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Behera L, Mishra L, Mishra M, Mohapatra S. Ca@Cu-CD nanoprobe for dual detection of glycine and ex vivo glycine imaging. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5181-5193. [PMID: 38687579 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00060a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Hydrothermally prepared copper-doped carbon dots (Cu-CDs) were modified with Ca2+, which serve as an excellent platform for the recognition of glycine. The feeble emission of Ca@Cu-CD increases substantially in the presence of glycine due to aggregation-induced emission. At the same time, there was a 5-fold increase in the current response of the Ca@Cu-CD modified electrode as compared to the control. The exceptional combination of fluorescence and conducting properties, along with Ca-glycine interaction, establishes our probe as a dual sensor for the detection of glycine in real serum samples. The limit of detection for this nonenzymatic fluorescence and electrochemical sensing are 17.2 and 4.1 nM, respectively. Furthermore, an extensive evaluation of the toxicity and bioimaging properties in fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster shows that the Ca@Cu-CD probe is not cytotoxic and can be applied for ex vivo imaging of glycine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingaraj Behera
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
| | - Lopamudra Mishra
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Monalisa Mishra
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Sasmita Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
- Centre for Nanomaterials, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
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Sreejith P, Lolo S, Patten KR, Gunasinghe M, More N, Pallanck LJ, Bharadwaj R. Nazo, the Drosophila homolog of the NBIA-mutated protein-c19orf12, is required for triglyceride homeostasis. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011137. [PMID: 38335241 PMCID: PMC10883546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid dyshomeostasis has been implicated in a variety of diseases ranging from obesity to neurodegenerative disorders such as Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA). Here, we uncover the physiological role of Nazo, the Drosophila melanogaster homolog of the NBIA-mutated protein-c19orf12, whose function has been elusive. Ablation of Drosophila c19orf12 homologs leads to dysregulation of multiple lipid metabolism genes. nazo mutants exhibit markedly reduced gut lipid droplet and whole-body triglyceride contents. Consequently, they are sensitive to starvation and oxidative stress. Nazo is required for maintaining normal levels of Perilipin-2, an inhibitor of the lipase-Brummer. Concurrent knockdown of Brummer or overexpression of Perilipin-2 rescues the nazo phenotype, suggesting that this defect, at least in part, may arise from diminished Perilipin-2 on lipid droplets leading to aberrant Brummer-mediated lipolysis. Our findings potentially provide novel insights into the role of c19orf12 as a possible link between lipid dyshomeostasis and neurodegeneration, particularly in the context of NBIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perinthottathil Sreejith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Sara Lolo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Kristen R Patten
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Maduka Gunasinghe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Neya More
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Leo J Pallanck
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rajnish Bharadwaj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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Kumar R, Bauri S, Sahu S, Chauhan S, Dholpuria S, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK, Mishra M, Gupta PK. In Vivo Toxicological Analysis of MnFe 2O 4@poly( tBGE-alt-PA) Composite as a Hybrid Nanomaterial for Possible Biomedical Use. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:1122-1132. [PMID: 36757355 PMCID: PMC10031559 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites have significantly contributed to biomedical science due to less aggregation behavior and enhanced physicochemical properties. This study synthesized a MnFe2O4@poly(tBGE-alt-PA) nanocomposite for the first time and physicochemically characterized it. The obtained hybrid nanomaterial was tested in vivo for its toxicological properties before use in drug delivery, tissue engineering fields, and environmental applications. The composite was biocompatible with mouse fibroblast cells and hemocompatible with 2% RBC suspension. This nanocomposite was tested on Drosophila melanogaster due to its small size, well-sequenced genome, and low cost of testing. The larvae's crawling speed and direction were measured after feeding. No abnormal path and altered crawling pattern indicated the nonappearance of abnormal neurological disorder in the larva. The gut organ toxicity was further analyzed using DAPI and DCFH-DA dye to examine the structural anomalies. No apoptosis and necrosis were observed in the gut of the fruit fly. Next, adult flies were examined for phenotypic anomalies after their pupal phases emerged. No defects in the phenotypes, including the eye, wings, abdomen, and bristles, were found in our study. Based on these observations, the MnFe2O4@poly(tBGE-alt-PA) composite may be used for various biomedical and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Samir Bauri
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008 Odisha, India
| | - Soumyamitra Sahu
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008 Odisha, India
| | - Shaily Chauhan
- Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunny Dholpuria
- Department of Life Sciences, J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad 121006 Haryana, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 00076, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 00076, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 00076, Finland
| | - Monalisa Mishra
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008 Odisha, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310 Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to Be University, Dehradun 248002 Uttarakhand, India
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
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Meshrif WS, Elkayal SH, Soliman MA, Seif AI, Roeder T. Metabolic and immunological responses of Drosophila melanogaster to dietary restriction and bacterial infection differ substantially between genotypes in a population. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8960. [PMID: 35646322 PMCID: PMC9130643 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To respond to changing environmental conditions, a population may either shift toward better‐adapted genotypes or adapt on an individual level. The present work aimed to quantify the relevance of these two processes by comparing the responses of defined Drosophila melanogaster populations to different stressors. To do this, we infected two homogeneous populations (isofemale lines), which differ significantly in fitness, and a synthetic heterogeneous population with a specific pathogen and/or exposed them to food restriction. Pectobacterium carotovorum was used to infect Drosophila larvae either fed standard or protein‐restricted diet. In particular, the two homogeneous groups, which diverged in their fitness, showed considerable differences in all parameters assessed (survivorship, protein and lipid contents, phenol‐oxidase (PO) activity, and antibacterial rate). Under fully nutritious conditions, larvae of the homogeneous population with low fitness exhibited lower survivorship and protein levels, as well as higher PO activity and antibacterial rate compared with the fitter population. A protein‐restricted diet and bacterial infection provoked a decrease in survivorship, and antibacterial rate in most populations. Bacterial infection elicited an opposite response in protein and lipid content in both isofemale lines tested. Interestingly, the heterogeneous population showed a complex response pattern. The response of the heterogeneous population followed the fit genotype in terms of survival and antibacterial activity but followed the unfit genotype in terms of PO activity. In conclusion, our results show that defined genotypes exhibit highly divergent responses to varying stressors that are difficult to predict. Furthermore, the responses of heterogeneous populations do not follow a fixed pattern showing a very high degree of plasticity and differences between different genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam S Meshrif
- Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta Egypt
| | - Sandy H Elkayal
- Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Services Center Tanta University Tanta Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Soliman
- Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta Egypt
| | - Amal I Seif
- Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta Egypt
| | - Thomas Roeder
- Department of Molecular Physiology Zoological Institute Kiel University Kiel Germany.,Airway Research Center North German Center for Lung Research Kiel Germany
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Kim E, Kim AH, Lee Y, Ji SC, Cho JY, Yu KS, Chung JY. Effects of vancomycin-induced gut microbiome alteration on the pharmacodynamics of metformin in healthy male subjects. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 14:1955-1966. [PMID: 33982376 PMCID: PMC8504811 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a major treatment for type 2 diabetes. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of gut microbiome dysbiosis on the pharmacokinetics and antihyperglycemic effects of metformin. Healthy adult males aged 19-45 years with no defecation abnormalities were recruited for this 4-period clinical study: baseline; post-metformin (i.e., multiple oral doses of 1000 mg metformin on days 1-4); post-vancomycin (i.e., multiple oral doses of 500 mg vancomycin on days 11-17 inducing gut microbiome changes); and post-metformin + vancomycin (i.e., multiple oral doses of 1000 mg metformin on days 16-19). In each period, serum glucose and insulin concentrations following an oral glucose tolerance test, fecal samples for gut microbiome composition, and safety data were obtained. Following metformin dosing, plasma and urine samples for pharmacokinetics were collected. Nine subjects completed the study. The pharmacokinetics of metformin remained unchanged, and the antihyperglycemic effect was significantly decreased after vancomycin administration (p value = 0.039), demonstrating the weak relationship between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metformin. Relative abundances of some genus were changed after vancomycin administration, and tended to correlate with the antihyperglycemic effects of metformin (p value = 0.062 for Erysipelatoclostridium; p value = 0.039 for Enterobacter; and p value = 0.086 for Faecalibacterium). Adverse events occurred in all subjects and were resolved without sequelae. In conclusion, a decrease in the antihyperglycemic effect of metformin was observed after concomitant administration with vancomycin, without changes in metformin pharmacokinetics. The antihyperglycemic effect was tended to correlate with the relative abundance of several genus, suggesting that the effect of metformin is partly attributable to the gut microbiome (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03809260).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunwoo Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Andrew Hyoungjin Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Chun Ji
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo-Youn Cho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Sang Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Chung
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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Wei RX, Ye FJ, He F, Song Q, Xiong XP, Yang WL, Gang X, Hu JW, Hu B, Xu HY, Li L, Liu HH, Zeng XY, Chen L, Kang B, Han CC. Comparison of overfeeding effects on gut physiology and microbiota in two goose breeds. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100960. [PMID: 33652539 PMCID: PMC7936201 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To have a better understanding of how the “gut–liver axis” mediates the lipid deposition in the liver, a comparison of overfeeding influence on intestine physiology and microbiota between Gang Goose and Tianfu Meat Goose was performed in this study. After force-feeding, compared with Gang Goose, Tianfu Meat Goose had better fat storage capacity in liver (397.94 vs. 166.54 for foie gras weight (g), P < 0.05; 6.37 vs. 2.92% for the ratio of liver to body, P < 0.05; 60.01 vs. 46.64% for fat content, P < 0.05) and the less subcutaneous adipose tissue weight (1240.96 g vs. 1440.46 g, P < 0.05). After force-feeding, the digestion–absorption capacity of Tianfu Meat Goose was higher than that of Gang Goose (5.56 vs. 3.64 and 4.63 vs. 3.68 for the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in duodenum and ileum, respectively, P < 0.05; 1394.96 vs. 782.59 and 1314.76 vs. 766.17 for the invertase activity (U/mg-prot), in duodenum and ileum, respectively, P < 0.05; 6038.36 vs. 3088.29 and 4645.29 vs. 3927.61 for the activity of maltase (U/mg-prot), in duodenum and ileum, respectively, P < 0.05). Force-feeding decreased the gene expression of Escherichia coli in the ileum of Tianfu Meat Goose; force-feeding increased the number of gut microbiota Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-Polymerase Chain Reaction band in Tianfu Meat Goose and decreased the number in Gang Goose. In conclusion, compared with Gang Goose, the lipid deposition in the liver and the intestine digestion–absorption capacity and stability were higher in Tianfu Meat Goose. Thereby, Tianfu Meat Goose is the better breed for foie gras production for prolonged force-feeding; Gang Goose possesses better fat storage capacity in subcutaneous adipose tissue. However, Gang Goose has lower gut stability responding to force-feeding, so Gang Goose is suited to force-feeding in a short time to gain the body weight and subcutaneous fat as an overfed duck for roast duck.
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Affiliation(s)
- R X Wei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - F J Ye
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - F He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Q Song
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - X P Xiong
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - W L Yang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - X Gang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - J W Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - B Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - H Y Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - L Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - H H Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - X Y Zeng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, P.R. China
| | - L Chen
- Xichang Huanong Poultry Co., Xichang, Sichuan 615000, P.R. China
| | - B Kang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - C C Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China.
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