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Cen Y, Feng D, Kowsar R, Cheng Z, Luo Y, Xiao Q. Sex-Specific Variations in the mRNA Levels of Candidate Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Diabetes: A Multistep Study. Endocr Res 2024; 49:59-74. [PMID: 37947760 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2023.2280571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most prevalent diseases that also show sexual dimorphism in many different aspects. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to distinguish the mRNA expression of genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in men or women with T2D using a multistep analysis. METHODS A total of 95 patients with T2D were compared based on their sex in terms of clinical variables and mRNA expression in their PBMCs. RESULTS Men with T2D had lower LDLC, HDLC, and HbA1c values in their blood, but greater creatinine levels. In men with T2D, TLR4, CCR2, NOX2, and p67phox mRNA expression was greater, but IL6 and NF-κB mRNA expression was lesser in PBMCs. There was a link between fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglycerides, and hs-CRP, as well as COX1 mRNA in men with T2D. In women with T2D, FPG was associated with the mRNA expression of THBS1 and p67phox, as well as triglycerides and HDLC levels. We found the exclusive effect of FPG on HDLC, HbA1c, as well as p67phox mRNA in PBMCs of women with T2D. Analysis revealed the exclusive effect of FPG on hs-CRP and PAFR mRNA in PBMCs of men with T2D. FPG was shown to be associated with body mass index, hs-CRP, triglycerides, and COX1 mRNA in men with T2D, and with serum triglycerides, THSB1, and p67phox mRNA in women with T2D, according to network analysis. HbA1c was linked with NF-κB mRNA in women with T2D. CONCLUSIONS Using a multistep analysis, it was shown that network analysis outperformed traditional analytic techniques in identifying sex-specific alterations in mRNA gene expression in PBMCs of T2D patients. The development of sex-specific therapeutic approaches may result from an understanding of these disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Cen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dana Feng
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rasoul Kowsar
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Guantian Community Healthcare Center, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Guantian Community Healthcare Center, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingyu Xiao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Jabłonowska-Lietz B, Nowicka G, Włodarczyk M, Rejowski S, Stasiowska M, Wrzosek M. Initial Weight Loss, Anthropometric Parameters, and Proinflammatory Transcript Levels in Patients with Class I Obesity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2304. [PMID: 37626800 PMCID: PMC10452077 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into early predictors of effective weight loss could help determine more effective therapeutic interventions. In this study, 106 subjects with class I obesity, genotyped with the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9930506 gene variant, were enrolled into a 12-week weight loss program (WLP). Anthropometric and body composition measurements were controlled with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) at baseline and after 4 and 12 weeks. Biopsies of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) and venous blood samples were collected to monitor changes in interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) mRNA levels in white blood cells (WBCs) and to assess if changes in WBC gene expression reflected changes in adipose tissue. The FTO rs9930506 variant had no effect on weight loss and no reduction in proinflammatory transcripts in WBCs or AT. Changes in anthropometric parameters were associated with changes in carbohydrate metabolism. A linear regression model showed that initial weight loss (after 4 weeks of the WLP) was the most predictive factor of weight loss success after 12 weeks of the WLP. Changes in plasma lipids or proinflammatory transcript levels in WBCs or AT were not associated with weight loss effectiveness. However, the gene expression in WBCs did reflect changes occurring in subcutaneous AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Jabłonowska-Lietz
- Medical Center, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska St., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Nowicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Rejowski
- Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1A Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Stasiowska
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University College London Hospital, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Małgorzata Wrzosek
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Cimini FA, Tramutola A, Barchetta I, Ceccarelli V, Gangitano E, Lanzillotta S, Lanzillotta C, Cavallo MG, Barone E. Dynamic Changes of BVRA Protein Levels Occur in Response to Insulin: A Pilot Study in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087282. [PMID: 37108445 PMCID: PMC10138944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biliverdin reductase-A (BVRA) is involved in the regulation of insulin signaling and the maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Previous research showed that BVRA alterations are associated with the aberrant activation of insulin signaling in dysmetabolic conditions. However, whether BVRA protein levels change dynamically within the cells in response to insulin and/or glucose remains an open question. To this aim, we evaluated changes of intracellular BVRA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in a group of subjects with different levels of insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, we looked for significant correlations with clinical measures. Our data show that BVRA levels change dynamically during the OGTT in response to insulin, and greater BVRA variations occur in those subjects with lower insulin sensitivity. Changes of BVRA significantly correlate with indexes of increased insulin resistance and insulin secretion (HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, and insulinogenic index). At the multivariate regression analysis, the insulinogenic index independently predicted increased BVRA area under curve (AUC) during the OGTT. This pilot study showed, for the first time, that intracellular BVRA protein levels change in response to insulin during OGTT and are greater in subjects with lower insulin sensitivity, supporting the role of BVR-A in the dynamic regulation of the insulin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Agata Cimini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Tramutola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Barchetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Gangitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Lanzillotta
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Lanzillotta
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Eugenio Barone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Hoseini R, Rahim HA, Ahmed JK. Concurrent alteration in inflammatory biomarker gene expression and oxidative stress: how aerobic training and vitamin D improve T2DM. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:165. [PMID: 35733163 PMCID: PMC9214191 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03645-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D (Vit D) supplementation and Aerobic Training (AT) exert several beneficial effects such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. The literature on the effects of AT and Vit D supplementation on the oxidative stress biomarkers and gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is limited. The present study aimed to examine the effects of AT and Vit D supplementation on inflammation and oxidative stress signaling pathways in T2DM patients. Materials and methods In this single-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 48 men with T2DM (aged 35–50 years with Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25–30 kg/m2) were randomly allocated into four groups: AT+Vit D (n = 10); AT + placebo (AT; n = 10); Vit D (n = 10), and Control + placebo (C; n = 10). The eight-week AT program was executed for 20–40 min/day, at 60–75% of heart rate maximum (HRmax), for 3 days/wks. The Vit D group received 50,000 IU of Vit D supplement capsules per week for 8 weeks. The serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers and gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were evaluated using the RT-PCR method. To analyze the data, paired t-tests and one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test were used at the significance level of P < 0.05. Results The result shows that serum 25-OH-Vit D, total nitrite, Total Glutathione (GSH), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) increased; and insulin, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), Malondialdehyde (MDA), glycated albumin, and Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanine (8-OHdG) decreased significantly in all groups after 8 weeks, except for C. In addition, results of RT-PCR showed that AT+Vit D, Vit D, and AT significantly downregulated the gene expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1β), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases 1 (MAPK1), Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) 1 (p50). It also upregulated Interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene expression, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPAR-γ) in T2DM patients compared to the C. Conclusion Additionally, the AT+Vit D group showed significantly lower insulin, FBG, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP, MDA, glycated albumin, urinary 8-OHdG, IL-1β, TNF-α, MAPK1, and NF-κB1 (p50) levels and significantly higher serum 25-OH-Vit D, total nitrite, GSH, TAC, CAT, SOD, GPX, IL-4, and PPAR-γ levels compared to the AT and Vit D groups. In T2DM patients, 8 weeks of AT+Vit D had a more significant impact on certain gene expressions related to inflammation and oxidative stress than Vit D or AT alone.
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Binou P, Yanni AE, Kartsioti K, Barmpagianni A, Konstantopoulos P, Karathanos VT, Kokkinos A. Wheat Biscuits Enriched with Plant-Based Protein Contribute to Weight Loss and Beneficial Metabolic Effects in Subjects with Overweight/Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122516. [PMID: 35745249 PMCID: PMC9231350 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the impact of daily consumption of a snack fortified with plant proteins with high content in amino acids with appetite regulating properties (BCAAs and L-arginine), as part of a dietary intervention, on weight loss. Seventy adults without diabetes (26 male, 44 female) and with overweight/obesity participated in a 12-week restricted dietary intervention and were randomized to either a control or an intervention group, consuming daily 70 g of conventional wheat biscuits (CB) or an isocaloric amount of wheat biscuits enriched with plant proteins (PB) originating from legumes and seeds, respectively. Anthropometric characteristics were measured and venous blood samples were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Decreases in body weight, body fat mass and waist circumference were observed in both groups. Participants in the intervention group experienced greater weight loss (7.6 ± 2.7 vs. 6.2 ± 2.7%, p = 0.025) and marginally significant larger decrease in body fat mass (4.9 ± 2.2 vs. 3.9 ± 2.4 kg, p = 0.059). A moderate reduction in IL-1β levels (p = 0.081), a significantly higher decrease in TNF-α levels (p < 0.001) and a marginally significant greater leptin decrease (p = 0.066) in subjects of the PB group were noticed. Greater reductions in caloric and carbohydrate intake and a trend towards a higher decrease in fat intake were also observed in participants of this group. Incorporation of plant-based proteins with high content in amino acids with appetite-regulating properties in wheat biscuits may contribute to greater weight loss and improvement of metabolic parameters in subjects who are overweight or obese. Protein enrichment of snacks offers a beneficial qualitative manipulation that could be successfully incorporated in a diet plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Binou
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (K.K.); (V.T.K.)
| | - Amalia E. Yanni
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (K.K.); (V.T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2109549174
| | - Klio Kartsioti
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (K.K.); (V.T.K.)
| | - Aikaterini Barmpagianni
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Panagiotis Konstantopoulos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgery Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vaios T. Karathanos
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece; (P.B.); (K.K.); (V.T.K.)
| | - Alexander Kokkinos
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.B.); (A.K.)
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Kemalasari I, Fitri NA, Sinto R, Tahapary DL, Harbuwono DS. Effect of calorie restriction diet on levels of C reactive protein (CRP) in obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102388. [PMID: 35219261 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic inflammation in obese patients can be managed through a calorie-restricted diet, characterized by reduced C - reactive protein (CRP). This study aims to assess the role of such diet on CRP. METHODS Literature searches were performed using search engines. Randomized controlled trials were included. Calorie-restricted diets in combination with non-diet interventions were excluded. RESULTS Calorie restriction decreased CRP in obese patients with a mean difference of -0.22 (95% CI -0.40 to -0.04, p 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Calorie-restricted diet reduces CRP. Diet administration >12 weeks had a beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Kemalasari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Robert Sinto
- Tropical Diseases and Infections Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Indonesia; The Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine (CEEBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Dicky L Tahapary
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dante Saksono Harbuwono
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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Frühbeck G, Catalán V, Ramírez B, Valentí V, Becerril S, Rodríguez A, Moncada R, Baixauli J, Silva C, Escalada J, Gómez-Ambrosi J. Serum Levels of IL-1 RA Increase with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Relation to Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and are Reduced After Bariatric Surgery in Parallel to Adiposity. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1331-1345. [PMID: 35237063 PMCID: PMC8884708 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s354095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excess adiposity leads to a dysfunctional adipose tissue that contributes to the development of obesity-associated comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) is a naturally occurring antagonist of the IL-1 receptor with anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to compare the circulating concentrations of IL-1RA and its mRNA expression in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in subjects with normal weight (NW), obesity with normoglycemia (OB-NG), or obesity with impaired glucose tolerance or T2D (OB-IGT&T2D) and to analyze the effect of changes in body fat percentage (BF%) on IL-1RA levels. Methods Serum concentrations of IL-1RA were measured in 156 volunteers. Expression of IL1RN mRNA in VAT obtained from 36 individuals was determined. In addition, the concentrations of IL-1RA were measured before and after weight gain as well as weight loss following a dietetic program or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Results Serum levels of IL-1RA were significantly increased in individuals with obesity, being further increased in the OB-IGT&T2D group (NW 440 ± 316, OB-NG 899 ± 562, OB-IGT&T2D 1265 ± 739 pg/mL; P<0.001) and associated with markers of inflammation and fatty liver. IL1RN mRNA expression in VAT was significantly increased in the OB-IGT&T2D group and correlated in the global cohort with the mRNA expression of SPP1, CCL2, CD68, and MMP9. Levels of IL-1RA were not modified after modest changes in BF%, but RYGB-induced weight loss significantly decreased IL-1RA concentrations from 1233 ± 1009 to 660 ± 538 pg/mL (P<0.001). Conclusion Serum IL-1RA concentrations are increased in patients with obesity being further elevated in obesity-associated IGT and T2D in association with markers of adipose tissue dysfunction. The mRNA expression of IL1RN is markedly increased in VAT of subjects with obesity and T2D in relation with genes involved in macrophage recruitment, inflammation and matrix remodeling. Serum IL-1RA concentrations are reduced when a notable amount of BF% is loss. Measurement of IL-1RA is an excellent biomarker of adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity-associated metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Victoria Catalán
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ramírez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Víctor Valentí
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Becerril
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Moncada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Anesthesia, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jorge Baixauli
- Department of Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Camilo Silva
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Escalada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: Javier Gómez-Ambrosi, Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona, 31008, Spain, Tel +34 948 425600 (ext. 806567), Email
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Hwang SY, An JH, Kim KB, Lee JH, Park SM, Oh YI, Chae HK, Youn HY. Gene expression of adipokines and inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of obese dogs. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:517-523. [PMID: 35044092 PMCID: PMC8959286 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have been identified as a possible marker of inflammation in obesity. Understanding the expression of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in PBMCs in obese dogs will help control obesity‐related inflammatory diseases. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of PBMCs in obesity‐associated chronic inflammation by analyzing the expression of adipokines and inflammatory cytokines. Methods Blood samples were obtained from 25 subjects and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction determinations were performed to quantify the gene expression levels of adipokines and inflammatory cytokines, including TNF‐α, IL‐17, leptin, MCP‐1, and adiponectin, in the PBMCs. Results The results showed that the gene expression levels of TNF‐α (p < 0.001), IL‐17 (p < 0.0001), and leptin (p < 0.0001) were strongly upregulated in the PBMCs of obese dogs compared to that in non‐obese dogs. Conclusions The changes in gene expression levels of inflammation‐related adipokines and pro‐inflammatory cytokines occur in PBMCs, which may contribute to the low‐grade chronic inflammation that is present in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Young Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun An
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Bo Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Min Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-In Oh
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Kyu Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cimini FA, Barchetta I, Zuliani I, Pagnotta S, Bertoccini L, Dule S, Zampieri M, Reale A, Baroni MG, Cavallo MG, Barone E. Biliverdin reductase-A protein levels are reduced in type 2 diabetes and are associated with poor glycometabolic control. Life Sci 2021; 284:119913. [PMID: 34453944 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Biliverdin reductase-A (BVR-A) other than its canonical role in the degradation pathway of heme as partner of heme oxygenase-1 (HO1), has recently drawn attention as a protein with pleiotropic functions involved in insulin-glucose homeostasis. However, whether BVR-A expression is altered in type 2 diabetes (T2D) has never been evaluated. MAIN METHODS BVR-A protein levels were evaluated in T2D (n = 44) and non-T2D (n = 29) subjects, who underwent complete clinical workup and routine biochemistry. In parallel, levels HO1, whose expression is regulated by BVR-A as well as levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), which is a known repressor for BVR-A with pro-inflammatory properties, were also assessed. KEY FINDINGS BVR-A levels were significantly lower in T2D subjects than in non-T2D subjects. Reduced BVR-A levels were associated with greater body mass, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides, transaminases and TNFα, and with lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Lower BVR-A levels are associated with reduced HO1 protein levels and the multivariate analysis showed that BVR-A represented the main determinant of HO1 levels in T2D after adjustment. In addition, reduced BVR-A levels were able to predict the presence of T2D with AUROC = 0.69. for potential confounders. SIGNIFICANCE Our results demonstrate for the first time that BVR-A protein levels are reduced in T2D individuals, and that this alteration strictly correlates with poor glycometabolic control and a pro-inflammatory state. Hence, these observations reinforce the hypothesis that reduced BVR-A protein levels may represent a key event in the dysregulation of intracellular pathways finally leading to metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilaria Barchetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zuliani
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Sara Pagnotta
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Laura Bertoccini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Dule
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Zampieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Reale
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Giorgio Baroni
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences (MeSVA), University of L'Aquila, Italy; Neuroendocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Is, Italy
| | | | - Eugenio Barone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
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10
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Rahimi GRM, Yousefabadi HA, Niyazi A, Rahimi NM, Alikhajeh Y. Effects of Lifestyle Intervention on Inflammatory Markers and Waist Circumference in Overweight/Obese Adults With Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Biol Res Nurs 2021; 24:94-105. [PMID: 34702086 DOI: 10.1177/10998004211044754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity and an imbalanced diet could lead to some cardio metabolic risk factors. OBJECTIVE The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of lifestyle modification on inflammatory indicators and waist circumference (WC) in overweight/obese subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS). DATA SOURCES A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. STUDY SELECTION The selection criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of lifestyle interventions on inflammation and WC from inception to 20 December 2020. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) between interventions were computed using a random or fixed-effects model. RESULTS Six RCTs (including 1246 MS patients who had, on average, overweight/obesity) met all inclusion criteria. Interventions lasted 6 to 12 months (2-5 sessions per week). Lifestyle intervention significantly reduced C-reactive protein (WMD: -0.52 mg/ml, 95% CI: -0.72, -0.33), IL-6 (WMD: -0.50 pg/ml, 95% CI: -0.56, -0.45), and increased adiponectin (WMD: 0.81 µg/ml, 95% CI, 0.64, 0.98). Moreover, lifestyle modification significantly decreased WC (WMD: -3.12 cm, 95% CI, -4.61, -1.62). CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence that lifestyle alterations, including physical activity and diet, can lead to significant improvement in abdominal obesity, measured by WC and some inflammation markers among overweight/obese individuals with MS. Further high-quality research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying the effect of such interventions on this population's inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arghavan Niyazi
- Sanabad Institution of Higher Education Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Yaser Alikhajeh
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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11
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Felice F, Mancini S, Di Stefano R. The importance of Mediterranean diet and hydration habitus in patients with lower limb ulcers: A pilot study. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR NURSING 2021; 39:76-83. [PMID: 34507704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvn.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic leg ulcers are a common condition among adults, causing pain and social distress. Population aging has contributed to the amplification of the disease with increased cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, stroke, limb ischemia, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the Mediterranean Diet (MD) and hydration on the healing rate of the ulcers. A group of 35 patients (M/F 16/19, mean age 78 ± 10 years) with venous, arterial, or mixed ulcers was subjected to a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and a Hydration Habits Questionnaire (HHQ). Clinical and anthropometric data were collected. A one-year follow-up was conducted. Complete ulcer healing was observed in 26% of the patients, of whom 67% had a habit of high hydration (more than 1 liter /day), regardless of adherence to the MD. In our study population, about half showed a low adherence to the MD. A moderate-high adherence to the MD showed an increase of arterial ulcer healing compared to subjects with a low adherence to the MD, however, only when associated to a consumption of more than 1 liter of water daily. In conclusion, dietary assessments could help identify patients who are likely to benefit from nutritional interventions for improving overall health and wound healing. The habit of high hydration, namely more than 1 liter daily, can influence the wound healing rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Felice
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandra Mancini
- Cardioangiology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossella Di Stefano
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; SD Sport Medicine Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa 56100, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
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12
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The Effect of Caloric Restriction with and without n-3 PUFA Supplementation on Bone Turnover Markers in Blood of Subjects with Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093096. [PMID: 34578973 PMCID: PMC8465881 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Weight loss contributes to an increased risk of hip fracture, especially in postmenopausal women. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation could diminish the adverse effect of weight loss on bone health. The aim of this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind parallel trial was to investigate the effect of caloric restriction and n-3 PUFA supplement intake on osteogenic markers (carboxylated osteocalcin (Gla-OC); procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (PINP)), as well as a bone resorption marker (C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I)) in a serum of 64 middle aged individuals (BMI 25-40 kg/m2) with abdominal obesity. Bone remodeling, metabolic and inflammatory parameters and adipokines were determined before and after 3 months of an isocaloric diet (2300-2400 kcal/day) or a low-calorie diet (1200 kcal/day for women and 1500 kcal/day for men) along with n-3 PUFA (1.8 g/day) or placebo capsules. CTX-I and adiponectin concentrations were increased following 7% weight loss independently of supplement use. Changes in CTX-I were positively associated with changes in adiponectin level (rho = 0.25, p = 0.043). Thus, an increase in serum adiponectin caused by body weight loss could adversely affect bone health. N-3 PUFAs were without effect.
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13
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Nayor M, Shah SH, Murthy V, Shah RV. Molecular Aspects of Lifestyle and Environmental Effects in Patients With Diabetes: JACC Focus Seminar. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 78:481-495. [PMID: 34325838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is characterized as an integrated condition of dysregulated metabolism across multiple tissues, with well-established consequences on the cardiovascular system. Recent advances in precision phenotyping in biofluids and tissues in large human observational and interventional studies have afforded a unique opportunity to translate seminal findings in models and cellular systems to patients at risk for diabetes and its complications. Specifically, techniques to assay metabolites, proteins, and transcripts, alongside more recent assessment of the gut microbiome, underscore the complexity of diabetes in patients, suggesting avenues for precision phenotyping of risk, response to intervention, and potentially novel therapies. In addition, the influence of external factors and inputs (eg, activity, diet, medical therapies) on each domain of molecular characterization has gained prominence toward better understanding their role in prevention. Here, the authors provide a broad overview of the role of several of these molecular domains in human translational investigation in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Nayor
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. https://twitter.com/MattNayor
| | - Svati H Shah
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA. https://twitter.com/SvatiShah
| | - Venkatesh Murthy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. https://twitter.com/venkmurthy
| | - Ravi V Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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14
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ZARE MOAIEDI M, AHMADPOOR F, RASHIDI M, AHMADZADEH A, SALMASI AA, MOHAMMADZADEH G. The association between mRNA expression of resistin, TNF- α, IL-6, IL-8, and ER-α in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and breast cancer. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:1345-1353. [PMID: 33517609 PMCID: PMC8283432 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2008-292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipocytokines, adipose tissue-derived proteins, were demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. We assessed the mRNA expression of resistin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukins 6 and 8 (IL-6, and IL-8), and estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of women with and without breast cancer. METHODS The PBMCs were isolated from the whole blood of 32 women with breast cancer and 18 women without breast cancer using density gradient centrifugation. The mRNA expression of the target genes was measured by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Body mass index was calculated, additionally, clinicopathological characteristics of the breast cancer patients were determined by histopathological examination. RESULTS The mRNA expression of resistin (3.5-fold) and IL-6 (15-fold) in PBMCs of breast cancer patients significantly increased in comparison to healthy controls. Resistin expression was significantly associated with inflammatory markers including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, but not with anthropometric indices. Logistic regression analysis revealed the studied adipokines were not associated with breast cancer. Based on the ROC curve analysis the diagnostic performance of IL-6 was significant (0.825, 95% CI: 0.549-0.94, p = 0.030), thus, it might be considered as a breast cancer biomarker that reflecting an early and inflammatory stage of the disease. DISCUSSION Breast cancer is not associated with increased expression of inflammatory cytokines in PBMCs. Our results suggested that a PBMC-based gene expression test may be developed to detect breast cancer early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maasoumeh ZARE MOAIEDI
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, AhvazIran
| | - Fatemeh AHMADPOOR
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, AhvazIran
| | - Mojtaba RASHIDI
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, AhvazIran
| | - Ahmad AHMADZADEH
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Firoozgar Clinical Research Development Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, TehranIran
| | - Amir Ahmad SALMASI
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, AhvazIran
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, AhvazIran
| | - Ghorban MOHAMMADZADEH
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Hyperlipidemia Research center, AhvazIran
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15
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Valenzuela PL, Carrera-Bastos P, Gálvez BG, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Ordovas JM, Ruilope LM, Lucia A. Lifestyle interventions for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Nat Rev Cardiol 2020; 18:251-275. [PMID: 33037326 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-00437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension affects approximately one third of the world's adult population and is a major cause of premature death despite considerable advances in pharmacological treatments. Growing evidence supports the use of lifestyle interventions for the prevention and adjuvant treatment of hypertension. In this Review, we provide a summary of the epidemiological research supporting the preventive and antihypertensive effects of major lifestyle interventions (regular physical exercise, body weight management and healthy dietary patterns), as well as other less traditional recommendations such as stress management and the promotion of adequate sleep patterns coupled with circadian entrainment. We also discuss the physiological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of these lifestyle interventions on hypertension, which include not only the prevention of traditional risk factors (such as obesity and insulin resistance) and improvements in vascular health through an improved redox and inflammatory status, but also reduced sympathetic overactivation and non-traditional mechanisms such as increased secretion of myokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Carrera-Bastos
- Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skane, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Research Institute of the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Ordovas
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,IMDEA Alimentacion, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Ruilope
- Research Institute of the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. .,Research Institute of the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Barrea L, Muscogiuri G, Frias-Toral E, Laudisio D, Pugliese G, Castellucci B, Garcia-Velasquez E, Savastano S, Colao A. Nutrition and immune system: from the Mediterranean diet to dietary supplementary through the microbiota. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3066-3090. [PMID: 32691606 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1792826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between nutrition and the immune system is very complex. In particular, at every stage of the immune response, specific micronutrients, including vitamins and minerals play a key role and often synergistic, and the deficiency of only one essential nutrient may impair immunity. An individual's overall nutrition status and pattern of dietary intake (comprised of nutrients and non-nutritive bioactive compounds and food) and any supplementation with nutraceuticals including vitamins and minerals, can influence positively or negatively the function of the immune system. This influence can occur at various levels from the innate immune system and adaptive immune system to the microbiome. Although there are conflicting evidence, the current results point out that dietary supplementation with some nutrients such as vitamin D and zinc may modulate immune function. An update on the complex relationship between nutrition, diet, and the immune system through gut microbiota is the aim of this current review. Indeed, we will provide the overview of the link among immune function, nutrition and gut microbiota, paying particular attention at the effect of the Mediterranean diet on the immune system, and finally we will speculate the possible role of the main one functional supplements on immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Laudisio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Bianca Castellucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Savastano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile," University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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17
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Orellano LAA, de Almeida SA, Pereira LX, Machado CT, Viana CTR, Andrade SP, Campos PP. Implant-induced inflammatory angiogenesis is up-regulated in obese mice. Microvasc Res 2020; 131:104014. [PMID: 32450153 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The damaging effects of obesity extend to multiple pre-existing tissue/organs. However, the influence of this condition on key components (inflammation and angiogenesis) of fibrovascular connective proliferating tissue, essential in repair processes, has been neglected. Our objective in this study was to investigate whether obesity would influence inflammatory-angiogenesis induced by synthetic matrix of polyether-polyurethane implanted subcutaneously in high-fat-fed obese C57/BL6 mice. Fourteen days after implantation, the inflammatory and angiogenic components of the newly formed tissue intra-implant were evaluated. The pro-inflammatory enzyme activities, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), the levels of TNF-α, CXCL1/KC and CCL2 and NF-κB transcription factor were examined. Angiogenesis was determined by morphometric analysis of implant blood vessels, intra-implant levels of hemoglobin content, VEGF levels, and western blot for VEGFR2. All inflammatory and angiogenic markers were increased in the implants of obese mice compared with their non-obese counterparts. Similarly, activation of the NF-κB pathway and phosphorylation of VEGFR2 were higher in implants of obese mice (1.60 ± 0.28 Np65/Cp65; 0.96 ± 0.08 p-VEGFR2/VEGFR2-T) compared with implants of non-obese animals (1.40 ± 0.14; 0.49 ± 0.08). These observations suggest that obesity exerts critical role in sponge-induced inflammatory-angiogenesis, possibly by activating fibrovascular components in the inflamed microenvironment. Thus, this pathological condition causes damage not only to pre-existing tissues/organs but also to newly formed proliferating fibrovascular tissue. This is relevant to the development of therapeutic approaches to improve healing processes in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Alejandra Ariza Orellano
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 - Campus Pampulha, Cx Post 468, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Simone Aparecida de Almeida
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 - Campus Pampulha, Cx Post 468, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana Xavier Pereira
- Nursing Department, Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Manoel Severino Barbosa Bom Sucesso - Campus Arapiraca, CEP: 57309-005 Arapiraca, AL, Brazil
| | - Clara Tolentino Machado
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 - Campus Pampulha, Cx Post 468, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Celso Tarso Rodrigues Viana
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 - Campus Pampulha, Cx Post 468, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvia Passos Andrade
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 - Campus Pampulha, Cx Post 468, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Paula Peixoto Campos
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 - Campus Pampulha, Cx Post 468, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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18
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Phillips CL, Grayson BE. The immune remodel: Weight loss-mediated inflammatory changes to obesity. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:109-121. [PMID: 31955604 PMCID: PMC7016415 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219900185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an escalating world problem that contributes to the complexity and cost of treatment of metabolic disorders. Obesity is the result of increased storage of energy in the form of adipose tissue, reducing the quality of daily life, and interfering with longevity. Obesity is also a chronic, low-grade inflammatory disorder. The inflammatory processes affect many organ systems with expanded numbers of immune cells and increased cytokine production. Long-term weight loss is difficult to achieve and maintain. Lifestyle modifications, pharmacologic treatments, and surgical methods are increasingly utilized to ameliorate excess body weight and the comorbidities of obesity, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and cancers. Weight loss is also touted to reduce inflammation. Here we review the current literature on human obesity-related systemic and local changes to the immune system and circulating inflammatory mediators. Further, we consider the impact of weight loss to reduce the burden of inflammation, bearing in mind the different methods of weight loss—behavioral change vs. surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles L Phillips
- Program in Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Bernadette E Grayson
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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19
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Palou M, Picó C, Palou A. Leptin as a breast milk component for the prevention of obesity. Nutr Rev 2019; 76:875-892. [PMID: 30285146 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin ingested as a component of breast milk is increasingly recognized to play a role in the postnatal programming of a healthy phenotype in adulthood. Besides its primary function in controlling body weight, leptin may be an essential nutrient required during lactation to ensure that the system controlling fat accumulation and body composition is well organized from the early stages of development. This review delves into the following topics: (1) the imprinted protective function of adequate leptin intake during lactation in future metabolic health; (2) the consequences of a lack of leptin intake or of alterations in leptin levels; and (3) the mechanisms described for the effects of leptin on postnatal programming. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of breastfeeding and the need to establish optimal or reference intake values for leptin during lactation to design patterns of personalized nutrition from early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Palou
- Alimentómica SL, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Nutrigenomics and Obesity Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Picó
- Nutrigenomics and Obesity Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Nutrigenomics and Obesity Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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20
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The Effect of Habitual Fat Intake, IL6 Polymorphism, and Different Diet Strategies on Inflammation in Postmenopausal Women with Central Obesity. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071557. [PMID: 31295854 PMCID: PMC6682886 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis that habitual fat intake, the IL6 genotype, the Mediterranean diet or the central European diet for 16 weeks affect biomarkers of inflammation in centrally obese postmenopausal women, was tested in a randomized controlled trial. Dietary intake was assessed using a three-day food diary. Lipid parameters were measured using a Beckman Coulter AU analyzer. Transcription of TNF and IL6 genes was analyzed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using real-time PCR. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL6) were measured with ELISA. rs1800795 polymorphism of IL6 was analyzed using hydrolyzing probes. Higher energy intake from fat was associated with higher IL6 levels (p < 0.05). Significantly (p < 0.01) lower total cholesterol (T-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations were observed in the GG IL6 rs1800795 genotype group. Both diets significantly (p < 0.001) decreased TNFα concentrations. Neither IL6 gene transcription levels nor blood IL6 concentrations were affected by them. Our findings confirm that habitual fat intake may affect inflammation. The rs1800795 IL6 polymorphism alone did not significantly affect body weight or body composition in aimed group, but C-allele carriers had higher levels of T-C and LDL-C. This polymorphism did not affect inflammation. Both diets may lead to a decrease in TNFα concentration.
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21
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Cimini FA, Arena A, Barchetta I, Tramutola A, Ceccarelli V, Lanzillotta C, Fontana M, Bertoccini L, Leonetti F, Capoccia D, Silecchia G, Di Cristofano C, Chiappetta C, Di Domenico F, Baroni MG, Perluigi M, Cavallo MG, Barone E. Reduced biliverdin reductase-A levels are associated with early alterations of insulin signaling in obesity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1490-1501. [PMID: 30826467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biliverdin reductase-A (BVR-A) is a serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase involved in the regulation of insulin signaling. In vitro studies have demonstrated that BVR-A is a substrate of the insulin receptor and regulates IRS1 by avoiding its aberrant activation, and in animal model of obesity the loss of hepatic BVR-A has been associated with glucose/insulin alterations and fatty liver disease. However, no studies exist in humans. Here, we evaluated BVR-A expression levels and activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from obese subjects and matched lean controls and we investigated the related molecular alterations of the insulin along with clinical correlates. We showed that BVR-A levels are significantly reduced in obese subjects and associated with a hyper-activation of the IR/IRS1/Akt/GSK-3β/AS160/GLUT4 pathway. Low BVR-A levels also associate with the presence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, NASH and visceral adipose tissue inflammation. These data suggest that the reduction of BVR-A may be responsible for early alterations of the insulin signaling pathway in obesity and in this context may represent a novel molecular target to be investigated for the comprehension of the process of insulin resistance development in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Agata Cimini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Arena
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli" Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Barchetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Tramutola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli" Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Lanzillotta
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli" Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Fontana
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli" Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bertoccini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Frida Leonetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Danila Capoccia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Silecchia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Bio-Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Di Cristofano
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Bio-Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Chiappetta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Bio-Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli" Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marzia Perluigi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli" Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Eugenio Barone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli" Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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22
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Steckling FM, Farinha JB, Figueiredo FDC, Santos DLD, Bresciani G, Kretzmann NA, Stefanello ST, Courtes AA, Beck MDO, Sangoi Cardoso M, Duarte MMMF, Moresco RN, Soares FAA. High-intensity interval training improves inflammatory and adipokine profiles in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:85-91. [PMID: 29431478 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1437750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on systemic levels of inflammatory and hormonal markers in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome (MS). Fifteen postmenopausal women with MS completed the training on treadmills. Functional, body composition parameters, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and lipid profile were assessed before and after HIIT. Serum or plasma levels of cytokines and hormonal markers were measured along the intervention. The analysis of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of these cytokines was performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). VO2max and some anthropometric parameters were improved after HIIT, while decreased levels of proinflammatory markers and increased levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) were also found. Adipokines were also modulated after 12 weeks or training. The mRNA expression of the studied genes was unchanged after HIIT. In conclusion, HIIT benefits inflammatory and hormonal axis on serum or plasma samples, without changes on PBMC of postmenopausal MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Mariel Steckling
- a Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
- b Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Juliano Boufleur Farinha
- a Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
- c Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Felipe da Cunha Figueiredo
- a Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Daniela Lopes Dos Santos
- a Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Guilherme Bresciani
- d Grupo de Investigación en Rendimiento Físico y Salud (IRyS), Escuela de Educación Física , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso , Valparaiso , Chile
| | | | - Sílvio Terra Stefanello
- b Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Aline Alves Courtes
- b Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Maristela de Oliveira Beck
- f Departamento de Pós-Graduação Multiprofissional em Ciências da Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Manuela Sangoi Cardoso
- g Departamento de Análises Clinicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Noal Moresco
- g Departamento de Análises Clinicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Félix Alexandre Antunes Soares
- b Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
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23
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Mohammadzadeh Honarvar N, Zarezadeh M, Khorshidi M, Makhdoomi Arzati M, Yekaninejad MS, Abdollahi M, Effatpanah M, Hashemi R, Saedisomeolia A. The effect of an oral ginger supplementation on NF-κB concentration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and anthropomorphic data of patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Med 2019; 42:7-11. [PMID: 30670285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The complications of diabetes are extensive which can be caused by excessive oxidative stress, inflammation and impaired insulin system. Plant-sourced bioactive compounds can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of present study was to determine the effect of ginger supplementation on diabetic complications. METHODS The present study is a randomized double blind clinical trial which is conducted with 48 diabetic patients. The participants were randomly divided into two intervention and placebo groups which were received 2 g ginger powder and 2 g wheat flour respectively for 10 weeks. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) concentration and anthropometric measurements were evaluated at the baseline and at the end of study. RESULTS The effect of ginger supplementation on hip circumference was marginal and there was no significant effect on BMI and waist circumference. Mean NF-κB p65 concentrations were reduced in ginger supplementation group, however, the amount was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Ginger supplementation had significant effects on anthropometric evaluations. Ginger supplementation decreased mean NF-κB concentration in comparison with placebo, however the significance level was marginal. In order to achieve reliable information, more researches should be complemented with uptake of other diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyaz Mohammadzadeh Honarvar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Meysam Zarezadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoud Khorshidi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Motahareh Makhdoomi Arzati
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mina Abdollahi
- AmirAlam Hospital Complex, Marvasti Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Effatpanah
- School of Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rezvan Hashemi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Saedisomeolia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Serum profile of cytokines and their genetic variants in metabolic syndrome and healthy subjects: a comparative study. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181202. [PMID: 30635365 PMCID: PMC6356053 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify genetic variants in promoter areas of IL-6 -174 G>C and TNF-α -308 G>A in metabolic syndrome (Met S) and controls and associate them with Met S and serum cytokine levels.It was a cross-sectional study, including 224 cases of Met S and 200 controls. A fasting blood sample was taken and biochemical parameters including serum glucose, insulin, lipid profile, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were measured. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to identify the genetic variants of IL-6 and TNF-α. Serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α and insulin resistance were significantly higher in cases than the controls. IL-6 showed significant positive correlation with HOMA-IR and TNF-α. CC genotype of IL-6 was associated with the increased risk of Met S (P=0.016, OR for CC vs GC+GG = 2.33, CI: 1.15-4.71). There was no significant difference of TNF-α genotypes between the cases and the controls. Serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in AA and CC genotypes of TNF-α (-308 G>A) and IL-6 (-174 G>C) as compared with the GG (P=0.00 and P=0.001). Significant correlation of IL-6 with TNF-α and insulin resistance was observed that may provide us a therapeutic target for preventing metabolic derangements from insulin resistance.
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25
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Bianchi VE. Weight loss is a critical factor to reduce inflammation. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018; 28:21-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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26
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Reynés B, Priego T, Cifre M, Oliver P, Palou A. Peripheral Blood Cells, a Transcriptomic Tool in Nutrigenomic and Obesity Studies: Current State of the Art. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1006-1020. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bàrbara Reynés
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology; Univ. de les Illes Balears; Palma Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN); Madrid Spain
- Inst. d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa); Palma Spain
| | - Teresa Priego
- Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine; Univ. Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Margalida Cifre
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology; Univ. de les Illes Balears; Palma Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN); Madrid Spain
| | - Paula Oliver
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology; Univ. de les Illes Balears; Palma Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN); Madrid Spain
- Inst. d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa); Palma Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology; Univ. de les Illes Balears; Palma Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN); Madrid Spain
- Inst. d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa); Palma Spain
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27
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Soldati L, Di Renzo L, Jirillo E, Ascierto PA, Marincola FM, De Lorenzo A. The influence of diet on anti-cancer immune responsiveness. J Transl Med 2018; 16:75. [PMID: 29558948 PMCID: PMC5859494 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has matured into standard treatment for several cancers, but much remains to be done to extend the reach of its effectiveness particularly to cancers that are resistant within each indication. This review proposes that nutrition can affect and potentially enhance the immune response against cancer. The general mechanisms that link nutritional principles to immune function and may influence the effectiveness of anticancer immunotherapy are examined. This represents also the premise for a research project aimed at identifying the best diet for immunotherapy enhancement against tumours (D.I.E.T project). Particular attention is turned to the gut microbiota and the impact of its composition on the immune system. Also, the dietary patterns effecting immune function are discussed including the value of adhering to a healthy diets such as the Mediterranean, Veg, Japanese, or a Microbiota-regulating diet, the very low ketogenic diet, which have been demonstrated to lower the risk of developing several cancers and reduce the mortality associated with them. Finally, supplements, as omega-3 and polyphenols, are discussed as potential approaches that could benefit healthy dietary and lifestyle habits in the context of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Soldati
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via A di Rudinì 8, 20124, Milan, Italy.
| | - Laura Di Renzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo A Ascierto
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale", Via Mariano Semmola snc, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
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28
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Barber GA, Weller CD, Gibson SJ. Effects and associations of nutrition in patients with venous leg ulcers: A systematic review. J Adv Nurs 2017; 74:774-787. [PMID: 28985441 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To identify the associations and effects of nutritional characteristics and interventions on ulcer outcomes in adult patients with venous leg ulcers. BACKGROUND Venous leg ulcers are the most prevalent type of lower limb ulcer; however, little evidence exists regarding the relationship between nutritional status and ulcer healing. DESIGN A systematic search of English language articles was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. DATA SOURCES A search of databases Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL and Scopus was performed for studies published between January 2004 - May 2017. REVIEW METHODS Quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias Assessment tool and the relevant Joanna Briggs Institute quality appraisal checklists. RESULTS Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. All participants had Clinical Aetiology Anatomy Pathophysiology classification C5 (healed) or C6 (active) ulcers. Studies were conducted in a range of clinical settings with relatively small sample sizes. The majority of patients were overweight or obese. Increased body mass index was associated with delayed wound healing. Vitamin D, folic acid and flavonoids were associated with some beneficial effects on ulcer healing. Dietary intakes of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin C and zinc were low for some patients. CONCLUSION Current evidence suggests that venous leg ulcer patients are more likely to be overweight or obese. However, evidence for weight management improving wound healing is lacking. Micronutrients, including vitamin D and folic acid, may improve wound healing in at-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina A Barber
- Faculty Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,School of Clinical Sciences, Department Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Carolina D Weller
- Faculty Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Simone J Gibson
- Faculty Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Clinical Sciences, Department Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Vic., Australia
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29
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Gui Y, Pan Q, Chen X, Xu S, Luo X, Chen L. The association between obesity related adipokines and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:75389-75399. [PMID: 29088874 PMCID: PMC5650429 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of breast cancer is significantly increased among obese women as the deleterious adipokines can be over secreted and beneficial adipokines can be hyposecreted. We aim to evaluate the association between obesity-associated adipokines and breast cancer. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM) databases for studies reporting association of obesity related adipokines with breast cancer published before Sept. 15, 2015. Initially, 26783 publications were identified, and later, 119 articles were selected for further meta-analysis. Out of these 119 studies, twenty-six studies had reported adipokine levels among obese and non-obese healthy subjects and ninety-three studies had reported adipokine levels among patients with breast cancer. The subjects with BMI >25 kg/m2 had significantly lower adiponectin levels and higher leptin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels than those with BMI <25 kg/m2. Decreased concentrations of adiponectin, and increased concentrations of leptin, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, resistin and visfatin were significantly associated with risk of breast cancer. Adipokine levels were strongly associated with breast cancer among Asian women as compared to non-Asian women. Our results might explain the relationship of obesity, adipokine levels and risk of breast cancer, especially in Asian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gui
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinwen Pan
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianchun Chen
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuman Xu
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangdong Luo
- Burn Research Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Key Laboratory of Trauma and Burns, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Key Laboratory of Trauma and Burns, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
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30
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Nelson JE, Handa P, Aouizerat B, Wilson L, Vemulakonda LA, Yeh MM, Kowdley KV. Increased parenchymal damage and steatohepatitis in Caucasian non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with common IL1B and IL6 polymorphisms. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 44:1253-1264. [PMID: 27730688 PMCID: PMC5118184 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex, multifactorial disease affected by diet, lifestyle and genetics. Proinflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and IL-6 have been shown to be elevated in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). AIM To investigate the relationship between IL1B and IL6 gene polymorphisms and histological features of NAFLD in the NASH CRN cohort. METHODS A total of 604 adult (≥18 years) non-Hispanic Caucasians with biopsy-proven NAFLD were genotyped for the following SNPs: IL1B, rs16944, rs1143634; IL6, rs1800795, rs10499563. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between genotype and a definitive diagnosis and advanced histological features of NASH after controlling for the following variables selected a priori: age, sex, diabetes, obesity and HOMA-IR level. RESULTS The IL6 rs10499563 C allele was independently associated with the presence of definitive NASH, and increased ballooning and Mallory bodies. The IL1B rs1143634 TT genotype was associated with advanced fibrosis and increased Mallory bodies. The IL6 rs1800795 C allele was associated with not only increased risk for severe steatosis, >66% but also decreased risk for advanced fibrosis and lobular inflammation and Mallory body formation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that common variants in the IL6 and IL1B genes may increase susceptibility for NASH and confer a higher risk of hepatic parenchymal damage including increased ballooning, increased Mallory bodies, and bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis. In contrast, the IL6 rs1800795 C allele may confer a higher risk for steatosis, but less parenchymal damage. Our findings support the development of therapeutics aimed at IL-1β and IL-6 suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. Nelson
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle WA
| | - Priya Handa
- Liver Care Network and Organ Care Research Program, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle WA
| | - Bradley Aouizerat
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Laura Wilson
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Dept of Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD
| | - L Akhila Vemulakonda
- Liver Care Network and Organ Care Research Program, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle WA
| | - Matthew M. Yeh
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA
| | - Kris V. Kowdley
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle WA
- Liver Care Network and Organ Care Research Program, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle WA
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31
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Carlin JL, Grissom N, Ying Z, Gomez-Pinilla F, Reyes TM. Voluntary exercise blocks Western diet-induced gene expression of the chemokines CXCL10 and CCL2 in the prefrontal cortex. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 58:82-90. [PMID: 27492632 PMCID: PMC5352157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity increases inflammation, both peripherally and centrally, and exercise can ameliorate some of the negative health outcomes associated with obesity. Within the brain, the effect of obesity on inflammation has been well characterized in the hypothalamus and hippocampus, but has been relatively understudied in other brain regions. The current study was designed to address two primary questions; (1) whether western diet (high fat/high sucrose) consumption would increase markers of inflammation in the prefrontal cortex and (2) whether concurrent voluntary wheel running would ameliorate any inflammation. Adult male mice were exposed to a western diet or a control diet for 8weeks. Concurrently, half the animals were given running wheels in their home cages, while half did not have access to wheels. At the conclusion of the study, prefrontal cortex was removed and expression of 18 proinflammatory genes was assayed. Expression of a number of proinflammatory molecules was upregulated by consumption of the western diet. For two chemokines, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), voluntary exercise blocked the increase in the expression of these genes. Cluster analysis confirmed that the majority of the tested genes were upregulated by western diet, and identified another small cluster of genes that were downregulated by either diet or exercise. These data identify a proinflammatory phenotype within the prefrontal cortex of mice fed a western diet, and indicate that chemokine induction can be blocked by voluntary exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L. Carlin
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Nicola Grissom
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45237, United States
| | - Zhe Ying
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Teresa M. Reyes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45237, United States,Corresponding author at: University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Dept of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, 2120 East Galbraith Road, A-129 Cincinnati, OH 45237-1625, United States. (T.M. Reyes)
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Lavratti C, Dorneles G, Pochmann D, Peres A, Bard A, de Lima Schipper L, Dal Lago P, Wagner LC, Elsner VR. Exercise-induced modulation of histone H4 acetylation status and cytokines levels in patients with schizophrenia. Physiol Behav 2016; 168:84-90. [PMID: 27810494 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the short and long-term effects of a concurrent exercise protocol on global histone H4 acetylation levels and inflammatory markers (interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and cortisol) in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and in peripheral blood of patients with schizophrenia (SZ), as well the intervention impact on anthropometric characteristics. Seventeen individuals were submitted to the intervention three times a week and blood samples were collected pre, 30, 60 and 90days after the intervention started. A remarkable reduction on body mass index and body mass were observed following intervention. The protocol also induced a histone H4 hypoacetylation status in PBMC all times evaluated when compared to the pre intervention period. Although the IL-4 and cortisol levels were not altered in response to the intervention, a reduction in IL-6 production during the 60 and 90days compared to the pre intervention period was observed. Finally, diminished IFN-γ production was found in the 90days period compared to the pre intervention and 30days after periods. In addition, systemic IL-6 levels were lower at 60 and 90days compared to the pre intervention. The concurrent exercise protocol was able to improve anthropometric characteristics in patients with SZ, engaging the modulation of cytokine and histone H4 acetylation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lavratti
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gilson Dorneles
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Lab., Department of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniela Pochmann
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Peres
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Cellular and Molecular Immunology Lab., Department of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andréia Bard
- Curso de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Dal Lago
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciane Carniel Wagner
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Viviane Rostirola Elsner
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Steckhan N, Hohmann CD, Kessler C, Dobos G, Michalsen A, Cramer H. Effects of different dietary approaches on inflammatory markers in patients with metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition 2015; 32:338-48. [PMID: 26706026 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic low-grade inflammation has been associated with insulin resistance, diabetes, atherosclerosis, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). A proinflammatory environment contributes to several metabolic disturbances and possibly the development of MetS. Dietary approaches have defined impact on immune function and putative antiinflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of different dietary approaches on markers of inflammation in patients with MetS. Further effects on weight loss and fasting insulin were analyzed. METHODS Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were screened in September 2014 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on different dietary approaches for participants with MetS as defined by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Primary outcomes were markers of the immune system. Secondary outcome was body weight and fasting insulin. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. RESULTS Thirteen randomized controlled trials with a total of 2017 patients were included. Low-fat diets (29 ± 2% energy from fats) decreased C-reactive protein compared with control diets (SMD: -0.98; 95% CI: -1.6 to -0.35; P = 0.002). Low-carbohydrate diets (23 ± 10% energy from carbohydrates; SMD: -0.33; 95% CI: -0.63 to -0.03; P = 0.004) and multimodal interventions (SMD: -1.02; 95% CI: -1.97 to -0.07; P = 0.04) were able to induce significant weight loss. Low-carbohydrate diets were able to decrease insulin (SMD: -0.33; 95% CI: -0.63 to -0.03; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS C-reactive protein; however, this effect is also dependent on weight loss. Furthermore, low-carbohydrate diets have beneficial effects on insulin and body weight. Dietary approaches should mainly be tried to reduce macronutrients and enrich functional food components such as vitamins, flavonoids, and unsaturated fatty acids. People with MetS will benefit most by combining weight loss and anti-inflammatory nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Steckhan
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-University Medical Centre, Berlin, Germany and Immanuel Hospital Berlin; Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Department of Internal and Complementary Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christoph-Daniel Hohmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-University Medical Centre, Berlin, Germany and Immanuel Hospital Berlin; Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Department of Internal and Complementary Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Kessler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-University Medical Centre, Berlin, Germany and Immanuel Hospital Berlin; Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Department of Internal and Complementary Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gustav Dobos
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Michalsen
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-University Medical Centre, Berlin, Germany and Immanuel Hospital Berlin; Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Department of Internal and Complementary Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Cramer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Ellsworth DL, Mamula KA, Blackburn HL, McDyer FA, Jellema GL, van Laar R, Costantino NS, Engler RJM, Vernalis MN. Importance of substantial weight loss for altering gene expression during cardiovascular lifestyle modification. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23:1312-9. [PMID: 25960328 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine relationships between weight loss through changes in lifestyle and peripheral blood gene expression profiles. METHODS A prospective nonrandomized trial was conducted over 1 year in participants undergoing intensive lifestyle modification to reverse or stabilize progression of coronary artery disease. Cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory biomarkers, and gene expression as a function of weight loss were assessed in 89 lifestyle participants and 71 retrospectively matched controls undergoing usual care. RESULTS Substantial weight loss (-15.2 ± 3.8%) in lifestyle participants (n = 33) was associated with improvement in selected cardiovascular risk factors and significant changes in peripheral blood gene expression from pre- to post-intervention: 132 unique genes showed significant expression changes (false discovery rate corrected P-value <0.05 and fold-change ≥1.4). Altered molecular pathways were related to immune function and inflammatory responses involving endothelial activation. In contrast, participants losing minimal weight (-3.1 ± 2.5%, n = 32) showed only minor changes in cardiovascular risk factors and markers of inflammation and no changes in gene expression compared to non intervention controls after 1 year. CONCLUSIONS Weight loss (≥10%) during lifestyle modification is associated with down-regulation of genetic pathways governing interactions between circulating immune cells and the vascular endothelium and may be required to successfully reduce CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrell L Ellsworth
- Integrative Cardiac Health Program, Windber Research Institute, Windber, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kimberly A Mamula
- Integrative Cardiac Health Program, Windber Research Institute, Windber, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Heather L Blackburn
- Integrative Cardiac Health Program, Windber Research Institute, Windber, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Ryan van Laar
- Bioinformatics Department, ChipDX LLC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicholas S Costantino
- Integrative Cardiac Health Program, Windber Research Institute, Windber, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renata J M Engler
- Integrative Cardiac Health Program, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marina N Vernalis
- Integrative Cardiac Health Program, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Fortin CN, Saed GM, Diamond MP. Predisposing factors to post-operative adhesion development. Hum Reprod Update 2015; 21:536-51. [PMID: 25935859 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmv021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adhesion development is the most common sequelae of intra-abdominal and pelvic surgery and represents a significant, yet poorly understood, cause of morbidity among post-operative patients. It remains unclear, for example, exactly why adhesions form more frequently in certain tissues and/or patients, or at specific locations within them, as opposed to others. This review contributes to the growing knowledge pool by elucidating factors that potentially predispose to the development of adhesions. Given the strong correlation between a hypofibrinolytic state and adhesion formation, this review article will examine not only those factors that have been shown to directly predispose to adhesion development, but also those that are likely do so indirectly by means of altering the coagulation/fibrinolytic profile. METHODS A literature search was performed using the PubMed database for all relevant English language articles up to February 2014. All of the identified articles were reviewed with particular attention to predisposing factors to post-operative adhesion development. In addition, the reference lists of each article were reviewed to identify additional relevant articles. RESULTS Various factors have been shown to directly increase the risk of post-operative adhesion development; namely, certain genetic polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, increased estrogen exposure, and endometriosis. In addition, numerous factors are known to increase the risk of fibrosis, therefore likely increasing the risk of adhesion development indirectly. These factors include genetic polymorphisms in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia, obesity, depression, binge alcohol consumption, anti-Parkinsonian medications, oral hormone therapy, pregnancy, and cancer. CONCLUSIONS The literature reviewed in this paper will help to direct future research aimed at understanding the mechanisms that underlie the association of certain factors with adhesion development. This information will be crucial in the creation of adequate preventative and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea N Fortin
- Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ghassan M Saed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CS Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Michael P Diamond
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Catalán V, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Rodríguez A, Ramírez B, Valentí V, Moncada R, Silva C, Salvador J, Frühbeck G. Peripheral mononuclear blood cells contribute to the obesity-associated inflammatory state independently of glycemic status: involvement of the novel proinflammatory adipokines chemerin, chitinase-3-like protein 1, lipocalin-2 and osteopontin. GENES AND NUTRITION 2015; 10:460. [PMID: 25869413 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-015-0460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders with adipose tissue being crucial in the inflammatory response by releasing multiple adipokines with either pro- or anti-inflammatory activities with potential functions as metabolic regulators. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) have been proposed as representative of the inflammatory status in obesity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of PBMC to the obesity-associated chronic inflammation analyzing the expression of novel adipokines. Samples obtained from 69 subjects were used in the study. Real-time PCR determinations were performed to quantify gene expression levels in PBMC of novel adipokines including chemerin, chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40), lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) and osteopontin (OPN), and their circulating concentrations were also determined by ELISA. We show, for the first time, that PBMC gene expression levels of chemerin (P < 0.0001), chitinase-3-like protein 1 (P = 0.010), lipocalin-2 (P < 0.0001) and osteopontin (P < 0.0001) were strongly upregulated in obesity independently of the glycemic state. Circulating concentrations of these adipokines followed the same trend being significantly higher (P < 0.05) in obese normoglycemic and type 2 diabetic patients compared to lean volunteers and also associated (P < 0.05) with their corresponding mRNA levels in PBMC. These results provide evidence that alterations in inflammation-related adipokines are manifest in PBMC, which might contribute to the low-grade chronic inflammation that characterizes obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Catalán
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,
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Farinha JB, Steckling FM, Stefanello ST, Cardoso MS, Nunes LS, Barcelos RP, Duarte T, Kretzmann NA, Mota CB, Bresciani G, Moresco RN, Duarte MMMF, dos Santos DL, Soares FAA. Response of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers to a 12-week aerobic exercise training in women with metabolic syndrome. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2015; 1:19. [PMID: 26284160 PMCID: PMC5005613 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-015-0011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidences have been highlighted the relationship among metabolic syndrome, chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress and several diseases. In this sense, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise training on oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters on women with metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS Twenty-three untrained women (51.86 ± 6.58 years old, BMI 30.8 ± 4.3 kg/m2) completed a 12-week treadmill exercise training, without modifications on dietary pattern. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), total thiol content (T-SH) and nitrite and nitrate (NOx) levels were assessed in plasma while the levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were evaluated in the serum. The RNA expression (mRNA) of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were performed inperipheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of a subset with eight women with MS using real real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS The intervention resulted in decreased serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, AOPP and TBARS, besides increased levels of IL-10 and T-SH (P < 0.001). NOx concentrations were unchanged, similarly to mRNA expressions quantified in PBMC. CONCLUSIONS Twelve weeks of AT improved systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in women with MS, although PBMC mRNA expression for inflammatory pathways appeared to be unchanged. This may indicate that AT induced beneficial effects not only in physical fitness but also on health promotion through decreased oxidative damage and proinflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Boufleur Farinha
- Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Brazil
- Escola Superior de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Felizardo 750, Porto Alegre, 90690200 Brazil
| | - Flávia Mariel Steckling
- Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Brazil
| | - Sílvio Terra Stefanello
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Brazil
| | - Manuela Sangoi Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Brazil
| | - Larissa Santos Nunes
- Centro Universitário Franciscano, Rua dos Andradas 1614, Santa Maria, 97010-032 Brazil
| | - Rômulo Pillon Barcelos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Brazil
| | - Thiago Duarte
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Bolli Mota
- Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Brazil
| | - Guilherme Bresciani
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidade Autónoma de Chile, Avenida Alemania 01090, Temuco, 4810101 Chile
| | - Rafael Noal Moresco
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Lopes dos Santos
- Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Brazil
| | - Félix Alexandre Antunes Soares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900 Brazil
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Camargo A, Peña-Orihuela P, Rangel-Zúñiga OA, Pérez-Martínez P, Delgado-Lista J, Cruz-Teno C, Marín C, Tinahones F, Malagón MM, Roche HM, Pérez-Jiménez F, López-Miranda J. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells as in vivo model for dietary intervention induced systemic oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 72:178-86. [PMID: 25057809 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to assess the use of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as an in vivo cellular model to evaluate diet-induced changes in the oxidative stress status by analyzing the gene expression pattern of NADPH-oxidase subunits and antioxidant genes. A randomized, controlled trial assigned metabolic syndrome patients to 4 diets for 12 weeks each: (i) high-saturated fatty acid (HSFA), (ii) high-monounsaturated fatty acid, and (iii), (iv) two low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate diets supplemented with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or placebo. A fat challenge reflecting the fatty acid composition as the original diets was conducted post-intervention. The mRNA levels of gp91(phox) (P<0.001), p22(phox) (P=0.005), p47(phox) (P=0.001) and p40(phox) (P<0.001) increased at 2h after the intake of the HSFA meal. The expression of SOD1, SOD2, GSR, GPx1, GPX4, TXN, TXNRD1 and Nrf2 increased after the HSFA meal (p<0.05). In contrast, the expression of these genes remained unaltered in response to the other dietary interventions. Our results suggest that the increased expression of antioxidant genes in PBMC seems to be due to the response to the postprandial oxidative stress generated mainly in adipose tissue after the consumption of an HSFA diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Camargo
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Patricia Peña-Orihuela
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zúñiga
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Pablo Pérez-Martínez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Cristina Cruz-Teno
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Carmen Marín
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Francisco Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - María M Malagón
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Helen M Roche
- UCD Institute of Food & Health/UCD Conway Institute, School of Public Health and Population Sciences, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francisco Pérez-Jiménez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
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Alokail MS, Al-Daghri NM, Mohammed AK, Vanhoutte P, Alenad A. Increased TNF α, IL-6 and ErbB2 mRNA expression in peripheral blood leukocytes from breast cancer patients. Med Oncol 2014; 31:38. [PMID: 24961464 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with increased incidence and mortality of breast cancer. The precise relation between obesity and breast cancer is yet to be determined, with few studies linking them with altered serum levels adipokines and inflammatory cytokines. The relevance of the expression of genes encoding for adipokines and inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood and their contribution to obesity and breast cancer has not been fully investigated. We aim to identify potential transcriptional biomarkers in blood samples that may assist to underpin the link between obesity and breast cancer. Therefore, have investigated whether or not the expression levels, of selected genes [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6), adiponectin, leptin, C-reactive protein (CRP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), tumor protein 53 (TP53) and erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene 2 (ErbB2)] were altered in blood samples of lean, overweight/obese and breast cancer subjects. Blood samples were obtained from 37 lean, 19 overweight/obese and 12 breast cancer patients. Real-time polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to detect TNFα, IL-6, adiponectin, leptin, CRP, PTH, TP53 and ErbB2 gene transcripts. Transcript levels of TNFα were significantly higher by 1.4-fold and 2.1-fold in blood cells of overweight/obese and breast cancer patients, respectively, compared with lean control subjects. Transcript levels of IL-6 were significantly higher by 2.3-fold in blood cells from breast cancer patients compared with lean control subjects with normal body mass index, and no significant difference was found in the expression level of IL-6 transcripts between overweight/obese and lean control subjects. The ErbB2 transcript levels were significantly higher by 4.72-fold compared to lean control subjects and were also significantly higher compared to overweight/obese subjects. Breast cancer and obesity are associated with altered mRNA levels of cytokines and tumor marker in peripheral blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed S Alokail
- Biomarkers Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Delgado-Ruiz RA, Calvo-Guirado JL, Romanos GE. Critical size defects for bone regeneration experiments in rabbit calvariae: systematic review and quality evaluation using ARRIVE guidelines. Clin Oral Implants Res 2014; 26:915-930. [PMID: 24766503 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To perform a systematic review of studies that report the healing of critical size defects (CSDs) in rabbit calvaria and to determine the quality of the studies according to ARRIVE guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS An Internet search was made in duplicate between December 2011 and August 2013 using MEDLINE, PubMed and Google Scholar (without restrictions on date of publication) for rabbit studies reporting the healing of CSD in the calvaria. Animal Research Reporting in Vivo Experiment (ARRIVE) guidelines (a list of 20 aspects to score and to ensure comparison between different experimental studies in animals) were used to evaluate the quality of the selected works. RESULTS Twenty-five manuscripts were evaluated. Case-control studies predominated (92.59%). Animal age was not stated in 70.37% of the studies; weight was not reported in 29.62%; most animals weighed 3.5 kg (26.31%). A CSD dimension of 15 mm was common (51.61%), generally located centrally (51.85%), followed by bilateral locations (48.14%). Circular (66.66%), rectangular (14.81%), square (14.81%) and ovoid (1.48%) geometries were used. Histomorphometric data showed incomplete healing in all CSDs and higher percentages of healing in smaller defects (<10 mm). The longer the healing time allowed, the more bone healing took place, for both smaller and larger defects (>15 mm). Minimum quality grades were assigned to ARRIVE items study design (6), experimental animals (8), housing and husbandry (9), sample size (10), allocation (11), statistics (13), results-baseline data (14), numbers analyzed (15), adverse events (17) and funding (20). CONCLUSIONS Data on CSDs in rabbit calvariae lack homogeneity. Smaller defects can be considered critical depending on the time of sacrifice. When new diagnostic technologies are used in addition to histomorphometry, these should be applied with caution to facilitate future comparison with other research. The ARRIVE guidelines should be followed in any animal research protocol to improve the homogeneity, comparison and reproducibility between studies.
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Camargo A, Rangel-Zuñiga OA, Haro C, Meza-Miranda ER, Peña-Orihuela P, Meneses ME, Marin C, Yubero-Serrano EM, Perez-Martinez P, Delgado-Lista J, Fernandez-Real JM, Luque de Castro MD, Tinahones FJ, Lopez-Miranda J, Perez-Jimenez F. Olive oil phenolic compounds decrease the postprandial inflammatory response by reducing postprandial plasma lipopolysaccharide levels. Food Chem 2014; 162:161-71. [PMID: 24874372 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the molecular mechanisms by which phenolic compounds (phenols) in virgin olive oil reduce the postprandial inflammatory response with the aim of identifying the transcription factor involved and the downstream effects. Olive oil-based breakfasts prepared with virgin olive oil (VOO) with high (398 ppm), intermediate (149 ppm) and low (70 ppm) phenol content were administered to 49 metabolic syndrome patients following a randomized crossover design. The consumption of a high-phenol VOO-based breakfast limited the increase of lipopolysaccharide plasma levels, TLR4, and SOCS3 proteins (p<0.001, p=0.041 and p=0.008, respectively), the activation of NF-κB (p=0.016) and the IL6 (p=0.007 and p=0.048, low and intermediate oil, respectively), IL1B (p=0.002, intermediate oil), and CXCL1 (p=0.001) postprandial gene expression, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as compared with the consumption of a breakfast prepared with the same oil but with low or intermediate phenol content. Virgin olive oil phenolic compounds reduce the postprandial inflammatory response in association with postprandial plasma lipopolysaccharide levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Camargo
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
| | - Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zuñiga
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Carmen Haro
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Eliana Romina Meza-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Patricia Peña-Orihuela
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Maria Eugenia Meneses
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Carmen Marin
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Elena Maria Yubero-Serrano
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Pablo Perez-Martinez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona (IDIBGI), Gerona, Spain
| | - M Dolores Luque de Castro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Jose Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain
| | - Jose Lopez-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Francisco Perez-Jimenez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
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Renzo LD, Carraro A, Minella D, Botta R, Contessa C, Sartor C, Iacopino AM, Lorenzo AD. Nutrient Analysis Critical Control Point (NACCP): Hazelnut as a Prototype of Nutrigenomic Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2014.51011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Obesity currently affects about one-third of the U.S. population, while another one-third is overweight. The importance of obesity for certain conditions such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes is well appreciated. The effects of obesity on the respiratory system have received less attention and are the subject of this article. Obesity alters the static mechanical properties of the respiratory system leading to a reduction in the functional residual capacity (FRC) and the expiratory reserve volume (ERV). There is substantial variability in the effects of obesity on FRC and ERV, at least some of which is related to the location rather than the total mass of adipose tissue. Obesity also results in airflow obstruction, which is only partially attributable to breathing at low lung volume, and can also promote airway hyperresponsiveness and asthma. Hypoxemia is common is obesity and correlates well with FRC, as well as with measures of abdominal obesity. However, obese subjects are usually eucapnic, indicating that hypoventilation is not a common cause of their hypoxemia. Instead, hypoxemia results from ventilation-perfusion mismatch caused by closure of dependent airways at FRC. Many obese subjects complain of dyspnea either at rest or during exertion, and the dyspnea score also correlates with reductions in FRC and ERV. Weight reduction should be encouraged in any symptomatic obese individual, since virtually all of the respiratory complications of obesity improve with even moderate weight loss.
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Camargo A, Meneses ME, Rangel-Zuñiga OA, Perez-Martinez P, Marin C, Delgado-Lista J, Paniagua JA, Tinahones FJ, Roche H, Malagon MM, Perez-Jimenez F, Lopez-Miranda J. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in adipose tissue determines postprandial lipoprotein metabolism in metabolic syndrome patients. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:2166-76. [PMID: 23934773 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Our aim was to ascertain whether the quality and quantity of fat in the diet may influence the ER stress at the postprandial state in adipose tissue by analyzing the gene expression of chaperones, folding enzymes, and activators of the UPR. METHODS AND RESULTS A randomized, controlled trial conducted within the LIPGENE study assigned 39 MetS patients to one of four diets: high-SFA (HSFA; 38% energy (E) from fat, 16% E as SFA), high MUFA (HMUFA; 38% E from fat, 20% E as MUFA), and two low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate (LFHCC; 28% E from fat) diets supplemented with 1.24 g/day of long-chain n-3 PUFA or placebo for 12 wk each. A fat challenge reflecting the same fatty acid composition as the original diets was conducted post intervention. sXBP-1 is induced in the postprandial state irrespective of the diet consumed (p < 0.001). BiP increases postprandially after consumption of diets HMUFA (p = 0.006), LFHCC (p = 0.028), and LFHCC n-3 (p = 0.028). Postprandial mRNA expression levels of CRL, CNX, PDIA3, and GSTP1 in AT did not differ between the different types of diets. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that upregulation of the unfolded protein response at the postprandial state may represent an adaptive mechanism to counteract diet-induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Camargo
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
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Kuzmicki M, Telejko B, Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek N, Lipinska D, Pliszka J, Wilk J, Zielinska A, Skibicka J, Szamatowicz J, Kretowski A, Gorska M. The expression of genes involved in NF-κB activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with gestational diabetes. Eur J Endocrinol 2013; 168:419-27. [PMID: 23230212 DOI: 10.1530/eje-12-0654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes, the changes in insulin resistance are associated with the changes in expression of genes involved in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). As such studies have never been carried out in patients with gestational diabetes (GDM), in this study, we evaluated the expression of genes involved in NF-κB activation and related to glucose metabolism in PBMCs obtained from pregnant women with GDM and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). DESIGN AND METHODS RT-PCR was performed in 60 pregnant women divided into three groups: GDM at the 1st visit, i.e. in the 24th-28th weeks of gestation (GDM1), NGT at the first visit and GDM in the 29th-32nd weeks (GDM2), and NGT at both visits. The tests were repeated 3 months postpartum. RESULTS The GDM1 group had significantly higher TLR2 (P=0.024), TLR4 (P=0.037), STAT1 (P=0.027), and CX3CL1 (P=0.017) mRNA expression, whereas the GDM2 group showed markedly lower TNFRSF1A (P=0.042), PPARG (P=0.018), STAT3 (P=0.013), and CX3CL1 (P=0.038) mRNA expression in comparison with the NGT group. The women with NGT at the 1st visit who later developed GDM had significantly higher fasting glucose (P=0.01), HOMA-IR (P=0.004), and TLR2 mRNA expression (P=0.04), as well as lower ISSI2 (P=0.01) and disposition indices, DI₃₀ (P=0.03) and DI₁₂₀ (P=0.01), than had the women who remained normoglycemic. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that elevated TLR2 expression, as well as higher fasting glucose and lower compensation for increased insulin resistance, may represent early metabolic disturbances in the development of GDM.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Blood Glucose/analysis
- Chemokine CX3CL1/genetics
- Chemokine CX3CL1/metabolism
- Diabetes, Gestational/blood
- Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis
- Diabetes, Gestational/metabolism
- Early Diagnosis
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Insulin Resistance
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- NF-kappa B p50 Subunit/blood
- NF-kappa B p50 Subunit/metabolism
- PPAR gamma/genetics
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Trimester, Second
- Pregnancy Trimester, Third
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/metabolism
- STAT Transcription Factors/genetics
- STAT Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptor 2/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 2/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kuzmicki
- Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
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Oliver P, Reynés B, Caimari A, Palou A. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells: a potential source of homeostatic imbalance markers associated with obesity development. Pflugers Arch 2013; 465:459-68. [PMID: 23423323 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) have a great potential for nutrition and obesity studies. PBMC reflect the nutritional response of key organs involved in energy homeostasis maintenance, which is altered in the obese state. Here, we aimed to determine the usefulness of PBMC as a source of early markers of obesity. To that purpose, we analysed whether PBMC could reflect the insensitivity to changes in feeding conditions associated with obesity during the development of this pathology. Expression of key genes central to energy metabolism was measured by Q-PCR in PBMC samples of normoweight (control) and cafeteria-fed (obese) rats in feeding, fasting and refeeding conditions. Samples were obtained monthly from 2 (beginning of cafeteria diet-feeding) to 6 months of age. In general terms, expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis (Fasn, Srebp1) and adipogenesis (Pparg) decreased with fasting and increased with refeeding. Conversely, the expression of a key gene regulating beta-oxidation (Cpt1a) and the gene for an orexigenic neuropeptide (Npy)-in accordance with their metabolic role-increased with fasting and decreased with refeeding. This expression pattern disappeared in obese rats, in which insensitivity to feeding conditions was observed after only 1 month of cafeteria diet-feeding. Thus, during development, PBMC accurately reflect nutritional regulation of energy homeostasic genes and the insensitivity to feeding associated with obesity, even in the earlier stages with a low degree of overweight. For this reason, this set of blood cells could constitute a potential source of biomarkers of early homeostatic imbalance which would be useful in nutrition studies that could help prevent the occurrence of obesity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers/blood
- Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase/genetics
- Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase/metabolism
- Diet, High-Fat
- Energy Metabolism/genetics
- Fasting
- Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I/genetics
- Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I/metabolism
- Homeostasis/genetics
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Male
- Obesity/blood
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/metabolism
- PPAR gamma/genetics
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/genetics
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/metabolism
- Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/genetics
- Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Oliver
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Cra Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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47
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Yubero-Serrano EM, Gonzalez-Guardia L, Rangel-Zuñiga O, Delgado-Casado N, Delgado-Lista J, Perez-Martinez P, Garcia-Rios A, Caballero J, Marin C, Gutierrez-Mariscal FM, Tinahones FJ, Villalba JM, Tunez I, Perez-Jimenez F, Lopez-Miranda J. Postprandial antioxidant gene expression is modified by Mediterranean diet supplemented with coenzyme Q(10) in elderly men and women. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 35:159-170. [PMID: 22057896 PMCID: PMC3543746 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9331-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Postprandial oxidative stress is characterized by an increased susceptibility of the organism towards oxidative damage after consumption of a meal rich in lipids and/or carbohydrates. We have investigated whether the quality of dietary fat alters postprandial gene expression and protein levels involved in oxidative stress and whether the supplementation with coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ) improves this situation in an elderly population. Twenty participants were randomized to receive three isocaloric diets each for 4 weeks: Mediterranean diet supplemented with CoQ (Med + CoQ diet), Mediterranean diet (Med diet), saturated fatty acid-rich diet (SFA diet). After 12-h fast, volunteers consumed a breakfast with a fat composition similar to that consumed in each of the diets. Nrf2, p22(phox) and p47(phox), superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 (SOD1 and SOD2), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), thiorredoxin reductase (TrxR) gene expression and Kelch-like ECH associating protein 1 (Keap-1) and citoplasmic and nuclear Nrf2 protein levels were determined. Med and Med + CoQ diets induced lower Nrf2, p22(phox), p47(phox), SOD1, SOD2 and TrxR gene expression and higher cytoplasmic Nrf2 and Keap-1 protein levels compared to the SFA diet. Moreover, Med + CoQ diet produced lower postprandial Nrf2 gene expression and lower nuclear Nrf2 protein levels compared to the other diets and lower GPx1 gene expression than the SFA diet. Our results support the antioxidant effect of a Med diet and that exogenous CoQ supplementation has a protective effects against free radical overgeneration through the lowering of postprandial oxidative stress modifying the postprandial antioxidant protein levels and reducing the postprandial expression of antioxidant genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena M. Yubero-Serrano
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Lorena Gonzalez-Guardia
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Oriol Rangel-Zuñiga
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Nieves Delgado-Casado
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pablo Perez-Martinez
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia-Rios
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Javier Caballero
- />Clinical Analysis Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Marin
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
- />Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jose M. Villalba
- />Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Isaac Tunez
- />Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IMIBIC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Perez-Jimenez
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose Lopez-Miranda
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
- />Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit at Reina Sofia University Hospital, Avda. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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Waters L, George AS, Chey T, Bauman A. Weight change in control group participants in behavioural weight loss interventions: a systematic review and meta-regression study. BMC Med Res Methodol 2012; 12:120. [PMID: 22873682 PMCID: PMC3499351 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-12-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unanticipated control group improvements have been observed in intervention trials targeting various health behaviours. This phenomenon has not been studied in the context of behavioural weight loss intervention trials. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-regression of behavioural weight loss interventions to quantify control group weight change, and relate the size of this effect to specific trial and sample characteristics. Methods Database searches identified reports of intervention trials meeting the inclusion criteria. Data on control group weight change and possible explanatory factors were abstracted and analysed descriptively and quantitatively. Results 85 trials were reviewed and 72 were included in the meta-regression. While there was no change in control group weight, control groups receiving usual care lost 1 kg more than control groups that received no intervention, beyond measurement. Conclusions There are several possible explanations why control group changes occur in intervention trials targeting other behaviours, but not for weight loss. Control group participation may prevent weight gain, although more research is needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Waters
- Cancer Prevention Research Centre, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.
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49
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Cruz-Teno C, Pérez-Martínez P, Delgado-Lista J, Yubero-Serrano EM, García-Ríos A, Marín C, Gómez P, Jiménez-Gómez Y, Camargo A, RodríguezCantalejo F, Malagón MM, Pérez-Jiménez F, Roche HM, López-Miranda J. Dietary fat modifies the postprandial inflammatory state in subjects with metabolic syndrome: the LIPGENE study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 56:854-65. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cruz-Teno
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | - Pablo Pérez-Martínez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | - Elena M. Yubero-Serrano
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | - Antonio García-Ríos
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | - Carmen Marín
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | - Purificación Gómez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | - Yolanda Jiménez-Gómez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | - Antonio Camargo
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | | | - Maria M. Malagón
- Department of Cell Biology; Physiology and Immunology; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez-Jiménez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
| | - Helen M. Roche
- Nutrigenomics Research Group; UCD Conway Institute; School of Public Health & Population Science, University College Dublin; Befield; Dublin; Ireland
| | - José López-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit; IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba and CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Córdoba; Spain
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de Mello VDF, Kolehmanien M, Schwab U, Pulkkinen L, Uusitupa M. Gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a tool in dietary intervention studies: What do we know so far? Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 56:1160-72. [PMID: 22610960 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) generally refer to monocytes and lymphocytes, representing cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems. PBMCs are a promising target tissue in the field of nutrigenomics because they seem to reflect the effects of dietary modifications at the level of gene expression. In this review, we describe and discuss the scientific literature concerning the use of gene expression at the mRNA level measured from PBMCs in dietary interventions studies conducted in humans. A search of literature was undertaken using PubMed (last assessed November 24, 2011) and 20 articles were selected for discussion. Currently, results from these studies showed that PBMCs seem to reflect liver environment and complement adipose tissue findings in transcriptomics. PBMC gene expression after dietary intervention studies can be used for studying the response of certain genes related to fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism, and to explore the response of dietary interventions in relation to inflammation. However, PBMC transcriptomics from dietary intervention studies have not resulted yet in clear confirmation of candidate genes related to disease risk. Use of microarray technology in larger well-designed dietary intervention studies is still needed for exploring PBMC potential in the field of nutrigenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Derenji Ferreira de Mello
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
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