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Robin M, Surjous L, Belbèze J, Bonnardel L, Varlet M, Silva J, Lamothe J, Essadek A, Falissard B, Cohen D, Corcos M. Influence of at-risk family interactions on the course of psychiatric care in adolescence. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:2847-2857. [PMID: 38305891 PMCID: PMC11272672 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Dysparenting, referring to inappropriate parental attitudes, is a vulnerability factor for mental disorders during adolescence and a therapeutic leverage, yet clinicians lack reliable tools to assess it in daily clinical practice. Moreover, the effect of this dysparenting on the amount of psychiatric care remains unclear. The Family and Care study aims to develop the at-risk family interactions and levers (ARFIL) scale, a comprehensive 30-item clinical scale, and to assess in a cross-sectional design, the impact of these at-risk family interactions on the care of adolescents (n = 425) hospitalized in psychiatry and aged 13-19 years old. Factorial analysis shows that the ARFIL scale consists of three main dimensions associated with cohesion/conflicts, love/hostility, and autonomy/control with good psychometric properties. Multivariate regressions show that the ARFIL intensity score predicts the duration of hospital care, regardless of age, gender, medical severity on admission, assessed by the Global Assessment of Functioning scale, the presence of maltreatment and psychiatric diagnoses. Moreover, the ARFIL diversity score (number of items present regardless of their severity) predicts both the number and duration of hospitalizations. At-risk family interactions are a determining dimension of psychiatric adolescent care, and the ARFIL scale could constitute a valuable tool, not only for holistic evaluation and treatment, but also for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Robin
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France.
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM U1178, Team PsyDev, Villejuif, France.
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - L Surjous
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J Belbèze
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - L Bonnardel
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - M Varlet
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - J Silva
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - J Lamothe
- Group for Research and Intervention on Children's Social Adjustment (GRISE), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - A Essadek
- Interpsy Laboratory, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - B Falissard
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM U1178, Team PsyDev, Villejuif, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
| | - D Cohen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - M Corcos
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Psychiatry, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Benarous X, Guedj MJ, Cravero C, Jakubowicz B, Brunelle J, Suzuki K, Cohen D. Examining the hikikomori syndrome in a French sample of hospitalized adolescents with severe social withdrawal and school refusal behavior. Transcult Psychiatry 2022; 59:831-843. [PMID: 35866212 DOI: 10.1177/13634615221111633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
While the term hikikomori (HKM) has spread internationally to describe a chronic and severe form of social withdrawal, its place in current nosography and its transposition into non-Asian cultures are still debated. A retrospective chart review was conducted to determine the rate and the clinical profiles of HKM among a French sample of adolescent inpatients. Data were obtained from 191 adolescents aged 12-18 years (M = 15.0, 44% boys) consecutively admitted in two inpatient units from January 2017 to December 2019. Using a retrospective diagnosis of HKM based on Teo and Gaw's criteria, we compared socio-demographic characteristics, clinical features, and treatment outcomes between HKM patients and those with other forms of social withdrawal and/or school refusal (SW/SR). At admission, 7% of participants met HKM criteria (n = 14, M = 14.3, 64% boys), one out of six adolescents with SW/SR. Among those with SW/SR, HKM + vs. HKM- participants had higher rates of anxiety disorder (Odd Ratio, OR = 35.2) and lower disruptive behavioral disorder (OR = 0.03). A minority of the participants with anxiety and depressive disorders met the HKM criteria (respectively, 15% and 9%), but those with HKM had a longer duration of symptoms, longer hospitalization, and required more daily care facilities at discharge compared to HKM-. While HKM syndrome could not be delimitated from anxiety disorder, it was associated with specific clinical features and treatment outcomes. The clinical characteristics observed were consistent with the features reported in Asian HKM adults, supporting face validity of this clinical concept in adolescent inpatients with different cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Benarous
- Child and Adolescent Psychopathology Services, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
- INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Jeanne Guedj
- Centre Psychiatrique d'Orientation et d'Accueil, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
| | - Cora Cravero
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Jakubowicz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Julie Brunelle
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Kunifumi Suzuki
- Psychiatry Department, University of Nagoya, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - David Cohen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 7222, Institute for Intelligent Systems and Robotics, Sorbonne Université, UPMC, Paris, France
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Cohen D, Hanin C, Benarous X. Debate: Developmental and integrative approaches in child and adolescent psychiatry inpatient facilities: the case of a tertiary university hospital in Paris. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2021; 26:171-173. [PMID: 33779120 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Based on the specific experience of a tertiary university hospital in Paris, France, we propose a theoretical framework encompassing developmental, multidimensional, eco-systemic, and multifactorial perspectives for child and adolescent psychiatry. Consequently, a modern CAPD should be multidisciplinary and implemented in a large medical setting with close disciplines, should promote tailored and integrative treatment, should include some organizational aspects (e.g., tutoring), and should also be opened to cultural and school interventions. Finally, for complex cases, it should keep ambitious goals in terms of both clinical and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cohen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 7222 Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotiques, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Hanin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Benarous
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France.,INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France
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