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Suárez-Baquero DFM, Joseph J, McLemore MR. Traditional Black Midwifery to Enhance Birth Justice. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2024:S0884-2175(24)00257-0. [PMID: 39142636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In this commentary, we explore the significance of traditional Black midwifery practices across diaspora and global contexts, focusing on their potential for birth justice. By integrating cultural, health, and historical perspectives, we highlight the transformative power of traditional Black midwifery. Furthermore, we address the challenges that Black traditional and formally trained midwives face within contemporary health care systems. Barriers such as legal restrictions, limited recognition, and inadequate resources hinder the integration of Black midwifery into formal health care frameworks. Finally, strategies to promote collaboration, cultural, and respectful dialogue between traditional Black midwives and modern health care providers are proposed to overcome these challenges.
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Hall H, Mahmood MA, Sitaing M, Aines PZ, Cant R, Crawford K. The PNG Midwifery Leadership Buddy Program: An evaluation. Women Birth 2023; 36:e536-e543. [PMID: 37149495 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM Papua New Guinea (PNG) has a high rate of preventable maternal and neonatal deaths. BACKGROUND Developing midwifery leadership is vital to addressing the current deficits in health outcomes for women and their babies. The PNG Midwifery Leadership Buddy Program responds to this need through leadership training and partnering of midwives across PNG and Australia. Participants in the program undertake a workshop in Port Moresby and commit to a 12-month peer support relationship with a midwife 'buddy'. AIM To evaluate participants' experiences of the Buddy Program and the impact of the program on leadership skills. METHODS All 23 midwives who had completed the program were invited to participate in the evaluation. The study used a concurrent mixed methods approach. Qualitative data were collected via interviews and then thematically analysed. Quantitative data were collected via a survey and analysed with descriptive statistics, then findings were triangulated. FINDINGS Participants reported increased confidence for leadership, action and advocacy. Numerous quality improvement projects were implemented in health services in PNG. Challenges to the success of the program included technological limitations, cultural differences and the COVID-19 pandemic. DISCUSSION Participants reported the PNG Midwifery Leadership Buddy Program was successful in increasing their leadership skills and collaborative opportunities, as well as strengthening midwifery more broadly. While there were barriers, most participants valued the experience and believed it benefited them professionally and personally CONCLUSION: The Buddy Program provides a practical model for building midwifery leadership capacity that may be transferrable to other contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Hall
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Australia; School of Nursing & Midwifery, Latrobe University, Australia
| | - Mohammad Afzal Mahmood
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Mary Sitaing
- PNG Midwifery Society, Papua New Guinea; Port Moresby General Hospital, Papua New Guinea
| | | | - Robyn Cant
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Australia
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Gobezayehu AG, Lijalem M, Endalamaw LA, Mohammad H, Beyene T, Mekonnen TB, Abay GG, Sibley LM, Cranmer JN. Creation of a globally informed and locally relevant KMC implementation model for population-impact in Amhara, Ethiopia. Acta Paediatr 2023; 112 Suppl 473:42-55. [PMID: 36544262 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM As part of a multi-country implementation trial, we tested a regionally specific model of kangaroo mother care (KMC). Effective KMC was defined as ≥8 h of newborn-caregiver skin-to-skin contact daily plus exclusive breast feeding. The study was designed to achieve ≥80+% effective KMC coverage at the population level. METHODS The Amhara KMC model was designed using global evidence, formative research in the region and input from government officials, clinicians, newborn families and global scientists. We optimised the initial model using continuous quality improvement with process feedback, outcome measurement and collaborative re-design. Outcomes from the evaluation period are reported. RESULTS At discharge, the final model resulted in a median of 16 h per day of skin-to-skin contact with 63% effective KMC coverage. Fifty-three percent sustained effective KMC to 7 days post-discharge. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to achieve high coverage (63%), high-quality KMC at public hospitals without prior KMC services using government-owned, multisectoral collaborative design. Targeted co-design, real-time data and customisation of KMC interventions with input from impacted stakeholders was critical in achieving high coverage and sustained quality.
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Bourret K, Mattison C, Hebert E, Kabeya A, Simba S, Crangle M, Darling E, Robinson J. Evidence-informed framework for gender transformative continuing education interventions for midwives and midwifery associations. BMJ Glob Health 2023; 8:bmjgh-2022-011242. [PMID: 36634981 PMCID: PMC9843202 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-011242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Continuing education for midwives is an important investment area to improve the quality of sexual and reproductive health services. Interventions must take into account and provide solutions for the systemic barriers and gender inequities faced by midwives. Our objective was to generate concepts and a theoretical framework of the range of factors and gender transformative considerations for the development of continuing education interventions for midwives. METHODS A critical interpretive synthesis complemented by key informant interviews, focus groups, observations and document review was applied. Three electronic bibliographic databases (CINAHL, EMBASE and MEDLINE) were searched from July 2019 to September 2020 and were again updated in June 2021. A coding structure was created to guide the synthesis across the five sources of evidence. RESULTS A total of 4519 records were retrieved through electronic searches and 103 documents were included in the critical interpretive synthesis. Additional evidence totalled 31 key informant interviews, 5 focus groups (Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania), 24 programme documents and field observations in the form of notes. The resulting theoretical framework outlines the key considerations including gender, the role of the midwifery association, political and health systems and external forces along with key enabling elements for the design, implementation and evaluation of gender transformative continuing education interventions. CONCLUSION Investments in gender transformative continuing education for midwives, led by midwifery associations, can lead to the improvement of midwifery across all United Nations' target areas including governance, health workforce, health system arrangements and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Bourret
- Women and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden .,McMaster Midwifery Research Center, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cristina Mattison
- Women and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Hebert
- Bureau des relations internationales, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ambrocckha Kabeya
- Société Congolaise de la Pratique Sage-femme, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Stephano Simba
- Tanzania Midwives Association (TAMA), Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Moya Crangle
- Canadian Association of Midwives, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Darling
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jamie Robinson
- Canadian Association of Midwives, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Siddiqui S, Smith-Morris C. Professional competition amidst intractable maternal mortality: Midwifery in rural Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Soc Sci Med 2022; 313:115426. [PMID: 36242801 PMCID: PMC9549742 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Low-income countries with intransigent maternal mortality rates often follow WHO guidelines that prioritize access to skilled, or professionalized, prenatal and birthing care. Yet the impact of these initiatives in areas still suffering high maternal mortality is opaque. Despite heavy and long investments, the professionalization of midwifery in Pakistan is incomplete, and declines in maternal mortality have plateaued. Traditional midwives have lost status, but they continue to see clients and have influence in their rural communities. We conducted a rapid ethnography among traditional midwives (Dais) and trained Lady Health Workers (LHWs) in two communities of Attock, Pakistan from May to July of 2020. Our findings underscore the importance of long-term presence and trust to maternal care, especially in conditions of resource scarcity or fear (e.g., fear of COVID). We provide evidence of overt disparagement of Dais by LHWs; (2) illustration of the conflicts between gender norms and biomedical priorities of hospitalized births; and (3) exacerbated fear of hospitals during COVID, which served to highlight the advantages of Dai care. Professionalization programs for midwifery must include structures and training to ensure collaborative communications across the country's midwives. Failure to respect the rational decisions of traditional midwives and their patients in circumstances of scarcity, high stress, and isolation only ignores the material and cultural conditions of these vulnerable communities.
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Mattison C, Bourret K, Hebert E, Leshabari S, Kabeya A, Achiga P, Robinson J, Darling E. Health systems factors impacting the integration of midwifery: an evidence-informed framework on strengthening midwifery associations. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:bmjgh-2020-004850. [PMID: 34083246 PMCID: PMC8174493 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Midwifery associations are organisations that represent midwives and the profession of midwifery. They support midwives to reduce maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity by promoting the overall integration of midwifery in health systems. Our objective was to generate a framework for evidence-informed midwifery association strengthening. Methods A critical interpretive synthesis complemented by key informant interviews, focus groups, observations, and document review was used to inform the development of concepts and theory. Three electronic bibliographical databases (CINAHL, EMBASE and MEDLINE) were searched through to 2 September 2020. A coding structure was created to guide the synthesis across the five sources of evidence. Results A total of 1634 records were retrieved through electronic searches and 57 documents were included in the critical interpretive synthesis. Thirty-one (31) key informant interviews and five focus groups were completed including observations (255 pages) and audio recordings. Twenty-four (24) programme documents were reviewed. The resulting theoretical framework outlines the key factors by context, describes the system drivers that impact the sustainability of midwifery associations and identifies the key-enabling elements involved in designing programmes that strengthen midwifery associations. Conclusion Midwifery associations act as the web that holds the profession together and are key to the integration of the profession in health systems, supporting enabling environments and improving gender inequities. Our findings highlight that in order to strengthen midwifery (education, regulation and services), we have to lead with association strengthening. Building strong associations is the foundation necessary to create formal quality midwifery education systems and to support midwifery regulation and accreditation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mattison
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kirsty Bourret
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Hebert
- University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada.,Congolese Society of Midwifery Practice, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Sebalda Leshabari
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ambrocckha Kabeya
- Congolese Society of Midwifery Practice, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Patrick Achiga
- Vice-secretary, South Sudan Nurses and Midwives Association, Juba, South Sudan
| | - Jamie Robinson
- Global Programs Manager, Canadian Association of Midwives, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Darling
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Strobl H, Brew-Sam N, Curbach J, Metz B, Tittlbach S, Loss J. ACTION for Men: Study Protocol of a Community Capacity Building Intervention to Develop and Implement Gender-Sensitive Physical Activity Programs for Men 50 Plus. Front Public Health 2020; 8:4. [PMID: 32039133 PMCID: PMC6992606 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Capacity building for health promotion is a relevant precondition for sustainable, health-related changes in community settings. So far, there are few evidence-based recommendations about how to implement and evaluate community capacity building approaches. ACTION for men (A4M) is a project designed to build and evaluate capacities for health promotion in three rural communities in Bavaria, Germany, via a participatory approach including multiple community stakeholders. The project specifically aims at improving physical activity (PA) in men over 50 years of age (50 plus). Methods and Analysis: As a strategy to build the communities' capacities, we set up stakeholder groups in so far two communities. Those stakeholder groups will be facilitated over a period of 1–3 years. In regular meetings, the group members will be motivated to actively participate in planning and implementing PA programs for men 50 plus. The facilitation will systematically address key domains of community capacity (e.g., critical awareness, problem assessment, resource mobilization). The evaluation of the capacity building processes will be carried out using a mixed-methods design. Evaluation instruments consist of structured documentations and face-to-face interviews with stakeholder group participants (and drop-outs) as well as a pre-post-test using a standardized questionnaire in order to detect activity-related changes in men 50 plus from the involved communities. In community three, we will conduct the same procedure with a delay of 6 months. Discussion: Building community capacity for health promotion programs is the primary aim in A4M, and thus differs from previous research in which capacity is mostly a means to an end or an “incidental” result of a health promotion program. Therefore, A4M is expected to deliver important findings about how to implement and evaluate capacity building processes for health promotion, as well as how to address physical activity in community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Strobl
- Instiute of Sports Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Nicola Brew-Sam
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Janina Curbach
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Boris Metz
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Tittlbach
- Instiute of Sports Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Julika Loss
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Liu X, Wang F, Ding X, Chen Y, Wang L. Strengthening the maternal and child health system in remote and low-income areas through multilevel governmental collaboration: a case study from Nujiang Prefecture in China. Public Health 2020; 178:23-30. [PMID: 31605805 PMCID: PMC7045275 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the effects of the maternal and child health (MCH) system strengthening through multilevel governmental collaboration in Nujiang Prefecture, China. STUDY DESIGN A case study design was applied. METHODS Guided by the logical framework of the Nujiang MCH Comprehensive Intervention Project, national, provincial, and prefecture government sectors jointly implemented comprehensive health system strengthening (HSS) interventions in Nujiang Prefecture. In this case study, we conducted the end point surveys (November 2015 and January 2016) with 33 local MCH facilities. We also interviewed 35 MCH providers, government officials, leaders of MCH facilities, and project specialists. The thematic framework method was used to analyze the interview data, and descriptive analysis was performed to analyze the survey data. RESULTS The three levels of governmental collaboration contributed to increased government investment in the local MCH system and ensured the successful implementation of the project. Participatory training methods and appropriate HSS interventions tailored to the local context were crucial to improve MCH providers' knowledge and skills, with the proportion of qualified MCH providers increasing from 70% in 2011 to 96% in 2015. Owing to this increase in knowledge and the increase in needed equipment, more MCH hospitals could provide inpatient obstetric services, and more town health clinics were capable of providing basic MCH services. The development of a reimbursement policy tailored to the local context promoted in-hospital delivery. At the conclusion of the project, percentages of antenatal care, in-hospital delivery, and newborn screening increased by 20.71%, 18.12%, and 278.62%, respectively. Growth monitoring coverage for children younger than three years remained stable at around 90%. However, the MCH system was negatively impacted by the workforce shortage. Those shortages were caused by a lack of positive recruitment and retention and incentive policies. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of comprehensive HSS interventions through multilevel governmental collaboration improves the MCH system in remote and low-income areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - F Wang
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - X Ding
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Y Chen
- Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - L Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Akiba CF, Go V, Mwapasa V, Hosseinipour M, Gaynes BN, Amberbir A, Udedi M, Pence BW. The Sub-Saharan Africa Regional Partnership (SHARP) for Mental Health Capacity Building: a program protocol for building implementation science and mental health research and policymaking capacity in Malawi and Tanzania. Int J Ment Health Syst 2019; 13:70. [PMID: 31728158 PMCID: PMC6842238 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-019-0327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health (MH) disorders in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) account for a large proportion of disease burden. While efficacious treatments exist, only 10% of those in need are able to access care. This treatment gap is fueled by structural determinants including inadequate resource allocation and prioritization, both rooted in a lack of research and policy capacity. The goal of the Sub-Saharan Africa Regional Partnership for Mental Health Capacity Building (SHARP), based in Malawi and Tanzania, is to address those research and policy-based determinants. Methods SHARP aims to (1) build implementation science skills and expertise among Malawian and Tanzanian researchers in the area of mental health; (2) ensure that Malawian and Tanzanian policymakers and providers have the knowledge and skills to effectively apply research findings on evidence-based mental health programs to routine practice; and (3) strengthen dialogue between researchers, policymakers, and providers leading to efficient and sustainable scale-up of mental health services in Malawi and Tanzania. SHARP comprises five capacity building components: introductory and advanced short courses, a multifaceted dialogue, on-the-job training, pilot grants, and “mentor the mentors” courses. Discussion Program evaluation includes measuring dose delivered and received, participant knowledge and satisfaction, as well as academic output (e.g., conference posters or presentations, manuscript submissions, grant applications). The SHARP Capacity Building Program aims to make a meaningful contribution in pursuit of a model of capacity building that could be replicated in other LMICs. If impactful, the SHARP Capacity Building Program could increase the knowledge, skills, and mentorship capabilities of researchers, policymakers, and providers regarding effective scale up of evidence-based MH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivian Go
- 363 Rosenau Hall, CB# 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Victor Mwapasa
- 2Centre for Reproductive Health, Malawi College of Medicine, P/Bag 360, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi
| | | | | | | | - Michael Udedi
- 6Ministry of Health, Malawi, P.O. Box 30377, Lilongwe, Malawi
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Sandwell R, Bonser D, Hebert E, Kilroy K, Leshabari S, Mwanga F, Mtawa A, Wilson A, Moritz A. Stronger together: midwifery twinning between Tanzania and Canada. Global Health 2018; 14:123. [PMID: 30545394 PMCID: PMC6293498 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-018-0442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes a twinning relationship between the Canadian Association of Midwives (CAM) and the Tanzania Midwives Association (TAMA). It argues that the twinning relationship strengthened both associations. The article briefly reviews the existing literature on professional associations and association strengthening to demonstrate that professional associations are a vital tool for improving the performance of healthcare workers and increasing their capacity to contribute to national and international policy-making. It then suggests that midwifery associations are particularly significant given the frequent professional marginalization of midwives. The article then describes in depth the relationship between CAM and TAMA, highlighting the accomplishments of the twinned partners, and analyzing the factors that contributed to the success of the relationship. The findings demonstrate that twinning can successfully strengthen associations, increasing their ability to support their membership, care for the public, and shape national policy-making. The article therefore proposes twinning as a successful and cost-effective model for encouraging the growth of the midwifery profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Sandwell
- Canadian Association of Midwives, 2330 rue Notre Dame, Suite 300, Montreal, QC, H3J 1N4, Canada.
| | - Deborah Bonser
- Canadian Association of Midwives, 2330 rue Notre Dame, Suite 300, Montreal, QC, H3J 1N4, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Hebert
- Canadian Association of Midwives, 2330 rue Notre Dame, Suite 300, Montreal, QC, H3J 1N4, Canada
| | - Katrina Kilroy
- Midwives Collective of Toronto, 1203 Bloor St West, Toronto, ON, M6N 1H4, Canada
| | - Sebalda Leshabari
- School of Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P. O. Box 65169, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Feddy Mwanga
- Tanzania Midwives Association, P.O. Box 65524, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Agnes Mtawa
- Tanzania Nursing and Midwifery Council, Kaluta Street, P. O. Box 6632, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Anne Wilson
- Canadian Association of Midwives, 2330 rue Notre Dame, Suite 300, Montreal, QC, H3J 1N4, Canada
| | - Amelie Moritz
- Fondation Sanofi Espoir, 262, Boulevard Saint Germain, 75007, PARIS, France
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Brownson RC, Fielding JE, Green LW. Building Capacity for Evidence-Based Public Health: Reconciling the Pulls of Practice and the Push of Research. Annu Rev Public Health 2018; 39:27-53. [PMID: 29166243 PMCID: PMC5972383 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040617-014746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Timely implementation of principles of evidence-based public health (EBPH) is critical for bridging the gap between discovery of new knowledge and its application. Public health organizations need sufficient capacity (the availability of resources, structures, and workforce to plan, deliver, and evaluate the preventive dose of an evidence-based intervention) to move science to practice. We review principles of EBPH, the importance of capacity building to advance evidence-based approaches, promising approaches for capacity building, and future areas for research and practice. Although there is general agreement among practitioners and scientists on the importance of EBPH, there is less clarity on the definition of evidence, how to find it, and how, when, and where to use it. Capacity for EBPH is needed among both individuals and organizations. Capacity can be strengthened via training, use of tools, technical assistance, assessment and feedback, peer networking, and incentives. Modest investments in EBPH capacity building will foster more effective public health practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross C Brownson
- Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School; Department of Surgery and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA;
| | - Jonathan E Fielding
- Fielding School of Public Health and Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA;
| | - Lawrence W Green
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94127, USA;
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Dawson S, Elliott D, Jackson D. Nurses' contribution to short-term humanitarian care in low- to middle-income countries: An integrative review of the literature. J Clin Nurs 2017; 26:3950-3961. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Dawson
- Avondale College of Higher Education - Sydney Campus; Wahroonga NSW Australia
- Faculty of Health; University of Technology Sydney; Ultimo NSW Australia
| | - Doug Elliott
- Faculty of Health; University of Technology Sydney; Ultimo NSW Australia
| | - Debra Jackson
- Faculty of Health; University of Technology Sydney; Ultimo NSW Australia
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences; Oxford Institute of Nursing & Allied Health Research; Oxford Brookes University; Oxford UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Oxford UK
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Cadée F, Nieuwenhuijze MJ, Lagro-Janssen ALM, De Vries R. The state of the art of twinning, a concept analysis of twinning in healthcare. Global Health 2016; 12:66. [PMID: 27784312 PMCID: PMC5080707 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-016-0205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inequities in health have garnered international attention and are now addressed in Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3), which seeks to 'promote well-being for all'. To attain this goal globally requires innovative approaches, one of which is twinning. According to the International Confederation of Midwives, twinning focusses on empowering professionals, who can subsequently be change-agents for their communities. However, twinning in healthcare is relatively new and because the definition and understanding of twinning lacks clarity, rigorous monitoring and evaluation are rare. A clear definition of twinning is essential for the development of a scientific base for this promising form of collaboration. METHOD We conducted a Concept Analysis (CA) of twinning in healthcare using Morse's method. A qualitative study of the broad literature was performed, including scientific papers, manuals, project reports, and websites. We identified relevant papers through a systematic search using scientific databases, backtracking of references, and experts in the field. RESULTS We found nineteen papers on twinning in healthcare. This included twelve peer reviewed research papers, four manuals on twinning, two project reports, and one website. Seven of these papers offered no definition of twinning. In the other twelve papers definitions varied. Our CA of the literature resulted in four main attributes of twinning in healthcare. First, and most frequently mentioned, was reciprocity. The other three attributes were that twinning: 2) entails the building of personal relationships, 3) is dynamic process, 4) is between two named organisations across different cultures. The literature also indicated that these four attributes, and especially reciprocity, can have an empowering effect on healthcare professionals. CONCLUSIONS Based on these four attributes we developed the following operational definition: Twinning is a cross-cultural, reciprocal process where two groups of people work together to achieve joint goals. A greater understanding and a mature definition of twinning results in clear expectations for participants and thus more effective twinning. This can be the starting point for new collaborations and for further international studies on the effect of twinning in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka Cadée
- CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Research Centre for Midwifery Science, Zuyd University, Universiteitssingel 60, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marianne J Nieuwenhuijze
- Research Centre for Midwifery Science Maastricht, Zuyd University, Universiteitssingel 60, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A L M Lagro-Janssen
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Gender and Women's Health, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O.Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond De Vries
- Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in Medicine University of Michigan Medical School, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 16, 419W, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA.,CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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14
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White AL, Min TH, Gross MM, Kajeechiwa L, Thwin MM, Hanboonkunupakarn B, Than HH, Zin TW, Rijken MJ, Hoogenboom G, McGready R. Accelerated Training of Skilled Birth Attendants in a Marginalized Population on the Thai-Myanmar Border: A Multiple Methods Program Evaluation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164363. [PMID: 27711144 PMCID: PMC5053505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate a skilled birth attendant (SBA) training program in a neglected population on the Thai-Myanmar border, we used multiple methods to show that refugee and migrant health workers can be given effective training in their own environment to become SBAs and teachers of SBAs. The loss of SBAs through resettlement to third countries necessitated urgent training of available workers to meet local needs. Methods and Findings All results were obtained from student records of theory grades and clinical log books. Qualitative evaluation of both the SBA and teacher programs was obtained using semi-structured interviews with supervisors and teachers. We also reviewed perinatal indicators over an eight-year period, starting prior to the first training program until after the graduation of the fourth cohort of SBAs. Results Four SBA training programs scheduled between 2009 and 2015 resulted in 79/88 (90%) of students successfully completing a training program of 250 theory hours and 625 supervised clinical hours. All 79 students were able to: achieve pass grades on theory examination (median 80%, range [70–89]); obtain the required clinical experience within twelve months; achieve clinical competence to provide safe care during childbirth. In 2010–2011, five experienced SBAs completed a train-the-trainer (TOT) program and went on to facilitate further training programs. Perinatal indicators within Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU), such as place of birth, maternal and newborn outcomes, showed no significant differences before and after introduction of training or following graduate deployment in the local maternity units. Confidence, competence and teamwork emerged from qualitative evaluation by senior SBAs working with and supervising students in the clinics. Conclusions We demonstrate that in resource-limited settings or in marginalized populations, it is possible to accelerate training of skilled birth attendants to provide safe maternity care. Education needs to be tailored to local needs to ensure evidence-based care of women and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Lynne White
- Pregnancy Research Centre, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Thaw Htwe Min
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
| | - Mechthild M. Gross
- Midwifery Research and Education Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ladda Kajeechiwa
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
| | - May Myo Thwin
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
| | - Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hla Hla Than
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
| | - Thet Wai Zin
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
| | - Marcus J. Rijken
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
- Julius Global Health and Department of Woman and Baby, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gabie Hoogenboom
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
| | - Rose McGready
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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15
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Bogren MU, Wigert H, Edgren L, Berg M. Towards a midwifery profession in Bangladesh--a systems approach for a complex world. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2015; 15:325. [PMID: 26634695 PMCID: PMC4669606 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-015-0740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The midwifery profession is crucial for a functioning health system aiming at improved maternal and child health outcomes. Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) can be used as a tool to understand actors’ interactions in the system around midwifery profession for improved maternal and child health. The purpose of this study is to explore how actors connect to promote the Bangladesh’s midwifery profession. Methods An explorative study based on the framework of CAS was performed. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 16 key persons representing nine different organisations promoting the establishment of the midwifery profession. Qualitative analysis was used. Results Findings show that the actors were intertwined and driving towards a common goal; to save lives through education and deployment of 3000 midwives. The unique knowledge contributions of everyone involved were giving the system strength and power to perform. Collaboration was seen as more could be achieved compared to what an individual organisation could do. Significant results of this were that two midwifery curricula and faculty development had been produced. Although collaboration was mostly seen as something positive to move the system forward, the approach to reach the set goal varied with different interests, priorities and concerns, both on individual organisational level as well as at system level. Frequent struggles of individual philosophies versus organisational mandates were seen as competing interests for advancing the national priorities. It would appear that newcomers with innovative ideas were denied access on the same terms as other actors. Conclusions This study illustrates that CAS thinking can be used as a metaphor to understand how to adapt more emergent ways of working instead of the traditional planned approaches to change and develop in order to deal better with a more complex world. Through examining how actors connect for establishing a midwifery profession, offers insights of shared interests towards stepping up efforts for a competent midwifery profession in Bangladesh and elsewhere. Good relationships, where everyone’s expertise and innovations, are used to the full, are crucial for establishing a strong midwifery profession and thus improved maternal and child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Upper Bogren
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Arvid Wallgrens Backe, Box 457, S-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Helena Wigert
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Arvid Wallgrens Backe, Box 457, S-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Lars Edgren
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Arvid Wallgrens Backe, Box 457, S-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Marie Berg
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Arvid Wallgrens Backe, Box 457, S-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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16
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Xia ZG, Wang RB, Wang DQ, Feng J, Zheng Q, Deng CS, Abdulla S, Guan YY, Ding W, Yao JW, Qian YJ, Bosman A, Newman RD, Ernest T, O’leary M, Xiao N. China-Africa cooperation initiatives in malaria control and elimination. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2015; 86:319-37. [PMID: 25476890 PMCID: PMC7149756 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800869-0.00012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Malaria has affected human health globally with a significant burden of disease, and also has impeded social and economic development in the areas where it is present. In Africa, many countries have faced serious challenges in controlling malaria, in part due to major limitations in public health systems and primary health care infrastructure. Although China is a developing country, a set of control strategies and measures in different local settings have been implemented successfully by the National Malaria Control Programme over the last 60 years, with a low cost of investment. It is expected that Chinese experience may benefit malaria control in Africa. This review will address the importance and possibility of China–Africa collaboration in control of malaria in targeted African countries, as well as how to proceed toward the goal of elimination where this is technically feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gui Xia
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru-Bo Wang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Duo-Quan Wang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Feng
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zheng
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang-Sheng Deng
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Ya-Yi Guan
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Ding
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Wen Yao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Jun Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Andrea Bosman
- Global Malaria Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Tambo Ernest
- Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science; Center for Sustainable Malaria Control, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Michael O’leary
- World Health Organization, China Representative Office, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Xiao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author: E-mail:
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