1
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Sulfonated polyaniline interlayer with controllable doping conditions for high-performance nanofiltration. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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2
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Tuneable ion transport by electrically responsive membranes under electrical assistance. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Polyaniline-based acid resistant membranes for controllable ion rejection performance. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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4
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Li Y, Gao R, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Liang S. Antifouling Conductive Composite Membrane with Reversible Wettability for Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060626. [PMID: 35736333 PMCID: PMC9231251 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Membrane fouling severely hinders the sustainable development of membrane separation technology. Membrane wetting property is one of the most important factors dominating the development of membrane fouling. Theoretically, a hydrophilic membrane is expected to be more resistant to fouling during filtration, while a hydrophobic membrane with low surface energy is more advantageous during membrane cleaning. However, conventional membrane materials do not possess the capability to change their wettability on demand. In this study, a stainless steel mesh–sulfosuccinate-doped polypyrrole composite membrane (SSM/PPY(AOT)) was prepared. By applying a negative or positive potential, the surface wettability of the membrane can be switched between hydrophilic and relatively hydrophobic states. Systematic characterizations and a series of filtration experiments were carried out. In the reduction state, the sulfonic acid groups of AOT were more exposed to the membrane surface, rendering the surface more hydrophilic. The fouling filtration experiments verified that the membrane is more resistant to fouling in the hydrophilic state during filtration and easier to clean in the hydrophobic state during membrane cleaning. Furthermore, Ca2+ and Mg2+ could complex with foulants, aggravating membrane fouling. Overall, this study demonstrates the importance of wettability switching in membrane filtration and suggests promising applications of the SSM/PPY(AOT) membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (R.G.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruonan Gao
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (R.G.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianwen Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (R.G.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (R.G.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuai Liang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.L.); (R.G.); (J.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence:
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5
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Puggioni G, Abd-Razak NH, Amura IF, Bird MR, Emanuelsson EA, Shahid S. Preparation and benchmarking of highly hydrophilic polyaniline poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) PANI PAMPSA membranes in the separation of sterols and proteins from fruit juice. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Alhweij H, Carolina Emanuelsson EA, Shahid S, Wenk J. High performance in-situ tuned self-doped polyaniline (PANI) membranes for organic solvent (nano)filtration. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Xu LL, Wang KP, Li KL, Zhao SY, Wang J. Development and performance of stable PANI/MWNT conductive membrane for contaminants degradation and anti-fouling behavior. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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8
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Li B, Tang W, Sun D, Li B, Ge Y, Ye X, Fang W. Electrochemical manufacture of graphene oxide/polyaniline conductive membrane for antibacterial application and electrically enhanced water permeability. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Alhweij H, Emanuelsson EAC, Shahid S, Wenk J. Simplified in-situ tailoring of cross-linked self-doped sulfonated polyaniline (S-PANI) membranes for nanofiltration applications. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Bandehali S, Parvizian F, Hosseini SM, Matsuura T, Drioli E, Shen J, Moghadassi A, Adeleye AS. Planning of smart gating membranes for water treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131207. [PMID: 34157628 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of membranes in desalination and water treatment has been intensively studied in recent years. The conventional membranes however have various problems such as uncontrollable pore size and membrane properties, which prevents membranes from quickly responding to alteration of operating and environmental conditions. As a result the membranes are fouled, and their separation performance is lowered. The preparation of smart gating membranes inspired by cell membranes is a new method to face these challenges. Introducing stimuli-responsive functional materials into traditional porous membranes and use of hydrogels and microgels can change surface properties and membrane pore sizes under different conditions. This review shows potential of smart gating membranes in water treatment. Various types of stimuli-response such as those of thermo-, pH-, ion-, molecule-, UV light-, magnetic-, redox- and electro-responsive gating membranes along with various gel types such as those of polyelectrolyte, PNIPAM-based, self-healing hydrogels and microgel based-smart gating membranes are discussed. Design strategies, separation mechanisms and challenges in fabrication of smart gating membranes in water treatment are also presented. It is demonstrated that experimental and modeling and simulation results have to be utilized effectively to produce smart gating membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Bandehali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - Fahime Parvizian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - Sayed Mohsen Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran.
| | - Takeshi Matsuura
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Enrico Drioli
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ITM), Via P. Bucci 17/C, Rende, CS, 87036, Italy; Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 45A, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Jiangnan Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Abdolreza Moghadassi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - Adeyemi S Adeleye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2175, USA
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11
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Xu L, Wang K, Wang J, Patterson DA. Linking the Tuneability and Defouling of Electrically Conductive Polyaniline/Exfoliated Graphite Composite Membranes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080631. [PMID: 34436394 PMCID: PMC8400208 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli responsive membranes, which are able to respond to environmental stimuli, are attracting ever-increasing interests. In this study, we blended exfoliated graphite (EG) into the polyaniline (PANI) and developed PANI/EG composite membranes. The properties of the new generated membranes, especially the stimuli response properties (e.g., electrical tuneability, deformation), were studied. The fouling removal ability of the membrane under applied electrical potential was also investigated by using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model foulant. A flat membrane with defect-free surface and good adhesion to the support layer was formed by non-solvent induced phase separation method. The electrical conductivity of the formed PANI/EG composite membrane was (5.10 ± 0.27) ×10-4 S cm-1. The dynamic droplet penetration rate through the membranes showed an increase under applied electrical potential, which gives a preliminary quantitative indication of the electrical tuneability of the membranes. The membrane deformation appeared at a fast response under applied potential and recovered to its original position immediately when removing the applied potential. The application of electrical potential led to the removal of BSA foulant from the membrane surface as indicated by the increase in permeance of the fouled membrane on cleaning with 46.2% flux recovery ratio and increased BSA concentration in the wash solution. The electrically conductive PANI/EG composite membranes are able to respond to electrical stimuli, enabling a new range of potential applications including externally tuneability and in situ removal and control of fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;
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12
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Zhang X, Zhang P, Lu M, Qi D, Müller-Buschbaum P, Zhong Q. Synergistic Stain Removal Achieved by Controlling the Fractions of Light and Thermo Responsive Components in the Dual-Responsive Copolymer Immobilized on Cotton Fabrics by Cross-Linker. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27372-27381. [PMID: 34081849 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced synergistic stain removal is realized by tailoring the comonomer fractions of a light- and thermo-dual responsive copolymer, which is immobilized on cotton fabrics by a cross-linker. The copolymer poly(acrylamide azobenzene-co-ethylene glycol methacrylate-co-triethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate), denoted P(AAAB1-co-EGMA2-co-MEO3MA17), is prepared by the ATRP polymerization method. The present molar ratio for these monomers is 1:2:17. Because of the existence of the light-responsive AAAB unit, the transition temperature of its aqueous solution under UV radiation is shifted to 39 °C, which is 2 °C higher than that in ambient conditions. This increase is caused by the trans-cis isomerization from the azobenzene groups, indicating an increased hydrophilicity of P(AAAB1-co-EGMA2-co-MEO3MA17) under UV radiation. After being immobilized onto cotton fabrics by a cross-linker, they are also dual-responsive. The equilibrium swelling ratio (ESR) of the cotton fabrics is further increased after UV radiation. Compared to our former investigation, the reduction of the AAAB molar fraction from 0.1 to 0.05 causes an increase of the ESR value by 10%. Moreover, the stain removal efficiency of the cotton fabrics immobilized with P(AAAB1-co-EGMA2-co-MEO3MA17) by cross-linker is also significantly improved under UV radiation. The hydrophilicity of the copolymer mainly from the MEO3MA units is crucial to the cleaning capability. Additionally lowering the attachment between stain and the copolymer coating on the cotton fabrics by trans-cis isomerization in those AAAB units also favors the cleaning. Hence, the stain removal is strongly improved by optimizing the fraction of light- versus thermo-responsive components in the copolymer, which can profoundly reduce the consumption of chemical detergents and energy during laundry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Min Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dongming Qi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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13
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Alhweij H, Amura I, Wenk J, Emanuelsson EAC, Shahid S. Self‐doped sulfonated polyaniline ultrafiltration membranes with enhanced chlorine resistance and antifouling properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Alhweij
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
- Department of Process engineering Stantec UK Limited, Dominion House Warrington UK
| | - Ida Amura
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
- Centre for Advanced Separations Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
| | - Jannis Wenk
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
| | - Emma Anna Carolina Emanuelsson
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
- Centre for Advanced Separations Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
| | - Salman Shahid
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
- Centre for Advanced Separations Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
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14
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Zhang X, Kreuzer LP, Schwaiger DM, Lu M, Mao Z, Cubitt R, Müller-Buschbaum P, Zhong Q. Abnormal fast dehydration and rehydration of light- and thermo-dual-responsive copolymer films triggered by UV radiation. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:2603-2613. [PMID: 33527960 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02007a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal fast dehydration and rehydration of light- and thermo-dual-responsive copolymer films of poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-6-(4-phenylazophenoxy)hexyl acrylate), abbreviated as P(OEGMA300-co-PAHA), are triggered by UV radiation. Both rapid kinetic processes are probed by in situ neutron reflectivity (NR). The transition temperatures (TTs) of P(OEGMA300-co-PAHA) are 53.0 (ambient conditions) and 52.5 °C (UV radiation, λ = 365 nm). Thin P(OEGMA300-co-PAHA) films show a random distribution of OEGMA300 and PAHA segments. They swell in a D2O vapor atmosphere at 23 °C (below TT) to a swelling ratio d/das-prep of 1.61 ± 0.01 and exhibit a D2O volume fraction φ(D2O) of 39.3 ± 0.5%. After being exposed to UV radiation for only 60 s, d/das-prep and φ(D2O) significantly decrease to 1.00 ± 0.01 and 13.4 ± 0.5%, respectively. Although the UV-induced trans-cis isomerization of the azobenzene in PAHA induces increased hydrophilicity, the configuration change causes a breaking of the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between OEGMA300 and D2O molecules and unexpected film shrinkage. As compared to thermal stimulus-induced dehydration, the present dehydration rate is 100 times faster. Removal of the UV radiation causes immediate rehydration. After 200 s, d/das-prep and φ(D2O) recover to their hydrated states, which is also 30 times faster than the initial hydration. At 60 °C (above TT), thin P(OEGMA300-co-PAHA) films switch to their collapsed state and are insensitive to UV radiation. Thus, the UV-induced fast dehydration and rehydration depend on the existence of hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lucas P Kreuzer
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Dominik M Schwaiger
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Min Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany. and Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China. and Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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15
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Amura IF, Shahid S, Sarihan A, Shen J, Patterson DA, Emanuelsson EAC. Fabrication of self-doped sulfonated polyaniline membranes with enhanced antifouling ability and improved solvent resistance. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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17
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Xu LL, Liu L, Wang KP, Zhao SY, Liu QY, Zhang Y, Wang J. Development of a novel electrocoagulation membrane reactor with electrically conductive membranes as cathode to mitigate membrane fouling. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Li B, Sun D, Li B, Tang W, Ren P, Yu J, Zhang J. One-Step Electrochemically Prepared Graphene/Polyaniline Conductive Filter Membrane for Permeation Enhancement by Fouling Mitigation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:2209-2222. [PMID: 32050074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the electrofiltration process, membrane conductivity plays a decisive role in improving the antifouling performance of the membrane. In this paper, combining the preparation of graphene (Gr) with the fabrication of the Gr layer on the surface of a polyaniline (PANI) membrane, a graphene/PANI (Gr/PANI) conductive membrane was prepared creatively by the one-step electrochemical method. The properties of the as-prepared Gr/PANI membrane were studied systematically. By the tests of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy, it was confirmed that Gr was successfully produced and was combined with the PANI membrane well. Field scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis further confirmed that the top surface and the upper layer pore walls of the membrane were randomly covered by Gr. The antifouling performance of the prepared membrane was evaluated by studying the permeation flux of the yeast suspension, compared with the ones with no electric field: the total permeation flux at 1 V direct current (dc) increased by 109%; besides, under 1 V dc, the average flux of the Gr/PANI membrane was approximately 1.4 times that of the PANI membrane. This approach may provide a promising strategy for the combination of Gr with conductive polymers to produce separation membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojun Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - De Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ping Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jingtong Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Miranda DO, Dorneles MF, Oréfice RL. A facile and low-cost route for producing a flexible hydrogel–PANI electrolyte/counter electrode applicable in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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