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Analysis of Microsatellite Length Polymorphism for Clinical Isolates of Candida albicans from Animals. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2023. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm-132587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Candida albicans has been shown as the most common species of Candida collected from different animals. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among C. albicans isolates collected from clinical specimens of animals suffering from candidiasis using microsatellite length polymorphism (MLP). Methods: We used MLP for a group of 60 C. albicans strains isolated from various animal species (dog: 16, cat: 10, horse: 10, cow: 14, chicken: 10), previously defined as animal clinical isolates. Three loci, including EF3, CDC3, and HIS3, were amplified, and the products ran onto an ABI XL 370 genetic analyzer, and fragment sizes were determined. Results: Of the 60 clinical strains illustrated, 49 different genotypes were identified with a discriminatory power index of 0.991. A total of 17 alleles and 26 different combinations were identified for EF3 locus, six alleles and 13 combinations for CDC3 locus, and 17 alleles and 27 combinations for HIS3 locus. The most common genotypes were GP9 (four strains) and GP1 and GP33 (three strains). Wright’s fixation index (FST) values were calculated to assess inter-group genetic diversity for all pairwise combinations of the five sub-populations of C. albicans isolated from the different animal hosts. The highest FST values related to C. albicans isolated from chicken to three sub-populations of cats (FST: 0.1397), cows (FST: 0.0639), and horses (FST: 0.0585). Conclusions: The results indicated a moderate genetic differentiation (0.05 < FST < 0.15) between C. albicans strains isolated from cats, cows, and horses as a mammal vs. chickens.
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Konaté A, Barro-Kiki PCM, Kassi KF, Angora KE, Vanga-Bosson H, Djohan V, Bédia-Tanoh AV, Miézan AJS, Yavo W, Menan EIH. Oropharyngeal candidiasis prevalence among HIV-infected patients at the teaching hospital of Treichville (Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire). J Mycol Med 2017; 27:549-553. [PMID: 28867257 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to determine the mycological profile of oropharyngeal candidiasis among HIV-infected patients from Internal Medicine, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, and Pneumo-Phthisiology Diseases departments of the Teaching Hospital of Treichville in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study carried out on patients with lesions suggestive of oropharyngeal candidiasis from October 2010 to April 2011. Oral swabs were cultured, and Candida species were identified using a germ tube test, a chlamydospore formation assay, and the API 20C system. RESULTS A total of 286 patients were included, among whom 99.1% were infected with HIV. The prevalence of oropharyngeal candidiasis was 79.4% (CI95%=74.4-83.8). Five different species of Candida were identified, with the predominant species being Candida albicans (95.2%). Most affected patients were female (54.6%, P<0.0001) between the ages of 30 and 45 (78.4%, P<0.0001). The most lesion types observed were thrush (87.8%). Patients infected with HIV1 (95.6%), with a primary school level of education (52.8%), under antiretroviral therapy (88.5%) and with tuberculosis as an associated pathology (62.5%) were the most commonly affected. Patients were mostly under ART first line treatment (86.4%) and at the beginning of the treatment (86.4%). CONCLUSION Oropharyngeal candidiasis is frequent among HIV-infected patients. Better and early management of this vulnerable population should allow for a reduction in the high prevalence observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Konaté
- Department of parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and Zoology, Felix-Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire; Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology, Teaching Hospital of Yopougon, 21 BP 632, Abidjan 21, Cote d'Ivoire.
| | - P C M Barro-Kiki
- Department of parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and Zoology, Felix-Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - K F Kassi
- Department of parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and Zoology, Felix-Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire; Laboratory of Parasitology And Mycology of the Diagnosis and Research Centre on AIDS and the others infectious diseases, 01 BPV 13, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - K E Angora
- Department of parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and Zoology, Felix-Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - H Vanga-Bosson
- Department of parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and Zoology, Felix-Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - V Djohan
- Department of parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and Zoology, Felix-Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - A V Bédia-Tanoh
- Department of parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and Zoology, Felix-Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - A J S Miézan
- Department of parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and Zoology, Felix-Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - W Yavo
- Department of parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and Zoology, Felix-Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - E I H Menan
- Department of parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and Zoology, Felix-Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire; Laboratory of Parasitology And Mycology of the Diagnosis and Research Centre on AIDS and the others infectious diseases, 01 BPV 13, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
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Taghavi M, Khosravi A, Mortaz E, Nikaein D, Athari SS. Role of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) in immune responses to fungal infections. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 808:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Katiraee F, Ahmadi Afshar S, Rahimi Pirmahalleh SF, Shokri H. In vitro antifungal activity of essential oils extracted from plants against fluconazole-susceptible and -resistant Candida albicans. Curr Med Mycol 2017. [PMID: 29354774 PMCID: PMC5763891 DOI: 10.29252/cmm.3.2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Katiraee
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Corresponding author: Farzad Katiraee , Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Ahmadi Afshar
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - SF Rahimi Pirmahalleh
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - H Shokri
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
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Minea B, Nastasa V, Moraru RF, Kolecka A, Flonta MM, Marincu I, Man A, Toma F, Lupse M, Doroftei B, Marangoci N, Pinteala M, Boekhout T, Mares M. Species distribution and susceptibility profile to fluconazole, voriconazole and MXP-4509 of 551 clinical yeast isolates from a Romanian multi-centre study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 34:367-83. [PMID: 25224578 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This is the first multi-centre study regarding yeast infections in Romania. The aim was to determine the aetiological spectrum and susceptibility pattern to fluconazole, voriconazole and the novel compound MXP-4509. The 551 isolates were identified using routine laboratory methods, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and DNA sequence analysis. Susceptibility testing was performed using the European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) method and breakpoints. The yeasts originated from superficial infections (SUP, 51.5 %), bloodstream infections (BSI, 31.6 %) and deep-seated infections (DEEP, 16.9 %), from patients of all ages. Nine genera and 30 species were identified. The 20 Candida species accounted for 94.6 % of all isolates. C. albicans was the overall leading pathogen (50.5 %). Lodderomyces elongisporus is reported for the first time as a fungaemia cause in Europe. C. glabrata and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as the non-Candida spp. and non-albicans Candida spp. groups, showed decreased fluconazole susceptibility (<75 %). The overall fluconazole resistance was 10.2 %. C. krusei accounted for 27 of the 56 fluconazole-resistant isolates. The overall voriconazole resistance was 2.5 % and was due mainly to C. glabrata and C. tropicalis isolates. Fluconazole resistance rates for the three categories of infection were similar to the overall value; voriconazole resistance rates differed: 4 % for BSI, 3.2 % for DEEP and 1.4 % for SUP. The antifungal activity of MXP-4509 was superior to voriconazole against C. glabrata and many fluconazole-resistant isolates. There was a large percentage of non-albicans Candida isolates. A large part of the high fluconazole resistance was not acquired but intrinsic, resulting from the high percentage of C. krusei.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Minea
- Advanced Research Centre for Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry "Petru Poni", 700487, Iasi, Romania
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Martins N, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L, Silva S, Henriques M. Candidiasis: Predisposing Factors, Prevention, Diagnosis and Alternative Treatment. Mycopathologia 2014; 177:223-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-014-9749-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Oral microflora and their relation to risk factors in HIV+ patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. J Mycol Med 2013; 23:105-12. [PMID: 23721997 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral microflora and association of oral candidiasis and multiple risk factors in HIV(+) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The present study included 100 HIV-infected patients participated in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran for Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) and HIV. We assessed the presence or absence of OPC, and samples were obtained from the oral cavity and direct microscopic examination, gram staining and culture on standard microbiological media were performed in all patients. CD4(+) cell count/CD4(+) percentage were also calculated. RESULTS The demographic characteristics showed that the patients had a mean age of 32.3 years old, 78% male and 22% female. Patients belonging to 'O(+)' blood group (27%) were more prone to develop OPC. A total of 460 bacterial colonies were obtained and Streptococcus mutans (15.4%) was the most frequently isolated species in the HIV(+) patients, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (12.8%) and Corynebacterium (8.7%). In addition, 254 yeasts (from four different genera) were isolated from the patient under study. Candida species (94.4%) were the most frequently obtained genera, followed by Saccharomyces (2.4%), Kluyveromyces and Cryptococcus (1.6% for both) species. Candida albicans (37.2%) was the most common species isolated from HIV(+) patients with OPC and its frequency was significantly higher than that of other Candida species (P<0.05). Candida glabrata, C. dubliniensis, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, C. lusitaniae, C. guilliermondii and C. norvegensis were also identified. Forty percent of the patients had angular cheilitis as the most frequent clinical variant. The mean CD4(+) cell counts were 154.5 cells/μL, with a range of 8 to 611 cells/μL. Thirty percent patients had a CD4(+) cell count between 101 and 200 cells/μL (28.7% of total yeasts isolated). Yeast and bacteria counts did not differ statistically among HIV(+) patients' subgroups with different levels of CD4(+) cells counts. CONCLUSION Our results showed that yeasts of the genus Candida were isolated at a comparable rate from the oral cavity of HIV(+) patients and there was no significant difference of the variables CD4(+) cell count and yeast counts. The findings of this study would be helpful in any further study, which, if done prospectively on a large cohort, can be confirmatory.
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Atay A, Piskin B, Akin H, Sipahi C, Karakas A, Saracli MA. Evaluation of Candida albicans adherence on the surface of various maxillofacial silicone materials. J Mycol Med 2013; 23:27-32. [PMID: 23375858 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fungal infection resulting from Candida adherence on material surface is one of the most important medical risks for maxillofacial prosthesis wearers. Despite wide usage, there is a sparse data evaluating C. albicans adherence on various commercial maxillofacial silicone materials that have different surface contact angles. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between surface contact angle and fungal adherence on widely used maxillofacial silicone materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three maxillofacial silicone materials titled VST-50, A-2006, and A-2186F were used for fabrication of disc-shaped specimens. Surface contact angle of specimens were measured by the goniometric method. Adhesion quantity of two different C. albicans strains was evaluated with a colorimetric method using XTT/Coenzyme Q0. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis of data. RESULTS The lowest surface contact angle values with the highest Candida adhesion quantity were measured on the specimens fabricated with A-2006 silicone material. Statistically significant differences were found among three maxillofacial silicone materials in terms of both surface contact angle values and adhesion quantity (P<0.01). CONCLUSION There is a close relationship between surface contact angle and quantity of Candida adherence. However, it should be noted that various factors arising from material properties may affect the complex nature of the Candida adhesion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Atay
- Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Department of Prosthodontics, Istanbul, Turkey.
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López C, Bulacio L, Espejo T, Paz M, Pairoba C, Escovich L. Prevalence of chronic hyperplasic candidiasis. Its association to risk factors in an Oral Medicine Service in Rosario, Argentina. J Mycol Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2011.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C López
- CEREMIC (The Mycology Reference Center, Rosario), School of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of Rosario-Argentina: Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
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