Immobilized lipase on porous silica particles: Preparation and application for biodegradable polymer syntheses in ionic liquid at higher temperature

Achievements and Trends in Biocatalytic Synthesis of Specialty Polymers from Biomass-Derived Monomers Using Lipases

New technologies for the conversion of biomass into high-value chemicals, including polymers and plastics, is a must and a challenge. The development of green processes in the last decade involved a continuous increase of the interest towards the synthesis of polymers using in vitro biocatalysis. Among the remarkable diversity of new bio-based polymeric products meeting the criteria of sustainability, biocompatibility, and eco-friendliness, a wide range of polyesters with shorter chain length were obtained and characterized, targeting biomedical and cosmetic applications. In this review, selected examples of such specialty polymers are presented, highlighting the recent developments concerning the use of lipases, mostly in immobilized form, for the green synthesis of ε-caprolactone co-polymers, polyesters with itaconate or furan units, estolides, and polyesteramides. The significant process parameters influencing the average molecular weights and other characteristics are discussed, revealing the advantages and limitations of biocatalytic processes for the synthesis of these bio-based polymers.

Synthesis of glycinamides using protease immobilized magnetic nanoparticles

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Protease producing Bacillus subtilis was isolated from animal slaughter house waste.

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Protease was covalently immobilized on amino-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (AMNPs).

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To our knowledge, for the first time these magnetic nano biocatalyst was used for the synthesis of series of novel glycinamides.

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Parameters for glycinamides synthesis such as, pH, temperature and time were optimized using Response Surface Methodology.

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Reusability study showed that protease immobilized MNPs retain up to 70% of initial activity after 8th cycles of reuse for the synthesis.

In the present investigation, Bacillus subtilis was isolated from slaughterhouse waste and screened for the production of protease enzyme. The purified protease was successfully immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and used for the synthesis of series of glycinamides. The binding and thermal stability of protease on MNPs was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and TGA analysis. The surface morphology of MNPs before and after protease immobilization was carried out using SEM analysis. XRD pattern revealed no phase change in MNPs after enzyme immobilization. The processing parameters for glycinamides synthesis viz. temperature, pH, and time were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) by using Design Expert (9.0.6.2). The maximum yield of various amides 2 butyramidoacetic acid (AMD-1,83.4%), 2-benzamidoacetic acid (AMD-2,80.5%) and 2,2′((carboxymethyl) amino)-2-oxoethyl)-2-hydroxysuccinyl)bis(azanediyl))diacetic acid (AMD-3,80.8%) formed was observed at pH-8, 50 °C and 30 min. The synthesized immobilized protease retained 70% of the initial activity even after 8 cycles of reuse.