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Hsieh MS, Hsu CW, Liao HC, Lin CL, Chiang CY, Chen MY, Liu SJ, Liao CL, Chen HW. SARS-CoV-2 spike-FLIPr fusion protein plus lipidated FLIPr protects against various SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters. J Virol 2024; 98:e0154623. [PMID: 38299865 PMCID: PMC10878263 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01546-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccine-induced mucosal immunity and broad protective capacity against various severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants remain inadequate. Formyl peptide receptor-like 1 inhibitory protein (FLIPr), produced by Staphylococcus aureus, can bind to various Fcγ receptor subclasses. Recombinant lipidated FLIPr (rLF) was previously found to be an effective adjuvant. In this study, we developed a vaccine candidate, the recombinant Delta SARS-CoV-2 spike (rDS)-FLIPr fusion protein (rDS-F), which employs the property of FLIPr binding to various Fcγ receptors. Our study shows that rDS-F plus rLF promotes rDS capture by dendritic cells. Intranasal vaccination of mice with rDS-F plus rLF increases persistent systemic and mucosal antibody responses and CD4/CD8 T-cell responses. Importantly, antibodies induced by rDS-F plus rLF vaccination neutralize Delta, Wuhan, Alpha, Beta, and Omicron strains. Additionally, rDS-F plus rLF provides protective effects against various SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters by reducing inflammation and viral loads in the lung. Therefore, rDS-F plus rLF is a potential vaccine candidate to induce broad protective responses against various SARS-CoV-2 variants.IMPORTANCEMucosal immunity is vital for combating pathogens, especially in the context of respiratory diseases like COVID-19. Despite this, most approved vaccines are administered via injection, providing systemic but limited mucosal protection. Developing vaccines that stimulate both mucosal and systemic immunity to address future coronavirus mutations is a growing trend. However, eliciting strong mucosal immune responses without adjuvants remains a challenge. In our study, we have demonstrated that using a recombinant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike-formyl peptide receptor-like 1 inhibitory protein (FLIPr) fusion protein as an antigen, in combination with recombinant lipidated FLIPr as an effective adjuvant, induced simultaneous systemic and mucosal immune responses through intranasal immunization in mice and hamster models. This approach offered protection against various SARS-CoV-2 strains, making it a promising vaccine candidate for broad protection. This finding is pivotal for future broad-spectrum vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shu Hsieh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Hsu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chun Liao
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ling Lin
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yi Chiang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yu Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Len Liao
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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2
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Chiu FF, Tu LL, Chen W, Zhou H, Liu BS, Liu SJ, Leng CH. A broad-spectrum pneumococcal vaccine induces mucosal immunity and protects against lethal Streptococcus pneumoniae challenge. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2272656. [PMID: 37855122 PMCID: PMC10606790 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2272656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Pneumococcal disease is a major threat to public health globally, impacting individuals across all age groups, particularly infants and elderly individuals. The use of current vaccines has led to unintended consequences, including serotype replacement, leading to a need for a new approach to combat pneumococcal disease. A promising solution is the development of a broad-spectrum pneumococcal vaccine. In this study, we present the development of a broad-spectrum protein-based pneumococcal vaccine that contains three pneumococcal virulence factors: rlipo-PsaA (lipidated form), rPspAΔC (truncated form), and rPspCΔC (truncated form). Intranasal immunization with rlipo-PsaA, rPspAΔC, and rPspCΔC (LAAC) resulted in significantly higher IgG titres than those induced by administration of nonlipidated rPsaA, rPspAΔC, and rPspCΔC (AAC). Furthermore, LAAC immunization induced the production of higher IgA titres in vaginal washes, feces, and sera in mice, indicating that LAAC can induce systemic mucosal immunity. In addition, administration of LAAC also induced Th1/Th17-biased immune responses and promoted opsonic phagocytosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains of various serotypes, implying that the immunogenicity of LAAC immunization provides a protective effect against pneumococcal infection. Importantly, challenge data showed that the LAAC-immunized mice had a reduced bacterial load not only for several serotypes of the 13-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) but also for selected non-PCV13 serotypes. Consistently, LAAC immunization increased the survival rate of mice after bacterial challenge with both PCV13 and non-PCV13 serotypes. In conclusion, our protein-based pneumococcal vaccine provides protective effects against a broad spectrum of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Feng Chiu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ling Tu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wangxue Chen
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center (HHT), National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center (HHT), National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Bing-Sin Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Leng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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3
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Hsieh MS, Chen MY, Hsu CW, Tsai YW, Chiu FF, Hsu CL, Lin CL, Wu CC, Tu LL, Chiang CY, Liu SJ, Liao CL, Chen HW. Recombinant lipidated FLIPr effectively enhances mucosal and systemic immune responses for various vaccine types. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:82. [PMID: 37268688 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptor-like 1 inhibitor protein (FLIPr) is an immune evasion protein produced by Staphylococcus aureus, and FLIPr is a potential vaccine candidate for reducing Staphylococcus aureus virulence and biofilm formation. We produced recombinant lipidated FLIPr (rLF) to increase the immunogenicity of FLIPr and showed that rLF alone elicited potent anti-FLIPr antibody responses to overcome the FLIPr-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. In addition, rLF has potent immunostimulatory properties. We demonstrated that rLF is an effective adjuvant. When an antigen is formulated with rLF, it can induce long-lasting antigen-specific immune responses and enhance mucosal and systemic antibody responses as well as broad-spectrum T-cell responses in mice. These findings support further exploration of rLF in the clinic as an adjuvant for various vaccine types with extra benefits to abolish FLIPr-mediated immunosuppressive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shu Hsieh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yu Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Hsu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Tsai
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Feng Chiu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Lung Hsu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ling Lin
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Chieh Wu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ling Tu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yi Chiang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Len Liao
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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4
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Zhang G, Liu W, Yang S, Song S, Ma Y, Zhou G, Liang X, Miao C, Li J, Liu Y, Shao J, Chang H. Evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses induced by a cocktail of recombinant African swine fever virus antigens fused with OprI in domestic pigs. Virol J 2023; 20:104. [PMID: 37237390 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND African swine fever (ASF) is a highly fatal disease in domestic pigs caused by ASF virus (ASFV), for which there is currently no commercial vaccine available. The genome of ASFV encodes more than 150 proteins, some of which have been included in subunit vaccines but only induce limited protection against ASFV challenge. METHODS To enhance immune responses induced by ASFV proteins, we expressed and purified three fusion proteins with each consisting of bacterial lipoprotein OprI, 2 different ASFV proteins/epitopes and a universal CD4+ T cell epitope, namely OprI-p30-modified p54-TT, OprI-p72 epitopes-truncated pE248R-TT, and OprI-truncated CD2v-truncated pEP153R-TT. The immunostimulatory activity of these recombinant proteins was first assessed on dendritic cells. Then, humoral and cellular immunity induced by these three OprI-fused proteins cocktail formulated with ISA206 adjuvant (O-Ags-T formulation) were assessed in pigs. RESULTS The OprI-fused proteins activated dendritic cells with elevated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the O-Ags-T formulation elicited a high level of antigen-specific IgG responses and interferon-γ-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T cells after stimulation in vitro. Importantly, the sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pigs vaccinated with the O-Ags-T formulation respectively reduced ASFV infection in vitro by 82.8% and 92.6%. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the OprI-fused proteins cocktail formulated with ISA206 adjuvant induces robust ASFV-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in pigs. Our study provides valuable information for the further development of subunit vaccines against ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd. (LIBP), a subsidiary company of China National Biotec Group Company Limited (CNBG), Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Sicheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Shuai Song
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Guangqing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiaxia Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Chun Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Junhui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Junjun Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Huiyun Chang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, OIE/China National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.
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5
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Zhang G, Liu W, Gao Z, Chang Y, Yang S, Peng Q, Ge S, Kang B, Shao J, Chang H. Antigenic and immunogenic properties of recombinant proteins consisting of two immunodominant African swine fever virus proteins fused with bacterial lipoprotein OprI. Virol J 2022; 19:16. [PMID: 35062983 PMCID: PMC8781047 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01747-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly fatal swine disease, which threatens the global pig industry. There is no commercially available vaccine against ASF and effective subunit vaccines would represent a real breakthrough.
Methods
In this study, we expressed and purified two recombinant fusion proteins, OPM (OprI-p30-modified p54) and OPMT (OprI-p30-modified p54-T cell epitope), which combine the bacterial lipoprotein OprI with ASF virus proteins p30 and p54. Purified recombinant p30 and modified p54 expressed alone or fused served as controls. The activation of dendritic cells (DCs) by these proteins was first assessed. Then, humoral and cellular immunity induced by the proteins were evaluated in mice.
Results
Both OPM and OPMT activated DCs with elevated expression of relevant surface molecules and proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, OPMT elicited the highest levels of antigen-specific IgG responses, cytokines including interleukin-2, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and proliferation of lymphocytes. Importantly, the sera from mice vaccinated with OPM or OPMT neutralized more than 86% of ASF virus in vitro.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that OPMT has good immunostimulatory activities and immunogenicity in mice, and might be an appropriate candidate to elicit immune responses in swine. Our study provides valuable information on further development of a subunit vaccine against ASF.
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6
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Li C, Han T, Li R, Fu L, Yue L. miR-26a-5p mediates TLR signaling pathway by targeting CTGF in LPS-induced alveolar macrophage. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20192598. [PMID: 32420583 PMCID: PMC7273919 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the regulation mechanism of miR-26a-5p and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced alveolar macrophages, which is a severe pneumonia cell model. MH-S cells were grouped into Normal group, Model group, negative control (NC) group, miR-26a-5p mimic group, oe-CTGF group, miR-26a-5p mimic + oe-CTGF group. The expression level of miR-26a-5p, CTGF and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling related molecules (TLR2, TLR4 and nuclear factor-κB p65) were detected by qRT-PCR and WB, respectively. The cell viability and apoptosis rate were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and flow cytometry, respectively. Compared with the Normal group, the expression level of miR-26a-5p was significantly decreased, while CTGF protein level was significantly increased in the Model group. Compared with the Model group, MH-S cells with miR-26a-5p overexpression showed enhanced cell viability, decreased apoptosis rate, declined expression level of TLR signaling related molecules and reduced level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) 6 (IL-6) and IL-1β, while those with CTGF overexpression had an opposite phenotype. In conclusion, miR-26a-5p can inhibit the expression of CTGF and mediate TLR signaling pathway to inhibit the cell apoptosis and reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in alveolar macrophages which is a cell model of severe pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Li
- Department of Emergency, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, He’nan Province, China
| | - Tingfeng Han
- Department of Gynecology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, He’nan Province, China
| | - Run Li
- Department of Emergency, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, He’nan Province, China
| | - Liming Fu
- Department of Emergency, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, He’nan Province, China
| | - Lei Yue
- Department of Emergency, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, He’nan Province, China
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7
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Alameddine J, Godefroy E, Papargyris L, Sarrabayrouse G, Tabiasco J, Bridonneau C, Yazdanbakhsh K, Sokol H, Altare F, Jotereau F. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Skews Human DC to Prime IL10-Producing T Cells Through TLR2/6/JNK Signaling and IL-10, IL-27, CD39, and IDO-1 Induction. Front Immunol 2019; 10:143. [PMID: 30787928 PMCID: PMC6373781 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human colonic mucosa contains regulatory type 1-like (Tr1-like, i.e., IL-10-secreting and Foxp3-negative) T cells specific for the gut Clostridium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii), which are both decreased in Crohn's disease patients. These data, together with the demonstration, in mice, that colonic regulatory T cells (Treg) induced by Clostridium bacteria are key players in colon homeostasis, support a similar role for F. prausnitzii-specific Treg in the human colon. Here we assessed the mechanisms whereby F. prausnitzii induces human colonic Treg. We demonstrated that F. prausnitzii, but not related Clostridia, skewed human dendritic cells to prime IL-10-secreting T cells. Accordingly, F. prausnitzii induced dendritic cells to express a unique array of potent Tr1/Treg polarizing molecules: IL-10, IL-27, CD39, IDO-1, and PDL-1 and, following TLR4 stimulation, inhibited their up-regulation of costimulation molecules as well as their production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12 (p35 and p40) and TNFα. We further showed that these potent tolerogenic effects relied on F. prausnitzii-induced TLR2/6 triggering, JNK signaling and CD39 ectonucleotidase activity, which was induced by IDO-1 and IL-27. These data, together with the presence of F. prausnitzii-specific Tr1-like Treg in the human colon, point out to dendritic cells polarization by F. prausnitzii as the first described cellular mechanism whereby the microbiota composition may affect human colon homeostasis. Identification of F. prausnitzii-induced mediators involved in Tr1-like Treg induction by dendritic cells opens therapeutic avenues for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joudy Alameddine
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Loukas Papargyris
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Angers, France
| | | | - Julie Tabiasco
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Angers, France
| | - Chantal Bridonneau
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Harry Sokol
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,APHP Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Laboratoire des Biomolécules, Département de Chimie, CNRS, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Altare
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Francine Jotereau
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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8
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Ryu H, Lim H, Choi G, Park YJ, Cho M, Na H, Ahn CW, Kim YC, Kim WU, Lee SH, Chung Y. Atherogenic dyslipidemia promotes autoimmune follicular helper T cell responses via IL-27. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:583-593. [DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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9
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Chiang CY, Chen YJ, Wu CC, Liu SJ, Leng CH, Chen HW. Efficient Uptake of Recombinant Lipidated Survivin by Antigen-Presenting Cells Initiates Antigen Cross-Presentation and Antitumor Immunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:822. [PMID: 29755461 PMCID: PMC5932405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is overexpressed in various types of human cancer, but rarely expressed in terminally differentiated adult tissues. Thus, survivin is a potential target antigen for a cancer vaccine. However, self-tumor-associated antigens are not highly immunogenic. Bacteria-derived lipoproteins can activate antigen-presenting cells through their toll-like receptors to enhance immune responses. In this context, lipidated survivin is an attractive candidate for cancer immunotherapy. In the present study, recombinant lipidated human survivin (LSur) was prepared from an Escherichia coli-based system. We investigated whether LSur is efficiently captured by antigen-presenting cells then facilitating effective induction of survivin cross-presentation and generation of immunity against cancer cells. Our results demonstrate that LSur, but not its non-lipidated counterpart, can activate mouse bone-marrow-derived-dendritic cells (BMDCs) to enhance cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-12) secretion and costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC II) expression. However, the pathways involved in the capture of the recombinant lipidated antigen by antigen-presenting cells have not yet been elucidated. To this end, we employ various endocytosis inhibitors to study the effect on LSur internalization. We show that the internalization of LSur is suppressed by the inhibition of various routes of endocytosis. These results suggest that endocytosis of LSur by BMDCs can be mediated by multiple mechanisms. Furthermore, LSur is trafficked to the early endosome after internalization by BMDCs. These features of LSur are advantageous for cross-presentation and the induction of antitumor immunity. We demonstrate that immunization of C57BL/6 mice with LSur under treatment with exogenous adjuvant-free formulation induce survivin-specific CD8+ T-cell responses and suppress tumor growth. The antitumor responses are mediated by CD8+ cells. Our findings indicate that LSur is a potential candidate for stimulating protective antitumor immunity. This study suggests that lipidated tumor antigens may be a promising approach for raising a robust antitumor response in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Chiang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jyun Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Chieh Wu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Leng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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10
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Dengue viruses and promising envelope protein domain III-based vaccines. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:2977-2996. [PMID: 29470620 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dengue viruses are emerging mosquito-borne pathogens belonging to Flaviviridae family which are transmitted to humans via the bites of infected mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Because of the wide distribution of these mosquito vectors, more than 2.5 billion people are approximately at risk of dengue infection. Dengue viruses cause dengue fever and severe life-threatening illnesses as well as dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. All four serotypes of dengue virus can cause dengue diseases, but the manifestations are nearly different depending on type of the virus in consequent infections. Infection by any serotype creates life-long immunity against the corresponding serotype and temporary immunity to the others. This transient immunity declines after a while (6 months to 2 years) and is not protective against other serotypes, even may enhance the severity of a secondary heterotypic infection with a different serotype through a phenomenon known as antibody-depended enhancement (ADE). Although, it can be one of the possible explanations for more severe dengue diseases in individuals infected with a different serotype after primary infection. The envelope protein (E protein) of dengue virus is responsible for a wide range of biological activities, including binding to host cell receptors and fusion to and entry into host cells. The E protein, and especially its domain III (EDIII), stimulates host immunity responses by inducing protective and neutralizing antibodies. Therefore, the dengue E protein is an important antigen for vaccine development and diagnostic purposes. Here, we have provided a comprehensive review of dengue disease, vaccine design challenges, and various approaches in dengue vaccine development with emphasizing on newly developed envelope domain III-based dengue vaccine candidates.
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11
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Wu CC, Liu SJ, Chen HW, Shen KY, Leng CH. A Toll-like receptor 2 agonist-fused antigen enhanced antitumor immunity by increasing antigen presentation and the CD8 memory T cells population. Oncotarget 2017; 7:30804-19. [PMID: 27127171 PMCID: PMC5058719 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of long-lived effector CD8+ T cells is key to the development of efficient cancer vaccines. In this study, we demonstrated that a Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonist-fused antigen increased antigen presentation via TLR2 signaling and induced effector memory-like CD8+ T cells against cancer after immunization. The N-terminus of ovalbumin (OVA) was biologically fused with a bacterial lipid moiety TLR2 agonist to produce a recombinant lipidated ovalbumin (rlipo-OVA). We demonstrated that rlipo-OVA activated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) maturation and increased antigen presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I via TLR2. After immunization, rlipo-OVA skewed the immune response towards T helper (Th) 1 and induced OVA-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. Moreover, immunization with rlipo-OVA induced higher numbers of effector memory (CD44+CD62L-) CD8+ T cells compared with recombinant ovalbumin (rOVA) alone or rOVA mixed with the TLR2 agonist Pam3CSK4. Accordingly, the CD27+CD43+ effector memory CD8+ T cells expressed high levels of the long-lived CD127 marker. The administration of rlipo-OVA could inhibit tumor growth, but the anti-tumor effects were lost after the depletion of CD8 or CD127 cells in vivo. These findings suggested that the TLR2 agonist-fused antigen induced long-lived memory CD8+ T cells for efficient cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Chieh Wu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.,National Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yin Shen
- National Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Leng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.,National Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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12
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George JA, Kim SB, Choi JY, Patil AM, Hossain FMA, Uyangaa E, Hur J, Park SY, Lee JH, Kim K, Eo SK. TLR2/MyD88 pathway-dependent regulation of dendritic cells by dengue virus promotes antibody-dependent enhancement via Th2-biased immunity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:106050-106070. [PMID: 29285314 PMCID: PMC5739701 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Possible risk mediators in primary dengue virus (DenV) infection that favor secondary DenV infection to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and shock syndrome (DSS) via antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) have not yet been described. Here, DenV infection enhanced the expression of inflammatory mediators and activation molecules in dendritic cells (DCs) through TLR2/MyD88 pathway. TLR2 appeared to facilitate DenV infection in DCs that were less permissive than macrophages for viral replication. In experiments using separate evaluations of DenV-infected and uninfected bystander DCs, infected DCs showed impaired maturation accompanied with TLR2-dependent production of inflammatory cytokines, by which uninfected bystander DCs showed increased expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Differential phosphorylation of MAPK and STAT3 was also detected between DenV-infected and uninfected DCs. Furthermore, DenV infection stimulated Th2-polarized humoral and cellular immunity against foreign and DenV Ag via TLR2/MyD88 pathway, and DenV-infected DCs were revealed to facilitate Th2-biased immune responses in TLR2-dependent manner. TLR2/MyD88-mediated Th2-biased Ab responses to primary DenV infection increased the infectivity of secondary homotypic or heterotypic DenV via ADE. Collectively, these results indicate that TLR2/MyD88 pathway in DC-priming receptors can drive Th2-biased immune responses during primary DenV infection, which could favor secondary DenV infection to DHF/DSS via ADE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junu Aleyas George
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Bum Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajit Mahadev Patil
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Ferdaus Mohd Altaf Hossain
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Erdenebelig Uyangaa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youel Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - John-Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Koanhoi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
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Yu B, Shen Y, Qiao J, Cui Q. Geniposide attenuates Staphylococcus aureus-induced pneumonia in mice by inhibiting NF-κB activation. Microb Pathog 2017; 112:117-121. [PMID: 28958950 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major cause of pneumonia that often affects young and immunocompetent patients. Inflammation plays an important role in the development of S. aureus-induced pneumonia. Geniposide, a major iridoid glucoside component of gardenia fruit, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of geniposide on S. aureus-induced pneumonia in mice. Lung histopathological changes were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, wet-to-dry (W/D) ratio, and inflammatory cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured. The results showed that S. aureus-induced lung histopathological changes were attenuated by geniposide. S. aureus-induced MPO activity and lung W/D ratio were inhibited by treatment of geniposide. Furthermore, the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the BALF were also suppressed by geniposide. In addition, geniposide significantly inhibited S. aureus-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation. Taken together, these results showed that geniposide inhibited S. aureus-induced pneumonia in mice by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. Geniposide might be used as a potential agent for the treatment of S. aureus-induced pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongbin Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiutao Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingbo Cui
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Zhang T, Liu H, Chen X, Wang Z, Wang S, Qu C, Zhang J, Xu X. Lipidated L2 epitope repeats fused with a single-chain antibody fragment targeting human FcγRI elicited cross-neutralizing antibodies against a broad spectrum of human papillomavirus types. Vaccine 2016; 34:5531-5539. [PMID: 27729176 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Numerous types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been identified, and the global burden of diseases associated with HPV infection is remarkable, especially in developing regions. Thus a low-cost broad-spectrum prophylactic vaccine is urgently needed. The N-terminal amino acid 17-36 of HPV 16 L2 protein is confirmed to be a major cross-neutralizing epitope (RG-1 epitope). Monomeric proteins containing RG-1 epitopes and scaffold proteins, such as bacterial thioredoxin or modified IgG1 Fc fragment and L2 epitope fusion protein, induced cross-neutralizing antibodies, arousing the possibility of the development of low-cost monomeric vaccine in bacterial expression system. Here we show that a novel immunogen-scaffold protein containing a lipidated triple-repeat HPV 16RG-1 epitope and a hFcγRI specific single-chain antibody fragment (H22scFv), named LpE3H22, elicited high titers of cross-neutralizing antibodies against a broad range of mucosal and cutaneous HPV types when adjuvanted with MF59 and poly I:C. LpE3H22 was produced in E. coli expression system. In contrast to three repeats of RG-1 epitope (E3) and unlipidated fusion protein E3H22, vaccination of LpE3H22 induced robust cross-neutralizing antibody responses in hFcγRI transgenic mice. Furthermore, the neutralizing antibody response induced by LpE3H22 was significantly weaker in WT mice than in the Tg mice. The cross-neutralizing antibodies induced by LpE3H22 sustained for at least 10months in Tg mice. Our results demonstrate that hFcγRI targeting and lipidation both contribute to the enhancement of immunogenicity of L2 antigen. Therefore, delivering the lipidated L2 antigen with H22scFv opens a new avenue for low-cost pan-HPV vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunfeng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhi Zhang
- Changchun Werersai Biotec Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Changchun, China
| | - Xuemei Xu
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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15
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A novel rabies virus lipopeptide provides a better protection by improving the magnitude of DCs activation and T cell responses. Virus Res 2016; 221:66-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Chiang CY, Pan CH, Chen MY, Hsieh CH, Tsai JP, Liu HH, Liu SJ, Chong P, Leng CH, Chen HW. Immunogenicity of a novel tetravalent vaccine formulation with four recombinant lipidated dengue envelope protein domain IIIs in mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30648. [PMID: 27470096 PMCID: PMC4965760 DOI: 10.1038/srep30648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a novel platform to express high levels of recombinant lipoproteins with intrinsic adjuvant properties. Based on this technology, our group developed recombinant lipidated dengue envelope protein domain IIIs as vaccine candidates against dengue virus. This work aims to evaluate the immune responses in mice to the tetravalent formulation. We demonstrate that 4 serotypes of recombinant lipidated dengue envelope protein domain III induced both humoral and cellular immunity against all 4 serotypes of dengue virus on the mixture that formed the tetravalent formulation. Importantly, the immune responses induced by the tetravalent formulation in the absence of the exogenous adjuvant were functional in clearing the 4 serotypes of dengue virus in vivo. We affirm that the tetravalent formulation of recombinant lipidated dengue envelope protein domain III is a potential vaccine candidate against dengue virus and suggest further detailed studies of this formulation in nonhuman primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Chiang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Hsiung Pan
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mei-Yu Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hsiang Hsieh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jy-Ping Tsai
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsueh-Hung Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Pele Chong
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsiang Leng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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17
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Liu L, Han X, Huang Q, Zhu X, Yang J, Liu H. Increased neuronal seizure activity correlates with excessive systemic inflammation in a rat model of severe preeclampsia. Hypertens Res 2016; 39:701-708. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2016.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Carboxyl-terminal fusion of E7 into Flagellin shifts TLR5 activation to NLRC4/NAIP5 activation and induces TLR5-independent anti-tumor immunity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24199. [PMID: 27063435 PMCID: PMC4827055 DOI: 10.1038/srep24199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Flagellin has the capacity to activate both Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and Nod-like receptor C4 (NLRC4)/neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein 5 (NAIP5) inflammasome signaling. We fused E7m (the inactivated E7 of human papillomavirus) to either end of the flagellin protein, and the resulting recombinant flagellin-E7m proteins (rFliCE7m and rE7mFliC) were used as immunogens. Both fusion proteins activated receptor signaling to different degrees. rE7mFliC-induced TLR5 activity was 10-fold higher than that of rFliCE7m, whereas rFliCE7m activated the NLRC4/NAIP5 pathway more strongly. Therefore, these recombinant proteins provided a tool to investigate which signaling pathway is critical for the induction of antigen-specific T cell responses and anti-tumor immunity. We demonstrated that rFliCE7m induced higher levels of E7-specific IFN-gamma-secreting cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) than rE7mFliC, and a single injection with rFliCE7m but not rE7mFliC inhibited E7-expressing tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, we confirmed that CD8+ T cells played a major role in the anti-tumor immunity induced by rFliCE7m. These findings suggested that the NLRC4/NAIP5 intracellular signaling pathway was critical for the induction of anti-tumor immunity. These observations provide important information for the rational design of flagellin-based immunotherapy.
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Chiang CY, Liu SJ, Hsieh CH, Chen MY, Tsai JP, Liu HH, Chen IH, Chong P, Leng CH, Chen HW. Recombinant lipidated dengue-3 envelope protein domain III stimulates broad immune responses in mice. Vaccine 2016; 34:1054-61. [PMID: 26776472 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The linkage of an immunogen with a toll-like receptor ligand has great potential to induce highly potent immune responses with the initial features of antigen-presenting cell activation. In the current study, we expressed recombinant dengue-3 envelope protein domain III (D3ED III) in lipidated form using an Escherichia coli-based system. The recombinant lipidated dengue-3 envelope protein domain III (LD3ED III) augments the expression levels of IL-12 family cytokines. LD3ED III-immunized mice enhance wide ranges of T cell responses as indicated by IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-21 production. Additionally, LD3ED III-immunized mice increase the frequencies of anti-D3ED III antibody producing cells. The boosted antibody titers cover various IgG isotypes, including IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3. Importantly, LD3ED III-immunized mice induce neutralizing antibody capacity associated with a reduction of viremia levels after challenges. In contrast, mice that are immunized with D3ED III formulated with aluminum phosphate (D3ED III/Alum) only enhance Th2 responses and boost IgG1 antibody titers. Neither neutralizing antibody responses nor the inhibition of viremia levels after challenge is observed in mice that are immunized with D3ED III/Alum. These results suggest that LD3ED III can induce broad profiles of cellular and humoral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Chiang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Hsieh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yu Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jy-Ping Tsai
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Hung Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - I-Hua Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pele Chong
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Leng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Islam R, Salahuddin M, Ayubi MS, Hossain T, Majumder A, Taylor-Robinson AW, Mahmud-Al-Rafat A. Dengue epidemiology and pathogenesis: images of the future viewed through a mirror of the past. Virol Sin 2015; 30:326-43. [PMID: 26494479 PMCID: PMC8200867 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-015-3624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Every year, millions of individuals throughout the world are seriously affected by dengue virus. The unavailability of a vaccine and of anti-viral drugs has made this mosquito-borne disease a serious health concern. Not only does dengue cause fatalities but it also has a profoundly negative economic impact. In recent decades, extensive research has been performed on epidemiology, vector biology, life cycle, pathogenesis, vaccine development and prevention. Although dengue research is still not at a stage to suggest definite hopes of a cure, encouraging significant advances have provided remarkable progress in the fight against infection. Recent developments indicate that both anti-viral drug and vaccine research should be pursued, in parallel with vector control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashedul Islam
- Bio-Resources Technology and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Salahuddin
- Bio-Resources Technology and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Salahuddin Ayubi
- Bio-Resources Technology and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Tahmina Hossain
- Bio-Resources Technology and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Apurba Majumder
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9100, Bangladesh
| | - Andrew W Taylor-Robinson
- School of Medical & Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, 4701, Australia
| | - Abdullah Mahmud-Al-Rafat
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9100, Bangladesh.
- Research and Development (R&D) Department, Incepta Vaccine Limited, Zirabo, Savar, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh.
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Leng CH, Liu SJ, Chen HW, Chong P. Recombinant bacterial lipoproteins as vaccine candidates. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015; 14:1623-32. [PMID: 26420467 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1091732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant bacterial lipoproteins (RLP) with built-in immuno-stimulating properties for novel subunit vaccine development are reviewed. This platform technology offers the following advantages: easily converts antigens into highly immunogenic RLP using a fusion sequence containing lipobox; the lipid moiety of RLP is recognized as the danger signals in the immune system through the Toll-like receptor 2, so both innate and adaptive immune responses can be induced by RLP; serves as an efficient and cost-effective bioprocess for producing RLP in Escherichia coli and the feasibility and safety of this core platform technology has been successfully demonstrated in animal model studies including meningococcal group B subunit vaccine, dengue subunit vaccine, novel subunit vaccine against Clostridium difficile-associated diseases and HPV-based immunotherapeutic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsiang Leng
- a Vaccine R&D Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- a Vaccine R&D Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- a Vaccine R&D Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
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Recombinant Lipoproteins as Novel Vaccines with Intrinsic Adjuvant. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 99:55-74. [PMID: 26067816 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A core platform technology for high production of recombinant lipoproteins with built-in immunostimulator for novel subunit vaccine development has been established. This platform technology has the following advantages: (1) easily convert antigen into lipidated recombinant protein using a fusion sequence containing lipobox and express high level (50-150mg/L) in Escherichia coli; (2) a robust high-yield up- and downstream bioprocess for lipoprotein production is successfully developed to devoid endotoxin contamination; (3) the lipid moiety of recombinant lipoproteins, which is identical to that of bacterial lipoproteins is recognized as danger signals by the immune system (Toll-like receptor 2 agonist), so both innate and adaptive immune responses can be induced by lipoproteins; and (4) successfully demonstrate the feasibility and safety of this core platform technology in meningococcal group B subunit vaccine, dengue subunit vaccine, novel subunit vaccine against Clostridium difficile-associated diseases, and HPV-based immunotherapeutic vaccines in animal model studies.
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Lyday B, Chen T, Kesari S, Minev B. Overcoming tumor immune evasion with an unique arbovirus. J Transl Med 2015; 13:3. [PMID: 25592450 PMCID: PMC4307212 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-014-0349-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining dendritic cell vaccination with the adjuvant effect of a strain of dengue virus may be a way to overcome known tumor immune evasion mechanisms. Dengue is unique among viruses as primary infections carry lower mortality than the common cold, but secondary infections carry significant risk of hypovolemic shock. While current immuno-therapies rely on a single axis of attack, this approach combines physiological (hyperthermic reduction of tumor perfusion), immunological (activation of effector cells of the adaptive and innate immune system), and apoptosis-inducing pathways (sTRAIL) to destroy tumor cells. The premise of using multiple mechanisms of action in synergy with a decline in the ability of the tumor cells to employ resistance methods suggests the potential of this combination approach in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Santosh Kesari
- Department of Neurosciences, Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Moores UCSD Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Boris Minev
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Division of Neurosurgery, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, CA, 92109, USA.
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24
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Shen KY, Chang LS, Leng CH, Liu SJ. Self-adjuvanting lipoimmunogens for therapeutic HPV vaccine development: potential clinical impact. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 14:383-94. [PMID: 25455657 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.966696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The goal of therapeutic HPV vaccines is the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunity against HPV-associated cancers. Recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides have high safety profiles but low immunogenicity, which limits their efficacy when used in a vaccine. Self-adjuvanting lipid moieties have been conjugated to synthetic peptides or expressed as lipoproteins to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccine candidates. Mono-, di- and tri-palmitoylated peptides have been demonstrated to activate dendritic cells and induce robust cellular immunity against infectious diseases and cancer. Recently, a platform technology using the high-yield production of recombinant lipoproteins with Toll-like receptor 2 agonist activity was established for the development of novel subunit vaccines. This technology represents a novel strategy for the development of therapeutic HPV vaccines. In this review, we describe recent progress in the design of therapeutic HPV vaccines using lipoimmunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yin Shen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
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25
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Basto AP, Badenes M, Almeida SCP, Martins C, Duarte A, Santos DM, Leitão A. Immune response profile elicited by the model antigen ovalbumin expressed in fusion with the bacterial OprI lipoprotein. Mol Immunol 2014; 64:36-45. [PMID: 25467796 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of immunogenic formulations targeting pattern recognition receptors towards modulation of immune responses is a promising strategy to develop better vaccines against infectious and malignant diseases. Molecules targeting TLR2 offer interesting properties that are relevant for vaccine development, including the possibility to covalently attach the lipidic ligands to the antigens. However, the type of immune response elicited by these formulations is still controversial. In this work, we used the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) expressed in fusion with the bacterial lipoprotein OprI in order to characterize the immunomodulatory properties of this TLR ligand. Murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells stimulated with OprI-OVA fusion lipoprotein produced high levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 and also IL-10, IL-12(p70) and IL-27, while TGF-β and IL-23 were not detected. Using OT-II and OT-I mice, an enhancement of MHC class II and class I antigen presentation was observed for the OVA antigen in fusion with OprI. Mice immunized by intraperitoneal route with this fusion lipoprotein in prime-boost protocols developed strong specific antibody responses including IgG1, IgG2c, IgG2b, IgG3 and IgE. These results, together with data obtained by restimulation of splenocytes from the immunized mice, point to an immune response profile that does not correspond to a strict Th1 or Th2 polarization. Finally, in a challenge experiment using a melanoma syngeneic mouse model (B16-OVA), prophylactic inoculation with OprI fused with the unrelated antigen eGFP increased the tumor growth, while the fusion with the tumor-associated antigen OVA delayed the tumor growth and increased mice survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afonso P Basto
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, ULisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Marina Badenes
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, ULisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sílvia C P Almeida
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Martins
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, ULisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Duarte
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, ULisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dulce M Santos
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, CVZ, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; CIISA, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Leitão
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, CVZ, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; CIISA, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
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26
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Hsiao HB, Chou AH, Lin SI, Lien SP, Liu CC, Chong P, Chen CY, Tao MH, Liu SJ. Delivery of human EV71 receptors by adeno-associated virus increases EV71 infection-induced local inflammation in adult mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:878139. [PMID: 25243194 PMCID: PMC4163470 DOI: 10.1155/2014/878139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Enterovirus71 (EV71) is now recognized as an emerging neurotropic virus in Asia and one major causative agent of hand-foot-mouth diseases (HFMD). However potential animal models for vaccine development are limited to young mice. In this study, we used an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to introduce the human EV71 receptors P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (hPSGL1) or a scavenger receptor class-B member-2 (hSCARB2) into adult ICR mice to change their susceptibility to EV71 infection. Mice were administered AAV-hSCARB2 or AAV-hPSGL1 through intravenous and oral routes. After three weeks, expression of human SCARB2 and PSGL1 was detected in various organs. After infection with EV71, we found that the EV71 viral load in AAV-hSCARB2- or AAV-hPSGL1-transduced mice was higher than that of the control mice in both the brain and intestines. The presence of EV71 viral particles in tissues was confirmed using immunohistochemistry analysis. Moreover, inflammatory cytokines were induced in the brain and intestines of AAV-hSCARB2- or AAV-hPSGL1-transduced mice after EV71 infection but not in wild-type mice. However, neurological disease was not observed in these animals. Taken together, we successfully infected adult mice with live EV71 and induced local inflammation using an AAV delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Bo Hsiao
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Hsiang Chou
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Su-I Lin
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Pei Lien
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chyi Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Pele Chong
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yeh Chen
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Mi-Hua Tao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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27
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Targeting TLR2 for vaccine development. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:619410. [PMID: 25057505 PMCID: PMC4098989 DOI: 10.1155/2014/619410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel and more effective immunization strategies against many animal diseases may profit from the current knowledge on the modulation of specific immunity through stimulation of innate immune receptors. Toll-like receptor (TLR)2-targeting formulations, such as synthetic lipopeptides and antigens expressed in fusion with lipoproteins, have been shown to have built-in adjuvant properties and to be effective at inducing cellular and humoral immune mechanisms in different animal species. However, contradictory data has arisen concerning the profile of the immune response elicited. The benefits of targeting TLR2 for vaccine development are thus still debatable and more studies are needed to rationally explore its characteristics. Here, we resume the main features of TLR2 and TLR2-induced immune responses, focusing on what has been reported for veterinary animals.
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Chen Z, Liu Y, Sun B, Li H, Dong J, Zhang L, Wang L, Wang P, Zhao Y, Chen C. Polyhydroxylated metallofullerenols stimulate IL-1β secretion of macrophage through TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP₃ inflammasome activation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:2362-72. [PMID: 24619705 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201302825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxylated fullerenols especially gadolinium endohedral metallofullerenols (Gd@C82(OH)22) are shown as a promising agent for antitumor chemotherapeutics and good immunoregulatory effects with low toxicity. However, their underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. We found for the first time the persistent uptake and subcellular distribution of metallofullerenols in macrophages by taking advantages of synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) with high spatial resolution of 30 nm. Gd@C82(OH)22 can significantly activate primary mouse macrophages to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown shows that NLRP3 inflammasomes, but not NLRC4, participate in fullerenol-induced IL-1β production. Potassium efflux, activation of P2X7 receptor and intracellular reactive oxygen speciesare also important factors required for fullerenols-induced IL-1β release. Stronger NF-κB signal triggered by Gd@C82(OH)22 is in agreement with higher pro-IL-1β expression than C60(OH)22. Interestingly, TLR4/MyD88 pathway but not TLR2 mediates IL-1β secretion in Gd@C82(OH)22 exposure confirmed by macrophages from MyD88(-/-)/TLR4(-/-)/TLR2(-/-) knockout mice, which is different from C60(OH)22. Our work demonstrated that fullerenols can greatly activate macrophage and promote IL-1β production via both TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, while Gd@C82(OH)22 had stronger ability C60(OH)22 due to the different electron affinity on the surface of carbon cage induced by the encaged gadolinium ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
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29
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Shen KY, Song YC, Chen IH, Leng CH, Chen HW, Li HJ, Chong P, Liu SJ. Molecular mechanisms of TLR2-mediated antigen cross-presentation in dendritic cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:4233-41. [PMID: 24683188 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cross-presentation is a key function of dendritic cells (DCs), which present exogenous Ags on MHC class I molecules to prime CTL responses. The effects of TLR triggering on the cross-presentation of exogenous Ags by DCs remain unclear. In this study, we used synthetic dipalmitoylated peptides and TLR2 agonist-conjugated peptides as models to elucidate the mechanisms of TLR2-mediated cross-presentation. We observed that the internalization of dipalmitoylated peptides by bone marrow-derived DCs was facilitated by TLR2 via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The administration of these dipalmitoylated peptide-pulsed bone marrow-derived DCs eliminated established tumors through TLR2 signaling. We further demonstrated that the induction of Ag-specific CTL responses and tumor regression by dipalmitoylated peptides was TAP independent. In addition, presentation of dipalmitoylated peptides by MHC class I molecules was blocked in the presence of an endosomal acidification inhibitor (chloroquine) or a lysosomal degradation inhibitor (Z-FL-COCHO). The endocytosed dipalmitoylated peptide also passed rapidly from early endosome Ag-1-positive endosomes to RAS-related GTP-binding protein 7 (Rab7)-associated late endosomes compared with their nonlipidated counterparts. Furthermore, we found that dipalmitoylated peptide-upregulated Rab7 expression correlated with Ag presentation via the TLR2/MyD88 pathway. Both JNK and ERK signaling pathways are required for upregulation of Rab7. In summary, our data suggest that TLR2-mediated cross-presentation occurs through the upregulation of Rab7 and a TAP-independent pathway that prime CTL responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yin Shen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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Toll-like receptor 9 agonist enhances anti-tumor immunity and inhibits tumor-associated immunosuppressive cells numbers in a mouse cervical cancer model following recombinant lipoprotein therapy. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:60. [PMID: 24642245 PMCID: PMC4000133 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play a major role in eradicating cancer cells during immunotherapy, the cancer-associated immunosuppressive microenvironment often limits the success of such therapies. Therefore, the simultaneous induction of cancer-specific CTLs and reversal of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment may be more effectively achieved through a single therapeutic vaccine. A recombinant lipoprotein with intrinsic Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonist activity containing a mutant form of E7 (E7m) and a bacterial lipid moiety (rlipo-E7m) has been demonstrated to induce robust CTL responses against small tumors. This treatment in combination with other TLR agonists is able to eliminate large tumors. Methods Mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) were employed to determine the synergistic production of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon combination of rlipo-E7m and other TLR agonists. Antigen-specific CTL responses were investigated using immunospots or in vivo cytolytic assays after immunization in mice. Mice bearing various tumor sizes were used to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of the formulation. Specific subpopulations of immunosuppressive cells in the tumor infiltrate were quantitatively determined by flow cytometry. Results We demonstrate that a TLR9 agonist (unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, CpG ODN) enhances CTL responses and eradicates large tumors when combined with rlipo-E7m. Moreover, combined treatment with rlipo-E7m and CpG ODN effectively increases tumor infiltration by CTLs and reduces the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment. Conclusion These findings suggest that the dramatic anti-tumor effects of the recombinant lipoprotein together with CpG ODN may reflect the amplification of CTL responses and the repression of the immunosuppressive environment. This promising approach could be applied for the development of additional therapeutic cancer vaccines.
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A purified recombinant lipopeptide as adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:349783. [PMID: 24738054 PMCID: PMC3967807 DOI: 10.1155/2014/349783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic lipopeptides have been widely used as vaccine adjuvants to enhance immune responses. The present study demonstrated that the tryptic N-terminal fragment of the lipoprotein rlipo-D1E3 (lipo-Nter) induces superior antitumor effects compared to a synthetic lipopeptide. The lipo-Nter was purified and formulated with protein or peptide vaccines to determine if lipo-Nter could be used as a novel adjuvant and could induce antitumor immunity in a cervical cancer model. Purified lipo-Nter activated the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs), leading to the secretion of TNF-α through TLR2/6 but not TLR1/2. A recombinant mutant HPV16 E7 (rE7m) protein was mixed with lipo-Nter to immunize the mice; the anti-E7 antibody titers were increased, and the T helper cells were skewed toward the Th1 fate (increased IL-2 and decreased IL-5 secretion). Single-dose injection of rE7m and lipo-Nter inhibited tumor growth, but the injection of rE7m alone did not. Accordingly, lipo-Nter also enhanced the antitumor immunity of the E7-derived peptide but not the synthetic lipopeptide (Pam3CSK4). We demonstrated that the lipo-Nter of a bacterial-derived recombinant lipoprotein is a novel adjuvant that could be used for the development of a new generation of vaccines.
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Chiang CY, Hsieh CH, Chen MY, Tsai JP, Liu HH, Liu SJ, Chong P, Leng CH, Chen HW. Recombinant lipidated dengue-4 envelope protein domain III elicits protective immunity. Vaccine 2014; 32:1346-53. [PMID: 24486311 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The combination of recombinant protein antigens with an immunostimulator has the potential to greatly increase the immunogenicity of recombinant protein antigens. In the present study, we selected the dengue-4 envelope protein domain III as a dengue vaccine candidate and expressed the protein in lipidated form using an Escherichia coli-based system. The recombinant lipidated dengue-4 envelope protein domain III folded into the proper conformation and competed with the dengue-4 virus for cellular binding sites. Mice immunized with lipidated dengue-4 envelope protein domain III without exogenous adjuvant had higher frequencies of dengue-4 envelope protein domain III-specific B cells secreting antibodies than mice immunized with the nonlipidated form. Importantly, lipidated dengue-4 envelope protein domain III-immunized mice demonstrated a durable neutralizing antibody response and had reduced viremia levels after challenge. The study demonstrates that lipidated dengue-4 envelope protein domain III is immunogenic and may be a potential dengue vaccine candidate. Furthermore, the lipidation strategy can be applied to other serotypes of dengue virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Chiang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Hsiang Hsieh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mei-Yu Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jy-Ping Tsai
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsueh-Hung Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pele Chong
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Hsiang Leng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan 350, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
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33
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Chiang CY, Pan CH, Hsieh CH, Tsai JP, Chen MY, Liu HH, Liu SJ, Chong P, Leng CH, Chen HW. Lipidated dengue-2 envelope protein domain III independently stimulates long-lasting neutralizing antibodies and reduces the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013; 7:e2432. [PMID: 24069487 PMCID: PMC3777875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue virus is a mosquito-transmitted virus that can cause self-limiting dengue fever, severe life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. The existence of four serotypes of dengue virus has complicated the development of an effective and safe dengue vaccine. Recently, a clinical phase 2b trial of Sanofi Pasteur's CYD tetravalent dengue vaccine revealed that the vaccine did not confer full protection against dengue-2 virus. New approaches to dengue vaccine development are urgently needed. Our approach represents a promising method of dengue vaccine development and may even complement the deficiencies of the CYD tetravalent dengue vaccine. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Two important components of a vaccine, the immunogen and immunopotentiator, were combined into a single construct to generate a new generation of vaccines. We selected dengue-2 envelope protein domain III (D2ED III) as the immunogen and expressed this protein in lipidated form in Escherichia coli, yielding an immunogen with intrinsic immunopotentiation activity. The formulation containing lipidated D2ED III (LD2ED III) in the absence of exogenous adjuvant elicited higher D2ED III-specific antibody responses than those obtained from its nonlipidated counterpart, D2ED III, and dengue-2 virus. In addition, the avidity and neutralizing capacity of the antibodies induced by LD2ED III were higher than those elicited by D2ED III and dengue-2 virus. Importantly, we showed that after lipidation, the subunit candidate LD2ED III exhibited increased immunogenicity while reducing the potential risk of antibody-dependent enhancement of infection in mice. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our study suggests that the lipidated subunit vaccine approach could be applied to other serotypes of dengue virus and other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Chiang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Hsiung Pan
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hsiang Hsieh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jy-Ping Tsai
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mei-Yu Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsueh-Hung Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Pele Chong
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsiang Leng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (CHL); (HWC)
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (CHL); (HWC)
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Induction of robust immunity by the emulsification of recombinant lipidated dengue-1 envelope protein domain III. Microbes Infect 2013; 15:719-28. [PMID: 23774693 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many attempts have focused on the use of either immunomodulators or antigen delivery systems to obtain an efficacious vaccine. Here, we report a novel approach that combined an immunomodulator and delivery system to enhance antigen association and induce robust immunity. We expressed a recombinant lipidated dengue-1 envelope protein domain III (LD1ED III) and its non-lipidated form, D1ED III, in an Escherichia coli system. The LD1ED III contains a bacterial lipid moiety, which is a potent immunomodulator. We demonstrated that LD1ED III possesses an inherent immunostimulation ability that can activate RAW 264.7 macrophage cells by up-regulating their expression of CD40, CD80, CD83, CD86 and MHC II, whereas D1ED III could not induce the up-regulation of these molecules. Moreover, combining LD1ED III with a multiphase emulsion system (called PELC) increased the antigen association more than either combining D1ED III with PELC or the antigen alone. Enhanced antigen association has been shown to correlate with stronger T cell responses, greater antibody avidity and improved neutralizing capacity. Our results demonstrate that combining recombinant lipoproteins with PELC improved both the intensity and the quality of the immune response. This approach is a promising strategy for the development of subunit vaccines that induce robust immunity.
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35
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Chu CL, Yu YL, Kung YC, Liao PY, Liu KJ, Tseng YT, Lin YC, Hsieh SSY, Chong PCS, Yang CY. The immunomodulatory activity of meningococcal lipoprotein Ag473 depends on the conformation made up of the lipid and protein moieties. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40873. [PMID: 22844415 PMCID: PMC3402496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that the meningococcal antigen Ag473 in the presence of Freund’s adjuvant can elicit protective immune responses in mouse challenge model. In this study, we evaluated the structural requirement for the immunological activity and the possible signaling pathway of recombinant Ag473 antigen produced in E. coli. We found that lipidated Ag473 (L-Ag473) possesses an intrinsic adjuvant activity that could be attributed to its ability to activate dendritic cells and promote their maturation. In addition, we found that L-Ag473 can activate human monocytes and promote maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. These results provide an indirect support that L-Ag473 may also be immunogenic in human. Interestingly, the observed activity is dependent on the overall conformation of L-Ag473 because heating and proteinase K treatment can diminish and abolish the activity. Furthermore, our data suggest a species-differential TLR recognition of L-Ag473. Overall, these data suggest a new paradigm for the ligand-TLR interaction in addition to demonstrating the self-adjuvanting activity of the vaccine candidate L-Ag473.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Liang Chu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Yu
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Chen Kung
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Liao
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Jiunn Liu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tzu Tseng
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chuen Lin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Steve Shih-Yang Hsieh
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pele Choi-Sing Chong
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Ying Yang
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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36
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Recombinant lipidated HPV E7 induces a Th-1-biased immune response and protective immunity against cervical cancer in a mouse model. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40970. [PMID: 22815882 PMCID: PMC3399806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The E7 oncoprotein of human papillomavirus (HPV) is an ideal target for developing immunotherapeutic strategies against HPV-associated tumors. However, because protein-based immunogens alone are poor elicitors of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses, they have been difficult to exploit for therapeutic purposes. In this study, we report that a recombinant lipoprotein consisting of inactive E7 (E7m) biologically linked to a bacterial lipid moiety (rlipo-E7m) induces the maturation of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells through toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), skews the immune responses toward the Th1 responses and induces E7-specific CTL responses. We further studied the ability of rlipo-E7m to provide protection against a TC-1 tumor cell challenge in an animal model. Mice prophylactically immunized with two 10-µg doses of rlipo-E7m were found to be free of TC-1 tumor growth. Experiments in a therapeutic immunization model showed that the tumor volume in mice receiving a single dose of rlipo-E7m was less than 0.01 cm3 on day 40, whereas the tumor volume in mice treated with rE7m was 2.28±1.21 cm3. The tumor volume of the entire control group was over 3 cm3. In addition, we demonstrated that the CD8+ T cells play a major role in anti-tumor immunity when administration of rlipo-E7m. These results demonstrate that rlipo-E7m could be a promising candidate for treating HPV-associated tumors.
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37
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Chiang CY, Huang MH, Hsieh CH, Chen MY, Liu HH, Tsai JP, Li YS, Chang CY, Liu SJ, Chong P, Leng CH, Chen HW. Dengue-1 envelope protein domain III along with PELC and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides synergistically enhances immune responses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2012; 6:e1645. [PMID: 22616020 PMCID: PMC3352863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The major weaknesses of subunit vaccines are their low immunogenicity and poor efficacy. Adjuvants can help to overcome some of these inherent defects with subunit vaccines. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of the newly developed water-in-oil-in-water multiphase emulsion system, termed PELC, in potentiating the protective capacity of dengue-1 envelope protein domain III. Unlike aluminum phosphate, dengue-1 envelope protein domain III formulated with PELC plus CpG oligodeoxynucleotides induced neutralizing antibodies against dengue-1 virus and increased the splenocyte secretion of IFN-γ after in vitro re-stimulation. The induced antibodies contained both the IgG1 and IgG2a subclasses. A rapid anamnestic neutralizing antibody response against a live dengue virus challenge was elicited at week 26 after the first immunization. These results demonstrate that PELC plus CpG oligodeoxynucleotides broaden the dengue-1 envelope protein domain III-specific immune responses. PELC plus CpG oligodeoxynucleotides is a promising adjuvant for recombinant protein based vaccination against dengue virus. Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease. Infection of dengue virus can cause clinical manifestations ranging from self-limiting dengue fever to potentially life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. In recent years, dengue has spread to most tropical and subtropical areas, making it a global health concern. Specific approaches for dengue therapy do not exist; the development of a dengue vaccine would represent a major advance in the control of the disease. Currently, no licensed dengue vaccine is available. Subunit vaccines provide a great safety strategy for developing dengue vaccine. However, the major weaknesses of subunit vaccines are low immunogenicity and poor efficacy. Here we employed dengue-1 envelope protein domain III as a model vaccine candidate and described a newly developed water-in-oil-in water multiphase emulsion system to overcome the inherent defect of subunit vaccines. We showed that emulsification of dengue-1 envelope protein domain III and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides synergistically broadened immune responses and potentiated the protective capacity of dengue-1 envelope protein domain III. These results provide valuable information for development of recombinant protein based vaccination against dengue virus and future clinical studies.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Dengue Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Dengue Vaccines/genetics
- Dengue Vaccines/immunology
- Dengue Virus/immunology
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Oils/administration & dosage
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/administration & dosage
- Spleen/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Subunit/genetics
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Chiang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Huang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Hsieh
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yu Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Hung Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jy-Ping Tsai
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiuan Li
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yun Chang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pele Chong
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Leng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (C-HL); (H-WC)
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (C-HL); (H-WC)
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38
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Improvement of immunogenicity of meningococcal lipooligosaccharide by coformulation with lipidated transferrin-binding protein B in liposomes: implications for vaccine development. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2012; 19:711-22. [PMID: 22441387 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.05683-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Among various meningococcal antigens, lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and recombinant lipidated transferrin-binding protein B (rlip-TbpB) are considered to be putative vaccine candidates against group B Neisseria meningitidis. In the present work, we report the development of a new liposome-based vaccine formulation containing both rlip-TbpB and L8 LOS. The endotoxic activity of the liposomal LOS was evaluated in vitro using the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay and compared to the endotoxic activity of free LOS. Above a 250:1 lipid/LOS molar ratio, liposomes were shown to effectively detoxify the LOS as the endotoxic activity of the LOS was reduced by more than 99%. Immunogenicity studies in rabbits showed that the presence of rlip-TbpB dramatically increased the immunogenicity of the LOS. While the formulation raised a strong anti-TbpB response, it elicited a higher anti-LOS IgG level than the liposomal LOS alone. Sera from rabbits immunized with rlip-TbpB/liposomal LOS displayed increased ability to recognize LOS on live bacteria expressing the L8 immunotype and increased anti-LOS-specific bactericidal activity compared to sera from rabbits immunized with liposomal LOS alone. Measurement of interleukin-8 (IL-8) produced by HEK293 cells transfected with Toll-like receptor (TLR) after stimulation with rlip-TbpB showed that the protein is a TLR2 agonist, which is in accordance with the structure of its lipid. Furthermore, an in vivo study demonstrated that the lipid moiety is not only required for its adjuvant effect but also has to be linked to the protein. Overall, the rlip-TbpB/LOS liposomal formulation was demonstrated to induce an effective anti-LOS response due to the adjuvant effect of rlip-TbpB on LOS.
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39
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Chiang CY, Liu SJ, Tsai JP, Li YS, Chen MY, Liu HH, Chong P, Leng CH, Chen HW. A novel single-dose dengue subunit vaccine induces memory immune responses. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23319. [PMID: 21826249 PMCID: PMC3149651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To protect against dengue viral infection, a novel lipidated dengue subunit vaccine was rationally designed to contain the consensus amino acid sequences derived from four serotypes of dengue viruses. We found that the lipidated consensus dengue virus envelope protein domain III (LcED III) is capable of activating antigen-presenting cells and enhancing cellular and humoral immune responses. A single-dose of LcED III immunization in mice without extra adjuvant formulation is sufficient to elicit neutralizing antibodies against all four serotypes of dengue viruses. In addition, strong memory responses were elicited in mice immunized with a single-dose of LcED III. Quick, anamnestic neutralizing antibody responses to a live dengue virus challenge were elicited at week 28 post-immunization. These results demonstrate the promising possibility of a future successful tetravalent vaccine against dengue viral infections that utilizes one-dose vaccination with LcED III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Chiang
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jy-Ping Tsai
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiuan Li
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yu Chen
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Hung Liu
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pele Chong
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Leng
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (H-WC); (C-HL)
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (H-WC); (C-HL)
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40
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Next generation dengue vaccines: a review of candidates in preclinical development. Vaccine 2011; 29:7276-84. [PMID: 21781998 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dengue represents a major public health problem of growing global importance. In the absence of specific dengue therapeutics, strategies for disease control have increasingly focused on the development of dengue vaccines. While a licensed dengue vaccine is not yet available, several vaccine candidates are currently being evaluated in clinical trials and are described in detail in accompanying articles. In addition, there are a large variety of candidates in preclinical development, which are based on diverse technologies, ensuring a continued influx of innovation into the development pipeline. Potentially, some of the current preclinical candidates may become next generation dengue vaccines with superior product profiles. This review provides an overview of the various technological approaches to dengue vaccine development and specifically focuses on candidates in preclinical development.
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41
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Julander JG, Perry ST, Shresta S. Important advances in the field of anti-dengue virus research. Antivir Chem Chemother 2011; 21:105-16. [PMID: 21233532 DOI: 10.3851/imp1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are currently no licensed antivirals available for the treatment of dengue virus (DENV), which causes significant morbidity and mortality throughout tropical areas of the world and is now encroaching on the southern United States. Recent improvements in existing animal models and cell culture systems have been very important in elucidating the mechanisms of DENV pathogenesis in humans, including the identification of potential viral and host proteins that might be targeted for the treatment of DENV infection. The AG129 mouse model is a major advance in the development of antiviral and vaccine candidates for clinical use. It allows for testing of potential therapeutics in a relevant system that exhibits some aspects of disease that are similar to those observed in humans. This review focuses on recent developments in the AG129 mouse model and discusses compounds that have been found to be active in available cell and animal model systems within the past year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin G Julander
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.
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42
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Sung JWC, Hsieh SY, Lin CL, Leng CH, Liu SJ, Chou AH, Lai LW, Lin LH, Kwok Y, Yang CY, Chong P. Biochemical characterizations of Escherichia coli-expressed protective antigen Ag473 of Neisseria meningitides group B. Vaccine 2010; 28:8175-82. [PMID: 20937316 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 08/28/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharide-based vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) serogroups A, C, Y and W135 have been available since 1970, but similar vaccine candidates developed for Nm group B (NmB) have not been successful due to both poor immunogenicity and their potential immunological cross-reactivity with human neurological tissue. In previous reports, a protective antigen and vaccine candidate, Ag473, was identified using proteomics and NmB-specific bactericidal monoclonal antibody. To initiate human phase one clinical trials, antigen production and characterization, pre-clinical toxicology and animal studies are required. In the present study, we report the biochemical characterization of Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant Ag473 (rAg473). Using MALDI-TOF mass analysis, chromatographically purified rAg473 was found to have two major isoforms that have molecular masses of 11,306 and 11,544amu, respectively. The isoforms were separated using RP-HPLC and pooled into two fractions. Based on the chromatogram, the ratio of lipoproteins in fractions #1 and #2 was found to be 1-2. GC-MS analysis of lipoproteins was performed, and the acylated fatty acids were identified. The results indicated that the first lipoproteins in fraction #1 contained the lipids palmitic acid (C16:0), cyclopropaneoctanoic acid (C17:1) and, predominately, stearic acid (C18:0). A different lipid composition of cyclopropaneoctanoic acid (C17:1), oleic acid (C18:1) and, predominately, palmitic acid (C16:0) was found in the second lipoprotein fraction. Both lipoprotein isoforms were tested and found to have Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist activity in stimulating cytokine secretion from THP-1 cells. Circular dichroism (CD) analysis showed the secondary structure of rAg473 to be dominated by α-helices (48%), and the overall protein structure was stable up to 60°C and could refold after having been exposed to a temperature cycle from 20 to 90°C. In addition, the solubility of rAg473 (5mg/mL) was not affected after several freeze-thaw cycles. These biophysical and immunological properties make rAg473 a good vaccine candidate against NmB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Wang-Chou Sung
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
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