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Pentimalli F, Krstic-Demonacos M, Costa C, Mutti L, Bakker EY. Intratumor microbiota as a novel potential prognostic indicator in mesothelioma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1129513. [PMID: 36999042 PMCID: PMC10043377 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1129513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionDespite increased attention on immunotherapy, primarily immune checkpoint blockade, as a therapeutic approach for mesothelioma (MMe), its efficacy and tolerability remain questioned. One potential explanation for different responses to immunotherapy is the gut and intratumor microbiota; however, these remain an underexplored facet of MMe. This article highlights the cancer intratumor microbiota as a novel potential prognostic indicator in MMe.MethodsTCGA data on 86 MMe patients from cBioPortal underwent bespoke analysis. Median overall survival was used to divide patients into “Low Survivors” and “High Survivors”. Comparison of these groups generated Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and identification of differentially abundant microbiome signatures. Decontamination analysis refined the list of signatures, which were validated as an independent prognostic indicator through multiple linear regression modelling and Cox proportional hazards modelling. Finally, functional annotation analysis on the list of DEGs was performed to link the data together.Results107 genera signatures were significantly associated with patient survival (positively or negatively), whilst clinical characteristic comparison between the two groups demonstrated that epithelioid histology was more common in “High Survivors” versus biphasic in “Low Survivors”. Of the 107 genera, 27 had published articles related to cancer, whilst only one (Klebsiella) had MMe-related published articles. Functional annotation analysis of the DEGs between the two groups highlighted fatty acid metabolism as the most enriched term in “High Survivors”, whilst for “Low Survivors” the enriched terms primarily related to cell cycle/division. Linking these ideas and findings together is that the microbiome influences, and is influenced by, lipid metabolism. Finally, to validate the independent prognostic value of the microbiome, multiple linear regression modelling as well as Cox proportional hazards modelling were employed, with both approaches demonstrating that the microbiome was a better prognostic indicator than patient age or stage of the cancer.DiscussionThe findings presented herein, alongside the very limited literature from scoping searches to validate the genera, highlight the microbiome and microbiota as a potentially rich source of fundamental analysis and prognostic value. Further in vitro studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and functional links that may lead to altered survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pentimalli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University “Giuseppe DeGennaro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Marija Krstic-Demonacos
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Caterina Costa
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Scientific Institute for Research and Care (IRCCS)-Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luciano Mutti
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- *Correspondence: Luciano Mutti, , ; Emyr Yosef Bakker,
| | - Emyr Yosef Bakker
- School of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Luciano Mutti, , ; Emyr Yosef Bakker,
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Setlai BP, Mkhize-Kwitshana ZL, Mehrotra R, Mulaudzi TV, Dlamini Z. Microbiomes, Epigenomics, Immune Response, and Splicing Signatures Interplay: Potential Use of Combination of Regulatory Pathways as Targets for Malignant Mesothelioma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8991. [PMID: 36012262 PMCID: PMC9409175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesotheliomas (MM) are hard to treat malignancies with poor prognosis and high mortality rates. This cancer is highly misdiagnosed in Sub-Saharan African countries. According to literature, the incidence of MM is likely to increase particularly in low-middle-income countries (LMICs). The burden of asbestos-induced diseases was estimated to be about 231,000 per annum. Lack of awareness and implementation of regulatory frameworks to control exposure to asbestos fibers contributes to the expected increase. Exposure to asbestos fibers can lead to cancer initiation by several mechanisms. Asbestos-induced epigenetic modifications of gene expression machinery and non-coding RNAs promote cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, microbiome-epigenetic interactions control the innate and adaptive immunity causing exacerbation of cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. This review discusses epigenetic mechanisms with more focus on miRNAs and their interaction with the microbiome. The potential use of epigenetic alterations and microbiota as specific biomarkers to aid in the early detection and/or development of therapeutic targets is explored. The advancement of combinatorial therapies to prolong overall patient survival or possible eradication of MM especially if it is detected early is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botle Precious Setlai
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Pretoria 0007, South Africa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, Medical School Campus, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Zilungile Lynette Mkhize-Kwitshana
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, Medical School Campus, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Ravi Mehrotra
- India Cancer Research Consortium (ICMR-DHR), Department of Health Research, Red Cross Road, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Pretoria 0007, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
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Higuchi R, Goto T, Hirotsu Y, Otake S, Oyama T, Amemiya K, Mochizuki H, Omata M. Streptococcus australis and Ralstonia pickettii as Major Microbiota in Mesotheliomas. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11040297. [PMID: 33919754 PMCID: PMC8070724 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota has been reported to be correlated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, its involvement in the pathology of mesothelioma remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify mesothelioma-specific microbiota using resected or biopsied mesothelioma samples. Eight mesothelioma tissue samples were analyzed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the effective tags were analyzed in order to determine the taxon composition of each sample. For the three patients who underwent extra pleural pneumonectomy, normal peripheral lung tissues adjacent to the tumor were also included, and the same analysis was performed. In total, 61 OTUs were identified in the tumor and lung tissues, which were classified into 36 species. Streptococcus australis and Ralstonia pickettii were identified as abundant species in almost all tumor and lung samples. Streptococcus australis and Ralstonia pickettii were found to comprise mesothelioma-specific microbiota involved in tumor progression; thus, they could serve as targets for the prevention of mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumi Higuchi
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (R.H.); (S.O.)
| | - Taichiro Goto
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (R.H.); (S.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-55-253-7111
| | - Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (H.M.); (M.O.)
| | - Sotaro Otake
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (R.H.); (S.O.)
| | - Toshio Oyama
- Department of Pathology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan;
| | - Kenji Amemiya
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (H.M.); (M.O.)
| | - Hitoshi Mochizuki
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (H.M.); (M.O.)
| | - Masao Omata
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (H.M.); (M.O.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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