, Delles C, Graham LA, Schutte AE. Inflammation and hypertension development: A longitudinal analysis of the African-PREDICT study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL CARDIOLOGY HYPERTENSION 2020; 7:100067. [PMID: 33392493 PMCID: PMC7768897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The role of inflammation in the development of hypertension remains incompletely understood. While single inflammatory mediators have been shown to associate with changes in blood pressure (ΔBP), the role of clusters of inflammatory mediators has been less comprehensively explored. We therefore determined whether individual or clusters of inflammatory mediators from a large biomarker panel were associated with ΔBP over 4.5 years, in young healthy adults. Methods We included 358 adults (white, n = 156; black, n = 202) with detailed information on ambulatory blood pressure (BP) at baseline and follow-up. Baseline blood samples were analysed for 22 inflammatory mediators using multiplexing technology. Principal component analysis was used to study associations between clusters of inflammatory mediators and ΔBP. Results In the total cohort in multivariable-adjusted regression analyses, percentage change in 24hr systolic BP associated positively with Factors 1 (Interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-23, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β, TNF-α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)) and 2 (IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13). Change in daytime systolic BP associated positively with Factors 1, 2 and 3 (C-Reactive protein, IL-1β, IL-2, MIP-3α). Subgroup analysis found these findings were limited to white study participants. Numerous associations were present between individual inflammatory mediators (Interferon-gamma, GM-CSF, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-23, MIP-1α and MIP-1β) and ΔBP in the white but not black subgroups. Conclusion We found independent relationships between numerous inflammatory mediators (individual and clusters) and ΔBP over 4.5 years. The relationship between inflammatory markers and ΔBP was only found in white participants. ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03292094)..
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone H. Crouch
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Shani Botha-Le Roux
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- MRC Research Unit: Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Christian Delles
- The British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley A. Graham
- The British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Aletta E. Schutte
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- MRC Research Unit: Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales; The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
- Corresponding author. School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Elevated Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A 2 Independently Affects Age-Related Increases in Systolic Blood Pressure: A Nested Case-Control Study in a Prospective Korean Cohort. Int J Hypertens 2020; 2020:5693271. [PMID: 32292598 PMCID: PMC7150680 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5693271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory markers are susceptible to changes over time. Thus, we observed changes in inflammatory markers correlating with age-related increases in blood pressure (BP) through a prospective study. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in inflammatory markers that correlate with age-related increases in BP. The study included 1,500 nondiabetic and normotensive healthy subjects at baseline. Of these, 121 individuals who developed hypertension (defined as systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg) after 2 years formed the hypertension group. For each incident hypertension case, 2 age- and sex-matched control subjects were selected among those who did not develop hypertension (control group, n = 242). After baseline adjustment, the hypertension group exhibited greater increases in body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic BP, triglyceride, total cholesterol, glucose, Lp-PLA2 activity, and urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epi-PGF2α ) levels compared to the control group. In the hypertension group, changes in (Δ) systolic BP correlated positively with Δ Lp-PLA2 activity, which correlated positively with Δ low-density lipoprotein (LDL-) cholesterol and Δ urinary 8-epi-PGF2α levels. Moreover, multiple linear regression revealed baseline systolic BP and Δ Lp-PLA2 activity to be independent predictors of Δ systolic BP in the hypertension group. Our results suggest that age-related increases in systolic BP may correlate strongly with elevated Lp-PLA2 activity and that Lp-PLA2 can be considered a biomarker for systolic BP elevation.
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Mtshali Z, Moodley J, Naicker T. An Insight into the Angiogenic and Lymphatic Interplay in Pre-eclampsia Comorbid with HIV Infection. Curr Hypertens Rep 2020; 22:35. [PMID: 32200445 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-020-01040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide insight on the imbalance of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors in pre-eclampsia, as well as highlight polymorphism in genes related to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS The pregnancy-specific disorder pre-eclampsia is diagnosed by the presence of hypertension with/without proteinuria, after 20 weeks of gestation. The pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia remains ambiguous, but research over the years has identified an imbalance in maternal and foetal factors. Familial predisposition and gene variation are also linked to pre-eclampsia development. The sFlt-1/PIGF ratio has attracted great attention over the years; more recently several researchers have reported that a sFlt-1/PIGF ratio of ≤ 38 can be used to predict short-term absence of pre-eclampsia. This ratio has the potential to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes and reduce healthcare costs significantly. Genome-wide studies have additionally identified variation in the foetal gene near Flt-1. The development of preeclampsia is not limited to the maternal interface, but foetal involvement as well as genetic interplay is associated with the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamahlabangane Mtshali
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Women's Health and HIV Research Group, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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GÖKASLAN S, ÖZER GÖKASLAN Ç, DEMİREL E, ÇELİK S. Role of aortic stiffness and inflammation in the etiology of young-onset hypertension. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:1748-1753. [PMID: 31655529 PMCID: PMC7518685 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1908-137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Young-onset hypertension is a form of condition diagnosed in patients aged below 40. Cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and also MCP-1 may play a role in the development of arterial hypertension. Aortic stiffness can be detected by measuring pulse wave velocity (PWV). We aimed to explore the relationship between inflammation and aortic stiffness and investigate their roles in the etiology of young-onset hypertension. Materials and methods We enrolled 16 patients diagnosed with young-onset hypertension and 16 volunteers without hypertension. The plasma levels of MCP-1 and IL-6 were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative enzyme-linked immunoassay, respectively. Carotid-femoral PWV was measured using an arteriograph device. Results Compared with those in normotensive controls, the plasma levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 and the PWV values were significantly higher in patients with young-onset hypertension (P < 0.001). PWV values were also positively correlated with the levels of MCP-1 and IL-6. However, no statistically significant difference was noted in intima-media thickness between the two groups (P = 0.224). Conclusion In this study, increased PWVs and the levels of inflammation markers were associated with aortic stiffness and inflammation in patients with young-onset hypertension, suggesting they have a role in the etiology of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan GÖKASLAN
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences, AfyonkarahisarTurkey
| | - Çiğdem ÖZER GÖKASLAN
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences, AfyonkarahisarTurkey
| | - Emin DEMİREL
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences, AfyonkarahisarTurkey
| | - Sefa ÇELİK
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences, AfyonkarahisarTurkey
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Cui S, Tang J, Wang S, Li L. Kaempferol protects lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory injury in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) by regulation of miR-203. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Sun SL, Liu LM. Urotensin II: an inflammatory cytokine. J Endocrinol 2019; 240:JOE-18-0505.R2. [PMID: 30601760 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a polypeptide molecule with neurohormone-like activity. It has been confirmed that UII is widely distributed in numerous organs of different animal species from fish to mammals, including humans. The UII receptor is orphan G-protein coupled receptor 14, also known as UT. The tissue distribution of UII and UT is highly consistent, and their expression may be regulated by autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. In the body, UII has many physiological and pathophysiological activities, such as vasoconstrictor and vasodilatory actions, cell proliferation, pro-fibrosis, neuroendocrine activity, insulin resistance, and carcinogenic and inflammatory effects, which have been recognized only in recent years. In fact, UII is involved in the process of inflammatory injury and plays a key role in the onset and development of inflammatory diseases. In this paper, we will review the roles UII plays in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sui-Lin Sun
- S Sun, Department of Infection, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China, Nanchang, China
| | - Liang-Ming Liu
- L Liu, Department of Infection, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 201600, China
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Huang Y, Jiang Y, Zhu M. The Relationship Between Global Sleep Score And Inflammatory Markers In Obese Adults From The United States. Nat Sci Sleep 2019; 11:317-324. [PMID: 31807104 PMCID: PMC6842311 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s220436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The underlying pathogenesis is not clear. Levels of inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-ɑ (TNF-ɑ), have been found to be elevated in patients with CVDs. AIM The study aimed to investigate the associations between sleep quality and serum inflammatory markers in a cohort of obese adults. METHODS This was a second analysis of the data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, a longitudinal study of a national (US) sample of adults. A total of 1255 participants completed comprehensive biological assessments. The associations between global sleep score and serum levels of inflammatory markers were analyzed. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed that a higher global sleep score was correlated with lower age (r = -0.079, P= 0.009), higher BMI (r = 0.100, P= 0.001) and heavier perceived stress (r = 0.335, P<0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the global sleep score was positively related to levels of IL-6 (Sβ=0.074, P=0.009), IL-8 (Sβ=0.089, P=0.002), TNF-ɑ (Sβ=0.0.082, P=0.005), E-selectin (Sβ=0.071, P=0.016) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, Sβ=0.117, P<0.001) after adjustments were made for age, gender, race, marital status, education, current smoking status, physician-diagnosed CVDs and respiratory diseases, BMI and perceived stress. However, the global sleep score was not associated with serum IL-10 (Sβ=-0.021, P=0.463) and CRP (Sβ=0.035, P=0.059) levels after adjustments were made for these confounding factors. CONCLUSION Poor sleep is positively associated with serum inflammatory marker levels among obese adults. Sufficient sleep may be particularly important for obese adults to prevent CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Meilan Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
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Terho A, Bloigu R, Bloigu A, Niemelä O, Tulppo M, Kesäniemi YA, Ukkola O. Life style habits, biochemical factors and their interaction in the prediction of incident hypertension during 21-year follow-up. Blood Press 2018; 28:40-48. [PMID: 30479170 DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2018.1540923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a global health threat and major cardiovascular risk. Various risk-prediction models for incident hypertension have been developed but not many of them have studied the risk-predictive value of life style factors in combination with cardiovascular biomarkers during long-term period of over 10 years. METHODS We examined differences in several classical variables for 299 subjects in OPERA (Oulu Project Elucidating Risk of Atherosclerosis) cohort in subjects with no or new hypertension during a follow-up period of 21 years. Effect of both various life style habits and biomarkers were investigated. RESULTS Baseline blood pressure, being overweight and smoking actively were independent predictors of new hypertension in majority of multivariate models during long-term follow-up of 21 years in subjects without previous hypertension. Increased high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) level (> 3 mg/L) was the strongest predictor of incident hypertension in univariate model. Subjects with two or all three of main risk factors (being overweight, smoking actively and having high hsCRP) had 4-fold risk for incident hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Smoking, overweight and increased hsCRP level had risk-predictive value in incident hypertension prediction during long-term follow-up of 21 years. Assessment and measurement of these parameters could be used in help of detecting high risk subjects and primary prevention of hypertension very early on. In addition, the study shows that blood pressure at the middle-age should be followed and treated intensively to prevent hypertension in the older age. KEY MESSAGES Baseline blood pressure, being overweight and smoking actively are independent predictors of new hypertension during a long-term follow-up of 21 years. Having two or all three risk factors (smoking actively, body mass index over 25 kg/m2, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) level over 3 mg/L) indicates a 4-fold risk for incident hypertension within 21-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksi Terho
- a Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Risto Bloigu
- a Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Aini Bloigu
- a Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Onni Niemelä
- a Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Mikko Tulppo
- a Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Y Antero Kesäniemi
- a Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Olavi Ukkola
- a Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
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Kasacka I, Piotrowska Ż, Weresa J, Filipek A. Comparative evaluation of CacyBP/SIP protein, β-catenin, and immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 in the heart of rats with hypertension of different etiology. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:1199-1206. [PMID: 30472885 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218815435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcyclin-binding protein/Siah-1-interacting protein (CacyBP/SIP) is the recently discovered peptide, which participates in various intracellular processes. Recent reports indicated that CacyBP/SIP activates the ubiquitin ligases and promotes proteasomal degradation of proteins. One of the most important proteins degraded in CacyBP/SIP-dependent pathway is β-catenin. Considering the key importance of β-catenin in the functioning of the cardiovascular system and in the view of the close relationship between CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin, and proteasomal activity, we have decided to undertake research to identify and evaluate the distribution of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin and the LMP7 subunit of the immunoproteasome in the heart of rats with hypertension of various etiology. The studies were carried out on the hearts of rats with spontaneous hypertension (SHR), renovascular hypertension, and DOCA-salt hypertension. The myocardial expression of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin, and LMP7 was detected by immunohistochemistry using the EnVision method. The hypertension significantly increased the immunoreactivity to CacyBP/SIP and LMP-7, while weakening the β-catenin immunoreaction. The intensity of the observed changes depends on the type of hypertension. Our results show an innovative and important network of interactions between proteins potentially involved in the development and progression of heart problems in various types of hypertension. This report might contribute to deeper understanding of the role of the CacyBP/SIP protein, β-catenin, and immunoproteasomes in heart function, as well as to bringing new information concerning pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to cardiac dysfunction in the state of elevated blood pressure. Impact statement Despite extensive research into the pathogenesis of hypertension and disease-related end organ damage, the mechanisms leading to cardiac complications of hypertensive patients are still not fully elucidated. The aim of the presented research was immunodetection and evaluation of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin, and proteasomes in the hearts of rats with hypertension of different etiology. Our results show an innovative and important network of interactions between proteins potentially involved in the development and progression of heart problems in various types of hypertension. This report might contribute to deeper understanding of the role of the CacyBP/SIP protein, β-catenin, and proteasomes in heart function. Our results might also bring new information concerning the intracellular processes and signal pathways involved in the regulation of cardiomyocytes functioning in hypertension state. In addition to cognitive significance, the results of presented studies may contribute to further successes in preventing and treatment of cardiac complications associated with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15-222, Poland
| | - Żaneta Piotrowska
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15-222, Poland
| | - Jolanta Weresa
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15-222, Poland
| | - Anna Filipek
- Laboratory of Calcium Binding Proteins, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
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Han H, Guo W, Shi W, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Ye X, He J. Hypertension and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44877. [PMID: 28317900 PMCID: PMC5357949 DOI: 10.1038/srep44877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies examining the relationship between hypertension and breast cancer risk have reported conflicting findings. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the evidence regarding the association between hypertension and risk of breast cancer. Eligible studies were identified through a comprehensive literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library until August 2016. We included observational studies that reported relative risks (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results from individual studies were pooled by using a random-effects model. 29 articles of 30 studies, with totally 11643 cases of breast cancer, were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. We observed a statistically significant association between hypertension and increased breast cancer risk (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.22). In the subgroup analysis, we found a positive association between hypertension and breast cancer incidence among postmenopausal women (RR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.31). In contrast, hypertension was not associated with risk of breast cancer among premenopausal women (RR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.12) and Asian population (RR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.22).This meta-analysis collectively suggests a significantly association between hypertension and breast cancer risk, specifically for postmenopausal hypertensive women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedong Han
- Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wentao Shi
- Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yamei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunshuo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaofei Ye
- Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Tayefi M, Esmaeili H, Saberi Karimian M, Amirabadi Zadeh A, Ebrahimi M, Safarian M, Nematy M, Parizadeh SMR, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. The application of a decision tree to establish the parameters associated with hypertension. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2017; 139:83-91. [PMID: 28187897 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2016.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The goal of this study was to establish the factors associated with hypertension by using a decision-tree algorithm as a supervised classification method of data mining. METHODS Data from a cross-sectional study were used in this study. A total of 9078 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. 70% of these subjects (6358 cases) were randomly allocated to the training dataset for the constructing of the decision-tree. The remaining 30% (2720 cases) were used as the testing dataset to evaluate the performance of decision-tree. Two models were evaluated in this study. In model I, age, gender, body mass index, marital status, level of education, occupation status, depression and anxiety status, physical activity level, smoking status, LDL, TG, TC, FBG, uric acid and hs-CRP were considered as input variables and in model II, age, gender, WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT MCV, MCH, PLT, RDW and PDW were considered as input variables. The validation of the model was assessed by constructing a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS The prevalence rates of hypertension were 32% in our population. For the decision-tree model I, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve (AUC) value for identifying the related risk factors of hypertension were 73%, 63%, 77% and 0.72, respectively. The corresponding values for model II were 70%, 61%, 74% and 0.68, respectively. CONCLUSION We have developed a decision tree model to identify the risk factors associated with hypertension that maybe used to develop programs for hypertension management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tayefi
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Habibollah Esmaeili
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Saberi Karimian
- Student Research Committee, Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Amirabadi Zadeh
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ebrahimi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Safarian
- Department of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Department of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Reza Parizadeh
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Chao
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (J.C., L.C.); and Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City (G.B.).
| | - Grant Bledsoe
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (J.C., L.C.); and Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City (G.B.)
| | - Lee Chao
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (J.C., L.C.); and Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City (G.B.)
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Karaman E, Urhan Kucuk M, Bayramoglu A, Uzun Göçmen S, Ercan S, Guler HI, Kucukkaya Y, Erden S. Investigation of relationship between IL-6 gene variants and hypertension in Turkish population. Cytotechnology 2015; 67:947-54. [PMID: 24811130 PMCID: PMC4628916 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9732-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HT) is a common and life threating health problem worldwide leading to stroke, heart attack and renal failure. It is characterized by elevated blood pressure forced heart load. Human interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C- reactive protein (CRP) are known to be involved in inflammatory processes. IL-6 gene is a polymorphic gene which -174 G/C is a common and -572 G/C is a rare polymorphisms identified in promoter region. Publications on IL-6 gene polymorphisms raised the question whether this gene polymorphisms lead to susceptibility to HT or not. To investigate the effects of IL-6 gene -174 G/C (rs 1800795) and -572 G/C (rs1800796) polymorphisms on plasma IL-6 and CRP levels and their associations with hypertension disease in Turkish population we analyzed -174 G/C and -572 G/C polymorphisms and plasma IL-6 and CRP levels in 111 healthy controls and 108 hypertension patients from Adıyaman, Turkey. We determined the genotypes using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and analyzed plasma levels of IL-6 by ELISA and CRP by automated standard biochemical methods. We have found no statistically significant differences between IL-6 gene -174 G/C and -572 G/C genotypes and allelic frequencies and IL-6 and CRP plasma levels and HT (p > 0.05). No CC genotype was found in control subjects for -572 G/C polymorphism. In conclusion, we found relation to -174 G/C and -572 G/C gene variants between neither IL-6 and CRP levels nor hypertension. The -572 G allele and GG genotype are predominant in Turkish population in Adıyaman, Turkey whereas the CC genotype is very rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esin Karaman
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Meral Urhan Kucuk
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey.
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, 31024, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Aysegul Bayramoglu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Semire Uzun Göçmen
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Ercan
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Halil Ibrahim Guler
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Yunus Kucukkaya
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Sema Erden
- Department of Medical Documentation and Secretarial, Vocational School of Health Services, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Vidal F, Fontes TV, Marques TVF, Gonçalves LS. Association between apical periodontitis lesions and plasmatic levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 and fibrinogen in hypertensive patients. Int Endod J 2015; 49:1107-1115. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Vidal
- Faculty of Dentistry; Estácio de Sá University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - T. V. Fontes
- Faculty of Dentistry; Estácio de Sá University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - T. V. F. Marques
- Faculty of Dentistry; Estácio de Sá University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - L. S. Gonçalves
- Faculty of Dentistry; Estácio de Sá University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Sesso HD, Jiménez MC, Wang L, Ridker PM, Buring JE, Gaziano JM. Plasma Inflammatory Markers and the Risk of Developing Hypertension in Men. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:e001802. [PMID: 26391130 PMCID: PMC4599490 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.001802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Several cross-sectional, but few prospective, studies suggest that inflammation may be involved in the development of hypertension. We examined markers of inflammation—high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1—and a marker of fibrinolysis, D-dimer, for their associations with incident hypertension in the Physicians’ Health Study. Methods and Results Baseline blood values and information on hypertension-related risk factors were collected in 1982. Incident hypertension was defined as self-reported initiation of antihypertensive treatment, systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg during follow-up. With use of a nested case-control design, 396 cases of incident hypertension and controls free of hypertension were matched 1:1 on age (mean 47.4 years) and follow-up time. In crude matched-pair analyses, the conditional relative risks of hypertension in the second through fourth versus the lowest quartiles for plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were 1.27, 1.73, and 1.81 (Ptrend=0.01); for interleukin-6, 1.22, 1.02, and 1.51 (Ptrend=0.06); for soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, 1.00, 0.80, and 1.26 (Ptrend=0.37); and for D-dimer, 1.61, 1.81, and 1.52 (Ptrend=0.46). Multivariable adjustment attenuated the estimates. The multivariable relative risks of hypertension in the second through fourth compared to the lowest quartiles of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were 1.24, 1.60, and 1.47 (Ptrend=0.20); for interleukin-6, 1.08, 0.92, and 1.36 (Ptrend=0.16); for soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, 0.89, 0.79, and 1.18 (Ptrend=0.55); and for D-dimer, 1.48, 1.68, and 1.38 (Ptrend=0.63). Conclusions Elevated plasma inflammatory markers and D-dimer were nonsignificantly associated with a higher risk of hypertension among initially healthy men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard D Sesso
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (H.D.S., M.C.J., L.W., P.M.R., J.E.B., M.G.) Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (H.D.S., J.E.B., M.G.) Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (H.D.S., J.E.B.)
| | - Monik C Jiménez
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (H.D.S., M.C.J., L.W., P.M.R., J.E.B., M.G.)
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (H.D.S., M.C.J., L.W., P.M.R., J.E.B., M.G.)
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (H.D.S., M.C.J., L.W., P.M.R., J.E.B., M.G.)
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (H.D.S., M.C.J., L.W., P.M.R., J.E.B., M.G.) Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (H.D.S., J.E.B., M.G.) Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (H.D.S., J.E.B.)
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (H.D.S., M.C.J., L.W., P.M.R., J.E.B., M.G.) Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (H.D.S., J.E.B., M.G.)
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Karabacak M, Yigit M, Turkdogan KA, Sert M. The relationship between vascular inflammation and target organ damage in hypertensive crises. Am J Emerg Med 2015; 33:497-500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Kasacka I, Piotrowska Z, Lewandowska A. Alterations of rat stomach endocrine cells under renovascular hypertension. Adv Med Sci 2014; 59:190-5. [PMID: 25323756 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to perform immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis of gastrin-, synaptophysin (SY)- and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)-positive cells in the pylorus of "two kidney, one clip" (2K1C) renovascular hypertension model in rats. MATERIAL/METHODS In order to identify neuroendocrine (NE) cells, immunohistochemical reactions were performed with the use of specific antibodies against gastrin, SY and ANP. Gastric NE cells were also examined using an electron microscope. RESULTS The present study revealed a twofold increase in the number of gastrin- and SY-positive cells and a significant decrease in the number of ANP-immunoreactive (IR) cells in the pyloric mucosa of 2K1C rats. Test results obtained with an electron microscope confirmed a change in the activity of the stomach endocrine cells of hypertensive rats. CONCLUSIONS Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigations demonstrated the impact of renovascular hypertension on the neuroendocrine system in the rat stomach. The changes in the total number and ultrastructure of DNES cells proved their undeniable role in the modulation of gastric dysfunction, as a consequence of deregulation of homeostasis-maintaining systems.
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Kasacka I, Piotrowska Ż, Knaś M, Lewandowska A. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of CART-containing cells in adrenal glands of male rats with hypertension. Biotech Histochem 2014; 89:497-504. [PMID: 25151991 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2014.902503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenal activity is stimulated and secretion of stress hormones is increased during advanced stages of renovascular hypertension. The literature suggests that the neuropeptide, cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART), might regulate adrenal secretory function and thus could influence its activity. We assessed potential quantitative and qualitative changes in the cells that contained CART in the adrenal glands of rats with renovascular hypertension. The renal arteries of ten rats were subjected to a clipping procedure, i.e., two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) model of arterial hypertension, and after 6 weeks each rat developed stable hypertension. CART was localized using immunohistochemistry. CART was detected in a large population of cells in the medulla, sparse nerve fibers in the cortex and the capsule of the adrenal gland. The population of CART-positive cells in adrenal glands of two kidney-one clip (2K1C) treated rats was greater and their immunoreactivity was increased compared to controls. Similarly, the length, width, area and diameter of CART-immunoreactive cells were significantly greater in the hypertensive rats than in controls. We demonstrated that renovascular hypertension alters the number and immunoreactivity of CART-containing cells in adrenal glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology Medical University of Białystok ul . Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok
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Kasacka I, Piotrowska Z, Janiuk I, Zbucki R. Dynamics of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript containing cell changes in the adrenal glands of two kidney, one clip rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:1292-9. [PMID: 24939825 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214538593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Taking into consideration the homeostatic disorders resulting from renal hypertension and the essential role of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) in maintaining homeostasis by regulating many functions of the body, the question arises as to what extent the renovascular hypertension affects the morphology and dynamics of changes of CART-containing cells in the adrenal glands. The aim of the present study was to examine the distribution, morphology, and dynamics of changes of CART-containing cells in the adrenal glands of "two kidney, one clip" (2K1C) renovascular hypertension model in rats. The studies were carried out on the adrenal glands of rats after 3, 14, 28, 42, and 91 days from the renal artery clipping procedure. To identify neuroendocrine cells, immunohistochemical reaction was performed with the use of a specific antibody against CART. It was revealed that renovascular hypertension causes changes in the endocrine cells containing CART in the adrenal glands of rats. The changes observed in the endocrine cells depend on the time when the rats with experimentally induced hypertension were examined. In the first period of hypertension, the number and immunoreactivity of CART-containing cells were decreased, while from the 28-day test, it significantly increased, as compared to the control rats. CART is relevant to the regulation of homeostasis in the cardiovascular system and seems to be involved in renovascular hypertension. The results of the present work open the possibility of new therapeutic perspectives for the treatment of arterial hypertension, since CART function is involved in their pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Zaneta Piotrowska
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Izabela Janiuk
- Department of Nutrition and Food Assessment, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Robert Zbucki
- 1 Clinical Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, University Clinical Hospital, 15-264 Bialystok, Poland
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Pereira A, Garmendia ML, Alvarado ME, Albala C. Hypertension and the risk of breast cancer in Chilean women: a case-control study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:5829-34. [PMID: 23317264 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.11.5829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Although different metabolic factors have been implicated in breast cancer development, the relationship between hypertension and breast cancer has not been elucidated. AIM To evaluate hypertension as a risk factor for breast cancer in Chilean women of low and middle socio-economic status. METHODS We conducted an age-matched (1:1) case-control study in 3 hospitals in Santiago, Chile. Breast cancer cases (n=170) were histopathologically confirmed. Controls had been classified as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System I (negative) or II (benign findings) within 6 months of recruitment. Blood pressure was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer and standardized procedures. We used 2 hypertension cut-off points: blood pressures of ≥140/90 mmHg and ≥130/85 mmHg. Fasting insulin and glucose levels were assessed, and anthropometric, sociodemographic, and behavioral information were collected. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated for the entire sample and restricted to postmenopausal women using multivariable conditional logistic regression models. RESULTS Hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) was significantly higher in cases (37.1%) than controls (17.1%) for the entire sample and in postmenopausal pairs (44.0% compared to 23.8%). In crude and adjusted models, hypertensive women had a 4-fold increased risk of breast cancer (adjusted odds ratio: 4.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.8; 9.6) compared to non-hypertensive women in the entire sample. We found a similar association in the postmenopausal group (adjusted odds ratio: 2.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.1; 7.4). A significant effect was also observed when hypertension was defined as blood pressure of ≥130/85 mmHg. CONCLUSION A significant association was found between hypertension and breast cancer over the entire sample and when restricted to postmenopausal women. Hypertension is highly prevalent in Latin America and may be a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer; therefore, a small association between hypertension and breast cancer may have broad implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pereira
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile
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Cha JH, Lee HR, Kim KC, Cho MS, Hong YM. Changes of gene expressions in spontaneously hypertensive rat model after losartan treatment. Korean Circ J 2012; 42:761-8. [PMID: 23236328 PMCID: PMC3518710 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2012.42.11.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The renin angiotensin system seems to play an important role in the development of cardiac and vascular hypertrophy in hypertension. The changes in pathology, and gene expressions of the angiotensin II receptor type 1A (ATIA) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were investigated in order to explore the effects of losartan in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) models. Materials and Methods Twelve week-old male Wistar rats were grouped as follows: control (C) group, hypertension (H) group, and losartan (L) group in which SHR was treated with losartan (10 mg/kg/day). Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis regarding seven genes such as endothelin-1, ACE, ATIA, neutrophil cytosolic factor, brain natriuretic peptide, troponin I, endothelial nitric oxide synthase were performed. Results Systolic blood pressure was significantly decreased in the L group compared with the H group in weeks 3 and 5. ACE and ATIA proteins in the L group were lower than H group in week 5. Conclusion Losartan reduced blood pressure, cardiac hypertrophy and protein expressions of ACE and ATIA. Changes of protein expressions were more sensitive than changes in pathology. Further study is needed for the differing doses of losartan in SHR models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hei Cha
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Antonelli A, Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, Ghiadoni L, Virdis A, Mancusi C, Centanni M, Taddei S, Ferrannini E. High serum levels of CXC (CXCL10) and CC (CCL2) chemokines in untreated essential hypertension. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2012; 25:387-95. [PMID: 22697070 DOI: 10.1177/039463201202500208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension has been suggested to exert pro-inflammatory actions through increased expression of several mediators, including chemokines. Chemokines are involved in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, and in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions through promotion of inflammatory cell migration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of high blood pressure on circulating levels of the prototype chemokines C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)10 and C-C motif ligand (CCL)2 in 140 patients with essential hypertension not affected by thyroid disorders or overt autoimmune or inflammatory diseases, and 140 gender- and age-matched healthy controls. Mean CXCL10 and CCL2 levels were significantly higher in hypertensive patients than in controls. Among hypertensive patients, chemokines levels were higher in those with systo-diastolic hypertension compared to those with isolated systolic hypertension. In a multiple linear regression model using CXCL10 or CCL2 as dependent variables and age, body mass index, glycemia, serum creatinine, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, and systolic or diastolic blood pressure values as covariates, only systolic or diastolic blood pressure values were significantly related to CXCL10 or CCL2 levels. In conclusion, this study demonstrates increased circulating levels of the prototype chemokines CXCL10 and CCL2 in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Antonelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism Unit, University of Pisa-School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy.
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Rivas-Tumanyan S, Spiegelman D, Curhan GC, Forman JP, Joshipura KJ. Periodontal disease and incidence of hypertension in the health professionals follow-up study. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25:770-6. [PMID: 22476024 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2012.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest a possible association between periodontal disease and hypertension; however, prospective evidence is limited. METHODS The study population consisted of 31,543 participants of the Health Professionals' Follow-Up Study (HPFS) prospective cohort who were 40-75 years old at baseline, had no prior hypertension history and had complete baseline information on oral health. Information on periodontal disease, hypertension and potential confounders was updated biennially. We used Cox proportional hazards models to study the relation between periodontal disease at baseline, during follow-up, periodontal bone loss severity, baseline number of teeth, and tooth loss during follow-up, and the risk of developing hypertension. Multivariate models included age, calendar time, race, comprehensive smoking index (CSI), diabetes, alcohol consumption, family history of hypertension, dental profession, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, multivitamin use, calcium, vitamin D and vitamin E intake. RESULTS We identified 10,828 cases of incident hypertension over 20 years of follow-up. After adjusting for potential confounders, we did not observe significant associations between incident hypertension and periodontal disease at baseline (relative risk (RR) = 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98-1.10), periodontitis during follow-up (RR = 1.01; 95% CI: 0.96-1.05), tooth loss during follow-up (RR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.98-1.09), or when comparing men with 0-10 teeth to men with ≥ 25 teeth at baseline (RR = 1.05; 95% CI: 0.91-1.21). Participants reporting severe periodontal bone loss had a RR for incident hypertension of 1.02 compared to those without bone loss (95% CI: 0.77-1.35). CONCLUSIONS We did not observe an association between periodontal disease measures and incident hypertension in this cohort of middle-aged men.
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Rivas-Tumanyan S, Campos M, Zevallos JC, Joshipura KJ. Periodontal disease, hypertension, and blood pressure among older adults in Puerto Rico. J Periodontol 2012; 84:203-11. [PMID: 22548584 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2012.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current scientific evidence addressing the relationship between periodontitis and hypertension is limited to studies producing inconsistent results. METHODS All participants of an ongoing representative cohort of Puerto Rican elderly who were ≥70 years old and residing in the San Juan metropolitan area were invited to this cross-sectional study. Periodontal probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL) were summarized using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Periodontology definition for severe periodontitis (≥2 teeth with AL ≥6 mm and ≥1 tooth with PD ≥5 mm). Three repeated blood pressure (BP) measurements taken were averaged using a standardized auscultatory method. Information on hypertension history, use of antihypertensive medications, and potential confounders (age, sex, smoking, heavy and binge drinking, diabetes, use of preventive dental services, flossing, body mass index, consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole wheat bread, and high-fiber cereal) was collected during in-person interviews. High BP was defined as average systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to study the relationship between severe periodontitis, hypertension history, and high BP. RESULTS The study population comprised 182 adults. In multivariate analysis, there was no association between severe periodontitis and hypertension history (odds ratio [OR] = 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40 to 2.48). Severe periodontitis was associated with high BP, with OR of 2.93 (95% CI: 1.25 to 6.84), after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, and binge drinking. This association was stronger when restricted to those with hypertension or taking antihypertensive medications: OR = 4.20 (95% CI: 1.28 to 13.80). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that periodontitis may contribute to poor BP control among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Rivas-Tumanyan
- Center for Clinical Research and Health Promotion, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-50667.
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Khoshdel AR, Carney SL, Gillies A. Circulatory syndrome: an evolution of the metabolic syndrome concept! Curr Cardiol Rev 2012; 8:68-76. [PMID: 22845817 PMCID: PMC3394110 DOI: 10.2174/157340312801215773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome has been a useful, though controversial construct in clinical practice as well as a valuable model in order to understand the interactions of diverse cardiovascular risk factors. However the increasing importance of the circulatory system in particular the endothelium, in both connecting and controlling organ function has underlined the limitations of the metabolic syndrome definition. The proposed "Circulatory Syndrome" is an attempt to refine the metabolic syndrome concept by the addition of recently documented markers of cardiovascular disease including renal impairment, microalbuminuria, arterial stiffness, ventricular dysfunction and anaemia to more classic factors including hypertension, dyslipidemia and abnormal glucose metabolism; all of which easily measured in clinical practice. These markers interact with each other as well as with other factors such as aging, obesity, physical inactivity, diet and smoking. The final common pathways of inflammation, oxidative stress and hypercoagulability thereby lead to endothelial damage and eventually cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, the Circulatory (MARC) Syndrome, like its predecessor the metabolic syndrome, is only a small step toward an understanding of these complex and as yet poorly understood markers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Khoshdel
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Amer MS, Abdel Rahman TT, Omar OH, Reda RA, Ali DR. Influence of duration of diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors on abdominal aortic diameter in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011; 59:1362-3. [PMID: 21751980 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03459.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Li JJ, Lu ZL, Kou WR, Chen Z, Wu YF, Yu XH, Zhao YC. Long-term effects of Xuezhikang on blood pressure in hypertensive patients with previous myocardial infarction: data from the Chinese Coronary Secondary Prevention Study (CCSPS). Clin Exp Hypertens 2011; 32:491-8. [PMID: 21091365 DOI: 10.3109/10641961003686427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Several previous trials from Western population studies have showed that statins may help reduce blood pressure (BP). However, randomized clinical data is limited. Xuezhikang, a partially extract of red yeast rice, contains a family of naturally occurring statins, and has a marked impact on lipids, but it is unknown whether Xuezhikang has any effect on BP during long-term follow-up in the Chinese population. This is a post-hoc subgroup analysis of a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group clinical trial, Chinese Coronary Secondary Prevention Study (CCSPS). A total of 2704 hypertensive patients with previous myocardial infarction (MI) were assigned either to placebo (n = 1341) or to Xuezhikang (n = 1363) daily for an average of 4.5 years. The primary outcome was the unadjusted changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) from baseline to 6 months. We also assessed systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure. Analysis of covariance was used to calculate the adjusted effects of treatment on changes in these outcomes at 6, 12, 24, and 48 months post-randomization, after controlling for potential confounders. This analysis included 2704/4870 (55.5%) hypertensive patients for whom BP was measured at baseline and at least one follow-up visit after randomization. Median duration of the follow-up was 4.5 years (54 months), and 25 patients (0.92%) were lost to the last follow-up because of adverse effects. The results showed that the unadjusted and adjusted changes in MAP, SBP, DBP, or pulse pressure from baseline were not significantly different for Xuezhikang or placebo recipients at 6, 12, 24, and 48 months after randomization. In this post-hoc subgroup analysis, we failed to demonstrate any significant reducing effects of Xuezhikang on BP in Chinese hypertensive patients with previous MI, suggesting that further prospective study on the effects of statins on BP would be needed, especially in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
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Wu KIS, Schmid-Schönbein GW. Nuclear factor kappa B and matrix metalloproteinase induced receptor cleavage in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Hypertension 2011; 57:261-8. [PMID: 21220710 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.158709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that inflammation in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is associated with an uncontrolled matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. We hypothesize that the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) is overexpressed in the SHR, enhancing its MMP activity and enzymatic cleavage of the β2 adrenergic receptor (β₂AR), thereby diminishing catecholamine-mediated arteriolar vasodilation. NFκB expression level and translocation were compared between Wistar Kyoto rat and SHR kidney, heart, and brain. The animals were treated with NFκB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, for 10 weeks and correlations between NFκB and MMP activity were determined. Immunohistochemistry showed that NFκB expression is increased in untreated SHR kidney (≈ 14%) and brain hypothalamus (≈ 22%) compared to that in Wistar Kyoto rats (P < 0.05), but not in myocardium and cerebral cortex. After pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate treatment, the SHR systolic blood pressure was reduced to close to Wistar Kyoto rat levels. NFκB expression level in treated SHR was also decreased in kidney and hypothalamus compared to nontreated animals (P < 0.05). Furthermore, MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities in SHR plasma were significantly reduced (≈ 41%) by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate treatment. Additionally, zymographic analyses and in situ zymography showed decreased MMP-2 activity in kidney homogenates and decreased MMP-1 and MMP-9 activities in brain. The level of the β₂AR extracellular, but not intracellular, domain density was found to be reduced in kidney, showing a receptor cleavage process that can be blocked by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate treatment. These results suggest NFκB is an important transcription factor in the SHR and may be involved in the enhanced MMP activity and, consequently, receptor cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan-I Sharon Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412, USA
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Rezzani R, Porteri E, De Ciuceis C, Bonomini F, Rodella LF, Paiardi S, Boari GE, Platto C, Pilu A, Avanzi D, Rizzoni D, Agabiti Rosei E. Effects of Melatonin and Pycnogenol on Small Artery Structure and Function in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Hypertension 2010; 55:1373-80. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.148254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It was suggested that oxidative stress has a key role in the development of endothelial dysfunction, as well as microvascular structural alterations. Therefore, we have investigated 2 substances with antioxidant properties: melatonin and Pycnogenol. We treated 7 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) with melatonin and 7 with Pycnogenol for 6 weeks. We compared results obtained with those observed in 7 SHRs and 7 Wistar-Kyoto normotensive control rats kept untreated. Mesenteric small resistance arteries were dissected and mounted on a wire myograph, and a concentration-response curve to acetylcholine was performed. Aortic contents of metalloproteinase 2, Bax, inducible NO synthase, and cyclooxygenase 2 were evaluated, together with the aortic content of total collagen and collagen subtypes and apoptosis rate. A small reduction in systolic blood pressure was observed. A significant improvement in mesenteric small resistance artery structure and endothelial function was observed in rats treated with Pycnogenol and melatonin. Total aortic collagen content was significantly greater in untreated SHRs compared with Wistar-Kyoto control rats, whereas a full normalization was observed in treated rats. Apoptosis rate was increased in the aortas of untreated SHRs compared with Wistar-Kyoto control rats; an even more pronounced increase was observed in treated rats. Bax and metalloproteinase 2 expressions changed accordingly. Cyclooxygenase 2 and inducible NO synthase were more expressed in the aortas of untreated SHRs compared with Wistar-Kyoto control rats; this pattern was normalized by both treatments. In conclusion, our data suggest that treatment with Pycnogenol and melatonin may protect the vasculature, partly independent of blood pressure reduction, probably through their antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Rezzani
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enzo Porteri
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Carolina De Ciuceis
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Bonomini
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi F. Rodella
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Paiardi
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gianluca E.M. Boari
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Caterina Platto
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Pilu
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniele Avanzi
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Damiano Rizzoni
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Agabiti Rosei
- From the Clinica Medica, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (E.P., C.D.C., S.P., G.E.M.B., C.P., A.P., D.A., D.R., E.A.R.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology (R.R., F.B., L.F.R.), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Van der Zwan LP, Scheffer PG, Dekker JM, Stehouwer CDA, Heine RJ, Teerlink T. Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress strengthen the association between myeloperoxidase and blood pressure. Hypertension 2010; 55:1366-72. [PMID: 20385972 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.147231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Scavenging of the vasodilator nitric oxide by myeloperoxidase activity in the vasculature may contribute to hypertension. Because hydrogen peroxide is a cosubstrate of myeloperoxidase, hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress may strengthen the relationship between myeloperoxidase and blood pressure. We investigated this relationship and its modification by hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in a population-based cohort of elderly subjects with normal glucose metabolism (n=267), impaired glucose metabolism (n=189), and type 2 diabetes (n=290). In an age- and sex-adjusted linear regression model, plasma myeloperoxidase was positively associated with systolic blood pressure (2.10 mm Hg per 1 SD increment of myeloperoxidase [95% CI: 0.66 to 3.54]), and this association was stronger at higher levels of fasting glucose (0.61 [-1.70 to 2.93], 1.33 [-1.43 to 4.10], and 3.42 [1.01 to 5.82] for increasing tertiles of glucose) and higher plasma levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (0.92 [-1.31 to 3.14], 2.00 [-0.71 to 4.70], and 3.58 [0.98 to 6.19] for increasing tertiles of oxidized low-density lipoprotein). Likewise, the relationship between myeloperoxidase and blood pressure was strongest under conditions associated with oxidative stress, like obesity, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. The strength of these associations was only marginally attenuated by adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors. Our data demonstrate that myeloperoxidase is positively and independently associated with blood pressure, and this association is strongest in subjects with (hyperglycemia-induced) oxidative stress. These observations, together with emerging evidence that myeloperoxidase-derived oxidants contribute to the initiation and propagation of cardiovascular disease, identify myeloperoxidase as a promising target for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard P Van der Zwan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Sturgis LC, Cannon JG, Schreihofer DA, Brands MW. The role of aldosterone in mediating the dependence of angiotensin hypertension on IL-6. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 297:R1742-8. [PMID: 19812355 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.90995.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Knockout (KO) of IL-6 has been shown to attenuate ANG II hypertension, and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) have been reported to contribute to the increase in IL-6 during acute ANG II infusion. This study determined whether that MR action is sustained with chronic ANG II infusion and whether it plays a role in mediating ANG II hypertension. ANG II infusion (90 ng/min) increased plasma IL-6 from 1.6 +/- 0.6 to 22.7 +/- 2.2 and 19.9 +/- 3.2 pg/ml on days 7 and 14, respectively, and chronic MR blockade with spironolactone attenuated that only at day 7 (7.2 +/- 2.2 pg/ml). ANG II increased MAP (19 h/day with telemetry) approximately 40 mmHg, but in ANG II+spironolactone mice (25 or 50 mg*kg(-1)*day(-1)), mean arterial pressure (MAP) was not significantly different despite a tendency for lower pressure the first 6 days. To isolate further the mineralocorticoid link to IL-6 and blood pressure, DOCA-salt hypertension was induced in IL-6 KO and wild-type (WT) mice. Plasma IL-6 increased from 4.1 +/- 1.7 to 34.5 +/- 7.0 pg/ml by day 7 of DOCA treatment in the WT mice but was back to control levels by day 14. An IL-6 bioassay using the murine B9, B-cell hybridoma cell line demonstrated that plasma IL-6 measurements reflected actual IL-6 bioactivity. The hypertension was not different and virtually superimposable in WT vs. IL-6 KO mice, averaging 145 +/- 2 and 144 +/- 3 mmHg, respectively. Both experiments confirm chronic stimulation of IL-6 by mineralocorticoids but show that it is transient. In addition, IL-6 was not required for mineralocorticoid hypertension. This suggests that aldosterone contributes to the increase in plasma IL-6 in the early stage of ANG II hypertension but that the blood pressure actions of IL-6 in that model are linked most likely to ANG II rather than aldosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaShon C Sturgis
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912-3000, USA
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Sonmez A, Dogru T, Yilmaz MI, Ocal R, Ozgurtas T, Kilic S, Eyileten T, Tasci I, Erbil K, Kocar IH. Soluble CD40 Ligand Levels in Patients with Hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2009; 27:629-34. [PMID: 16303639 DOI: 10.1080/10641960500298673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
CD40 ligand interaction with its receptor (CD40) not only mediates lymphocyte communication, but also associates with chronic inflammation and atherothrombosis. High soluble CD40L (sCD40L) levels were reported in dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and coronary disease. So far, there are no data about sCD40L levels in hypertension. We investigated sCD40L and high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in 30 nonobese young hypertensive men and 30 matched controls. sCD40L and hsCRP levels were not different, and there were no correlations between blood pressure and sCD40L or hsCRP levels. These results might indicate lack of any inflammatory state in new onset hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Sonmez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane School of Medicine, Etlik Ankara, Turkey.
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Huang G, Luo C, Gu X, Wu Z, Wang Z, Du Z, Hu C, Tang L. Mechanical Strain Induces Expression of C-Reactive Protein in Human Blood Vessels. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 330:206-11. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.109.150961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Liao TD, Yang XP, Liu YH, Shesely EG, Cavasin MA, Kuziel WA, Pagano PJ, Carretero OA. Role of inflammation in the development of renal damage and dysfunction in angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Hypertension 2008; 52:256-63. [PMID: 18541733 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.112706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension is associated with an inflammatory response that may contribute to the development of target organ damage. We tested the hypothesis that, in Ang II-induced hypertension, CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) activation plays an important role in the development of renal fibrosis, damage, and dysfunction by causing oxidative stress, macrophage infiltration, and cell proliferation. To test this hypothesis, we used CCR2 knockout mice (CCR2-/-). The natural ligand of CCR2 is monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, a chemokine important for macrophage recruitment and activation. CCR2-/- and age-matched wild-type (CCR2+/+) C57BL/6J mice were infused continuously with either Ang II (5.2 ng/10 g per minute) or vehicle via osmotic minipumps for 2 or 4 weeks. Ang II infusion caused similar increases in systolic blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in both strains of mice. However, in CCR2-/- mice with Ang II-induced hypertension, oxidative stress, macrophage infiltration, albuminuria, and renal damage were significantly decreased, and glomerular filtration rate was significantly higher than in CCR2+/+ mice. We concluded that, in Ang II-induced hypertension, CCR2 activation plays an important role in the development of hypertensive nephropathy via increased oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang-Dong Liao
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Blvd, Detroit MI 48202-2689, USA
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Morrison AC, Boerwinkle E, Turner ST, Ferrell RE. Regional association-based fine-mapping for sodium-lithium countertransport on chromosome 10. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21:117-21. [PMID: 18091754 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2007.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport (SLC) has been observed in patients with essential hypertension. Consistent evidence of genetic linkage was shown for SLC on chromosome 10, and a region of interest was localized between 26 and 56 Mb. METHODS This study surveyed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 54 genes that reside in the region of interest, and investigated their association with SLC and blood pressure. These SNPs were genotyped in 1,133 non-Hispanic white individuals from 255 pedigrees comprising the second phase of the Rochester Family Heart Study. The variance-components-based genetics software package SOLAR was used for evaluating whether an SNP contributed to a significant fraction of the trait heritability. RESULTS Of the 77 SNPs surveyed in this study across the region of interest, four SNPs were associated with SLC (P < 0.04), five SNPs were associated with blood pressure (P < 0.04), and two SNPs in mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) were associated with both phenotypes. In general, the pairwise linkage disequilibrium among the genotyped SNPs was low. CONCLUSIONS This fine-mapping survey of genetic variation in a linkage region of interest provides overall support for association-mapping for SLC on chromosome 10. Genes significantly associated with systolic blood pressure and/or SLC in these families will be prioritized for future studies.
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Tengattini S, Reiter RJ, Tan DX, Terron MP, Rodella LF, Rezzani R. Cardiovascular diseases: protective effects of melatonin. J Pineal Res 2008; 44:16-25. [PMID: 18078444 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2007.00518.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This brief review considers some of the cardiac diseases and conditions where free radicals and related reactants are believed to be causative. The report also describes the beneficial actions of melatonin against oxidative cardiovascular disorders. Based on the data available, melatonin seems to have cardioprotective properties via its direct free radical scavenger and its indirect antioxidant activity. Melatonin efficiently interacts with various reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species (receptor independent actions) and it also upregulates antioxidant enzymes and downregulates pro-oxidant enzymes (receptor-dependent actions). Moreover, melatonin enters all cells and subcellular compartments and crosses morphophysiologic barriers. These findings have implications for the protective effects of melatonin against cardiac diseases induced by oxidative stress. Melatonin attenuates molecular and cellular damages resulting from cardiac ischemia/reperfusion in which destructive free radicals are involved. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of melatonin are also involved in the protection against a chronic vascular disease, atherosclerosis. The administration of melatonin, as a result of its antioxidant features, has been reported to reduce hypertension and cardiotoxicity induced by clinically used drugs. The results described herein help to clarify the beneficial effects of melatonin against these conditions and define the potential clinical applicability of melatonin in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tengattini
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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The polymorphonuclear leukocyte contributes to the development of hypertension in the Sabra rat. J Hypertens 2007; 25:2249-56. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e3282dd79b6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Qin CC, Hui RT, Liu ZH. Aging-related cerebral microvascular degeneration is an important cause of essential hypertension. Med Hypotheses 2007; 70:643-5. [PMID: 17904759 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2007] [Accepted: 07/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Blood pressure usually rises with age and most patients with essential hypertension are the elderly people. From the standpoint of physiology, the benefit of increasing blood pressure is to provide adequate oxygenation and nutrition to the brain and other critical organs. They suggest the rise of blood pressure is a compensation for critic organs' hypoperfusion. Brain is the most vulnerable organ to over decrease of blood pressure. It must work with constant and very high blood flow. It is located at the uppermost point of the circulatory system. And cerebral hypoperfusion can effectively raise systemic blood pressure. So we deduce that brain hypoperfusion is an important reason for increased blood pressure in the elderly people. Aging-related microvascular degeneration plays an important role in development of cerebral hypoperfusion. There is a close relationship between microvascular degeneration and essential hypertension. The degenerative changes in microcirculation are found in essential hypertension. Essential hypertension and microvascular degeneration may share similar risk factors. Thus, we hypothesize that aging-related cerebral microvascular degeneration is an important cause of essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chang Qin
- Centre of Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
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