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Advances of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids for the Extraction of Phytochemicals from Plants. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10030151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we present the research from 2013 to 2022 about the character of ionic liquids, the categories of phytochemicals, and the reasons for selecting imidazolium ionic liquids for phytochemical extraction. Then we introduce the structural formulae of the imidazolium ionic liquids commonly used in the extraction of phytochemicals, the methods used to prepare imidazolium ionic liquids, and a comprehensive introduction of how imidazolium ionic liquids are applied to extract phytochemicals from plants. Importantly, we discuss the strategies for studying the extraction mechanisms of imidazolium ionic liquids to extract phytochemicals, and the recovery methods regarding imidazolium ionic liquids and their recyclability are analyzed. Then the toxicity in imidazolium ionic liquids is pointed out. Finally, the challenges and prospects of extracting phytochemicals by imidazolium ionic liquids are summarized, and they are expected to provide some references for researchers.
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Lim JR, Chua LS, Mustaffa AA. Ionic liquids as green solvent and their applications in bioactive compounds extraction from plants. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Separation of salidroside from the fermentation broth of engineered Escherichia coli using macroporous adsorbent resins. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Aissa I, Abdelkafi-Koubaa Z, Chouaïb K, Jalouli M, Assel A, Romdhane A, Harrath AH, Marrakchi N, Ben Jannet H. Glioblastoma-specific anticancer activity of newly synthetized 3,5-disubstituted isoxazole and 1,4-disubstituted triazole-linked tyrosol conjugates. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105071. [PMID: 34130108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two series of 3,5-disubstituted isoxazoles (6a-e) and 1,4-disubstituted triazoles (8a-e) derivatives have been synthesized from tyrosol (1), a natural phenolic compound, detected in several natural sources such as olive oil, and well-known by its wide spectrum of biological activities. Copper-catalyzed microwave-assisted 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions between tyrosol-alkyne derivative 2 and two series of aryl nitrile oxides (5a-e) and azides (7a-e) regiospecifically afforded 3,5-disubstituted isoxazoles (6a-e) and 1,4-triazole derivatives (8a-e), respectively in quantitative yields. Synthesized compounds were purified and characterized by spectroscopic means including 1D and 2D NMR techniques and HRMS analysis. The newly prepared hybrid molecules have been evaluated for their anticancer and hemolytic activities. Results showed that most derivatives displayed significant antiproliferative activity against human glioblastoma cancer cells (U87) in a dose-dependent manner. Compounds 6d (IC50 = 15.2 ± 1.0 μg/mL) and 8e (IC50 = 21.0 ± 0.9 μg/mL) exhibited more potent anticancer activity. Moreover, most derivatives displayed low hemolytic activity, even at higher concentrations which suggested that these classes of compounds are suitable candidates for further in vivo investigations. The obtained results allow us to consider the newly synthesized isoxazole- and triazole-linked tyrosol derivatives as promising scaffolds for the development of effective anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Aissa
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Science of Monastir, Laboratory of Heterocyclic, Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, TeamMedicinal Chemistry and Natural, Products (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Avenue of Environment, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zaineb Abdelkafi-Koubaa
- Pasteur Institute of Tunis, LR20IPT01, Laboratory of Biomolecules, Venoms and Theranostic Applications, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; University of Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Karim Chouaïb
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Science of Monastir, Laboratory of Heterocyclic, Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, TeamMedicinal Chemistry and Natural, Products (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Avenue of Environment, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maroua Jalouli
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amine Assel
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Science of Monastir, Laboratory of Heterocyclic, Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, TeamMedicinal Chemistry and Natural, Products (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Avenue of Environment, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Anis Romdhane
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Science of Monastir, Laboratory of Heterocyclic, Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, TeamMedicinal Chemistry and Natural, Products (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Avenue of Environment, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naziha Marrakchi
- Pasteur Institute of Tunis, LR20IPT01, Laboratory of Biomolecules, Venoms and Theranostic Applications, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; University of Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia; University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Ben Jannet
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Science of Monastir, Laboratory of Heterocyclic, Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, TeamMedicinal Chemistry and Natural, Products (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Avenue of Environment, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
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Taib LA, Keshavarz M, Parhami A. Solvent-free synthesis of 4-substituted coumarins catalyzed by novel brønsted acidic ionic liquids with perchlorate anion: a convenient and practical complementary method for pechmann condensation. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-021-01941-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Taib LA, Keshavarz M, Parhami A. Solvent‐free
synthesis of compounds containing chromene core catalyzed by novel Brønsted acidic ionic liquids
‐ClO
4. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Layla A. Taib
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Mosadegh Keshavarz
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Gas and Petroleum Yasouj University Gachsaran Iran
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Abstract
AbstractA rapid microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method was established to extract commercially important salidroside from dry plant materials of Rhodiola crenulata. Several parameters such as extraction time, solid/liquid ratio, extraction temperature and solvent concentration were investigated for efficient salidroside extraction. The estimated maximum salidroside extraction ratio based on parameter optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) reached 2.17% (w/w) in 20 min at optimum conditions of 90 °C, 60% aqueous ethanol and solid to liquid ratio of 2 g/100 mL, which was confirmed to the experimental data. Compared with ultrasonic assistant extraction method (UAE) and heat reflux extraction method (HRE), MAE was the most efficient and effective method in the extraction of salidroside from the dry plant materials. The mechanism on the extraction enhancement using MAE was elucidated further using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and light microscope.
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Sui X, Liu T, Liu J, Zhang J, Zhang H, Wang H, Yang Y. Ultrasonic-enhanced surface-active ionic liquid-based extraction and defoaming for the extraction of psoralen and isopsoralen from Psoralea corylifolia seeds. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 69:105263. [PMID: 32711373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, integrated and sustainable methods for extracting active substances from plant materials using green solvents, i.e., ionic liquids, have gained increasing attention. Ionic liquids showsuperiority over conventional organic solvents; however, they also exhibit negative factors and problems, such as high viscosity, poor water intermiscibility, intensive foaming and poor affinity for fat-soluble substances. The proposed method utilizes ultrasonic-enhanced surface-active ionic liquid-based extraction and defoaming (UESILED) to improve the extraction efficiency of ionic liquids. Single-factor experiments and a Box-Behnken design (BBD) were utilized to optimize the extraction procedure. The optimal conditions were as follows: extraction solvent, [C10MIM]Br; ultrasonic treatment time, 28 min; ultrasonic irradiation power, 437 W; liquid-solid ratio, 10 mL/g; particle size, 60 ~ 80 mesh; ultrasonication temperature, 313 K; and [C10MIM]Br solution concentration, 0.5 mol/L. In comparison with those of other reference extraction methods, the proposed method exhibited higher yields of two furocoumarins and operational feasibility. Moreover, the mechanism of UESILED was elaborated in terms of accelerating infiltration, dissolution and defoaming. The feasible and efficient ultrasonic-enhanced ionic liquid-based extraction established in this study strongly contributes to overcoming the limitations of ionic liquid solvents. The present research indicates that this improved process will be beneficial for the extraction of other fat-soluble substances and provides promising concepts and experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Sui
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, 161006 Qiqihar, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, 161006 Qiqihar, China.
| | - Jicheng Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, 161006 Qiqihar, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, 161006 Qiqihar, China
| | - Honglian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, 161006 Qiqihar, China
| | - Huiyu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, 161006 Qiqihar, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, 161006 Qiqihar, China
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Li J, Wang Z, Yao S, Song H. Aqueous solubilization and extraction of curcumin enhanced by imidazolium, quaternary ammonium, and tropine ionic liquids, and insight of ionic liquids-curcumin interaction. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Rezaei Motlagh S, Harun R, Radiah Awang Biak D, Hussain SA, A. Elgharbawy A, Khezri R, Wilfred CD. Prediction of Potential Ionic Liquids (ILs) for the Solid-Liquid Extraction of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) from Microalgae Using COSMO-RS Screening Model. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10081149. [PMID: 32781499 PMCID: PMC7464090 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study performs a screening of potential Ionic Liquids (ILs) for the extraction of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) compounds by the calculation of capacity values. For this purpose, a Conductor-Like Screening Model for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS) was employed to study the molecular structures of the ILs, and therefore, predict their extraction potential. The capacity values of 22 anions combined with 16 cations based ILs, were investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of ILs in the extraction of DHA. It was found that among the investigated ILs, a combination of tetramethyl ammonium with SO4 or Cl was the best fit for DHA extraction, followed by pyrrolidinium, imidazolium, pyridinium and piperidinium. Furthermore, it was observed that the extraction capacity and the selectivity of ILs decreased with an increase in alkyl chain length; therefore, ethyl chain-ILs, with the shortest chain lengths, were found to be most suitable for DHA extraction. The predicted results were validated through the experimentally calculated extraction yield of a DHA compound from Nannochloropsis sp. Microalgae. Five selected ILs, namely [EMIM][Cl], [BMIM][Cl], [TMAm][Cl], [EMPyr][Br] and [EMPyrro][Br], were selected from COSMO-RS for empirical extraction purposes, and the validation results pinpointed the good prediction capabilities of COSMO-RS. The findings in this study can simplify the process of selecting suitable ILs for DHA extraction and reduce the number of required empirical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Rezaei Motlagh
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.R.M.); (D.R.A.B.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Razif Harun
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.R.M.); (D.R.A.B.); (S.A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-89466289
| | - Dayang Radiah Awang Biak
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.R.M.); (D.R.A.B.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Siti Aslina Hussain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.R.M.); (D.R.A.B.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Amal A. Elgharbawy
- International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), International Islamic University Malaysia, Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia;
| | - Ramin Khezri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Cecilia Devi Wilfred
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610 UTP, Perak, Malaysia;
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11
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Zuo L, Ao X, Guo Y. Study on the synthesis of dual-chain ionic liquids and their application in the extraction of flavonoids. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1628:461446. [PMID: 32822985 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids, as tuneable, highly soluble, non-flammable, non-volatile and reusable extractants, have attracted extensive attention in the extraction of flavonoids from plants. In the present work, novel dual-chain imidazolium-derived ionic liquids were synthesized by a simple and efficient method and characterized (NMR spectroscopy, thermal stability, viscosity, conductivity, and polarity). Then, the imidazolium ionic liquids with different cation were used in the microwave-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Pinus massoniana Lamb. The results showed that the ionic liquid [Bmbim]Br, with a relatively low viscosity, conductivity and π* as well as a relatively large β, offered the best extraction efficiency and selectivity for flavonoids. Subsequently, the parameters of the extraction procedure for flavonoids were optimized as follows: extraction temperature of 80 °C, extraction time of 60 min, microwave power of 300 W, solid-liquid ratio of 1:20, and [Bmbim]Br solution concentration of 1.0 mol/L. The extraction yield of total flavonoids was 41.07 mg/g. Finally, a recovery method of the ionic liquid had been demonstrated, and the recovery rate of ionic liquid was 73.14%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zuo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xianquan Ao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yu Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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12
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Cheng Y, Yu S, Xue F. Comparison of the Extraction Efficiency of Isoflavone Compounds from Puerariae lobatae by Ionic Liquids with 11 Anions and 8 Imidazolium-Based Cations. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:8962-8971. [PMID: 32337460 PMCID: PMC7178765 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the field of natural product extraction with ionic liquids (ILs) is already a crowded one, the guiding rules regarding the selection of suitable ILs for extraction are still lacking. In this study, the extraction capacity of 32 ILs was investigated using Puerariae lobatae as a testing material, namely, 11 [BMIM]-based, 9 [CMIM]-based, 8 [C n MIM][Br] and 8 [C n MIM][BF4] ILs (n = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16) were studied. Three series of concentrations (0.02, 0.50, 2.00 M) were investigated, and the results demonstrated that the extraction capacity increased with the rising IL concentrations except for 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tosylate ([BMIM][Tos]). Generally, all the 0.50 and 2.00 M ILs led to the best extraction results. At low concentrations, the IL extraction capacity is strongly dependent on the anions and cations. However, the relationship between extraction capacity and anions or cations gradually becomes weak as increasing IL concentrations. Finally, the solution of ILs was prepared in aqueous or 60% methanol depending on the solubility. The pH can vary from strong acid to weak alkaline. Extraction capacity of 32 ILs varying in concentrations has a good negative correlation with the pH, except for five [BMIM]-ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Qilu University of Technology
(Shandong
Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis
and Test Center, 19 Keyuan
Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yu
- Qilu University of Technology
(Shandong
Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis
and Test Center, 19 Keyuan
Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, P. R. China
| | - Fumin Xue
- Qilu University of Technology
(Shandong
Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis
and Test Center, 19 Keyuan
Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, P. R. China
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13
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Shikov AN, Kosman VM, Flissyuk EV, Smekhova IE, Elameen A, Pozharitskaya ON. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Extraction of Phenyletanes and Phenylpropanoids of Rhodiola rosea L. Molecules 2020; 25:E1826. [PMID: 32316279 PMCID: PMC7221623 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The extraction of Rhodiola rosea rhizomes using natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) consisting of lactic acid, glucose, fructose, and water was investigated. A two-level Plackett-Burman design with five variables, followed by the steepest ascent method, was undertaken to determine the optimal extraction conditions. Among the five parameters tested, particle size, extraction modulus, and water content were found to have the highest impact on the extrability of phenyletanes and phenylpropanoids. The concentration of active compounds was analyzed by HPLC. The predicted results showed that the extraction yield of the total phenyletanes and phenylpropanoids (25.62 mg/g) could be obtained under the following conditions: extraction time of 154 min, extraction temperature of 22 °C, extraction modulus of 40, molar water content of 5:1:11 (L-lactic acid:fructose:water, mol/mol), and a particle size of rhizomes of 0.5-1 mm. These predicted values were further verified by validation experiments in predicted conditions. The experimental yields of salidroside, tyrosol, rosavin, rosin, cinnamyl alcohol and total markers (sum of phenyletanes and phenylpropanoids in mg/g) were 11.90 ± 0.02, 0.36 ± 0.02, 12.23 ± 0.21, 1.41 ± 0.01, 0.20 ± 0.01, and 26.10 ± 0.27 mg/g, respectively, which corresponded well with the predicted values from the models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Shikov
- St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov, 14, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (E.V.F.); (I.E.S.)
| | - Vera M. Kosman
- St. Petersburg Institute of Pharmacy, Leningrad Region, Vsevolozhsky District, Kuzmolovo P 245, 188663 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Elena V. Flissyuk
- St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov, 14, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (E.V.F.); (I.E.S.)
| | - Irina E. Smekhova
- St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov, 14, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (E.V.F.); (I.E.S.)
| | | | - Olga N. Pozharitskaya
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MMBI KSC RAS), Vladimirskaya, 17, 183010 Murmansk, Russia;
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Rezaei Motlagh S, Harun R, Awang Biak DR, Hussain SA, Omar R, Elgharbawy AA. COSMO-RS Based Prediction for Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA) Extraction from Microalgae Biomass Using Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs). Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E108. [PMID: 32059424 PMCID: PMC7074282 DOI: 10.3390/md18020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the essential fatty acids with therapeutic impacts on human health is known to be omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). More lately, ionic liquids (ILs) have received significant attention among scientists in overcoming the disadvantages of traditional solvents in biomass lipid extraction. However, the large pool of cations and anions possibly accessible will lead to a growing number of innovatively synthesized ILs. Nevertheless, the exhaustive measurement of all these systems is economically impractical. The conductive screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) is considered a precious approach with the availability of a few models to predict the characteristics of ILs. This work introduces the estimate of capacity values at infinite dilution for a range of ILs using COSMO-RS software as part of solid-liquid extraction. This favorable outcome presented that the capacity values of the IL molecules are extremely dependent on both anions and cations. Among the 352 combinations of cation/anion tested, short alkyl chain cations coupled with inorganic anions were found to be most efficient and therefore superior in the extraction method. Sulphate-, chloride-, and bromide-based ILs were found to have higher extraction capacities in contrast with the remainders, while propanoate revealed an extraordinary capacity when combined with ethyl-based cations. Eventually, the predicted results from COSMO-RS were validated through the experimentally calculated extraction yield of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) compound from Nannochloropsis sp. microalgae. Three selected ILs namely [EMIM][Cl], [TMAm][Cl], and [EMPyrro][Br] were selected from COSMO-RS for empirical extraction purpose and the validation results pinpointed the good prediction capability of COSMO-RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Rezaei Motlagh
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.R.M.); (D.R.A.B.); (S.A.H.); (R.O.)
| | - Razif Harun
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.R.M.); (D.R.A.B.); (S.A.H.); (R.O.)
| | - Dayang Radiah Awang Biak
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.R.M.); (D.R.A.B.); (S.A.H.); (R.O.)
| | - Siti Aslina Hussain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.R.M.); (D.R.A.B.); (S.A.H.); (R.O.)
| | - Rozita Omar
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.R.M.); (D.R.A.B.); (S.A.H.); (R.O.)
| | - Amal A. Elgharbawy
- International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), International Islamic University Malaysia, Gombak, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
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15
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Xie H, Shen CY, Jiang JG. The sources of salidroside and its targeting for multiple chronic diseases. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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16
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Benzothiazolium ionic liquid-induced crystallization of active alkaloid in its alcoholic solutions. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Ionic Liquid-Microwave-Based Extraction of Biflavonoids from Selaginella sinensis. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132507. [PMID: 31324010 PMCID: PMC6651632 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Selaginella sinensis (Desv.) Spring has been used for many years as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for many years. Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted great attentions in extraction and separation technology of TCM as a new green solvent. In this paper, microwave assisted extraction-IL (MAE-IL) that extracted amentoflavone (AME) and hinokiflavone (HIN) from Selaginella sinensis was reported for the first time. The contents of two biflavonoids were simultaneously determined by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. After different ionic liquids were compared, it was found [C6mim]BF4 had a high selectivity and efficiency. Moreover, the important extraction conditions, including solid-liquid ratio, IL concentration, extraction time, microwave power and radiation temperature, were also investigated and optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) using AME and HIN yields as index. The results showed that the extraction yields of AME and HIN from S. sinensis were 1.96 mg/g and 0.79 mg/g, respectively, under the optimal process parameters (0.55 mmol/L, 300 W, 40 min, 1:11 g/mL and 48 °C). Compared with the conventional extraction methods, MAE-IL could not only achieve higher yield in shorter time, but also could reduce the consumption of solvent. This effective, rapid and green MAE-IL method was suitable for the extraction of AME and HIN.
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