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Sherafati Chaleshtori A, Marzhoseyni Z, Saeedi N, Azar Bahadori R, Mollazadeh S, Pourghadamyari H, Sajadimoghadam E, Abbaszadeh‐Goudarzi K, Moradi Hasan-Abad A, Sharafati Chaleshtori R. Gelatin-based nanoparticles and antibiotics: a new therapeutic approach for osteomyelitis? Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1412325. [PMID: 39139812 PMCID: PMC11319135 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1412325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The result of infection of bone with microorganisms is osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for most of its cases (more than 50%). Since MRSA is resistant to many treatments, it is accompanied by high costs and numerous complications, necessitating more effective new treatments. Recently, development of gelatin nanoparticles have attracted the attention of scientists of biomedicine to itself, and have been utilized as a delivery vehicle for antibiotics because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and cost-effectiveness. Promising results have been reported with gelatin modification and combinations with chemical agents. Although these findings have been suggested that gelatin has the potential to be a suitable option for continuous release of antibiotics in osteomyelitis and septic arthritis treatment, they still have not become routine in clinical practices. The most deliver antibiotic using gelatin-derived composites is vancomycin which is showed the good efficacy. To date, a number of pre-clinical studies evaluated the utility of gelatin-based composites in the management of osteomyelitis. Gelatin-based composites were found to have satisfactory performance in the control of infection, as well as the promotion of bone defect repair in chronic osteomyelitis models. This review summarized the available evidence which provides a new insight into gelatin-derived composites with controlled release of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sherafati Chaleshtori
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zeynab Marzhoseyni
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Negin Saeedi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rosita Azar Bahadori
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mollazadeh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hossein Pourghadamyari
- Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Sajadimoghadam
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | | | - Amin Moradi Hasan-Abad
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Reza Sharafati Chaleshtori
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Yaman SM, Demir D, Bölgen N. Design of gelatin cryogel scaffolds with the ability to release simvastatin for potential bone tissue engineering applications. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:055019. [PMID: 39025109 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad651e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims to improve or restore damaged tissues by using scaffolds, cells and bioactive agents. In tissue engineering, one of the most important concepts is the scaffold because it has a key role in keeping up and promoting the growth of the cells. It is also desirable to be able to load these scaffolds with drugs that induce tissue regeneration/formation. Based on this, in our study, gelatin cryogel scaffolds were developed for potential bone tissue engineering applications and simvastatin loading and release studies were performed. Simvastatin is lipoliphic in nature and this form is called inactive simvastatin (SV). It is modified to be in hydrophilic form and converted to the active form (SVA). For our study's drug loading and release process, simvastatin was used in both inactive and active forms. The blank cryogels and drug-loaded cryogels were prepared at different glutaraldehyde concentrations (1, 2, and 3%). The effect of the crosslinking agent and the amount of drug loaded were discussed with morphological and physicochemical analysis. As the glutaraldehyde concentration increased gradually, the pores size of the cryogels decreased and the swelling ratio decreased. For the release profile of simvastatin in both forms, we can say that it depended on the form (lipophilic and hydrophilic) of the loaded simvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Melis Yaman
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin 33110, Turkey
| | - Didem Demir
- Chemistry and Chemical Process Technologies Department, Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone Technical Sciences Vocational School, Tarsus University, Mersin 33100, Turkey
| | - Nimet Bölgen
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin 33110, Turkey
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Alves LP, Oliveira KDS, dos Santos ACG, de Melo DF, Moreira LMCDC, Oshiro Junior JA, da Silva DTC, Cavalcanti ALDM, Damasceno BPGDL. Cellulose Acetate Microparticles Synthesized from Agave sisalana Perrine for Controlled Release of Simvastatin. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1898. [PMID: 39000753 PMCID: PMC11243862 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin (SIM) is widely prescribed to treat hyperlipidemia, despite its limitations, such as a short half-life and low oral bioavailability. To overcome these drawbacks, the development of a controlled-release formulation is desirable. This study aims to develop a microparticulate system based on cellulose acetate (ACT) obtained from Agave sisalana Perrine to promote a controlled SIM release. SIM-loaded microparticles (SMP) were prepared using the solvent emulsification-evaporation method. Several parameters were evaluated, including particle size, surface charge, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, thermochemical characteristics, crystallinity, and in vitro release profile. ACT exhibited favorable flow properties after acetylation, with a degree of substitution values superior to 2.5, as confirmed by both the chemical route and H-NMR, indicating the formation of cellulose triacetate. The obtained SMP were spherical with an average size ranging from 1842 to 1857 nm, a zeta potential of -4.45 mV, and a high SIM incorporation efficiency (98%). Thermal and XRD analyses revealed that SIM was homogeneously dispersed into the polymeric matrix in its amorphous state. In vitro studies using dialysis bags revealed that the controlled SIM release from microparticles was higher under simulated intestinal conditions and followed the Higuchi kinetic model. Our results suggest that ACT-based microparticles are a promising system for SIM delivery, which can improve its bioavailability, and result in better patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Pereira Alves
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil; (L.P.A.); (K.d.S.O.); (D.F.d.M.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (J.A.O.J.); (D.T.C.d.S.); (B.P.G.d.L.D.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil;
| | - Kevin da Silva Oliveira
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil; (L.P.A.); (K.d.S.O.); (D.F.d.M.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (J.A.O.J.); (D.T.C.d.S.); (B.P.G.d.L.D.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil;
| | - Ana Cláudia Gonçalves dos Santos
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil;
| | - Demis Ferreira de Melo
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil; (L.P.A.); (K.d.S.O.); (D.F.d.M.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (J.A.O.J.); (D.T.C.d.S.); (B.P.G.d.L.D.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil;
| | - Lívia Maria Coelho de Carvalho Moreira
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil; (L.P.A.); (K.d.S.O.); (D.F.d.M.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (J.A.O.J.); (D.T.C.d.S.); (B.P.G.d.L.D.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil;
| | - João Augusto Oshiro Junior
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil; (L.P.A.); (K.d.S.O.); (D.F.d.M.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (J.A.O.J.); (D.T.C.d.S.); (B.P.G.d.L.D.)
| | - Dayanne Tomaz Casimiro da Silva
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil; (L.P.A.); (K.d.S.O.); (D.F.d.M.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (J.A.O.J.); (D.T.C.d.S.); (B.P.G.d.L.D.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil;
| | - Airlla Laana de Medeiros Cavalcanti
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil;
| | - Bolívar Ponciano Goulart de Lima Damasceno
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil; (L.P.A.); (K.d.S.O.); (D.F.d.M.); (L.M.C.d.C.M.); (J.A.O.J.); (D.T.C.d.S.); (B.P.G.d.L.D.)
- Laboratory of Development and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Products, Department of Pharmacy, Paraíba State University, Campina Grande 58429-600, PB, Brazil;
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Granat MM, Eifler-Zydel J, Kolmas J. Statins-Their Role in Bone Tissue Metabolism and Local Applications with Different Carriers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2378. [PMID: 38397055 PMCID: PMC10888549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Statins, widely prescribed for lipid disorders, primarily target 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase competitively and reversibly, resulting in reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). This mechanism proves effective in lowering the risk of lipid-related diseases such as ischemic cerebrovascular and coronary artery diseases. Beyond their established use, statins are under scrutiny for potential applications in treating bone diseases. The focus of research centers mainly on simvastatin, a lipophilic statin demonstrating efficacy in preventing osteoporosis and aiding in fracture and bone defect healing. Notably, these effects manifest at elevated doses (20 mg/kg/day) of statins, posing challenges for systematic administration due to their limited bone affinity. Current investigations explore intraosseous statin delivery facilitated by specialized carriers. This paper outlines various carrier types, characterizing their structures and underscoring various statins' potential as local treatments for bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Mateusz Granat
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Eifler-Zydel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Kolmas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
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Bhushan S, Singh S, Maiti TK, Chaudhari LR, Joshi MG, Dutt D. Silver-doped hydroxyapatite laden chitosan-gelatin nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: an in-vitro and in-ovo evaluation. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:206-227. [PMID: 37947007 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2279795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advancements in bone tissue engineering, the majority of implant failures are caused due to microbial contamination. So, efforts are being made to develop biomaterial with antimicrobial property enhancing the regeneration of damaged bone tissue. In the present study, chitosan-gelatin (CG) scaffolds containing silver-doped hydroxyapatite (AgHAP) nanoparticles at 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% (w/v) were fabricated by lyophilization technique. The results confirmed the synthesis of AgHAP nanoparticles and showed interconnected porous structure of the nanocomposite scaffolds with 89%-75% porosity. Similarly, the swelling percentage, degradation behavior and compressive modulus of CG-AgHAP nanocomposite scaffolds were 1666%, 40% and 0.7 MPa, respectively. The developed nanocomposite scaffolds revealed better antimicrobial properties and bioactivity. The cell culture studies showed favorable viability of Wharton's jelly stem cells on CG-AgHAP nanocomposite scaffolds. CAM (chorioallantoic membrane) assay determined the angiogenic potential with better visualization of blood vessels in the CAM area. Hence, the obtained results confirmed that CG-AgHAP3 nanocomposite scaffold was the most suitable for bone tissue engineering applications among all scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakchi Bhushan
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee-Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandhya Singh
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee-Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Leena R Chaudhari
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Meghnad G Joshi
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dharm Dutt
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee-Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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6
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Wang YM, Shen JT. Chitosan-based promising scaffolds for the construction of tailored nanosystems against osteoporosis: Current status and future prospects. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2024; 22:22808000241266487. [PMID: 39129376 DOI: 10.1177/22808000241266487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in therapeutic techniques, restoring bone tissue after damage remains a challenging task. Tissue engineering or targeted drug delivery solutions aim to meet the pressing clinical demand for treatment alternatives by creating substitute materials that imitate the structural and biological characteristics of healthy tissue. Polymers derived from natural sources typically exhibit enhanced biological compatibility and bioactivity when compared to manufactured polymers. Chitosan is a unique polysaccharide derived from chitin through deacetylation, offering biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity. Its cationic charge sets it apart from other polymers, making it a valuable resource for various applications. Modifications such as thiolation, alkylation, acetylation, or hydrophilic group incorporation can enhance chitosan's swelling behavior, cross-linking, adhesion, permeation, controllable drug release, enzyme inhibition, and antioxidative properties. Chitosan scaffolds possess considerable potential for utilization in several biological applications. An intriguing application is its use in the areas of drug distribution and bone tissue engineering. Due to their excellent biocompatibility and lack of toxicity, they are an optimal material for this particular usage. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of osteoporosis, including its pathophysiology, current treatment options, the utilization of natural polymers in disease management, and the potential use of chitosan scaffolds for drug delivery systems aimed at treating the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ming Wang
- Department of Endocrine, Shengzhou People's Hospital (Shengzhou Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, the Shengzhou Hospital of Shaoxing University), Shengzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengzhou People's Hospital (Shengzhou Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, the Shengzhou Hospital of Shaoxing University), Shengzhou, Zhejiang, China
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7
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Song Y, Wang N, Shi H, Zhang D, Wang Q, Guo S, Yang S, Ma J. Biomaterials combined with ADSCs for bone tissue engineering: current advances and applications. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad083. [PMID: 37808955 PMCID: PMC10551240 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, bone tissue engineering, which is supported by scaffold, seed cells and bioactive molecules (BMs), has provided new hope and direction for treating bone defects. In terms of seed cells, compared to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which were widely utilized in previous years, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are becoming increasingly favored by researchers due to their abundant sources, easy availability and multi-differentiation potentials. However, there is no systematic theoretical basis for selecting appropriate biomaterials loaded with ADSCs. In this review, the regulatory effects of various biomaterials on the behavior of ADSCs are summarized from four perspectives, including biocompatibility, inflammation regulation, angiogenesis and osteogenesis, to illustrate the potential of combining various materials with ADSCs for the treatment of bone defects. In addition, we conclude the influence of additional application of various BMs on the bone repair effect of ADSCs, in order to provide more evidences and support for the selection or preparation of suitable biomaterials and BMs to work with ADSCs. More importantly, the associated clinical case reports and experiments are generalized to provide additional ideas for the clinical transformation and application of bone tissue engineering loaded with ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Huixin Shi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Shude Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jia Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China
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Xue Y, Li Y, Zhang D, Xu W, Ning C, Han D. Calcium Phosphate Silicate Microspheres with Soybean Lecithin as a Sustained-Release Bone Morphogenetic Protein-Delivery System for Bone Tissue Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:2596-2607. [PMID: 36947498 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is a growth factor that effectively promotes osteogenesis. Microsphere-based drug-delivery systems can facilitate an increase in the local concentration of BMP, thus promoting bone formation. In this study, calcium phosphate silicate (CPS) microspheres were used as drug-loading systems for BMP. Three groups─CPS, CPS + BMP, and CPS + BMP + soy lecithin (SL)─were set up, where SL was used to prolong the osteogenic effect of the microsphere system. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and femoral defects in rats were used to compare the osteogenic ability of the three groups. The results indicated that CPS microspheres were good carriers of BMP, facilitating a smoother release into the cells and tissues. SL loading improved the loading rate of BMP, which promoted the osteogenic effect of the microspheres with BMP. We propose CPS microspheres as potential drug-delivery systems that can be effectively used in the treatment of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Xue
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, 639 Zhizaoju Road, 200011 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, 639 Zhizaoju Road, 200011 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, 639 Zhizaoju Road, 200011 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Congqin Ning
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, 639 Zhizaoju Road, 200011 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Bhushan S, Singh S, Maiti TK, Das A, Barui A, Chaudhari LR, Joshi MG, Dutt D. Cerium oxide nanoparticles disseminated chitosan gelatin scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123813. [PMID: 36858088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell-free and cell-loaded constructs are used to bridge the critical-sized bone defect. Oxidative stress at the site of the bone defects is a major interference that slows bone healing. Recently, there has been an increase in interest in enhancing the properties of three-dimensional scaffolds with free radical scavenging materials. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) can scavenge free radicals due to their redox-modulating property. In this study, freeze-drying was used to fabricate CG-CNPs nanocomposite scaffolds using gelatin (G), chitosan (C), and cerium oxide nanoparticles. Physico-chemical, mechanical, and biological characterization of CG-CNPs scaffolds were studied. CG-CNPs scaffolds demonstrated better results in terms of physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties as compared to CG-scaffold. CG-CNPs scaffolds were cyto-friendly to MC3T3-E1 cells studied by performing in-vitro and in-ovo studies. The scaffold's antimicrobial study revealed high inhibition zones against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. With 79 % porosity, 45.99 % weight loss, 178.25 kPa compressive modulus, and 1.83 Ca/P ratio, the CG-CNP2 scaffold displays the best characteristics. As a result, the CG-CNP2 scaffolds are highly biocompatible and could be applied to repair bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakchi Bhushan
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur 247001, India
| | - Sandhya Singh
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur 247001, India
| | - Tushar Kanti Maiti
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur 247001, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Ananya Barui
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Leena R Chaudhari
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, India
| | - Meghnad G Joshi
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, India
| | - Dharm Dutt
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur 247001, India.
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Rather HA, Varghese JF, Dhimmar B, Yadav UC, Vasita R. Polycaprolactone-collagen nanofibers loaded with dexamethasone and simvastatin as an osteoinductive and immunocompatible scaffold for bone regeneration applications. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2022; 8:100064. [PMID: 36824372 PMCID: PMC9934467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological inflammation has been shown to promote bone regeneration; however, prolonged inflammation impedes the osteogenesis and bone repair process. To overcome the latter we aimed to develop a dual drug delivering nanofibrous scaffold to promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and modulate the pro-inflammatory response of macrophages. The polycaprolactone (PCL)-collagen nanofibrous delivery system incorporating dexamethasone and simvastatin was fabricated by electrospinning process. The morphological analysis and mRNA, as well as protein expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in human monocytes (U937 cells), demonstrated the immunocompatibility effect of dual drug-releasing nanofibrous scaffolds. Nitric oxide estimation also demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of dual drug releasing scaffolds. The scaffolds demonstrated the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived MSCs by enhancing the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineral deposition after 17 days of cell culture. The increased expression of Runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX-2) and osteocalcin at mRNA and protein levels supported the osteogenic potential of dual drug-loaded fibrous scaffolds. Hence, the results indicate that our fabricated nanofibrous scaffolds exhibit immunomodulatory properties and could be employed for bone regeneration applications after further in-vivo validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ahmad Rather
- Biomaterials & Biomimetics Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030, India
| | | | - Bindiya Dhimmar
- Biomaterials & Biomimetics Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030, India
| | - Umesh C.S. Yadav
- Metabolic Disorders and Inflammatory pathologies Laboratory, Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rajesh Vasita
- Biomaterials & Biomimetics Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030, India,Corresponding author.
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Bharathi R, Ganesh SS, Harini G, Vatsala K, Anushikaa R, Aravind S, Abinaya S, Selvamurugan N. Chitosan-based scaffolds as drug delivery systems in bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:132-153. [PMID: 36108752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The bone tissue engineering approach for treating large bone defects becomes necessary when the tissue damage surpasses the threshold of the inherent regenerative ability of the human body. A myriad of natural biodegradable polymers and scaffold fabrication techniques have emerged in the last decade. Chitosan (CS) is especially attractive as a bone scaffold material to support cell attachment and proliferation and mineralization of the bone matrix. The primary amino groups in CS are responsible for properties such as controlled drug release, mucoadhesion, in situ gelation, and transfection. CS-based smart drug delivery scaffolds that respond to environmental stimuli have been reported to have a localized sustained delivery of drugs in the large bone defect area. This review outlines the recent advances in the fabrication of CS-based scaffolds as a pharmaceutical carrier to deliver drugs such as antibiotics, growth factors, nucleic acids, and phenolic compounds for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bharathi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Shree Ganesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Harini
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumari Vatsala
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Anushikaa
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Aravind
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Abinaya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Rahimtoroghi E, Kasra M, Maleki H. Hydrogels reinforced by electrospun nanofibrous yarns designed for tissue engineering applications: mechanical and cellular properties. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2097676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Rahimtoroghi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Kasra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Maleki
- Faculty of Arts, University of Birjand, University Boulevard, Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran
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Ramzan F, Ekram S, Frazier T, Salim A, Mohiuddin OA, Khan I. Decellularized Human Umbilical Tissue-Derived Hydrogels Promote Proliferation and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9060239. [PMID: 35735483 PMCID: PMC9219846 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9060239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising approach for the repair and regeneration of cartilaginous tissue. Appropriate three-dimensional scaffolding materials that mimic cartilage are ideal for the repair of chondral defects. The emerging decellularized tissue-based scaffolds have the potential to provide essential biochemical signals and structural integrity, which mimics the natural tissue environment and directs cellular fate. Umbilical cord-derived hydrogels function as 3D scaffolding material, which support adherence, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of cells due to their similar biochemical composition to cartilage. Therefore, the present study aimed to establish a protocol for the formulation of a hydrogel from decellularized human umbilical cord (DUC) tissue, and assess its application in the proliferation and differentiation of UC-MSCs along chondrogenic lineage. The results showed that the umbilical cord was efficiently decellularized. Subsequently, DUC hydrogel was prepared, and in vitro chondral differentiation of MSCs seeded on the scaffold was determined. The developed protocol efficiently removed the cellular and nuclear content while retaining the extracellular matrix (ECM). DUC tissue, pre-gel, and hydrogels were evaluated by FTIR spectroscopy, which confirmed the gelation from pre-gel to hydrogel. SEM analysis revealed the fibril morphology and porosity of the DUC hydrogel. Calcein AM and Alamar blue assays confirmed the MSC survival, attachment, and proliferation in the DUC hydrogels. Following seeding of UC-MSCs in the hydrogels, they were cultured in stromal or chondrogenic media for 28 days, and the expression of chondrogenic marker genes including TGF-β1, BMP2, SOX-9, SIX-1, GDF-5, and AGGRECAN was significantly increased (* p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, the hydrogel concentration was found to significantly affect the expression of chondrogenic marker genes. The overall results indicate that the DUC-hydrogel is compatible with MSCs and supports their chondrogenic differentiation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Ramzan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (F.R.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (O.A.M.)
| | - Sobia Ekram
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (F.R.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (O.A.M.)
| | | | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (F.R.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (O.A.M.)
| | - Omair Anwar Mohiuddin
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (F.R.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (O.A.M.)
| | - Irfan Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (F.R.); (S.E.); (A.S.); (O.A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-332-9636970
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Singh YP, Dasgupta S. Gelatin-based electrospun and lyophilized scaffolds with nano scale feature for bone tissue engineering application: review. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1704-1758. [PMID: 35443894 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2068943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The rebuilding of the normal functioning of the damaged human body bone tissue is one of the main objectives of bone tissue engineering (BTE). Fabricated scaffolds are mostly treated as artificial supports and as materials for regeneration of neo bone tissues and must closely biomimetic the native extracellular matrix of bone. The materials used for developing scaffolds should be biodegradable, nontoxic, and biocompatible. For the resurrection of bone disorder, specifically natural and synthetic polymers such as chitosan, PCL, gelatin, PGA, PLA, PLGA, etc. meet the requirements for serving their functions as artificial bone substitute materials. Gelatin is one of the potential candidates which could be blended with other polymers or composites to improve its physicochemical, mechanical, and biological performances as a bone graft. Scaffolds are produced by several methods including electrospinning, self-assembly, freeze-drying, phase separation, fiber drawing, template synthesis, etc. Among them, freeze-drying and electrospinning are among the popular, simplest, versatile, and cost-effective techniques. The design and preparation of freeze-dried and electrospun scaffolds are of intense research over the last two decades. Freeze-dried and electrospun scaffolds offer a distinctive architecture at the micro to nano range with desired porosity and pore interconnectivity for selective movement of small biomolecules and play its role as an appropriate matrix very similar to the natural bone extracellular matrix. This review focuses on the properties and functionalization of gelatin-based polymer and its composite in the form of bone scaffolds fabricated primarily using lyophilization and electrospinning technique and their applications in BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Sudip Dasgupta
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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Castillo-Henríquez L, Sanabria-Espinoza P, Murillo-Castillo B, Montes de Oca-Vásquez G, Batista-Menezes D, Calvo-Guzmán B, Ramírez-Arguedas N, Vega-Baudrit J. Topical Chitosan-Based Thermo-Responsive Scaffold Provides Dexketoprofen Trometamol Controlled Release for 24 h Use. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2100. [PMID: 34959381 PMCID: PMC8708345 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic and non-healing wounds demand personalized and more effective therapies for treating complications and improving patient compliance. Concerning that, this work aims to develop a suitable chitosan-based thermo-responsive scaffold to provide 24 h controlled release of Dexketoprofen trometamol (DKT). Three formulation prototypes were developed using chitosan (F1), 2:1 chitosan: PVA (F2), and 1:1 chitosan:gelatin (F3). Compatibility tests were done by DSC, TG, and FT-IR. SEM was employed to examine the morphology of the surface and inner layers from the scaffolds. In vitro release studies were performed at 32 °C and 38 °C, and the profiles were later adjusted to different kinetic models for the best formulation. F3 showed the most controlled release of DKT at 32 °C for 24 h (77.75 ± 2.72%) and reduced the burst release in the initial 6 h (40.18 ± 1.00%). The formulation exhibited a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) at 34.96 °C, and due to this phase transition, an increased release was observed at 38 °C (88.52 ± 2.07% at 12 h). The release profile for this formulation fits with Hixson-Crowell and Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic models at both temperatures. Therefore, the developed scaffold for DKT delivery performs adequate controlled release, thereby; it can potentially overcome adherence issues and complications in wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Castillo-Henríquez
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), San José 1174-1200, Costa Rica; (L.C.-H.); (G.M.d.O.-V.); (D.B.-M.)
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (P.S.-E.); (B.M.-C.); (N.R.-A.)
| | - Pablo Sanabria-Espinoza
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (P.S.-E.); (B.M.-C.); (N.R.-A.)
| | - Brayan Murillo-Castillo
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (P.S.-E.); (B.M.-C.); (N.R.-A.)
| | - Gabriela Montes de Oca-Vásquez
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), San José 1174-1200, Costa Rica; (L.C.-H.); (G.M.d.O.-V.); (D.B.-M.)
| | - Diego Batista-Menezes
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), San José 1174-1200, Costa Rica; (L.C.-H.); (G.M.d.O.-V.); (D.B.-M.)
| | | | - Nils Ramírez-Arguedas
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (P.S.-E.); (B.M.-C.); (N.R.-A.)
- Laboratory of Biopharmacy and Pharmacokinetics (LABIOFAR), Institute of Pharmaceutical Research (INIFAR), San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - José Vega-Baudrit
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), San José 1174-1200, Costa Rica; (L.C.-H.); (G.M.d.O.-V.); (D.B.-M.)
- Laboratory of Polymers (POLIUNA), Chemistry School, National University of Costa Rica, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica
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Enhanced osteoinductive capacity of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and biphasic ceramic scaffolds by embedding simvastatin. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2693-2701. [PMID: 34694495 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the effect of embedding simvastatin (SIM) on the osteoinductive capacity of PLGA + HA/βTCP scaffolds in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). MATERIALS AND METHODS Scaffolds were produced by PLGA solvent dissolution, addition of HA/βTCP, solvent evaporation, and leaching of sucrose particles to impart porosity. Biphasic ceramic particles (70% HA/30% βTCP) were added to the PLGA in a 1:1 (w:w) ratio. Scaffolds with SIM received 1% (w:w) of this medication. Scaffolds were synthesized in a disc-shape and sterilized by ethylene oxide. The experimental groups were (G1) PLGA + HA/βTCP and (G2) PLGA + HA/βTCP + SIM in non-osteogenic culture medium, while (G3) SHED and (G4) MC3T3-E1 in osteogenic culture medium were the positive control groups. The release profile of SIM from scaffolds was evaluated. DNA quantification assay, alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin and osteonectin proteins, extracellular calcium detection, von Kossa staining, and X-ray microtomography were performed to assess the capacity of scaffolds to induce the osteogenic differentiation of SHED. RESULTS The release profile of SIM followed a non-liner sustained-release rate, reaching about 40% of drug release at day 28. Additionally, G2 promoted the highest osteogenic differentiation of SHED, even when compared to the positive control groups. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the osteoinductive capacity of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and biphasic ceramic scaffolds was expressively enhanced by embedding simvastatin. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bone regeneration is still a limiting factor in the success of several approaches to oral and maxillofacial surgeries, though tissue engineering using mesenchymal stem cells, scaffolds, and osteoinductive mediators might collaborate to this topic.
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Jin S, Xia X, Huang J, Yuan C, Zuo Y, Li Y, Li J. Recent advances in PLGA-based biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:56-79. [PMID: 33831569 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone regeneration is an interdisciplinary complex lesson, including but not limited to materials science, biomechanics, immunology, and biology. Having witnessed impressive progress in the past decades in the development of bone substitutes; however, it must be said that the most suitable biomaterial for bone regeneration remains an area of intense debate. Since its discovery, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) has been widely used in bone tissue engineering due to its good biocompatibility and adjustable biodegradability. This review systematically covers the past and the most recent advances in developing PLGA-based bone regeneration materials. Taking the different application forms of PLGA-based materials as the starting point, we describe each form's specific application and its corresponding advantages and disadvantages with many examples. We focus on the progress of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds, three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds, microspheres/nanoparticles, hydrogels, multiphasic scaffolds, and stents prepared by other traditional and emerging methods. Finally, we briefly discuss the current limitations and future directions of PLGA-based bone repair materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As a key synthetic biopolymer in bone tissue engineering application, the progress of PLGA-based bone substitute is impressive. In this review, we summarized the past and the most recent advances in the development of PLGA-based bone regeneration materials. According to the typical application forms and corresponding crafts of PLGA-based substitutes, we described the development of electrospinning nanofibrous scaffolds, 3D printed scaffolds, microspheres/nanoparticles, hydrogels, multiphasic scaffolds and scaffolds fabricated by other manufacturing process. Finally, we briefly discussed the current limitations and proposed the newly strategy for the design and fabrication of PLGA-based bone materials or devices.
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Sordi MB, da Cruz ACC, Aragones Á, Cordeiro MMR, de Souza Magini R. PLGA+HA/βTCP Scaffold Incorporating Simvastatin: A Promising Biomaterial for Bone Tissue Engineering. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2021; 47:93-101. [PMID: 32699891 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate degradation and biocompatibility of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) + hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (PLGA+HA/βTCP) scaffolds incorporating simvastatin (SIM) to verify if this biomaterial might be promising for bone tissue engineering. Samples were obtained by the solvent evaporation technique. Biphasic ceramic particles (70% HA, 30% βTCP) were added to PLGA in a ratio of 1:1. Samples with SIM received 1% (m/m) of this medication. Scaffolds were synthesized in a cylindric shape and sterilized by ethylene oxide. For degradation analysis, samples were immersed in phosphate-buffered saline at 37°C under constant stirring for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Nondegraded samples were taken as reference. Mass variation, scanning electron microscopy, porosity analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry were performed to evaluate physico-chemical properties. Wettability and cytotoxicity tests were conducted to evaluate the biocompatibility. Microscopic images revealed the presence of macro-, meso-, and micropores in the polymer structure with HA/βTCP particles homogeneously dispersed. Chemical and thermal analyses presented similar results for both PLGA+HA/βTCP and PLGA+HA/βTCP+SIM. The incorporation of simvastatin improved the hydrophilicity of scaffolds. Additionally, PLGA+HA/βTCP and PLGA+HA/βTCP+SIM scaffolds were biocompatible for osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells. In summary, PLGA+HA/βTCP scaffolds incorporating simvastatin presented adequate structural, chemical, thermal, and biological properties for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Beatriz Sordi
- Center for Research on Dental Implants, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Águedo Aragones
- Ceramic & Composite Materials Research Laboratories, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Colucci F, Mancini V, Mattu C, Boffito M. Designing Multifunctional Devices for Regenerative Pharmacology Based on 3D Scaffolds, Drug-Loaded Nanoparticles, and Thermosensitive Hydrogels: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040464. [PMID: 33808138 PMCID: PMC8066789 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative pharmacology combines tissue engineering/regenerative medicine (TERM) with drug delivery with the aim to improve the outcomes of traditional TERM approaches. In this work, we aimed to design a multicomponent TERM platform comprising a three-dimensional scaffold, a thermosensitive hydrogel, and drug-loaded nanoparticles. We used a thermally induced phase separation method to obtain scaffolds with anisotropic mechanical properties, suitable for soft tissue engineering. A thermosensitive hydrogel was developed using a Poloxamer® 407-based poly(urethane) to embed curcumin-loaded nanoparticles, obtained by the single emulsion nanoprecipitation method. We found that encapsulated curcumin could retain its antioxidant activity and that embedding nanoparticles within the hydrogel did not affect the hydrogel gelation kinetics nor the possibility to progressively release the drug. The porous scaffold was easily loaded with the hydrogel, resulting in significantly enhanced (4-fold higher) absorption of a model molecule of nutrients (fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 4kDa) from the surrounding environment compared to pristine scaffold. The developed platform could thus represent a valuable alternative in the treatment of many pathologies affecting soft tissues, by concurrently exploiting the therapeutic effects of drugs, with the 3D framework acting as a physical support for tissue regeneration and the cell-friendly environment represented by the hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Colucci
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Vanessa Mancini
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.)
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Clara Mattu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.)
- PolitoBIOMed Laboratory, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Monica Boffito
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.)
- PolitoBIOMed Laboratory, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes, National Research Council (CNR-IPCF), 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (M.B.)
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Mechanical and cellular characterization of electrospun poly(l-lactic acid)/gelatin yarns with potential as angiogenesis scaffolds. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-021-00916-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Lagreca E, Onesto V, Di Natale C, La Manna S, Netti PA, Vecchione R. Recent advances in the formulation of PLGA microparticles for controlled drug delivery. Prog Biomater 2020; 9:153-174. [PMID: 33058072 PMCID: PMC7718366 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-020-00139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric microparticles (MPs) are recognized as very popular carriers to increase the bioavailability and bio-distribution of both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. Among different kinds of polymers, poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most accepted materials for this purpose, because of its biodegradability (due to the presence of ester linkages that are degraded by hydrolysis in aqueous environments) and safety (PLGA is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compound). Moreover, its biodegradability depends on the number of glycolide units present in the structure, indeed, lower glycol content results in an increased degradation time and conversely a higher monomer unit number results in a decreased time. Due to this feature, it is possible to design and fabricate MPs with a programmable and time-controlled drug release. Many approaches and procedures can be used to prepare MPs. The chosen fabrication methodology influences size, stability, entrapment efficiency, and MPs release kinetics. For example, lipophilic drugs as chemotherapeutic agents (doxorubicin), anti-inflammatory non-steroidal (indomethacin), and nutraceuticals (curcumin) were successfully encapsulated in MPs prepared by single emulsion technique, while water-soluble compounds, such as aptamer, peptides and proteins, involved the use of double emulsion systems to provide a hydrophilic compartment and prevent molecular degradation. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview about the preparation and characterization of drug-loaded PLGA MPs obtained by single, double emulsion and microfluidic techniques, and their current applications in the pharmaceutical industry.Graphic abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lagreca
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Onesto
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biomaterials, CRIB, University Federico II, P.leTecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy.
| | - Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biomaterials, CRIB, University Federico II, P.leTecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Vecchione
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biomaterials, CRIB, University Federico II, P.leTecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy.
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Fabrication of graphene/gelatin/chitosan/tricalcium phosphate 3D printed scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration applications. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01615-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Valido DP, Júnior WDG, de Andrade ME, Rezende AA, de Andrade de Carvalho FM, de Lima R, das Graças Gomes Trindade G, de Alcântara Campos C, Oliveira AMS, de Souza EPBSS, Frank LA, Guterres SS, Sussuchi EM, Matos CRS, Polloni A, de Souza Araújo AA, Padilha FF, Severino P, Souto EB, de Albuquerque Júnior RLC. Otoliths-composed gelatin/sodium alginate scaffolds for bone regeneration. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:1716-1728. [PMID: 32901369 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Evidence that otoliths, mineral-rich limestone concrescences present in the inner ear of bone fishes, can accelerate bone formation in vivo has been previously reported. The goal of this work was the development, characterization, and evaluation of the cytocompatibility of otoliths-incorporated sodium alginate and gelatin scaffolds. Cynoscion acoupa-derived otoliths were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (FRX), particle size, free lime, and weight loss by calcination. Furthermore, otoliths were incorporated into sodium alginate (ALG/OTL-s) or gelatin (GEL/OTL-s) scaffolds, previously developed by freeze-drying. Then, the scaffolds were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR), swelling tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cytotoxicity assays were run against J774.G8 macrophages and MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Data obtained from TGA/DTG, DSC, and FTIR analyses confirmed the interaction between otoliths and the polymeric scaffolds. SEM showed the homogeneous porous 3D structure rich in otolith micro-fragments in both scaffolds. Swelling of the GEL/OTL-s (63.54 ± 3.0%) was greater than of ALG/OTL-s (13.36 ± 9.9%) (p < 0.001). The viability of J774.G8 macrophages treated with both scaffolds was statistically similar to the group treated with DMEM only (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than that treated with Triton-X (p < 0.01) at 72 h. Both scaffolds showed approximately 100% growth of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts by 24 h, similarly to control (p > 0.05). However, by 48 h, only ALG/OTL-s showed growth similar to control (p > 0.05), whereas GEL/OTL showed a significantly lower growth index (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the physicochemical profiles suggest proper interaction between the otoliths and the two developed polymeric 3D scaffolds. Moreover, both materials showed cytocompatibility with J774.G8 macrophages but the growth of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts was higher when exposed to ALG/OTL-s. These data suggest that sodium alginate/otoliths scaffolds are potential biomaterials to be used in bone regeneration applications. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Pereira Valido
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju, 49010-390, Brazil.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanotecnology, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Wilson Déda Gonçalves Júnior
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju, 49010-390, Brazil.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanotecnology, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Maria Eliane de Andrade
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju, 49010-390, Brazil.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanotecnology, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Allan Andrade Rezende
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju, 49010-390, Brazil.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanotecnology, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Felipe Mendes de Andrade de Carvalho
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju, 49010-390, Brazil.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanotecnology, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Renata de Lima
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares S/N-km 92,5, Sorocaba, SP, CEP 18023-000, Brazil
| | | | - Caio de Alcântara Campos
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-00, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiza Abrahão Frank
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2759, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Silvia Stanisçuaski Guterres
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2759, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Eliana Midori Sussuchi
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-00, Brazil
| | | | - André Polloni
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju, 49010-390, Brazil.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanotecnology, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | | | - Francine Ferreira Padilha
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju, 49010-390, Brazil.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanotecnology, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju, 49010-390, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanotecnology, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil. .,Tiradentes Institute, 150 Mt Vernon St, Dorchester, MA, 02125, USA. .,Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Eliana Barbosa Souto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Luiz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Júnior
- Tiradentes University, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju, 49010-390, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanotecnology, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil.
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24
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Cassiano FB, Soares DG, Bordini EAF, Anovazzi G, Hebling J, Costa CADS. Simvastatin-Enriched Macro-Porous Chitosan-Calcium-Aluminate Scaffold for Mineralized Tissue Regeneration. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:385-391. [PMID: 32901714 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202003252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the odontogenic potential of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) exposed to chitosan scaffolds containing calcium aluminate (CHAlCa) associated or not with low doses of simvastatin (SV). Chitosan scaffolds received a suspension of calcium aluminate (AlCa) and were then immersed into solutions containing SV. The following groups were established: chitosan-calcium-aluminate scaffolds (CHAlCa - Control), chitosan calcium-aluminate with 0.5 µM SV (CHAlCa-SV0.5), and chitosan calcium-aluminate with 1.0 µM SV (CHAlCa-SV1.0). The morphology and composition of the scaffolds were evaluated by SEM and EDS, respectively. After 14 days of HDPCs culture on scaffolds, cell viability, adhesion and spread, mineralized matrix deposition as well as gene expression of odontogenic markers were assessed. Calcium aluminate particles were incorporated into the chitosan matrix, which exhibited regular pores homogeneously distributed throughout its structure. The selected SV dosages were biocompatible with HDPCs. Chitosan-calcium-aluminate scaffolds with 1 µM SV induced the odontoblastic phenotype in the HDPCs, which showed enhanced mineralized matrix deposition and up-regulated ALP, Col1A1, and DMP-1 expression. Therefore, one can conclude that the incorporation of calcium aluminate and simvastatin in chitosan scaffolds had a synergistic effect on HDPCs, favoring odontogenic cell differentiation and mineralized matrix deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Balestrero Cassiano
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Diana Gabriela Soares
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Ester Alves Ferreira Bordini
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovana Anovazzi
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Josimeri Hebling
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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25
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Kastania G, Campbell J, Mitford J, Volodkin D. Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Capsule (PEMC)-Based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E797. [PMID: 32842692 PMCID: PMC7570195 DOI: 10.3390/mi11090797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is a highly multidisciplinary field that focuses on novel regenerative treatments and seeks to tackle problems relating to tissue growth both in vitro and in vivo. These issues currently involve the replacement and regeneration of defective tissues, as well as drug testing and other related bioapplications. The key approach in TE is to employ artificial structures (scaffolds) to support tissue development; these constructs should be capable of hosting, protecting and releasing bioactives that guide cellular behaviour. A straightforward approach to integrating bioactives into the scaffolds is discussed utilising polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules (PEMCs). Herein, this review illustrates the recent progress in the use of CaCO3 vaterite-templated PEMCs for the fabrication of functional scaffolds for TE applications, including bone TE as one of the main targets of PEMCs. Approaches for PEMC integration into scaffolds is addressed, taking into account the formulation, advantages, and disadvantages of such PEMCs, together with future perspectives of such architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dmitry Volodkin
- School of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry and Forensics, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (G.K.); (J.C.); (J.M.)
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26
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Dewhurst RM, Scalzone A, Buckley J, Mattu C, Rankin KS, Gentile P, Ferreira AM. Development of Natural-Based Bone Cement for a Controlled Doxorubicin-Drug Release. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:754. [PMID: 32733869 PMCID: PMC7363953 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) accounts for 60% of all global bone cancer diagnoses. Intravenous administration of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride (DOXO) is the current form of OS treatment, however, systemic delivery has been linked to the onset of DOXO induced cardiomyopathy. Biomaterials including calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) and nanoparticles (NPs) have been tested as localized drug delivery scaffolds for OS cells. However, the tumor microenvironment is critical in cancer progression, with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) thought to promote OS metastasis and drug resistance. The extent of MSC assisted survival of OS cells in response to DOXO delivered by CPCs is unknown. In this study, we aimed at investigating the effect of DOXO release from a new formulation of calcium phosphate-based bone cement on the viability of OS cells cocultured with hMSC in vitro. NPs made of PLGA were loaded with DOXO and incorporated in the formulated bone cement to achieve local drug release. The inclusion of PLGA-DOXO NPs into CPCs was also proven to increase the levels of cytotoxicity of U2OS cells in mono- and coculture after 24 and 72 h. Our results demonstrate that a more effective localized DOXO delivery can be achieved via the use of CPCs loaded with PLGA-DOXO NPs compared to CPCs loaded with DOXO, by an observed reduction in metabolic activity of U2OS cells in indirect coculture with hMSCs. The presence of hMSCs offer a degree of DOXO resistance in U2OS cells cultured on PLGA-DOXO NP bone cements. The consideration of the tumor microenvironment via the indirect inclusion of hMSCs in this study can act as a starting point for future direct coculture and in vivo investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Marie Dewhurst
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Annachiara Scalzone
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Buckley
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Clara Mattu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Kenneth S Rankin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Marina Ferreira
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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27
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Ion R, Necula MG, Mazare A, Mitran V, Neacsu P, Schmuki P, Cimpean A. Drug Delivery Systems Based on Titania Nanotubes and Active Agents for Enhanced Osseointegration of Bone Implants. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:854-902. [PMID: 31362646 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190726123229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) are attractive nanostructures for localized drug delivery. Owing to their excellent biocompatibility and physicochemical properties, numerous functionalizations of TNTs have been attempted for their use as therapeutic agent delivery platforms. In this review, we discuss the current advances in the applications of TNT-based delivery systems with an emphasis on the various functionalizations of TNTs for enhancing osteogenesis at the bone-implant interface and for preventing implant-related infection. Innovation of therapies for enhancing osteogenesis still represents a critical challenge in regeneration of bone defects. The overall concept focuses on the use of osteoconductive materials in combination with the use of osteoinductive or osteopromotive factors. In this context, we highlight the strategies for improving the functionality of TNTs, using five classes of bioactive agents: growth factors (GFs), statins, plant derived molecules, inorganic therapeutic ions/nanoparticles (NPs) and antimicrobial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Ion
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Georgiana Necula
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Mazare
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Department of Materials Science, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Valentina Mitran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Patricia Neacsu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Department of Materials Science, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anisoara Cimpean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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28
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Formulation of simvastatin chitosan nanoparticles for controlled delivery in bone regeneration: Optimization using Box-Behnken design, stability and in vivo study. Int J Pharm 2020; 577:119038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Sadeghinia A, Soltani S, Aghazadeh M, Khalilifard J, Davaran S. Design and fabrication of clinoptilolite-nanohydroxyapatite/chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold and evaluation of its effects on bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:221-233. [PMID: 31581359 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to synthesize an innovative composite scaffold, which structured of clinoptilolite-nanohydroxyapatite/chitosan-gelatin (CLN-nHA/CS-G) with enhanced attributes for utilization in the bone tissue engineering. This composite scaffold was prepared by blending the CLN, nHA, chitosan, and gelatin solution followed by a freeze-drying step. The fabricated composite scaffolds were studied using BET, FTIR, XRD, and SEM techniques. The highly porous composite scaffolds with a pore size of 200 ± 100 μm were synthesized. Moreover, the effects of CLN and nHA on the physicochemical features of the scaffold such as density, swelling ratio, biomineralization, biodegradation, and mechanical behavior were studied. Compared with CS-G scaffold, the presence of CLN and nHA leads to an increased surface area, increased biomineralization, and low rate of degradation in simulated body fluid solution (SBF) and mechanical strength. Cytotoxicity of the CLN-nHA/CS-G scaffold was studied by MTT assay on human dental pulp stem cells (h-DPSCs). The biological response of h-DPSCs showed no toxicity and studied cells proliferated and attached on the pore surfaces of the scaffold. Results indicated that introducing CLN and nHA to composite improves the scaffold characteristics in a way that makes it suitable for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sadeghinia
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somaieh Soltani
- Faculty of pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Aghazadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Khalilifard
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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30
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Jose G, Shalumon K, Liao HT, Kuo CY, Chen JP. Preparation and Characterization of Surface Heat Sintered Nanohydroxyapatite and Nanowhitlockite Embedded Poly (Lactic-co-glycolic Acid) Microsphere Bone Graft Scaffolds: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E528. [PMID: 31947689 PMCID: PMC7013730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of using bone graft materials to restore and improve the function of damaged bone tissues, macroporous biodegradable composite bone graft scaffolds have osteoinductive properties that allow them to provide a suitable environment for bone regeneration. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) and whitlockite (WLKT) are the two major components of hard tissues such as bone and teeth. Because of their biocompatibility and osteoinductivity, we synthesized HAP (nHAP) and WLKT nanoparticles (nWLKT) by using the chemical precipitation method. The nanoparticles were separately incorporated within poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres. Following this, the composite microspheres were converted to macroporous bone grafts with sufficient mechanical strength in pin or screw shape through surface sintering. We characterized physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the nanoparticles and composites. The biocompatibility of the grafts was further tested through in vitro cell adhesion and proliferation studies using rabbit bone marrow stem cells. The ability to promote osteogenic differentiation was tested through alkaline phosphate activity and immunofluorescence staining of bone marker proteins. For in vivo study, the bone pins were implanted in tibia bone defects in rabbits to compare the bone regeneration ability though H&E, Masson's trichrome and immunohistochemical staining. The results revealed similar physico-chemical characteristics and cellular response of PLGA/nHAP and PLGA/nWLKT scaffolds but the latter is associated with higher osteogenic potential towards BMSCs, pointing out the possibility to use this ceramic nanoparticle to prepare a sintered composite microsphere scaffold for potential bone grafts and tissue engineered implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gils Jose
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - K.T. Shalumon
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Han-Tsung Liao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Kuo
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ping Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Tai-Shan, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
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31
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Zhu K, Zhao F, Yang Y, Mu W. Effects of simvastatin-loaded PLGA microspheres on treatment of rats with intervertebral disk degeneration and on 6-K-PGF1α and HIF-1α. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:579-584. [PMID: 31897100 PMCID: PMC6923742 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of simvastatin-loaded PLGA sustained release microspheres on the treatment of rats with intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) and on 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-K-PGF1α) and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) were investigated. Eighty female rats were selected and randomized into a model group (modeled for IVDD), a treatment group (modeled and treated with simvastatin-loaded PLGA sustained release microspheres), a sham operation group (only operated without excision), and a control group (not treated) (n=20 each). After modeling, 6-K-PGF1α and HIF-1α in the peripheral blood of the rats were, respectively, detected before simvastatin injection (T0), at 2 weeks (T1) and 4 weeks (T2) after simvastatin injection. The bone mineral density (BMD) of L5 and L6 was detected by X-ray. The trabecular thickness, number, and separation of the vertebral body were detected. Changes in the sagittal T2-weighted signal of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus were detected by MRI. There were no differences between the control and sham operation groups in the indices (P>0.050). Compared with those in the model group during the treatment, BMD, 6-K-PGF1α, HIF-1α, and trabecular number in the treatment group significantly increased (P<0.050), while the trabecular separation significantly decreased (P<0.050). The sagittal T2-weighted MRI signal in the model group was the lowest between the four groups (P<0.050). Simvastatin-loaded PLGA sustained release microspheres can improve the BMD of the vertebral body and increase the contents of 6-K-PGF1α and HIF-1α in the treatment of rats with IVDD, so they are important for the clinical treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhu
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.,Department of Spine Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - Futing Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Qingyun County People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253700, P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Yang
- Department of Pathology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Mu
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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32
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Tanase CE, Qutachi O, White LJ, Shakesheff KM, McCaskie AW, Best SM, Cameron RE. Targeted protein delivery: carbodiimide crosslinking influences protein release from microparticles incorporated within collagen scaffolds. Regen Biomater 2019; 6:279-287. [PMID: 31616565 PMCID: PMC6783698 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering response may be tailored via controlled, sustained release of active agents from protein-loaded degradable microparticles incorporated directly within three-dimensional (3D) ice-templated collagen scaffolds. However, the effects of covalent crosslinking during scaffold preparation on the availability and release of protein from the incorporated microparticles have not been explored. Here, we load 3D ice-templated collagen scaffolds with controlled additions of poly-(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles. We probe the effects of subsequent N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride crosslinking on protein release, using microparticles with different internal protein distributions. Fluorescein isothiocyanate labelled bovine serum albumin is used as a model protein drug. The scaffolds display a homogeneous microparticle distribution, and a reduction in pore size and percolation diameter with increased microparticle addition, although these values did not fall below those reported as necessary for cell invasion. The protein distribution within the microparticles, near the surface or more deeply located within the microparticles, was important in determining the release profile and effect of crosslinking, as the surface was affected by the carbodiimide crosslinking reaction applied to the scaffold. Crosslinking of microparticles with a high proportion of protein at the surface caused both a reduction and delay in protein release. Protein located within the bulk of the microparticles, was protected from the crosslinking reaction and no delay in the overall release profile was seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Edi Tanase
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Cambridge, 27, Charles Babbage Road, UK
| | - Omar Qutachi
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lisa J White
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kevin M Shakesheff
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew W McCaskie
- Division of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Serena M Best
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Cambridge, 27, Charles Babbage Road, UK
| | - Ruth E Cameron
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Cambridge, 27, Charles Babbage Road, UK
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Nie L, Wu Q, Long H, Hu K, Li P, Wang C, Sun M, Dong J, Wei X, Suo J, Hua D, Liu S, Yuan H, Yang S. Development of chitosan/gelatin hydrogels incorporation of biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticles for bone tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:1636-1657. [PMID: 31393229 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1654210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The chitosan/gelatin hydrogel incorporated with biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticles (BCP-NPs) as scaffold (CGB) for bone tissue engineering was reported in this article. Such nanocomposite hydrogels were fabricated by using cycled freeze-thawing method, of which physicochemical and biological properties were regulated by adjusting the weight ratio of chitosan/gelatin/BCP-NPs. The needle-like BCP-NPs were dispersed into composites uniformly, and physically cross-linked with chitosan and gelatin, which were identified via Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. The porosity, equilibrium swelling ratio, and compressive strength of CGB scaffolds were mainly influenced by the BCP-NPs concentration. In vitro degradation analysis in simulated body fluids (SBF) displayed that CGB scaffolds were degraded up to at least 30 wt% in one month. Also, CCK-8 analysis confirmed that the prepared scaffolds had a good cytocompatibility through in culturing with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Finally, In vivo animal experiments revealed that new bone tissue was observed inside the scaffolds, and gradually increased with increasing months, when implanted CGB scaffolds into large necrotic lesions of rabbit femoral head. The above results suggested that prepared CGB nanocomposites had the potential to be applied in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang , China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Member of Flanders Make, KU Leuven (Catholic University of Leuven) , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Qiaoyun Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang , China
| | - Haiyue Long
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang , China
| | - Kehui Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Member of Flanders Make, KU Leuven (Catholic University of Leuven) , Leuven , Belgium.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Pei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang , China
| | - Can Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang , China
| | - Meng Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang , China
| | - Jing Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang , China
| | - Xiaoyan Wei
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics , Berlin , Germany
| | - Jinping Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Mould Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Dangling Hua
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Hongyu Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang , China
| | - Shoufeng Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Member of Flanders Make, KU Leuven (Catholic University of Leuven) , Leuven , Belgium
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Ding X, Wang S, Jin W, Liu X, Chen J, Chen S. Encapsulation of a nanoporous simvastatin-chitosan composite to enhance osteointegration of hydroxyapatite-coated polyethylene terephthalate ligaments. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:4881-4893. [PMID: 31308664 PMCID: PMC6613541 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s210687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and osteointegration of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ligaments encapsulated with a simvastatin (SV)-chitosan (CS) composite. METHODS This study compared the in vitro and in vivo bone responses to three different PET ligaments: SV/CS/PET-HA, CS/PET-HA and PET-HA. A field emission scanning electron microscope was used to characterize the morphology, and the in vitro SV release profile was analyzed. MC3T3 cells were cocultured with SV/CS/PET-HA, CS/PET-HA and PET-HA to test their biocompatibility using CCK-8 tests. Osteogenic differentiation was investigated by the expression of marker genes using qPCR. Osteointegration was performed by implanting the PET ligaments into the proximal tibia bone tunnels of male Sprague-Dawley rats for 3 weeks and 6 weeks. The bone-implant interface was evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis. RESULTS The characteristic nanoporous structures mainly formed on the surface of the plasma-sprayed HA particles in the SV/CS/PET-HA and CS/PET-HA groups. The SV release test showed that the sustained release of simvastatin lasted for 25 days in the SV/CS/PET-HA group. The in vitro studies demonstrated that the SV/CS/PET-HA ligaments induced osteogenic differentiation in the MC3T3 cells, with higher mRNA expression levels of collagen-1, bone morphogenetic protein-2, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase than those in the CS/PET-HA and PET-HA ligament groups. The in vivo tests showed that both micro-CT analysis (bone mineral density and bone volume per total volume) and histological analysis (bone implant contact and interface area) revealed significantly higher peri-implant bone formation and less interface area in the SV/CS/PET-HA group than in the other groups. CONCLUSION The SV-CS composite nanoporous structure was associated with the improved biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation in vitro and enhanced osteointegration process in vivo of plasma-sprayed HA-coated PET ligaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Ding
- Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siheng Wang
- Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhe Jin
- Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingwang Liu
- Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai200040, People’s Republic of China
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Kalani MM, Nourmohammadi J, Negahdari B, Rahimi A, Sell SA. Electrospun core-sheath poly(vinyl alcohol)/silk fibroin nanofibers with Rosuvastatin release functionality for enhancing osteogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 99:129-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Chocholata P, Kulda V, Babuska V. Fabrication of Scaffolds for Bone-Tissue Regeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E568. [PMID: 30769821 PMCID: PMC6416573 DOI: 10.3390/ma12040568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present article describes the state of the art in the rapidly developing field of bone tissue engineering, where many disciplines, such as material science, mechanical engineering, clinical medicine and genetics, are interconnected. The main objective is to restore and improve the function of bone tissue by scaffolds, providing a suitable environment for tissue regeneration and repair. Strategies and materials used in oral regenerative therapies correspond to techniques generally used in bone tissue engineering. Researchers are focusing on developing and improving new materials to imitate the native biological neighborhood as authentically as possible. The most promising is a combination of cells and matrices (scaffolds) that can be fabricated from different kinds of materials. This review summarizes currently available materials and manufacturing technologies of scaffolds for bone-tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Chocholata
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Karlovarska 48, 301 66 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Vlastimil Kulda
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Karlovarska 48, 301 66 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Vaclav Babuska
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Karlovarska 48, 301 66 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
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Encarnação IC, Sordi MB, Aragones Á, Müller CMO, Moreira AC, Fernandes CP, Ramos JV, Cordeiro MMR, Fredel MC, Magini RS. Release of simvastatin from scaffolds of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid and biphasic ceramic designed for bone tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2152-2164. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isis C. Encarnação
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Mariane B. Sordi
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Águedo Aragones
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
- Ceramic & Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Department of Mechanical EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | | | - Anderson C. Moreira
- Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT)Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Celso P. Fernandes
- Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT)Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Jeferson V. Ramos
- Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT)Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Mabel M. R. Cordeiro
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Márcio C. Fredel
- Ceramic & Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Department of Mechanical EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Ricardo S. Magini
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
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Kalani MM, Nourmohammadi J, Negahdari B. Osteogenic potential of Rosuvastatin immobilized on silk fibroin nanofibers using argon plasma treatment. Biomed Mater 2018; 14:025002. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aaec26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Azizian S, Hadjizadeh A, Niknejad H. Chitosan-gelatin porous scaffold incorporated with Chitosan nanoparticles for growth factor delivery in tissue engineering. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 202:315-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Mittal H, Ray SS, Kaith BS, Bhatia JK, Sukriti, Sharma J, Alhassan SM. Recent progress in the structural modification of chitosan for applications in diversified biomedical fields. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Hajihasani Biouki M, Mobedi H, Karkhaneh A, Daliri Joupari M. Development of a simvastatin loaded injectable porous scaffold in situ formed by phase inversion method for bone tissue regeneration. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 42:72-79. [PMID: 30482084 DOI: 10.1177/0391398818806161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The use of injectable scaffolds as a minimally invasive method is a good choice in tissue engineering applications. A critical parameter for the tissue engineering scaffolds is a suitable morphology with interconnected pores. We present the development of a simvastatin loaded scaffold that forms in situ and provides the porous structure with interconnected pores. METHODS: The formulation of these scaffolds includes a polymeric solution of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (25 wt%) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone containing 6 wt% deionized water and porogen (mannitol, four times the weight of the polymer). We have grafted simvastatin to poly lactic-co-glycolic acid by the esterification reactions. Simvastatin or simvastatin-grafted poly lactic-co-glycolic acid in different levels was added to polymer solution and finally the solution was injected into phosphate buffered saline. The simvastatin-grafted poly lactic-co-glycolic acid was characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infra-red and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The morphology, porosity, and biocompatibility of the scaffolds were evaluated. The in vitro simvastatin release from the various formulations was studied. Osteogenic differentiation of the adipose-derived stem cells was investigated using alkaline phosphatase activity assay and cell mineralization was evaluated using Alizarin red staining. RESULTS: The morphology results showed the resultant scaffold was porous with the interconnected pores. The scaffolds presented 91% porosity. Non-toxic doses of simvastatin in the scaffolds were determined by methyl-thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The released simvastatin from the scaffolds continues over 80 days. Alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin red results indicated that cell osteogenic differentiation is promoted. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that release of simvastatin from the injectable scaffolds can have positive effects on osteogenic differentiation of the adipose-derived stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Hajihasani Biouki
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Mobedi
- 2 Department of Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Karkhaneh
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Daliri Joupari
- 4 Department of Animal and Marine Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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Rezazadeh M, Parandeh M, Akbari V, Ebrahimi Z, Taheri A. Incorporation of rosuvastatin-loaded chitosan/chondroitin sulfate nanoparticles into a thermosensitive hydrogel for bone tissue engineering: preparation, characterization, and cellular behavior. Pharm Dev Technol 2018; 24:357-367. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2018.1484765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Rezazadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Novel Drug Delivery System Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Parandeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Novel Drug Delivery System Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vajihe Akbari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Ebrahimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Novel Drug Delivery System Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azade Taheri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Novel Drug Delivery System Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Eskinazi-Budge A, Manickavasagam D, Czech T, Novak K, Kunzler J, Oyewumi MO. Preparation of emulsifying wax/glyceryl monooleate nanoparticles and evaluation as a delivery system for repurposing simvastatin in bone regeneration. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:1583-1590. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1483381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Eskinazi-Budge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Dharani Manickavasagam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Tori Czech
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly Novak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - James Kunzler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Moses O. Oyewumi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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Shalumon KT, Kuo CY, Wong CB, Chien YM, Chen HA, Chen JP. Gelatin/Nanohyroxyapatite Cryogel Embedded Poly(lactic- co-glycolic Acid)/Nanohydroxyapatite Microsphere Hybrid Scaffolds for Simultaneous Bone Regeneration and Load-Bearing. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E620. [PMID: 30966654 PMCID: PMC6403993 DOI: 10.3390/polym10060620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is desirable to combine load-bearing and bone regeneration capabilities in a single bone tissue engineering scaffold. For this purpose, we developed a high strength hybrid scaffold using a sintered poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP) microsphere cavity fitted with gelatin/nHAP cryogel disks in the center. Osteo-conductive/osteo-inductive nHAP was incorporated in 250⁻500 μm PLGA microspheres at 40% (w/w) as the base matrix for the high strength cavity-shaped microsphere scaffold, while 20% (w/w) nHAP was incorporated into gelatin cryogels as an embedded core for bone regeneration purposes. The physico-chemical properties of the microsphere, cryogel, and hybrid scaffolds were characterized in detail. The ultimate stress and Young's modulus of the hybrid scaffold showed 25- and 21-fold increases from the cryogel scaffold. In vitro studies using rabbit bone marrow-derived stem cells (rBMSCs) in cryogel and hybrid scaffolds through DNA content, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineral deposition by SEM/EDS, showed the prominence of both scaffolds in cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs in a normal medium. Calcium contents analysis, immunofluorescent staining of collagen I (COL I), and osteocalcin (OCN) and relative mRNA expression of COL I, OCN and osteopontin (OPN) confirmed in vitro differentiation of rBMSCs in the hybrid scaffold toward the bone lineage. From compression testing, the cell/hybrid scaffold construct showed a 1.93 times increase of Young's modulus from day 14 to day 28, due to mineral deposition. The relative mRNA expression of osteogenic marker genes COL I, OCN, and OPN showed 5.5, 18.7, and 7.2 folds increase from day 14 to day 28, respectively, confirming bone regeneration. From animal studies, the rBMSCs-seeded hybrid constructs could repair mid-diaphyseal tibia defects in rabbits, as evaluated by micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) and histological analyses. The hybrid scaffold will be useful for bone regeneration in load-bearing areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Shalumon
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Yi Kuo
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Chak-Bor Wong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Miao Chien
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Huai-An Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Ping Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Tai-Shan, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan.
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Soares DG, Anovazzi G, Bordini EAF, Zuta UO, Silva Leite MLA, Basso FG, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA. Biological Analysis of Simvastatin-releasing Chitosan Scaffold as a Cell-free System for Pulp-dentin Regeneration. J Endod 2018; 44:971-976.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Soares DG, Zhang Z, Mohamed F, Eyster TW, de Souza Costa CA, Ma PX. Simvastatin and nanofibrous poly(l-lactic acid) scaffolds to promote the odontogenic potential of dental pulp cells in an inflammatory environment. Acta Biomater 2018; 68:190-203. [PMID: 29294374 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory, odontogenic and pro-angiogenic effects of integrating simvastatin and nanofibrous poly(l-lactic acid) (NF-PLLA) scaffolds on dental pulp cells (DPCs). Highly porous NF-PLLA scaffolds that mimic the nanofibrous architecture of extracellular matrix were first fabricated, then seeded with human DPCs and cultured with 0.1 μM simvastatin and/or 10 μg/mL pro-inflammatory stimulator lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The gene expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β and MMP-9 mRNA) and odontoblastic markers (ALP activity, calcium content, DSPP, DMP-1 and BMP-2 mRNA) were quantified after long-term culture in vitro. In addition, we evaluated the scaffold's pro-angiogenic potential after 24 h of in vitro co-culture with endothelial cells. Finally, we assessed the combined effects of simvastatin and NF-PLLA scaffolds in vivo using a subcutaneous implantation mouse model. The in vitro studies demonstrated that, compared with the DPC/NF-PLLA scaffold constructs cultured only with pro-inflammatory stimulator LPS, adding simvastatin significantly repress the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators. Treating LPS+ DPC/NF-PLLA constructs with simvastatin also reverted the negative effects of LPS on expression of odontoblastic markers in vitro and in vivo. Western blot analysis demonstrated that these effects were related to a reduction in NFkBp65 phosphorylation and up-regulation of PPARγ expression, as well as to increased phosphorylation of pERK1/2 and pSmad1, mediated by simvastatin on LPS-stimulated DPCs. The DPC/NF-PLLA constructs treated with LPS/simvastatin also led to an increase in vessel-like structures, correlated with increased VEGF expression in both DPSCs and endothelial cells. Therefore, the combination of low dosage simvastatin and NF-PLLA scaffolds appears to be a promising strategy for dentin regeneration with inflamed dental pulp tissue, by minimizing the inflammatory reaction and increasing the regenerative potential of resident stem cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The regeneration potential of stem cells is dependent on their microenvironment. In this study, we investigated the effect of the microenvironment of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), including 3D structure of a macroporous and nanofibrous scaffold, the inflammatory stimulus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and a biological molecule simvastatin, on their regenerative potential of mineralized dentin tissue. The results demonstrated that LPS upregulated inflammatory mediators and suppressed the odontogenic potential of DPSCs. Known as a lipid-lowing agent, simvastatin was excitingly found to repress the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, up-regulate odontoblastic markers, and exert a pro-angiogenic effect on endothelial cells, resulting in enhanced vascularization and mineralized dentin tissue regeneration in a biomimetic 3D tissue engineering scaffold. This novel finding is significant for the fields of stem cells, inflammation and dental tissue regeneration.
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Li Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Z. Porous Chitosan/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds Incorporating Simvastatin-Loaded PLGA Microspheres for Bone Repair. Cells Tissues Organs 2018; 205:20-31. [PMID: 29393155 DOI: 10.1159/000485502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of bone tissue scaffolds with osteogenic induction factors is an effective strategy to facilitate bone healing processes. Here, chitosan (CS)/nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds containing simvastatin (SIM)-loaded PLGA microspheres were fabricated by combining a freeze-drying technique with a modified water-oil-water emulsion method. The CS/HA weight ratio of 1:2 was selected by analyzing the effect of HA content on the micro-architecture, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility of the scaffold. Drug release kinetics showed that the SIM encapsulated in the scaffold was released in a sustained manner for up to 30 days. In vitro bioactivity study in rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells showed that the SIM-loaded scaffolds had a strong ability in accelerating cell proliferation and inducing osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, an in vivo experiment using a rat calvarial defect model also documented that the SIM-loaded scaffolds had a remarkable effect on bone-promoting regeneration. The results of this study suggest that the SIM-loaded CS/HA scaffold is feasible and effective in bone repair and thus may provide a promising route for the treatment of critical-sized bone defects.
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Ghadri N, Anderson KM, Adatrow P, Stein SH, Su H, Garcia-Godoy F, Karydis A, Bumgardner JD. Evaluation of Bone Regeneration of Simvastatin Loaded Chitosan Nanofiber Membranes in Rodent Calvarial Defects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2018.92012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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