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Ilderbayeva G, Rakhyzhanova S, Utegenova A, Salkhozhayeva G, Ilderbayev O. Combined Effect of Gamma Radiation and Heavy Metals on Some Living Organisms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04272-8. [PMID: 38907828 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to systematise scientific publications on the combined effect of gamma radiation and heavy metals on living organisms. For this purpose, the method of analysis was applied, by means of which scientific papers in PubMed, Google Scholar, and other related databases were analysed for compliance with the inclusion criteria, where the objects of research were toxic effects of radiation and heavy metals on cells and adaptation processes. The results revealed that the study of the problem was carried out on organisms such as microalgae, fungi, weed and agricultural plants, fish, laboratory rats, and human cell cultures. In most studies, an antagonistic effect between low doses of gamma radiation and heavy metal salts was reported, which was manifested by a reduction in the cytotoxicity of isolated exposure to each agent separately. However, there are studies showing additive effects, especially in heavy metals. At the molecular level, heavy metal accumulation in combination with low doses of radiation (typically defined as less than 0.1 Gy or sievert) induces the expression of metallothionein proteins, which can bind free radicals. At the metabolic level, this is manifested by a decrease in lipid peroxidation products, activation of antioxidant enzymes, and a decrease in apoptosis. The study proved both a direct relationship between zinc and cadmium accumulation in cells and inhibition of caspases and an indirect one, by maintaining mitochondrial membrane integrity through metallothionein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzhan Ilderbayeva
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Saule Rakhyzhanova
- Department of Physiological Disciplines named after Honored Scientist of the Republic of Kazakhstan T.A. Nazarova, Semey Medical University, Semey, 071400, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Utegenova
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Astana Medical University, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Gaukhar Salkhozhayeva
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Oralbek Ilderbayev
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Ostrovskaya SS, Krizhanovsky DG, Trushenko OS, Shevchenko IF, Gerasimchuk PG, Konovalova OS. INFLUENCE OF IONIZING RADIATION AND HEAVY METALS ON ORGANISMS WITH THE IMPACT OF MODELING EFFECTS AND RADIATION HORMESIS. BULLETIN OF PROBLEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.29254/2077-4214-2022-4-167-84-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Ostrovskaya
- Dnipro Medical Institute of Traditional and Non-Traditional Medicine
| | | | - O. S. Trushenko
- Dnipro Medical Institute of Traditional and Non-Traditional Medicine
| | - I. F. Shevchenko
- Dnipro Medical Institute of Traditional and Non-Traditional Medicine
| | - P. G. Gerasimchuk
- Dnipro Medical Institute of Traditional and Non-Traditional Medicine
| | - O. S. Konovalova
- Dnipro Medical Institute of Traditional and Non-Traditional Medicine
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da F Iwahara LK, de Oliveira MS, de Alencar MAV. Evaluation of the effect of three constituent metals of monazita on the radiosensibility of human osteoblasts. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2019; 208-209:106011. [PMID: 31288125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thorium has gained notoriety in recent years, as a potential source of nuclear energy, substituting uranium in power plants. Monazite is an important source of thorium, as well of uranium and rare earths elements. Workers involved in the extraction and manipulation of this mineral are occupationally exposed to a range of metal mixtures containing thorium and to ionizing radiation. As an osteotropic substance, thorium is mostly deposited in bone tissue and may interfere in cellular radiosensitivity. A human osteoblast cell line was used to evaluate the effects of thorium (Th), cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La) on cell radiosensivity, using proliferation as indicator. Assays were performed using cell cultures exposed to metals alone and metals combined with ionizing radiation. No stimulus of proliferation was observed when samples were exposed to metals or radiation alone. On the other hand, the metals were able to influence cell radiosensivity, in a concentration-dependent manner when metals and radiation were applied simultaneously. Samples irradiated and exposed to metals combinations revealed an interaction between them in all the tested arrangements (Th-Ce, Th-La, Th-Ce-La). All interactions proved to be of the antagonist type relative to the proliferation indicator, with a higher degree seen for the Th-Ce association. Such results showed the possibility that metal mixtures together with radiation may produce combined effects on osteoblasts, through modifications on the degree of radiosensivity. The results indicate the possibility of an enhancement in occupational risk for workers that manipulate monazite byproducts. Thus, the development of risk assessment models that include the evaluation of mixtures and their cytotoxic and radiotoxic effects on tissues and organs must be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas K da F Iwahara
- Dosimetry Division, Radiation Protection and Dosimetry Institute, Av. Salvador Allende, s/no. Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22783-127l, Brazil.
| | - Monica S de Oliveira
- Dosimetry Division, Radiation Protection and Dosimetry Institute, Av. Salvador Allende, s/no. Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22783-127l, Brazil
| | - Marcus A V de Alencar
- Dosimetry Division, Radiation Protection and Dosimetry Institute, Av. Salvador Allende, s/no. Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22783-127l, Brazil
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Arsenic trioxide blocked proliferation and cardiomyocyte differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells: Implication in cardiac developmental toxicity. Toxicol Lett 2019; 309:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ng CYP, Pereira S, Cheng SH, Adam-Guillermin C, Garnier-Laplace J, Yu KN. Combined effects of alpha particles and depleted uranium on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2016; 57:343-55. [PMID: 26937024 PMCID: PMC4973638 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrv104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects of low-dose or high-dose alpha particles and depleted uranium (DU) in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were studied. Three schemes were examined-(i) [ILUL]: 0.44 mGy alpha-particle dose + 10 µg/l DU exposure, (ii) [IHUH]: 4.4 mGy alpha-particle dose + 100 µg/l DU exposure and (iii) [IHUL]: 4.4 mGy alpha-particle dose + 10 µg/l DU exposure-in which Zebrafish embryos were irradiated with alpha particles at 5 h post fertilization (hpf) and/or exposed to uranium at 5-6 hpf. The results were also compared with our previous work, which studied the effects of [ILUH]: 0.44 mGy alpha-particle dose + 100 µg/l DU exposure. When the Zebrafish embryos developed to 24 hpf, the apoptotic signals in the entire embryos, used as the biological endpoint for this study, were quantified. Our results showed that [ILUL] and [IHUL] led to antagonistic effects, whereas [IHUH] led to an additive effect. The effect found for the previously studied case of [ILUH] was difficult to define because it was synergistic with reference to the 100 µg/l DU exposure, but it was antagonistic with reference to the 0.44 mGy alpha-particle dose. All the findings regarding the four different schemes showed that the combined effects critically depended on the dose response to each individual stressor. We also qualitatively explained these findings in terms of promotion of early death of cells predisposed to spontaneous transformation by alpha particles, interacting with the delay in cell death resulting from various concentrations of DU exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candy Y P Ng
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sandrine Pereira
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, St Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Shuk Han Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Christelle Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, St Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Jacqueline Garnier-Laplace
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS, Cadarache, St Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Kwan Ngok Yu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Venkatesan S, Natarajan AT, Hande MP. Chromosomal instability--mechanisms and consequences. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2015; 793:176-84. [PMID: 26520388 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal instability is defined as a state of numerical and/or structural chromosomal anomalies in cells. Numerous studies have documented the incidence of chromosomal instability, which acutely or chronically may lead to accelerated ageing (tissue-wide or even organismal), cancer or other genetic disorders. Potential mechanisms leading to the generation of chromosome-genome instability include erroneous/inefficient DNA repair, chromosome segregation defects, spindle assembly defects, DNA replication stress, telomere shortening/dysfunction - to name a few. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms for chromosomal instability in various human cells and tissues will be useful in elucidating the cause for many age associated diseases including cancer. This approach holds a great promise for the cytogenetic assays not only for prognosis but also for diagnostic purposes in clinical settings. In this review, a multi-dimensional approach has been attempted to portray the complexity behind the incidence of chromosome-genome instability including evolutionary implications at the species level for some of the mechanisms of chromosomal instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriram Venkatesan
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597
| | - Adayapalam T Natarajan
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo 01100, Italy
| | - M Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597; Tembusu College, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 138597.
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Smith RW, Saroya R, Seymour CB, Moccia RD, Mothersill CE. Exposure to acute levels of waterborne aluminium modifies the legacy of early life stage irradiation, including the communication of radiation-induced bystander signals, in adult rainbow trout. Int J Radiat Biol 2015; 91:878-90. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2015.1087065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard W. Smith
- Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rohin Saroya
- Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin B. Seymour
- Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard D. Moccia
- Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carmel E. Mothersill
- Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Nuta O, Moquet J, Bouffler S, Lloyd D, Sepai O, Rothkamm K. Impact of long-term exposure to sodium arsenite on cytogenetic radiation damage. Mutagenesis 2014; 29:123-9. [PMID: 24452505 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/get070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the impact of long-term exposure to low concentrations of sodium arsenite on the cellular response to ionising radiation. Human lymphoblastoid GM1899a cells were cultured in the presence of sodium arsenite for up to six months. Following chemical exposure, acute challenge doses of X-rays were given and chromosome damage (dicentrics, acentric fragments, translocations, micronuclei) as well as cell growth and changes in cell cycle kinetics were determined. Initial short-term chemical exposures determined 8 ng/ml (60 nM) sodium arsenite as a suitable concentration for chronic exposures, which is below the current World Health Organization limit for arsenic in drinking water. At this concentration, cell growth was slightly, but consistently, slower than in untreated cultures throughout the six-month exposure period. Long-term exposure to the chemical induced no dicentrics and did not significantly alter the yield of dicentrics induced by 1 Gy acute X-irradiation. Similar results were obtained for chromosome translocations. In contrast, exposure to 8 ng/ml sodium arsenite induced significant levels of acentric fragments and micronuclei. Fragment/micronuclei data in combined treatment samples compared with single treatments were consistent with an additive effect of chemical and radiation exposure. As for X-rays, micronuclei induced by sodium arsenite tended to show no centromere in situ hybridisation signal, indicating that they represent structural aberrations rather than mis-segregated chromosomes. Similar results were obtained in human peripheral lymphocytes following short-term exposure to sodium arsenite or X-rays. Overall, an additive effect was observed for all combined exposures. Cellular radiation responses therefore seem to operate without any modulatory effects from chronic low level exposure to sodium arsenite in the systems analysed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otilia Nuta
- Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0RQ, UK
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Regulatory Effects of Arsenic on Cellular Signaling Pathways: Biological Effects and Therapeutic Implications. NUCLEAR SIGNALING PATHWAYS AND TARGETING TRANSCRIPTION IN CANCER 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8039-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Luzhna L, Kathiria P, Kovalchuk O. Micronuclei in genotoxicity assessment: from genetics to epigenetics and beyond. Front Genet 2013; 4:131. [PMID: 23874352 PMCID: PMC3708156 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronuclei (MN) are extra-nuclear bodies that contain damaged chromosome fragments and/or whole chromosomes that were not incorporated into the nucleus after cell division. MN can be induced by defects in the cell repair machinery and accumulation of DNA damages and chromosomal aberrations. A variety of genotoxic agents may induce MN formation leading to cell death, genomic instability, or cancer development. In this review, the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of MN formation after various clastogenic and aneugenic effects on cell division and cell cycle are described. The knowledge accumulated in literature on cytotoxicity of various genotoxins is precisely reflected and individual sensitivity to MN formation due to single gene polymorphisms is discussed. The importance of rapid MN scoring with respect to the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay is also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiya Luzhna
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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Choi VWY, Ng CYP, Kong MKY, Cheng SH, Yu KN. Adaptive response to ionising radiation induced by cadmium in zebrafish embryos. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2013; 33:101-112. [PMID: 23296313 DOI: 10.1088/0952-4746/33/1/101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An adaptive response is a biological response where the exposure of cells or animals to a low priming exposure induces mechanisms that protect the cells or animals against the detrimental effects of a subsequent larger challenging exposure. In realistic environmental situations, living organisms can be exposed to a mixture of stressors, and the resultant effects due to such exposures are referred to as multiple stressor effects. In the present work we demonstrated, via quantification of apoptosis in the embryos, that embryos of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) subjected to a priming exposure provided by one environmental stressor (cadmium in micromolar concentrations) could undergo an adaptive response against a subsequent challenging exposure provided by another environmental stressor (alpha particles). We concluded that zebrafish embryos treated with 1 to 10 μM Cd at 5 h postfertilisation (hpf) for both 1 and 5 h could undergo an adaptive response against subsequent ~4.4 mGy alpha-particle irradiation at 10 hpf, which could be interpreted as an antagonistic multiple stressor effect between Cd and ionising radiation. The zebrafish has become a popular vertebrate model for studying the in vivo response to ionising radiation. As such, our results suggested that multiple stressor effects should be carefully considered for human radiation risk assessment since the risk may be perturbed by another environmental stressor such as a heavy metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- V W Y Choi
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Garoui EM, Troudi A, Fetoui H, Soudani N, Boudawara T, Zeghal N. Propolis attenuates cobalt induced-nephrotoxicity in adult rats and their progeny. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:837-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yu KN, Tung MMT, Choi VWY, Cheng SH. Alpha radiation exposure decreases apoptotic cells in zebrafish embryos subsequently exposed to the chemical stressor, Cd. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 19:3831-3839. [PMID: 22714403 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to demonstrate that zebrafish embryos subjected to a priming exposure provided by one environmental stressor (low-dose alpha particles) can induce an adaptive response against a subsequent challenging exposure provided by another environmental stressor (heavy metal Cd). The effect thus identified would be an antagonistic multiple stressor effect. The effects of alpha particle radiation and/or Cd on whole embryos were studied through quantification of apoptotic signals at 24 h post-fertilization (hpf). Embryos were stained with the vital dye acridine orange, followed by counting the stained cells. For each set of experiments, 30 dechorionated embryos were divided into three groups, each having ten embryos. The three groups of embryos were referred to as (A) the control group, which received no more further treatments after dechorionation, (B) Cd-treated group, which did not receive any priming exposure and would receive a challenging exposure at 10 hpf and (C) (alpha + Cd)-treated group, which would receive both priming and challenging exposures. We defined the normalized net number of apoptotic signals in the (alpha + Cd)-treated group as N (C) * = [(apoptotic signals for (alpha + Cd)-treated group - average apoptotic signals for the corresponding control group)/average apoptotic signals for the corresponding control group] and that in the Cd-treated group as N (B)* = [(apoptotic signals for Cd-treated group - average apoptotic signals for the corresponding control group)/ average apoptotic signals for the corresponding control group]. By using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U statistic, we were able to show that N (C) * was significantly smaller than N (B) *(p = 0.006). These demonstrated an antagonistic multiple stressor effect between ionizing radiation and Cd through the induction of an adaptive response by the ionizing radiation against subsequent exposures to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Yu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Qiu J, Zhu G, Chen X, Shao C, Gu S. Combined effects of γ-irradiation and cadmium exposures on osteoblasts in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 33:149-157. [PMID: 22209727 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2011.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects of γ-irradiation and cadmium (Cd) exposures on osteoblasts were observed in the present study. Osteoblasts were exposed to γ-irradiation (0.5 Gy) and Cd (0-0.5 μmol/L). Cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization ability, cell apoptosis and genes expression of ALP, osteocalcin (OC) and caspase 3 were observed. Low concentrations of Cd exposure had no obvious influence on cell viability, ALP activity and apoptosis. However, low levels of Cd exposure combined with γ-irradiation induced more toxic effects on osteoblasts than those treated with Cd or irradiation alone. High concentrations of Cd combined with irradiation exposure induced more significant inhibition in cell viability, ALP activity and mineralization ability than those exposed to Cd or irradiation alone. Meanwhile, OC and ALP mRNA expression of cells treated with Cd combined with irradiation were down-regulated more significantly than those treated with Cd or irradiation alone. Cd combined with γ-irradiation could obviously enhance osteoblast apoptosis and up-regulated caspase 3 mRNA expression compared with those treated with Cd or irradiation alone. This study indicated that ionizing irradiation can enhance Cd toxic effects on osteoblast viability and differentiation and apoptosis may play an important role in this progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qiu
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology and Bone Toxicology, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, China
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Bao Y, Chen H, Hu Y, Bai Y, Zhou M, Xu A, Shao C. Combination effects of chronic cadmium exposure and gamma-irradiation on the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow cells in rats. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2012; 743:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Osipov AN, Ryabchenko NI, Ivannik BP, Ryabchenko VI. DNA damage in thymocytes of mice after exposure of the whole body to combined action of cadmium ions and γ radiation. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350911050150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Ventura-Lima J, Ramos PB, Fattorini D, Regoli F, Ferraz L, de Carvalho LM, Monserrat JM. Accumulation, biotransformation, and biochemical responses after exposure to arsenite and arsenate in the estuarine polychaete Laeonereis acuta (Nereididae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2011; 18:1270-1278. [PMID: 21384143 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-011-0478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to analyze antioxidant responses and oxidative damage induced by two inorganic forms of arsenic (As; As(III) and As(V)) in an estuarine polychaete species, Laeonereis acuta (Nereididae). The capacity of arsenic biotransformation was also evaluated through the methylation process considering the activity of a key enzyme involved in the metabolization process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Worms were exposed to 50 μg (As(III) or As(V))/l during 2 or 7 days, plus a control group. Endpoints analyzed included concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase (GR), total glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and omega isoform (GST Ω), glucose-6-phosphate deshydrogenase (G6PDH), levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxides concentration (TBARS). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results showed: (1) GR inhibition after 2-day exposure to both As forms (p < 0.05); (2) GST Ω inhibition after 7-day exposure to As(III) paralleled by an increase in total GST activity (p < 0.05); (3) augmented G6PDH activity after 7-day exposure to both As forms (p < 0.05); (4) no differences in terms of ROS and TBARS; and (5) inhibition of GST Ω activity in As(III) exposed worms, which was concomitant with a lowering of mono- and dymethylated arsenic species. CONCLUSION These results confirm the reactivity of some biochemical variables of L. acuta to As and indicates its importance as a sentinel species in estuarine regions with presence of arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Ventura-Lima
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Cx. P. 474, CEP 96.201-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
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Benton MA, Rager JE, Smeester L, Fry RC. Comparative genomic analyses identify common molecular pathways modulated upon exposure to low doses of arsenic and cadmium. BMC Genomics 2011; 12:173. [PMID: 21457566 PMCID: PMC3082247 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to the toxic metals arsenic and cadmium is associated with detrimental health effects including cancers of various organs. While arsenic and cadmium are well known to cause adverse health effects at high doses, the molecular impact resulting from exposure to environmentally relevant doses of these metals remains largely unexplored. RESULTS In this study, we examined the effects of in vitro exposure to either arsenic or cadmium in human TK6 lymphoblastoid cells using genomics and systems level pathway mapping approaches. A total of 167 genes with differential expression were identified following exposure to either metal with surprisingly no overlap between the two. Real-time PCR was used to confirm target gene expression changes. The gene sets were overlaid onto protein-protein interaction maps to identify metal-induced transcriptional networks. Interestingly, both metal-induced networks were significantly enriched for proteins involved in common biological processes such as tumorigenesis, inflammation, and cell signaling. These findings were further supported by gene set enrichment analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to compare the transcriptional responses induced by low dose exposure to cadmium and arsenic in human lymphoblastoid cells. These results highlight that even at low levels of exposure both metals can dramatically influence the expression of important cellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Ann Benton
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Julia E Rager
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lisa Smeester
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Olsvik PA, Heier LS, Rosseland BO, Teien HC, Salbu B. Effects of combined gamma-irradiation and metal (Al+Cd) exposures in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2010; 101:230-236. [PMID: 19969403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Revised: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
These experiments were designed to investigate transcriptional effects in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after exposure in vivo to ionizing gamma radiation combined with subtoxic levels of aluminum (Al) and cadmium (Cd). Juvenile fish (35 g) in freshwater with or without Al and Cd (255 microg Al/L + 6 microg Cd/L) were exposed to a 75 mGy dose of gamma-irradiation, and induced responses were compared to those of controls. The transcriptional levels of eight genes encoding proteins known to respond to stress in fish were quantified in liver of fish exposed for 5 h to gamma radiation, to Al and Cd or to the combination of Al, Cd and gamma radiation. The studied genes were caspase 3B, caspase 6A, caspase 7, p53 (apoptosis), glutathione reductase (GR), phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), (oxidative stress), metallothionein (MT-A) (metal stress) and ubiquitin (Ubi) (protein degradation). The results showed that gamma-irradiation alone induced significant upregulation of caspase 6A, GR, GSH-Px, MT-A and Ubi compared to the control group, while 5 h exposure to Al+Cd alone did not induce any of the studied genes compared to the control. No significant upregulation of the series of investigated genes could be observed in fish exposed to gamma-irradiation in combination with Al+Cl. In conclusion, the results suggest that the presence of Al+Cd in the water counteracted the gamma-irradiation effect by modifying the transcription of genes encoding proteins involved in the defense mechanisms against free radicals in the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Olsvik
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
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20
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Cobalt toxicity: Chemical and radiological combined effects on HaCaT keratinocyte cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2010; 24:92-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2009] [Revised: 08/27/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Ho SY, Chen WC, Chiu HW, Lai CS, Guo HR, Wang YJ. Combination treatment with arsenic trioxide and irradiation enhances apoptotic effects in U937 cells through increased mitotic arrest and ROS generation. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 179:304-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 12/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Pan Y, Yuan D, Zhang J, Xu P, Chen H, Shao C. Cadmium-Induced Adaptive Response in Cells of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Lines with Varying DNA Repair Capacity. Radiat Res 2009; 171:446-53. [DOI: 10.1667/rr1491.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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23
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Olsen CE, Liguori AE, Zong Y, Lantz RC, Burgess JL, Boitano S. Arsenic upregulates MMP-9 and inhibits wound repair in human airway epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2008; 295:L293-302. [PMID: 18539681 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00134.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of the innate immune defense, the polarized conducting lung epithelium acts as a barrier to keep particulates carried in respiration from underlying tissue. Arsenic is a metalloid toxicant that can affect the lung via inhalation or ingestion. We have recently shown that chronic exposure of mice or humans to arsenic (10-50 ppb) in drinking water alters bronchiolar lavage or sputum proteins consistent with reduced epithelial cell migration and wound repair in the airway. In this report, we used an in vitro model to examine effects of acute exposure of arsenic (15-290 ppb) on conducting airway lung epithelium. We found that arsenic at concentrations as low as 30 ppb inhibits reformation of the epithelial monolayer following scrape wounds of monolayer cultures. In an effort to understand functional contributions to epithelial wound repair altered by arsenic, we showed that acute arsenic exposure increases activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, an important protease in lung function. Furthermore, inhibition of MMP-9 in arsenic-treated cells improved wound repair. We propose that arsenic in the airway can alter the airway epithelial barrier by restricting proper wound repair in part through the upregulation of MMP-9 by lung epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin E Olsen
- Arizona Respiratory Center, Arizona Health Sciences Center, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724-5030, USA
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24
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Rana SVS. Metals and apoptosis: recent developments. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2008; 22:262-84. [PMID: 19013355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2007] [Revised: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 07/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death is a highly regulated and crucial process found in all multicellular organisms. It is not only implicated in regulatory mechanisms of cells, but has been attributed to a number of diseases, i.e. inflammation, malignancy, autoimmunity and neurodegeneration. A variety of toxins can induce apoptosis. Carcinogenic transition metals, viz. cadmium, chromium and nickel promote apoptosis along with DNA base modifications, strand breaks and rearrangements. Generation of reactive oxygen species, accumulation of Ca(2+), upregulation of caspase-3, down regulation of bcl-2, and deficiency of p-53 lead to arsenic-induced apoptosis. In the case of cadmium, metallothionein expression determines the choice between apoptosis and necrosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and p53 contribute in apoptosis caused by chromium. Immuno suppressive mechanisms contribute in lead-induced apoptosis whereas in the case of mercury, p38 mediated caspase activation regulate apoptosis. Nickel kills the cells by apoptotic pathways. Copper induces apoptosis by p53 dependent and independent pathways. Beryllium stimulates the formation of ROS that play a role in Be-induced macrophage apoptosis. Selenium induces apoptosis by producing superoxide that activates p53. Thus, disorders of apoptosis may play a critical role in some of the most debilitating metal-induced afflictions including hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, neurotoxicity, autoimmunity and carcinogenesis. An understanding of metal-induced apoptosis will be helpful in the development of preventive molecular strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Vir Singh Rana
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India.
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Grygoryev D, Moskalenko O, Zimbrick JD. Non-linear effects in the formation of DNA damage in medaka fish fibroblast cells caused by combined action of cadmium and ionizing radiation. Dose Response 2007; 6:283-98. [PMID: 19020653 PMCID: PMC2564760 DOI: 10.2203/dose-response.07-012.grygoryev] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation-induced formation of genomic DNA damage can be modulated by nearby chemical species such as heavy metal ions, which can lead to non-linear dose response. To investigate this phenomenon, we studied cell survival and formation of 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHG) base modifications and double strand breaks (DSB) caused by combined action of cadmium (Cd) and gamma radiation in cultured medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) fibroblast cells. Our data show that the introduction of Cd leads to a significant decrease in the fraction of surviving cells and to increased sensitivity of cells to ionizing radiation (IR). Cd also appears to cause non-linear increases in radiation-induced yields of 8-OHG and DSB as dose-yield plots of these lesions exhibit non-linear S-shaped curves with a sharp increase in the yields of lesions in the 10-20 microM range of Cd concentrations. The combined action of ionizing radiation and Cd leads to increased DNA damage formation compared to the effects of the individual stressors. These results are consistent with a hypothesis that the presence of Cd modulates the efficiency of DNA repair systems thus causing increases in radiation-induced DNA damage formation and decreases in cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Grygoryev
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Oleksandr Moskalenko
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - John D. Zimbrick
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
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