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Li YB, Fu Q, Guo M, Du Y, Chen Y, Cheng Y. MicroRNAs: pioneering regulators in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:367. [PMID: 39256358 PMCID: PMC11387755 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-03075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This article delves into Alzheimer's disease (AD), a prevalent neurodegenerative condition primarily affecting the elderly. It is characterized by progressive memory and cognitive impairments, severely disrupting daily life. Recent research highlights the potential involvement of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of AD. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs), short non-coding RNAs comprising 20-24 nucleotides, significantly influence gene regulation by hindering translation or promoting degradation of target genes. This review explores the role of specific miRNAs in AD progression, focusing on their impact on β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide accumulation, intracellular aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the expression of the APOE4 gene. Our insights contribute to understanding AD's pathology, offering new avenues for identifying diagnostic markers and developing novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Bo Li
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Institute of National Security, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Du
- Institute of National Security, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yuewen Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yong Cheng
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
- Institute of National Security, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
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2
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Sharma M, Pal P, Gupta SK. Deciphering the role of miRNAs in Alzheimer's disease: Predictive targeting and pathway modulation - A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 101:102483. [PMID: 39236856 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder, is increasingly understood through the regulatory lens of microRNAs (miRNAs). This review comprehensively examines the pivotal roles of miRNAs in AD pathogenesis, shedding light on their influence across various pathways. We delve into the biogenesis and mechanisms of miRNAs, emphasizing their significant roles in brain function and regulation. The review then navigates the complex landscape of AD pathogenesis, identifying key genetic, environmental, and molecular factors, with a focus on hallmark pathological features like amyloid-beta accumulation and tau protein hyperphosphorylation. Central to our discussion is the intricate involvement of miRNAs in these processes, highlighting their altered expression patterns in AD and subsequent functional implications, from amyloid-beta metabolism to tau pathology, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and synaptic dysfunction. The predictive analysis of miRNA targets using computational methods, complemented by experimental validations, forms a crucial part of our discourse, unraveling the contributions of specific miRNAs to AD. Moreover, we explore the therapeutic potential of miRNAs as biomarkers and in miRNA-based interventions, while addressing the challenges in translating these findings into clinical practice. This review aims to enhance understanding of miRNAs in AD, offering a foundation for future research directions and novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pankaj Pal
- IIMT College of Pharmacy, IIMT Group of Colleges, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sukesh Kumar Gupta
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences (OVAS), School of Medicine, Wayne State University, USA.
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3
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Zhao R. Can exercise benefits be harnessed with drugs? A new way to combat neurodegenerative diseases by boosting neurogenesis. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:36. [PMID: 39049102 PMCID: PMC11271207 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is affected by multiple factors, such as enriched environment, exercise, ageing, and neurodegenerative disorders. Neurodegenerative disorders can impair AHN, leading to progressive neuronal loss and cognitive decline. Compelling evidence suggests that individuals engaged in regular exercise exhibit higher production of proteins that are essential for AHN and memory. Interestingly, specific molecules that mediate the effects of exercise have shown effectiveness in promoting AHN and cognition in different transgenic animal models. Despite these advancements, the precise mechanisms by which exercise mimetics induce AHN remain partially understood. Recently, some novel exercise molecules have been tested and the underlying mechanisms have been proposed, involving intercommunications between multiple organs such as muscle-brain crosstalk, liver-brain crosstalk, and gut-brain crosstalk. In this review, we will discuss the current evidence regarding the effects and potential mechanisms of exercise mimetics on AHN and cognition in various neurological disorders. Opportunities, challenges, and future directions in this research field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renqing Zhao
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, 88 South Daxue Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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4
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de Lourdes Signorini-Souza I, Tureck LV, Batistela MS, Coutinho de Almeida R, Monteiro de Almeida S, Furtado-Alle L, Lehtonen Rodrigues Souza R. The potential of five c-miRNAs as serum biomarkers for Late-Onset Alzheimer's disease diagnosis: miR-10a-5p, miR-29b-2-5p, miR-125a-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-708-5p. Brain Res 2024; 1841:149090. [PMID: 38880411 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The nervous system is rich in miRNAs, indicating an important role of these molecules in regulating processes associated with cognition, memory, and others. Therefore, qualitative and quantitative imbalances involving such miRNAs may be involved in dementia contexts, including Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD). To test the viability of circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) as biomarkers for LOAD, we proceed accordingly to the following reasoning. The first stage was to discover and identify profile of c-miRNAs by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). For this purpose, blood serum samples were used from LOAD patients (n = 5) and cognitively healthy elderly control group (CTRL_CH) (n = 5), all over 70 years old. We identified seven c-miRNAs differentially expressed (p ≤ 0.05) in the serum of LOAD patients compared to CTRL_CH (miR-10a-5p; miR-29b-2-5p; miR-125a-5p; miR-342-3p, miR-708-5p, miR-380-5p and miR-340-3p). Of these, five (p ≤ 0.01) were selected for in silico analysis (miR-10a-5p; miR-29b-2-5p; miR-125a-5p; miR-342-3p, miR-708-5p), for which 44 relevant target genes were found regulated by these c-miRNAs and related to LOAD. Through the analysis of these target genes in databases, it was possible to observe that they have functions related to the development and progress of LOAD, directly or indirectly connecting the different Alzheimer's pathways. Thus, this work found five promising serum c-miRNAs as options for biomarkers contributing to LOAD diagnosis. Our study shows the complex network between these molecules and LOAD, supporting the relevance of studies using c-miRNAs in dementia contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora de Lourdes Signorini-Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics. Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil
| | - Luciane Viater Tureck
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics. Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil
| | - Meire Silva Batistela
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics. Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lupe Furtado-Alle
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics. Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Lehtonen Rodrigues Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics. Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil.
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5
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Sharma M, Tanwar AK, Purohit PK, Pal P, Kumar D, Vaidya S, Prajapati SK, Kumar A, Dhama N, Kumar S, Gupta SK. Regulatory roles of microRNAs in modulating mitochondrial dynamics, amyloid beta fibrillation, microglial activation, and cholinergic signaling: Implications for alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 161:105685. [PMID: 38670299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) remains a formidable challenge due to its complex pathology, notably involving mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulated microRNA (miRNA) signaling. This study delves into the underexplored realm of miRNAs' impact on mitochondrial dynamics and their interplay with amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation and tau pathology in AD. Addressing identified gaps, our research utilizes advanced molecular techniques and AD models, alongside patient miRNA profiles, to uncover miRNAs pivotal in mitochondrial regulation. We illuminate novel miRNAs influencing mitochondrial dynamics, Aβ, and tau, offering insights into their mechanistic roles in AD progression. Our findings not only enhance understanding of AD's molecular underpinnings but also spotlight miRNAs as promising therapeutic targets. By elucidating miRNAs' roles in mitochondrial dysfunction and their interactions with hallmark AD pathologies, our work proposes innovative strategies for AD therapy, aiming to mitigate disease progression through targeted miRNA modulation. This contribution marks a significant step toward novel AD treatments, emphasizing the potential of miRNAs in addressing this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ankur Kumar Tanwar
- Department of Pharmacy, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Pankaj Pal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, NMIMS School of Pharmacy and Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Shirpur Campus, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sandeep Vaidya
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Aadesh Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Dhama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sokindra Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sukesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences (OVAS), School of Medicine, Wayne State University, USA.
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6
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Paniri A, Hosseini MM, Akhavan-Niaki H. Alzheimer's Disease-Related Epigenetic Changes: Novel Therapeutic Targets. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1282-1317. [PMID: 37700216 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03626-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), although the precise mechanism and molecular basis of AD are not yet fully understood. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, mitochondrial DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), play a role in regulating gene expression related to neuron plasticity and integrity, which are closely associated with learning and memory development. This review describes the impact of dynamic and reversible epigenetic modifications and factors on memory and plasticity throughout life, emphasizing their potential as target for therapeutic intervention in AD. Additionally, we present insight from postmortem and animal studies on abnormal epigenetics regulation in AD, as well as current strategies aiming at targeting these factors in the context of AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Paniri
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Zoonoses Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran
| | | | - Haleh Akhavan-Niaki
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
- Zoonoses Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran.
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7
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Zhao R. Exercise mimetics: a novel strategy to combat neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:40. [PMID: 38308368 PMCID: PMC10837901 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by the stimulation of resident immune cells of the brain and the penetration of peripheral immune cells. These inflammatory processes facilitate the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Managing neuroinflammation to restore immune homeostasis and decrease neuronal damage is a therapeutic approach for AD. One way to achieve this is through exercise, which can improve brain function and protect against neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and synaptic dysfunction in AD models. The neuroprotective impact of exercise is regulated by various molecular factors that can be activated in the same way as exercise by the administration of their mimetics. Recent evidence has proven some exercise mimetics effective in alleviating neuroinflammation and AD, and, additionally, they are a helpful alternative option for patients who are unable to perform regular physical exercise to manage neurodegenerative disorders. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge on exercise mimetics, including their efficacy, regulatory mechanisms, progress, challenges, limitations, and future guidance for their application in AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renqing Zhao
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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8
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Kamranfar F, Jaktaji RP, Shirani K, Jamshidi A, Samiei F, Arjmand A, Khoramjouy M, Faizi M, Pourahmad J. Protective effect of a standardized Allium jesdianum extract in an Alzheimer's disease induced rat model. Neurosci Lett 2023; 815:137491. [PMID: 37734531 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disorder with multiple underlying mechanisms. Existing treatment options mostly address symptom management and are associated with numerous side effects. Therefore, exploring alternative therapeutic agents derived from medicinal plants, which contain various bioactive compounds with diverse pharmacological effects, holds promise for AD treatment. This study aims to assess the protective effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Allium jesdianum on cognitive dysfunction, mitochondrial and cellular parameters, as well as genetic parameters in an intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin (icv-STZ) induced rat model of AD. Male Wistar rats were injected with a single dose of STZ (3 mg/kg, icv) to establish a sporadic AD model. A. jesdianum extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day) and donepezil (5 mg/kg/day) were orally administered for 14 days following model induction. Cognitive function was evaluated using the radial arm water maze test. Mitochondrial toxicity parameters in various brain regions (whole brain, frontal cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum) were assessed. Gene expression analysis of miR-330, miR-132, Bax, and Bcl-2 in isolated rat brain neurons was performed using RT-qPCR. A. jesdianum extract significantly attenuated cognitive dysfunction and mitigated mitochondrial toxicity induced by icv-STZ administration. Following STZ injection, there was upregulation of Bax gene expression and downregulation of miR-330, miR-132, and Bcl-2 gene expression. Treatment with A. jesdianum extract resulted in the reversal of the expression of these microRNAs and genes, indicating its potential for improving AD and reducing neuronal apoptosis. This study demonstrates the neuroprotective capabilities of A. jesdianum against STZ-induced oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in rats, highlighting its therapeutic potential in the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Kamranfar
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155‑6153, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kobra Shirani
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Jamshidi
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Samiei
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155‑6153, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Arjmand
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155‑6153, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Khoramjouy
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Faizi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155‑6153, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155‑6153, Tehran, Iran.
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Bhatnagar D, Ladhe S, Kumar D. Discerning the Prospects of miRNAs as a Multi-Target Therapeutic and Diagnostic for Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5954-5974. [PMID: 37386272 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03446-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Although over the last few decades, numerous attempts have been made to halt Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression and mitigate its symptoms, only a few have been proven beneficial. Most medications available, still only cater to the symptoms of the disease rather than fixing the cause at the root level. A novel approach involving the use of miRNAs, which work on the principle of gene silencing, is being explored by scientists. Naturally present miRNAs in the biological system help to regulate various genes than may be implicated in AD-like BACE-1 and APP. One miRNA thus, holds the power to keep a check on several genes, conferring it the ability to be used as a multi-target therapeutic. With aging and the onset of diseased pathology, dysregulation of these miRNAs is observed. This flawed miRNA expression is responsible for the unusual buildup of amyloid proteins, fibrillation of tau proteins in the brain, neuronal death and other hallmarks leading to AD. The use of miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors provides an attractive perspective for fixing the upregulation and downregulation of miRNAs that led to abnormal cellular activities. Furthermore, the detection of miRNAs in the CSF and serum of diseased patients might be considered an earlier biomarker for the disease. While most of the therapies designed around AD have not succeeded completely, the targeting of dysregulated miRNAs in AD patients might give a new direction to scholars to develop an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devyani Bhatnagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University), Erandwane, Pune, 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shreya Ladhe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University), Erandwane, Pune, 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University), Erandwane, Pune, 411038, Maharashtra, India.
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Singh R, Hussain J, Kaur A, Jamdare BG, Pathak D, Garg K, Kaur R, Shankar S, Sunkaria A. The hidden players: Shedding light on the significance of post-translational modifications and miRNAs in Alzheimer's disease development. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102002. [PMID: 37423542 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent, expensive, lethal, and burdening neurodegenerative disease of this century. The initial stages of this disease are characterized by a reduced ability to encode and store new memories. Subsequent cognitive and behavioral deterioration occurs during the later stages. Abnormal cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) resulting in amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation along with hyperphosphorylation of tau protein are the two characteristic hallmarks of AD. Recently, several post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been identified on both Aβ as well as tau proteins. However, a complete understanding of how different PTMs influence the structure and function of proteins in both healthy and diseased conditions is still lacking. It has been speculated that these PTMs might play vital roles in the progression of AD. In addition, several short non-coding microRNA (miRNA) sequences have been found to be deregulated in the peripheral blood of Alzheimer patients. The miRNAs are single-stranded RNAs that control gene expression by causing mRNA degradation, deadenylation, or translational repression and have been implicated in the regulation of several neuronal and glial activities. The lack of comprehensive understanding regarding disease mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets greatly hampers the development of effective strategies for early diagnosis and the identification of viable therapeutic targets. Moreover, existing treatment options for managing the disease have proven to be ineffective and provide only temporary relief. Therefore, understanding the role of miRNAs and PTMs in AD can provide valuable insights into disease mechanisms, aid in the identification of biomarkers, facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic targets, and inspire innovative treatments for this challenging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Julfequar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Balaji Gokul Jamdare
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Deepti Pathak
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Kanchan Garg
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Ramanpreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Shivani Shankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Aditya Sunkaria
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
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11
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Zhang R, Akhtar N, Wani AK, Raza K, Kaushik V. Discovering Deleterious Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Human AKT1 Oncogene: An In Silico Study. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1532. [PMID: 37511907 PMCID: PMC10381612 DOI: 10.3390/life13071532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AKT1 is a serine/threonine kinase necessary for the mediation of apoptosis, angiogenesis, metabolism, and cell proliferation in both normal and cancerous cells. The mutations in the AKT1 gene have been associated with different types of cancer. Further, the AKT1 gene mutations are also reported to be associated with other diseases such as Proteus syndrome and Cowden syndromes. Hence, this study aims to identify the deleterious AKT1 missense SNPs and predict their effect on the function and structure of the AKT1 protein using various computational tools. METHODS Extensive in silico approaches were applied to identify deleterious SNPs of the human AKT1 gene and assessment of their impact on the function and structure of the AKT1 protein. The association of these highly deleterious missense SNPs with different forms of cancers was also analyzed. The in silico approach can help in reducing the cost and time required to identify SNPs associated with diseases. RESULTS In this study, 12 highly deleterious SNPs were identified which could affect the structure and function of the AKT1 protein. Out of the 12, four SNPs-namely, G157R, G159V, G336D, and H265Y-were predicted to be located at highly conserved residues. G157R could affect the ligand binding to the AKT1 protein. Another highly deleterious SNP, R273Q, was predicted to be associated with liver cancer. CONCLUSIONS This study can be useful for pharmacogenomics, molecular diagnosis of diseases, and developing inhibitors of the AKT1 oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Atif Khurshid Wani
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Khalid Raza
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Vikas Kaushik
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
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12
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Direct targeting of DOCK4 by miRNA-181d in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-mediated neuronal injury. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:34. [PMID: 36882763 PMCID: PMC9990210 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01794-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The miRNA-181 (miR-181) family regulates neuronal persistence during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI). Since the effect of miR-181d on CI/RI has never been studied, the current work sought to determine the involvement of miR-181d in neuronal apoptosis after brain I/R injury. To replicate in vivo and in vitro CI/RI, a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model in rats and an oxygen-glucose deficiency/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in neuro 2A cells were developed. In both in vivo and in vitro stroke models, the expression of miR-181d was considerably higher. miR-181d suppression reduced apoptosis and oxidative stress in OGD/R-treated neuroblastoma cells, but miR-181d overexpression increased both. Furthermore, it was observed that miR-181d has a direct target in dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4). The overexpression of DOCK4 partially overcame cell apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by miR-181d upregulation and OGD/R injury. Furthermore, the DOCK4 rs2074130 mutation was related to lower DOCK4 levels in ischemic stroke (IS) peripheral blood and higher susceptibility to IS. These findings suggest that downregulating miR-181d protects neurons from ischemic damage by targeting DOCK4, implying that the miR-181d/DOCK4 axis might be a novel therapeutic target for IS.
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Zhu D, Zhang J, Gao F, Hu M, Hashem J, Chen C. Augmentation of 2-arachidonoylglycerol signaling in astrocytes maintains synaptic functionality by regulation of miRNA-30b. Exp Neurol 2023; 361:114292. [PMID: 36481187 PMCID: PMC9892245 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), the most abundant endocannabinoid, displays anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Inhibition of 2-AG degradation by inactivation of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), a key enzyme degrading 2-AG in the brain, alleviates neuropathology and improves synaptic and cognitive functions in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, global inactivation of MAGL by genetic deletion of mgll enhances hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which chronic inactivation of MAGL enhances synaptic activity is still limited. Here, we provide evidence that pharmacological inactivation of MAGL suppresses hippocampal expression of miR-30b, a small non-coding microRNA, and upregulates expression of its targets, including ephrin type-B receptor 2 (ephB2), sirtuin1 (sirt1), and glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2 (GluA2). Importantly, suppression of miR-30b and increase of its targets by inactivation of MAGL result primarily from inhibition of 2-AG metabolism in astrocytes, rather than in neurons. Inactivation of MAGL in astrocytes prevents miR-30b overexpression-induced impairments in synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus. Suppression of miR-30b expression by inactivation of MAGL is apparently associated with augmentation of 2-AG signaling, as 2-AG induces a dose-dependent decrease in expression of miR-30b. 2-AG- or MAGL inactivation-suppressed expression of miR-30b is not mediated via CB1R, but by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). This is further supported by the results showing that MAGL inactivation-induced downregulation of miR-30b and upregulation of its targets are attenuated by antagonism of PPARγ, but mimicked by PPARγ agonists. In addition, we observed that 2-AG-induced reduction of miR-30b expression is mediated via NF-kB signaling. Our study provides evidence that 2-AG signaling in astrocytes plays an important role in maintaining the functional integrity of synapses in the hippocampus by regulation of miR-30b expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexiao Zhu
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Mei Hu
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jack Hashem
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Intrahippocampal Inoculation of Aβ 1-42 Peptide in Rat as a Model of Alzheimer's Disease Identified MicroRNA-146a-5p as Blood Marker with Anti-Inflammatory Function in Astrocyte Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050694. [PMID: 36899831 PMCID: PMC10000752 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have aroused a lot of interest as reliable blood diagnostic biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we investigated the panel of expressed blood miRNAs in response to aggregated Aβ1-42 peptides infused in the hippocampus of adult rats to mimic events of the early onset of non-familial AD disorder. Aβ1-42 peptides in the hippocampus led to cognitive impairments associated with an astrogliosis and downregulation of circulating miRNA-146a-5p, -29a-3p, -29c-3p, -125b-5p, and-191-5p. We established the kinetics of expression of selected miRNAs and found differences with those detected in the APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mouse model. Of note, miRNA-146a-5p was exclusively dysregulated in the Aβ-induced AD model. The treatment of primary astrocytes with Aβ1-42 peptides led to miRNA-146a-5p upregulation though the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which in turn downregulated IRAK-1 but not TRAF-6 expression. As a consequence, no induction of IL-1β, IL-6, or TNF-α was detected. Astrocytes treated with a miRNA-146-5p inhibitor rescued IRAK-1 and changed TRAF-6 steady-state levels that correlated with the induction of IL-6, IL-1β, and CXCL1 production, indicating that miRNA-146a-5p operates anti-inflammatory functions through a NF-κB pathway negative feedback loop. Overall, we report a panel of circulating miRNAs that correlated with Aβ1-42 peptides' presence in the hippocampus and provide mechanistic insights into miRNA-146a-5p biological function in the development of the early stage of sporadic AD.
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Wu X, Yang H, Lin H, Suo A, Wu S, Xie W, Zhou N, Guo S, Ding H, Zhou G, Qiu Z, Shi H, Yang J, Zheng Y. Characterizing microRNA editing and mutation sites in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1105278. [PMID: 36743290 PMCID: PMC9895120 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1105278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose pathogenesis is still unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of genes. Recent researches show that miRNAs are edited in multiple ways especially in central nervous systems. A-to-I editing of RNA catalyzed by Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) happens intensively in brain and is also noticed in other organs and tissues. Although miRNAs are widely edited in human brain, miRNA editing in ASD is still largely unexplored. In order to reveal the editing events of miRNAs in ASD, we analyzed 131 miRNA-seq samples from 8 different brain regions of ASD patients and normal controls. We identified 834 editing sites with significant editing levels, of which 70 sites showed significantly different editing levels in the superior frontal gyrus samples of ASD patients (ASD-SFG) when compared with those of control samples. The editing level of an A-to-I editing site in hsa-mir-376a-1 (hsa-mir-376a-1_9_A_g) in ASD-SFG is higher than that of normal controls, and the difference is exaggerated in individuals under 10 years. The increased expression of ADAR1 is consistent with the increased editing level of hsa-mir-376a-1_9_A_g in ASD-SFG samples compared to normal SFG samples. Furthermore, we verify that A-to-I edited hsa-mir-376a-5p directly represses GPR85 and NAPB, which may contribute to the abnormal neuronal development of ASD patients. These results provide new insights into the mechanism of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Huaide Yang
- Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Han Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Angbaji Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shiyong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guangchen Zhou
- Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhichao Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Criminal Investigation, Yunnan Police College, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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16
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Non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis: Immunologic and genetic markers. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 538:70-86. [PMID: 36375526 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis, a benign gynecologic and chronic inflammatory disease, is defined by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus characterized mainly by pelvic pain and infertility. Because endometriosis affects approximately 10% of females, it represents a significant socioeconomic burden worldwide having tremendous impact on daily quality of life. Accurate and prompt diagnosis is crucial for the management of this debilitating disorder. Unfortunately, diagnosis is typically delayed to lack of specific symptoms and readily accessible biomarkers. Although histopathologic examination remains the current gold standard, this approach is highly invasive and not applicable for early screening. Recent work has focused on the identification of reliable biomarkers including immunologic, ie, immune cells, antibodies and cytokines, as well as genetic and biochemical markers, ie, microRNAs, lncRNAs, circulating and mitochondrial nucleic acids, along with some hormones, glycoproteins and signaling molecules. Confirmatory research studies are, however, needed to more fully establish these markers in the diagnosis, progression and staging of these endometrial lesions.
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Raval M, Mishra S, Tiwari AK. Epigenetic regulons in Alzheimer's disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 198:185-247. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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18
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Guo F, Li Q, Zhang X, Liu Y, Jiang J, Cheng S, Yu S, Zhang X, Liu F, Li Y, Rose G, Zhang H. Applications of Carbon Dots for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6621-6638. [PMID: 36582459 PMCID: PMC9793737 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s388030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There are currently approximately 50 million victims of Alzheimer's disease (AD) worldwide. The exact cause of the disease is unknown at this time, but amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain are hallmarks of the disease. Current drug treatments for AD may slow the progression of the disease and improve the quality of life of patients, but they are often only minimally effective and are not cures. A major obstacle to developing and delivering more effective drug therapies is the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents many compounds with therapeutic potential from reaching the central nervous system. Nanotechnology may provide a solution to this problem. Among the medical nanomaterials currently being studied, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted widespread attention because of their ability to cross the BBB, non-toxicity, and potential for drug/gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingman Li
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Child Cognition & Behavior Development of Hainan Province, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, 571127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiheng Liu
- Haikou Hospital Affiliated to Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou, 570208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Scientific Experiment Center of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuanghuai Cheng
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si Yu
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingfang Zhang
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China,The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 570102, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Laboratory Department, Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fujian, 353006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiying Li
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gregory Rose
- Departments of Anatomy and Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA,Correspondence: Gregory Rose, Departments of Anatomy and Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA, Tel +1 618-303-6503, Email
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China,Haiying Zhang, Public Research Laboratory of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13907533247, Email
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19
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Activation, p53, and Autophagy Inhibition Characterize the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike Protein Induced Neurotoxicity. Cureus 2022; 14:e32361. [PMID: 36514706 PMCID: PMC9733976 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein and prions use common pathogenic pathways to induce toxicity in neurons. Infectious prions rapidly activate the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins rapidly activate both the p38 MAPK and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways through toll-like receptor signaling, indicating the potential for similar neurotoxicity, causing prion and prion-like disease. In this review, we analyze the roles of autophagy inhibition, molecular mimicry, elevated intracellular p53 levels and reduced Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) and dual-specificity phosphatase (DUSP) expression in neurons in the disease process. The pathways induced by the spike protein via toll-like receptor activation induce both the upregulation of PrPC (the normal isoform of the prion protein, PrP) and the expression of β amyloid. Through the spike-protein-dependent elevation of p53 levels via β amyloid metabolism, increased PrPC expression can lead to PrP misfolding and impaired autophagy, generating prion disease. We conclude that, according to the age of the spike protein-exposed patient and the state of their cellular autophagy activity, excess sustained activity of p53 in neurons may be a catalytic factor in neurodegeneration. An autoimmune reaction via molecular mimicry likely also contributes to neurological symptoms. Overall results suggest that neurodegeneration is in part due to the intensity and duration of spike protein exposure, patient advanced age, cellular autophagy activity, and activation, function and regulation of p53. Finally, the neurologically damaging effects can be cumulatively spike-protein dependent, whether exposure is by natural infection or, more substantially, by repeated mRNA vaccination.
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Huang Z, Wang H, Wang D, Zhao X, Liu W, Zhong X, He D, Mu B, Lu M. Identification of core genes in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease based on mRNA‐miRNA network. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5779-5793. [DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐Hang Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Hai Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
- School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Dong‐Mei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Xiu‐Yun Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Wen‐Wen Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Dong‐Mei He
- School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Ben‐Rong Mu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Mei‐Hong Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
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21
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Naseer S, Abelleira-Hervas L, Savani D, de Burgh R, Aleksynas R, Donat CK, Syed N, Sastre M. Traumatic Brain Injury Leads to Alterations in Contusional Cortical miRNAs Involved in Dementia. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1457. [PMID: 36291666 PMCID: PMC9599474 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that head injury is a significant environmental risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and that a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) accelerates the onset of AD. Amyloid-β plaques and tau aggregates have been observed in the post-mortem brains of TBI patients; however, the mechanisms leading to AD neuropathology in TBI are still unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that focal TBI induces changes in miRNA expression in and around affected areas, resulting in the altered expression of genes involved in neurodegeneration and AD pathology. For this purpose, we performed a miRNA array in extracts from rats subjected to experimental TBI, using the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model. In and around the contusion, we observed alterations of miRNAs associated with dementia/AD, compared to the contralateral side. Specifically, the expression of miR-9 was significantly upregulated, while miR-29b, miR-34a, miR-106b, miR-181a and miR-107 were downregulated. Via qPCR, we confirmed these results in an additional group of injured rats when compared to naïve animals. Interestingly, the changes in those miRNAs were concomitant with alterations in the gene expression of mRNAs involved in amyloid generation and tau pathology, such as β-APP cleaving enzyme (BACE1) and Glycogen synthase-3-β (GSK3β). In addition increased levels of neuroinflammatory markers (TNF-α), glial activation, neuronal loss, and tau phosphorylation were observed in pericontusional areas. Therefore, our results suggest that the secondary injury cascade in TBI affects miRNAs regulating the expression of genes involved in AD dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Magdalena Sastre
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
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22
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Khan I, Preeti K, Fernandes V, Khatri DK, Singh SB. Role of MicroRNAs, Aptamers in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022; 42:2075-2095. [PMID: 33934227 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the microRNAs and aptamers for their therapeutic role as biological drugs has expanded the horizon of its applicability against various human diseases, explicitly targeting the genetic materials. RNA-based therapeutics are widely being explored for the treatment and diagnosis of multiple diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders (NDD). Latter includes microRNA, aptamers, ribozymes, and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which control the gene expression mainly at the transcriptional strata. One RNA transcript translates into different protein types; hence, therapies targeted at the transcriptional sphere may have prominent and more extensive effects than alternative therapeutics. Unlike conventional gene therapy, RNAs, upon delivery, can either altogether abolish or alter the synthesis of the protein of interest, therefore, regulating their activities in a controlled and diverse manner. NDDs like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, Prion disease, and others are characterized by deposition of misfolded protein such as amyloid-ß, tau, α-synuclein, huntingtin and prion proteins. Neuroinflammation, one of the perquisites for neurodegeneration, is induced during neurodegenerative pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss microRNAs and aptamers' role as two different RNA-based approaches for their unique ability to regulate protein production at the transcription level, hence offering many advantages over other biologicals. The microRNA acts either by alleviating the malfunctioning RNA expression or by working as a replacement to lost microRNA. On the contrary, aptamer act as a chemical antibody and forms an aptamer-target complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islauddin Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Kumari Preeti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Valencia Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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Song L, Chen J, Lo CYZ, Guo Q, Feng J, Zhao XM. Impaired type I interferon signaling activity implicated in the peripheral blood transcriptome of preclinical Alzheimer's disease. EBioMedicine 2022; 82:104175. [PMID: 35863293 PMCID: PMC9304603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Subjective or objective subtle cognitive decline (SCD) is considered the preclinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is a potentially crucial window for preventing or delaying the progression of the disease. Methods To explore the potential mechanism of disease progression and identify relevant biomarkers, we comprehensively assessed the peripheral blood transcriptomic alterations in SCD, covering lncRNA, mRNA, and miRNA. Findings Dysregulated protein-coding mRNA at both gene and isoform levels implicated impairment in the type I interferon signaling pathway in SCD. Specifically, this pathway was regulated by the transcription factor STAT1 and ncRNAs NRIR and has-miR-146a-5p. The miRNA-mRNA-lncRNA co-expression network revealed hub genes for the interferon module. Individuals with lower interferon signaling activity and lower expression of a hub gene STAT1 exhibited a higher conversion rate to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Interpretation Our findings illustrated the down-regulation of interferon signaling activity would potentially increase the risk of disease progression and thus serve as a pre-disease biomarker. Funding This work was partly supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFA0712403), National Natural Science Foundation of China (61932008), Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2018SHZDZX01), the 111 Project (No. B18015) of China, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou) (Grand No. IPM21C008), Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (21ZR1403200), and Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology.
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Zhou J, Benoit M, Sharoar MG. Recent advances in pre-clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1703-1725. [PMID: 33900524 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00733-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia with currently no known cures or disease modifying treatments (DMTs), despite much time and effort from the field. Diagnosis and intervention of AD during the early pre-symptomatic phase of the disease is thought to be a more effective strategy. Therefore, the detection of biomarkers has emerged as a critical tool for monitoring the effect of new AD therapies, as well as identifying patients most likely to respond to treatment. The establishment of the amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration (A/T/N) framework in 2018 has codified the contexts of use of AD biomarkers in neuroimaging and bodily fluids for research and diagnostic purposes. Furthermore, a renewed drive for novel AD biomarkers and innovative methods of detection has emerged with the goals of adding additional insight to disease progression and discovery of new therapeutic targets. The use of biomarkers has accelerated the development of AD drugs and will bring new therapies to patients in need. This review highlights recent methods utilized to diagnose antemortem AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Marc Benoit
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Md Golam Sharoar
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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Yang Y, Wang L, Zhang C, Guo Y, Li J, Wu C, Jiao J, Zheng H. Ginsenoside Rg1 improves Alzheimer's disease by regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation through Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 99:884-896. [PMID: 35313087 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that can cause cognitive impairment. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has a significant neuroprotective effect on animals with memory impairment. However, the mechanism of how Rg1 mediates the Wnt signaling pathway and improves cognitive function by regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation is still unclear. In this study, the spatial memory ability of tree shrews was tested by Morris water maze, the expression levels of amyloid protein (Aβ1-42), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (iba-1), nitrotyrosine (NT), and 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHG) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the activity of catalase (CAT) and the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was, respectively, measured by the ammonium molybdate method and the 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid). Furthermore, the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was determined by the thiobarbituric acid test. Finally, the expression levels of Beta-secretase (BACE1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), BCL2-Associated X (Bax), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), caspase-anti-apoptotic factor Cleaved-caspase-3 (Caspase-3), microtubule-associated proteins 2 (MAP2), Neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN), as well as the phosphorylation of GSK-3β and β-catenin were detected by Western blot. This study implied that Rg1 reduced the phosphorylation of Tau protein, the deposition of Aβ1-42, and the expression of BACE1. It also showed that Rg1 increased the antioxidant activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, and instead reduced the oxidation products of NT, 8-OHG, and MDA, as wells as the inflammatory factor interleukin-1 and iba-1. It further showed that Rg1 increased the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax and expression of neuronal markers MAP2 and NeuN, but instead reduced the expression of Caspase-3, GSK-3β, and β-catenin. In conclusion, by regulating the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, Rg1 of moderate and high dose could alleviate oxidative stress damage, improve neuroinflammation, protect neurons, finally improve the cognitive impairment of the AD tree shrew. This study provides theoretical basis for the Rg1 clinical application in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Caijun Zhang
- Experiment Center of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuqian Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Medical Sergeant School, Army Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jintao Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Ion Medical Center, Hefei, China
| | - Jianlin Jiao
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Yasmeen N, Datta M, Kumar V, Alshehri FS, Almalki AH, Haque S. Deciphering the Link Between ERUPR Signaling and MicroRNA in Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:880167. [PMID: 35615589 PMCID: PMC9126300 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.880167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative proteinopathic disease. The deposits of misfolded Amyloid β and Tau proteins in the brain of patients with AD suggest an imbalance in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis. ER stress is due to accumulation of aberrant proteins in the ER lumen, which then leads to activation of three sensor protein pathways that ultimately evokes the adaptive mechanism of the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR mechanism operates via adaptive UPR and the apoptotic UPR. Adaptive UPR tries to restore imbalance in ER hemostasis by decreasing protein production, enhanced chaperone involvement to restore protein folding, misfolded protein decay by proteasome, and suppression of ribosomal translation ultimately relieving the excessive protein load in the ER. Subsequently, apoptotic UPR activated under severe ER stress conditions triggers cell death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding protein causing dysregulated translational of mRNAs in a sequential manner. They are considered to be critical elements in the maintenance of numerous cellular activities, hemostasis, and developmental processes. Therefore, upregulation or downregulation of miRNA expression is implicated in several pathogenic processes. Evidence from scientific studies suggest a strong correlation between ERUPR signaling and miRNA dysregulation but the research done is still dormant. In this review, we summarized the cross-talk between ER stress, and the UPR signaling processes and their role in AD pathology by scrutinizing and collecting information from original research and review articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrath Yasmeen
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Manali Datta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Vikram Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
- *Correspondence: Vikram Kumar, ;
| | - Fahad S. Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atiah H. Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey
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Electrochemical aptamer-based nanobiosensors for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 135:112689. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Sokolik VV, Berchenko OH, Kolyada OK, Shulga SM. Direct and Indirect Action of Liposomal Form of MIR-101 on Cells in the Experimental Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721060141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chandrasekaran AR, Halvorsen K. DNA-Based Smart Reagent for Detecting Alzheimer's Associated MicroRNAs. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3176-3181. [PMID: 34491722 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, with significant research efforts devoted to identifying new biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and treatment. MicroRNAs have emerged as likely disease regulators and biomarkers for AD, now implicated as having roles in several biological processes related to progression of the disease. In this work, we use the miRacles assay (microRNA activated conditional looping of engineered switches) for single-step detection of AD-related microRNAs. The technology is based on conformationally responsive DNA nanoswitches that loop upon recognition of a target microRNA and report their on/off status through an electrophoretic readout. Unlike many methods, our approach directly detects native microRNAs without amplification or labeling, eliminating the need for expensive enzymes, reagents, and equipment. For known AD-related microRNA miR-107, we demonstrated sensitivity of ∼8 fM, specificity among four similar microRNAs of the same family, and simultaneous multiplexed detection of those four microRNA targets. Toward clinical use, we screened 56 AD-related microRNAs and found four that showed detectable differences between total RNA extracts derived from human healthy and AD brain samples. In the context of AD, this "smart reagent" could facilitate biomarker discovery, accelerate efforts to understand the role of microRNAs in AD, and have clinical potential as a diagnostic or monitoring tool for validated biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Richard Chandrasekaran
- The RNA Institute, University of Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Ken Halvorsen
- The RNA Institute, University of Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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Subramanian M, Hyeon SJ, Das T, Suh YS, Kim YK, Lee JS, Song EJ, Ryu H, Yu K. UBE4B, a microRNA-9 target gene, promotes autophagy-mediated Tau degradation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3291. [PMID: 34078905 PMCID: PMC8172564 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23597-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of hyperphosphorylated intracellular Tau tangles in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Tau hyperphosphorylation destabilizes microtubules, promoting neurodegeneration in AD patients. To identify suppressors of tau-mediated AD, we perform a screen using a microRNA (miR) library in Drosophila and identify the miR-9 family as suppressors of human tau overexpression phenotypes. CG11070, a miR-9a target gene, and its mammalian orthologue UBE4B, an E3/E4 ubiquitin ligase, alleviate eye neurodegeneration, synaptic bouton defects, and crawling phenotypes in Drosophila human tau overexpression models. Total and phosphorylated Tau levels also decrease upon CG11070 or UBE4B overexpression. In mammalian neuroblastoma cells, overexpression of UBE4B and STUB1, which encodes the E3 ligase CHIP, increases the ubiquitination and degradation of Tau. In the Tau-BiFC mouse model, UBE4B and STUB1 overexpression also increase oligomeric Tau degradation. Inhibitor assays of the autophagy and proteasome systems reveal that the autophagy-lysosome system is the major pathway for Tau degradation in this context. These results demonstrate that UBE4B, a miR-9 target gene, promotes autophagy-mediated Tau degradation together with STUB1, and is thus an innovative therapeutic approach for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manivannan Subramanian
- grid.249967.70000 0004 0636 3099Metabolism and Neurophysiology Research Group, KRIBB, Daejeon, Korea ,grid.511114.1Convergence Research Center of Dementia, KIST, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Jae Hyeon
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tanuza Das
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Biomedical Research Institute, KIST, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Suh
- grid.249967.70000 0004 0636 3099Metabolism and Neurophysiology Research Group, KRIBB, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Kim
- grid.511114.1Convergence Research Center of Dementia, KIST, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- grid.249967.70000 0004 0636 3099Metabolism and Neurophysiology Research Group, KRIBB, Daejeon, Korea ,grid.511114.1Convergence Research Center of Dementia, KIST, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Song
- grid.255649.90000 0001 2171 7754Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoon Ryu
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, KIST, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kweon Yu
- grid.249967.70000 0004 0636 3099Metabolism and Neurophysiology Research Group, KRIBB, Daejeon, Korea ,grid.511114.1Convergence Research Center of Dementia, KIST, Seoul, Korea ,grid.412786.e0000 0004 1791 8264Department of Functional Genomics, UST, Daejeon, Korea
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Li S, Wang Y, Wang M, Chen L, Chen S, Deng F, Zhu P, Hu W, Chen X, Zhao B, Ma G, Li Y. microRNA-186 alleviates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced injury by directly targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:1-11. [PMID: 33759271 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that microRNA-186 (miR-186) can be induced under hypoxic conditions, and is associated with apoptosis. This study was undertaken to explore the exact role of this microRNA (miRNA) in the apoptotic death of neurons during cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury. To model cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries, we utilized a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion approach in rats, as well as a model of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in Neuro2a cells. We found that in both in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral I/R injuries, levels of miR-186 were markedly decreased. When we overexpressed miR-186, this was associated with a reduction in the apoptotic death of neuroblastoma cells in the OGD/R model system, whereas the opposite was true when this miRNA was instead inhibited. We further found miR-186 to directly target hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) by interacting with the 3'-untranslated region of this mRNA. When we knocked down HIF-1α, this partially overcame the apoptotic death of cells in response to OGD/R injury and associated miR-186 downregulation. Our findings indicate that miR-186 is able to reduce ischemic injury to neurons at least in part through downregulating HIF-1α, suggesting that the miR-186/HIF-1α axis is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Maternal and Children's Health Research Institute, Shunde Maternal and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shunde, China
| | - Mengxu Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Linfa Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shaofeng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fu Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Peiyi Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Weidong Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xinglan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guoda Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Maternal and Children's Health Research Institute, Shunde Maternal and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shunde, China
| | - You Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Ryan M, Tan VTY, Thompson N, Guévremont D, Mockett BG, Tate WP, Abraham WC, Hughes SM, Williams J. Lentivirus-Mediated Expression of Human Secreted Amyloid Precursor Protein-Alpha Promotes Long-Term Induction of Neuroprotective Genes and Pathways in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:1075-1090. [PMID: 33386801 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secreted amyloid precursor protein-alpha (sAPPα) can enhance memory and is neurotrophic and neuroprotective across a range of disease-associated insults, including amyloid-β toxicity. In a significant step toward validating sAPPα as a therapeutic for Alzheimer's disease (AD), we demonstrated that long-term overexpression of human sAPPα (for 8 months) in a mouse model of amyloidosis (APP/PS1) could prevent the behavioral and electrophysiological deficits that develop in these mice. OBJECTIVE To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the significant physiological and behavioral improvements observed in sAPPα-treated APP/PS1 mice. METHODS We assessed the long-term effects on the hippocampal transcriptome following continuous lentiviral delivery of sAPPα or empty-vector to male APP/PS1 mice and wild-type controls using Affymetrix Mouse Transcriptome Assays. Data analysis was carried out within the Affymetrix Transcriptome Analysis Console and an integrated analysis of the resulting transcriptomic data was performed with Ingenuity Pathway analysis (IPA). RESULTS Mouse transcriptome assays revealed expected AD-associated gene expression changes in empty-vector APP/PS1 mice, providing validation of the assays used for the analysis. By contrast, there were specific sAPPα-associated gene expression profiles which included increases in key neuroprotective genes such as Decorin, betaine-GABA transporter and protocadherin beta-5, subsequently validated by qRT-PCR. An integrated biological pathways analysis highlighted regulation of GABA receptor signaling, cell survival and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, upstream gene regulatory analysis implicated sAPPα activation of Interleukin-4, which can counteract inflammatory changes in AD. CONCLUSION This study identified key molecular processes that likely underpin the long-term neuroprotective and therapeutic effects of increasing sAPPα levels in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Ryan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Valerie T Y Tan
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nasya Thompson
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Diane Guévremont
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Bruce G Mockett
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Warren P Tate
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Wickliffe C Abraham
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Stephanie M Hughes
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joanna Williams
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Kumar S, Reddy PH. The role of synaptic microRNAs in Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165937. [PMID: 32827646 PMCID: PMC7680400 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Structurally and functionally active synapses are essential for neurotransmission and for maintaining normal synaptic and cognitive functions. Researchers have found that synaptic dysfunction is associated with the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), and synaptic dysfunction is even one of the main physiological hallmarks of AD. MiRNAs are present in small, subcellular compartments of the neuron such as neural dendrites, synaptic vesicles, and synaptosomes are known as synaptic miRNAs. Synaptic miRNAs involved in governing multiple synaptic functions that lead to healthy brain functioning and synaptic activity. However, the precise role of synaptic miRNAs has not been determined in AD progression. This review emphasizes the presence of miRNAs at the synapse, synaptic compartments and roles of miRNAs in multiple synaptic functions. We focused on synaptic miRNAs alteration in AD, and how the modulation of miRNAs effect the synaptic functions in AD. We also discussed the impact of synaptic miRNAs in AD progression concerning the synaptic ATP production, mitochondrial function, and synaptic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subodh Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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Abstract
MicroRNA-455-3p (miR-455-3p) is identify as a member of broadly conserved miRNA family expressed in most of the phylum and species. In humans, miR-455 is present on the human chromosome 9 at locus 9q32 and encoded by the human COL27A1 gene (collagen type XXVII alpha 1 chain). The role of miR-455 has been implicated in various human diseases such as cartilage development, adipogenesis, preeclampsia, and cancers, e.g., colon cancer, prostate cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cancer, oral squamous cancer, skin cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. Recently, our laboratory discovered the biomarker and therapeutic relevance of miR-455-3p in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our global microarray analysis of serum samples from AD patients, mild cognitive individuals (MCI), and healthy subjects unveiled the high level of miR-455-3p in AD patients relative to MCI and healthy controls. Further, validation analysis using different kinds of AD samples such as serum, postmortem brains, AD fibroblasts, AD B-lymphocytes, AD cell lines, AD mouse models, and AD cerebrospinal fluid confirmed the biomarker potential of miR-455-3p. The mechanistic link of miR-455-3p in AD was determined via modulation of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) and amyloid-β (Aβ) levels. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed AβPP as validated target of miR-455-3p. Our study on mouse neuroblastoma cells revealed the protective role of miR-455-3p against Aβ-induced toxicities. We also noticed that miR-455-3p enhances cell survival and lifespan extension. High level of miR-455-3p reduces Aβ toxicity, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and synaptic activity, and maintains healthy mitochondrial dynamics. Based on these evidences, we cautiously conclude that miR-455-3p is a promising peripheral biomarker and therapeutic candidate for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subodh Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Departments of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Garrison Institute on Aging, South West Campus, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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35
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Wu X, Li W, Zheng Y. Recent Progress on Relevant microRNAs in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165904. [PMID: 32824515 PMCID: PMC7460584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose pathogenesis is unclear and is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. The microRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of single-stranded non-coding RNA with 20-22 nucleotides, which normally inhibit their target mRNAs at a post-transcriptional level. miRNAs are involved in almost all biological processes and are closely related to ASD and many other diseases. In this review, we summarize relevant miRNAs in ASD, and analyze dysregulated miRNAs in brain tissues and body fluids of ASD patients, which may contribute to the pathogenesis and diagnosis of ASD.
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Ha L, Yang B, Wang S, An Y, Wang H, Cui Y. Effect of Moxibustion on Behavioral Changes and Expression of APP and BACE1 in Hippocampus of SAMP8 Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:3598930. [PMID: 32855649 PMCID: PMC7443240 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3598930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of moxibustion on cognitive function of aging mice, to observe the effect of moxibustion on protein and gene expression of APP metabolism pathway, and to explore the mechanism of action in moxibustion. METHODS 24 SAMP8 were randomly divided into 2 groups (12 in each group): moxibustion group and model group. 12 SAMR1 mice were used as blank controls. Mice in the moxibustion group were treated with moxibustion for 8 weeks, 10 minutes each time, 5 times a week, and for a total of 8 weeks. The model group and the blank group were treated with sham-moxibustion. Behavior tests were used to detect the learning and memory ability of each group of mice. Immunohistochemical, western blot, and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of APP and BACE1. Furthermore, the expressions of miR-29 and miR-101 were observed by RT-PCR method to explore the mechanism of moxibustion at the genetic level. RESULTS In this study, relative to normal mice, we found that aging mice showed behavioral changes consistent with the onset of AD. However, moxibustion interventions were able to mitigate these effects to some degree in aging mice. In addition, moxibustion was proved to regulate APP metabolism pathway at protein and gene level through molecular biology tests. CONCLUSION The data suggest that the effect of moxibustion intervention on cognitive function in aging mice is related to the regulation of genes and proteins involved in APP metabolism pathway; this may be a potential target for treating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lue Ha
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Massage, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian New Area, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shaosong Wang
- Beijing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu An
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yingxue Cui
- Beijing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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Improta-Caria AC, Nonaka CKV, Cavalcante BRR, De Sousa RAL, Aras Júnior R, Souza BSDF. Modulation of MicroRNAs as a Potential Molecular Mechanism Involved in the Beneficial Actions of Physical Exercise in Alzheimer Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4977. [PMID: 32674523 PMCID: PMC7403962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals worldwide. AD pathophysiology involves the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, along with chronic neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Physical exercise (PE) is a beneficial non-pharmacological strategy and has been described as an ally to combat cognitive decline in individuals with AD. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern the beneficial adaptations induced by PE in AD are not fully elucidated. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, inhibiting or degrading their target mRNAs. MicroRNAs are involved in physiological processes that govern normal brain function and deregulated microRNA profiles are associated with the development and progression of AD. It is also known that PE changes microRNA expression profile in the circulation and in target tissues and organs. Thus, this review aimed to identify the role of deregulated microRNAs in the pathophysiology of AD and explore the possible role of the modulation of microRNAs as a molecular mechanism involved in the beneficial actions of PE in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (A.C.I.-C.); (R.A.J.)
- University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
| | - Carolina Kymie Vasques Nonaka
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno Raphael Ribeiro Cavalcante
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa
- Physiological Science Multicentric Program, Federal University of Valleys´ Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Minas Gerais 30000-000, Brazil;
| | - Roque Aras Júnior
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (A.C.I.-C.); (R.A.J.)
- University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
| | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
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Kim HI, Yim D, Jeon SJ, Kang TW, Hwang IJ, Lee S, Yang JK, Ju JM, So Y, Kim JH. Modulation of oligonucleotide-binding dynamics on WS 2 nanosheet interfaces for detection of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112401. [PMID: 32729521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-covalent adsorption and desorption of oligonucleotides on two-dimensional nanosheets are widely employed to design nanobiosensors for the rapid optical detection of targets. A precise control over the weak interactions between nanosheet interfaces and oligonucleotides is crucial for a high-sensing performance. Herein, the interface of ultrathin WS2 nanosheets used as a fluorescence quencher was engineered by four different dextran polymers in an aqueous solution to control the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of the DNA probe. The WS2 nanosheets, functionalized by the carboxyl group-bearing dextran (CM-dex-WS2) or the trimethylammonium-modified dextran (TMA-dex-WS2), exhibited 3.6-fold faster adsorption rates of the fluorescein-labeled DNA probe (FAM-DNA), which led to the effective fluorescence quenching of FAM, compared to the nanosheets functionalized with pristine dextran (dex-WS2) or the hydrophobic phenoxy groups-bearing dextran (PhO-dex-WS2). Isothermal titration calorimetry measurements showed that the adsorption strength of FAM-DNA for CM-dex-WS2 was one order of magnitude greater than its hybridization energy for a target microRNA (miR-29a) that is well-known as an Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker, leading to the unfavorable desorption of the DNA probe from the surface. In contrast, TMA-dex-WS2 exhibited the proper adsorption strength of FAM-DNA, which was lower than its hybridization energy for miR-29a, leading to its favorable desorption from the nanosheet surface along with the noticeable restoration of the quenched fluorescence after its hybridization with miR-29a. Finally, the interface modulation of WS2 nanosheets allowed the selective and sensitive recognition of miR-29a against non-complementary RNA and single base-mismatched RNA in human serum via increases in target-specific fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-In Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - DaBin Yim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Ji Jeon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woog Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jun Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Ju
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhee So
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 426-791, Republic of Korea.
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Wu W, Zheng T, Tian Y. An enzyme-free amplification strategy based on two-photon fluorescent carbon dots for monitoring miR-9 in live neurons and brain tissues of Alzheimer's disease mice. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8083-8086. [PMID: 32543623 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01971b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An enzyme-free amplification strategy based on two-photon fluorescent carbon dots for monitoring miR-9 in live neurons and brain tissues of Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice. Notably, using our developed probe, miR-9 was found to be up-regulated in early onset AD, while it was found to be down regulated to lower than the normal level in late onset AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China.
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40
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Sedighi M, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Fallah S, Moradi N, Afshin-Majd S, Roghani M. The Association Between Circulating Klotho and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Activity and Inflammatory Cytokines in Elderly Patients With Alzheimer Disease. Basic Clin Neurosci 2020; 11:349-357. [PMID: 32963727 PMCID: PMC7502192 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.11.2.1747.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Klotho and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP4) are two proteins that modulate inflammatory pathways. We investigated the association between circulating klotho and DPP4 activity and their relationship with inflammatory cytokines, miR-29a, and miR-195 in Alzheimer Disease (AD). Methods: This study was conducted on 16 AD patients and 16 healthy age-matched controls. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β, interleukin-6 (IL-6), klotho, and DPP4 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma expression of miR-29a and miR-195 were also measured and compared by a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: There was a significant increase in TNF-α (p=0.006), IL-1β (p=0.012), and IL-6 (p=0.012) levels in the AD subjects compared with controls. Also, we found a decrease in plasma levels of klotho and an increase in plasma levels of DPP4 in the AD group that was not significant compared with the controls. Lower expression of miR-29a (P=0.009) and higher expression of miR-195 (P=0.003) were observed in the AD group that was significant than controls. Further analysis showed a negative correlation between klotho and plasma levels of IL-6 (r=−0.58, p=0.01). Also, there was a positive correlation between plasma DPP4 activity and TNF-α levels (r=0.50, P=0.04) and IL-1β (r=0.62, P=0.01). Likewise, plasma klotho concentration showed a negative correlation with the age of AD subjects (r=−0.56, P=0.02). Conclusion: TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 are involved in AD pathophysiology, and dysregulation of DPP4 and klotho may be associated with the inflammatory response of AD. Down-regulation of miR-29a and up-regulation of miR-195 indicated the role of miRNAs in the AD process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Sedighi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tourandokht Baluchnejadmojarad
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Fallah
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nariman Moradi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Siamak Afshin-Majd
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Qin T, Prins S, Groeneveld GJ, Van Westen G, de Vries HE, Wong YC, Bischoff LJ, de Lange EC. Utility of Animal Models to Understand Human Alzheimer's Disease, Using the Mastermind Research Approach to Avoid Unnecessary Further Sacrifices of Animals. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093158. [PMID: 32365768 PMCID: PMC7247586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To diagnose and treat early-stage (preclinical) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, we need body-fluid-based biomarkers that reflect the processes that occur in this stage, but current knowledge on associated processes is lacking. As human studies on (possible) onset and early-stage AD would be extremely expensive and time-consuming, we investigate the potential value of animal AD models to help to fill this knowledge gap. We provide a comprehensive overview of processes associated with AD pathogenesis and biomarkers, current knowledge on AD-related biomarkers derived from on human and animal brains and body fluids, comparisons of biomarkers obtained in human AD and frequently used animal AD models, and emerging body-fluid-based biomarkers. In human studies, amyloid beta (Aβ), hyperphosphorylated tau (P-tau), total tau (T-tau), neurogranin, SNAP-25, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), YKL-40, and especially neurofilament light (NfL) are frequently measured. In animal studies, the emphasis has been mostly on Aβ. Although a direct comparison between human (familial and sporadic) AD and (mostly genetic) animal AD models cannot be made, still, in brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood, a majority of similar trends are observed for human AD stage and animal AD model life stage. This indicates the potential value of animal AD models in understanding of the onset and early stage of AD. Moreover, animal studies can be smartly designed to provide mechanistic information on the interrelationships between the different AD processes in a longitudinal fashion and may also include the combinations of different conditions that may reflect comorbidities in human AD, according to the Mastermind Research approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qin
- Predictive Pharmacology, Division of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands; (T.Q.); (L.J.M.B.)
| | - Samantha Prins
- Centre for Human Drug Research (CHDR), 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.P.); (G.J.G.)
| | - Geert Jan Groeneveld
- Centre for Human Drug Research (CHDR), 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.P.); (G.J.G.)
| | - Gerard Van Westen
- Computational Drug Discovery, Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Helga E. de Vries
- Neuro-immunology research group, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Yin Cheong Wong
- Advanced Modelling and Simulation, UCB Celltech, Slough SL1 3WE, UK;
| | - Luc J.M. Bischoff
- Predictive Pharmacology, Division of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands; (T.Q.); (L.J.M.B.)
| | - Elizabeth C.M. de Lange
- Predictive Pharmacology, Division of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands; (T.Q.); (L.J.M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-71-527-6330
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42
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Kou X, Chen D, Chen N. The Regulation of microRNAs in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurol 2020; 11:288. [PMID: 32362867 PMCID: PMC7180504 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding nucleic acids that are responsible for regulating the gene expression by binding to the coding region and 3' and 5' un-translated region of target messenger RNA. Approximately 70% of known microRNAs are expressed in the brain and increasing evidences demonstrate the possible involvement of microRNAs in Alzheimer's disease (AD) according to the statistics. The characteristic symptoms of AD are the progressive loss of memory and cognitive functions due to the deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) peptide, intracellular aggregation of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein, the loss of synapses, and neuroinflammation, as well as dysfunctional autophagy. Therefore, microRNA-mediated regulation for above-mentioned changes may be the potential therapeutic strategies for AD. In this review, the role of specific microRNAs involved in AD and corresponding applications are systematically discussed, including positive effects associated with the reduction of Aβ or Tau protein, the protection of synapses, the inhibition of neuroinflammation, the mitigation of aging, and the induction of autophagy in AD. It will be beneficial to develop effective targets for establishing a cross link between pharmacological intervention and AD in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjuan Kou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
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43
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Hou TY, Zhou Y, Zhu LS, Wang X, Pang P, Wang DQ, Liuyang ZY, Man H, Lu Y, Zhu LQ, Liu D. Correcting abnormalities in miR-124/PTPN1 signaling rescues tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2020; 154:441-457. [PMID: 31951013 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been implicated in diverse physiological and pathological processes. We previously reported that aberrant microRNA-124 (miR-124)/non-receptor-type protein phosphatase 1 (PTPN1) signaling plays an important role in the synaptic disorders associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we further investigated the potential role of miR-124/PTPN1 in the tau pathology of AD. We first treated the mice with intra-hippocampal stereotactic injections. Then, we used quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) to detect the expression of microRNAs. Western blotting was used to measure the level of PTPN1, the level of tau protein, the phosphorylation of tau at AD-related sites, and alterations in the activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) and protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A). Immunohistochemistry was also used to detect changes in tau phosphorylation levels at AD-related sites and somadendritic aggregation. Soluble and insoluble tau protein was separated by 70% formic acid (FA) extraction to examine tau solubility. Finally, behavioral experiments (including the Morris water maze, fear conditioning, and elevated plus maze) were performed to examine learning and memory ability and emotion-related behavior. We found that artificially replicating the abnormalities in miR-124/PTPN1 signaling induced AD-like tau pathology in the hippocampus of wild-type mice, including hyperphosphorylation at multiple sites, insolubility and somadendritic aggregation, as well as learning/memory deficits. We also found that disruption of miR-124/PTPN1 signaling was caused by the loss of RE1-silencing transcription factor protein, which can be initiated by Aβ insults or oxidative stress, as observed in the brains of P301S mice. Correcting the deregulation of miR-124/PTPN1 signaling rescued the tau pathology and learning/memory impairments in the P301S mice. We also found that miR-124/PTPN1 abnormalities induced activation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) and inactivation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) by promoting tyrosine phosphorylation, implicating an imbalance in tau kinase/phosphatase. Thus, targeting the miR-124/PTPN1 signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Yao Hou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of the Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of the Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Shuang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of the Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of the Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Pei Pang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of the Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Ding-Qi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of the Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Yu Liuyang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of the Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Hengye Man
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Youming Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of the Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of the Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of the Education Ministry, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,The Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Yuan J, Wu Y, Li L, Liu C. MicroRNA-425-5p promotes tau phosphorylation and cell apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease by targeting heat shock protein B8. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:339-346. [PMID: 31919655 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent and age-related dementia accompanied by neurodegenerative disorder, memory loss, and abnormal behaviors. Recent studies have shown an increasing interest in studying the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their potential values in the early diagnostics of AD. MiR-425-5p has extensively expression within various tissues and organs, acting as an important regulator in many pathological procedures. The functions of miR-425-5p involved in AD were investigated in the present study. The results showed that miR-425-5p was upregulated in patients with AD and HEK293/tau cells. Transfections with miR-425-5p overexpression vector significantly enhanced cell apoptosis, activated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), and increased tau phosphorylation in HEK293/tau cells. Heat shock protein B8 (HSPB8) was directly targeted by miR-425-5p. Upregulation of miR-425-5p induced cell apoptosis and promoted tau phosphorylation partially via targeting HSPB8 in AD. Therefore, miR-425-5p might act as a new therapeutic target for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yuan
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, No.299 Nanjing Road, Shibei District, 266000, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanpeng Wu
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, No.299 Nanjing Road, Shibei District, 266000, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, No.299 Nanjing Road, Shibei District, 266000, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanqin Liu
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, No.299 Nanjing Road, Shibei District, 266000, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Souza VC, Morais GS, Henriques AD, Machado-Silva W, Perez DIV, Brito CJ, Camargos EF, Moraes CF, Nóbrega OT. Whole-Blood Levels of MicroRNA-9 Are Decreased in Patients With Late-Onset Alzheimer Disease. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2020; 35:1533317520911573. [PMID: 32301334 PMCID: PMC10623914 DOI: 10.1177/1533317520911573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests changes in circulating microRNA levels may be promising biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD). We hypothesized that whole-blood microRNAs may be useful to identify individuals with established AD. For this purpose, a sample of community-dwelling women (≥55 years old) carrying the ApoE ∊4 allele were clinically evaluated using the American Psychiatric Association/Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth edition and the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale criteria to diagnose probable AD, and the Clinical Dementia Rating scale to stage the dementia. A set of 25 mature microRNAs was rationally selected for evaluation based on experimental evidence of interaction with genes linked to the late-onset AD neuropathology. Whole-blood concentrations were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Compared to patients without dementia, a median 3-fold decrease in miR-9 levels was found among patients with AD (P = .001). Our findings support blood-borne miR-9 as a candidate biomarker for probable AD, embodied by evidence from the literature of its implication in amyloidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ciro José Brito
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Clayton Franco Moraes
- Medical Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
- Gerontology Program, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
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46
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Ryan MM, Guévremont D, Mockett BG, Abraham WC, Williams JM. Circulating Plasma microRNAs are Altered with Amyloidosis in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 66:835-852. [PMID: 30347618 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pathological changes underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) begin decades before the classical symptoms of memory loss become evident. As microRNAs are released from neurons and enter the bloodstream, circulating microRNAs may be reflective of AD progression and are ideal candidates as biomarkers for early-stage disease detection. Here, we provide a novel, in-depth analysis of how plasma microRNAs alter with aging, the most prominent risk factor for AD, and with development of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition. We assessed the circulating microRNAs in APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic mice and wild-type controls at 4, 8 and 15 m (n = 8-10) using custom designed Taqman arrays representing 185 neuropathology-related microRNAs. We performed a linear mixed-effects model to investigate the effects of age and genotype on plasma microRNAs expression. Following this analysis, we found 8 microRNAs were significantly affected by age alone in wild-type animals and 12 microRNAs altered in APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice, either prior to Aβ plaque deposition (4 m) or during the development of AD-like pathogenesis (8 m or 15 m). Importantly, we found that differing sets of microRNAs were identified at each time point. Functional analysis of these data revealed that while common biological pathways, such as Inflammatory Response, were enriched throughout the disease process, Free Radical Scavenging, Immunological Disease, and Apoptosis Signaling were specifically enriched later in the disease process. Overall, this study reinforces that distinct biological processes underpin the early versus late stages of AD-like pathogenesis and highlights potential pre-symptomatic microRNAs biomarkers of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Ryan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Diane Guévremont
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Bruce G Mockett
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Wickliffe C Abraham
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joanna M Williams
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Jain G, Stuendl A, Rao P, Berulava T, Pena Centeno T, Kaurani L, Burkhardt S, Delalle I, Kornhuber J, Hüll M, Maier W, Peters O, Esselmann H, Schulte C, Deuschle C, Synofzik M, Wiltfang J, Mollenhauer B, Maetzler W, Schneider A, Fischer A. A combined miRNA-piRNA signature to detect Alzheimer's disease. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:250. [PMID: 31591382 PMCID: PMC6779890 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder causing huge emotional and economic burden to our societies. An effective therapy has not been implicated yet, which is in part also due to the fact that pathological changes occur years before clinical symptoms manifest. Thus, there is a great need for the development of a translatable biomarker. Recent evidence highlights microRNAs as candidate biomarkers. In this study, we use next-generation sequencing to study the small noncoding RNAome (sncRNAome) in exosomes derived from human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We show that the sncRNAome from CSF-derived exosomes is dominated not only by microRNAs (miRNAs) but also by PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). We define a combined signature consisting of three miRNAs and three piRNAs that are suitable to detect AD with an AUC of 0.83 in a replication cohort and furthermore predict the conversion of mild-cognitive impaired (MCI) patients to AD dementia with an AUC of 0.86 for the piRNA signature. When combining the smallRNA signature with pTau and Aβ 42/40 ratio the AUC reaches 0.98. Our study reports a novel exosomal small noncoding RNA signature to detect AD pathology and provides the first evidence that in addition to miRNAs, piRNAs should also be considered as a candidate biomarker for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Jain
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anne Stuendl
- 0000 0004 0438 0426grid.424247.3Translational Dementia Research, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Pooja Rao
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tea Berulava
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tonatiuh Pena Centeno
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany ,Bioinformatics Unit, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Lalit Kaurani
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Burkhardt
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivana Delalle
- 0000 0004 0367 5222grid.475010.7Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- 0000 0001 2107 3311grid.5330.5Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Hüll
- 0000 0000 9428 7911grid.7708.8Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany ,0000 0000 9428 7911grid.7708.8Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- 0000 0001 2240 3300grid.10388.32Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- 0000 0001 2248 7639grid.7468.dDepartment of Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 12200 Berlin, Germany ,0000 0004 0438 0426grid.424247.3German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 12203 Berlin, Germany ,0000 0001 1014 0849grid.419491.0Memory Clinic and Dementia Prevention Center, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hermann Esselmann
- 0000 0001 0482 5331grid.411984.1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Schulte
- 0000 0001 2190 1447grid.10392.39Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany ,0000 0004 0438 0426grid.424247.3German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Deuschle
- 0000 0001 2190 1447grid.10392.39Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany ,0000 0004 0438 0426grid.424247.3German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mathis Synofzik
- 0000 0001 2190 1447grid.10392.39Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany ,0000 0004 0438 0426grid.424247.3German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- 0000 0001 0482 5331grid.411984.1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), 37075 Göttingen, Germany ,0000000123236065grid.7311.4iBiMED, Medical Sciences Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal ,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- 0000 0001 0482 5331grid.411984.1Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), 37075 Göttingen, Germany ,grid.440220.0Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, 34128 Kassel, Germany
| | - Walter Maetzler
- 0000 0001 2190 1447grid.10392.39Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany ,0000 0004 0438 0426grid.424247.3German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tuebingen, Germany ,0000 0004 0646 2097grid.412468.dDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- Translational Dementia Research, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany. .,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Andre Fischer
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany. .,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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Ma F, Zhang Q, Zhang CY. Catalytic Self-Assembly of Quantum-Dot-Based MicroRNA Nanosensor Directed by Toehold-Mediated Strand Displacement Cascade. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:6370-6376. [PMID: 31460766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are highly attractive nanomaterials with wide biomedical applications owing to their unique photophysical properties. However, the adaptation of the nonenzymatic QD nanosensor assembly to sense low-abundance targets remains a great challenge. Herein, taking advantage of the dynamic DNA nanotechnology and single-molecule fluorescence detection, we demonstrate the catalytic self-assembly of a QD-based microRNA nanosensor directed by toehold-mediated strand displacement cascade for the simple and sensitive detection of microRNA at femtomolar concentration without the requirement of any enzymes. Moreover, this QD nanosensor is capable of detecting circulating microRNA in clinical serum samples and even imaging microRNA in living cells. This work may extend the use of an enzyme-free QD nanosensor assembly for low-abundance biomarker detection and offer a novel platform for fundamental biomedical research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ma
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China
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Wu Q, Yuan X, Bai J, Han R, Li Z, Zhang H, Xiu R. MicroRNA-181a protects against pericyte apoptosis via directly targeting FOXO1: implication for ameliorated cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:6120-6133. [PMID: 31467256 PMCID: PMC6738434 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). MiR-181a is associated with hippocampal memory formation and aberrantly expressed in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), however, little is known about its role and underlying mechanism involved in AD. Here, we report that miR-181a expression declines in APP/PS1 mice, synchronous with the increase in amyloid β (Aβ) level, which suggests a reverse correlation between miR-181a level and AD development. Additionally, lentiviral overexpression of miR-181a via intrahippocampal injection ameliorates cognitive deficits and amyloid plaque deposition in APP/PS1 mice, indicating a beneficial role of miR-181a against AD progression. Moreover, miR-181a decelerates pericyte loss and blood-brain barrier breakdown in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, miR-181a protects against Aβ accumulation-induced pericyte apoptosis in vitro, which is attributed to the negative regulation of FOXO1 by miR-181a, since FOXO1 restoration abolishes miR-181a protective role against pericyte apoptosis. Altogether, these results may identify miR-181a as a novel regulator of AD pathology, and also implicate that the protection of miR-181a in blood-brain barrier pericytes may underlie its ameliorating effect on APP/PS1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Microcirculation, Ministry of Health, Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Pecking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Microcirculation, Ministry of Health, Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Pecking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruiqin Han
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Honggang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Microcirculation, Ministry of Health, Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Pecking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijuan Xiu
- Key Laboratory for Microcirculation, Ministry of Health, Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Pecking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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50
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Wang J, Chen C, Zhang Y. An investigation of microRNA-103 and microRNA-107 as potential blood-based biomarkers for disease risk and progression of Alzheimer's disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23006. [PMID: 31420923 PMCID: PMC6977154 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the correlation of circulating microRNA-103 (miR-103) and microRNA-107 (miR-107) with disease risk and cognitive impairment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Plasma samples from 120 AD patients, 120 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients (served as disease control), and 120 healthy controls were collected for miR-103 and miR-107 detections using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score was documented and was used to accordingly assess the dementia severity. RESULTS miR-103 expression was decreased in AD patients compared with PD patients and healthy controls, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses illustrated that it was able to differentiate AD patients from PD patients and healthy controls. Additionally, miR-103 positively correlated with MMSE score and negatively correlated with dementia severity in AD patients. miR-107 expression was lower in AD patients compared with healthy controls but similar between AD patients and PD patients, and ROC curve analyses revealed that it was able to differentiate AD patients from healthy controls but not AD patients from PD patients. miR-107 was positively correlated with MMSE score and negatively correlated with dementia severity in AD patients, while the correlation coefficient of miR-107 with MMSE score was lower than that of miR-103 with MMSE score. Besides, miR-103 was positively correlated with miR-107 in AD patients, PD patients, and healthy controls. CONCLUSION miR-103 may be a better choice than miR-107 to serve as a potential biomarker for disease risk and disease progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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