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Bai L, Wen Z, Zhu Y, Jama HA, Sawmadal JD, Chen J. Association of blood cadmium, lead, and mercury with anxiety: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2007-2012. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1402715. [PMID: 39188794 PMCID: PMC11345141 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1402715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between blood levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury and anxiety in American adults. Methods Blood metals and self-reported anxiety days were extracted from laboratory data and questionnaire data, respectively, using NHANES data from 2007-2012. Weighted logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between cadmium, lead and mercury with anxiety. Restricted cubic spline was used to visualize the non-linear relationship between metal concentrations and anxiety. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was used to investigate the effect of combined exposure to the three metals on anxiety. Results The prevalence of anxiety in adults was 26.0%. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, cadmium levels in the highest quartile (Q4) were associated with a higher risk of anxiety compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 1.279, 95% CI: 1.113-1.471, p < 0.01). Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a positive association between blood cadmium levels and anxiety. Furthermore, co-exposure to multiple heavy metals was positively associated with anxiety risk (WQS positive: OR = 1.068, 95% CI: 1.016-1.160, p < 0.05), with cadmium contributing the most to the overall mixture effect. Compared to the Light RPA, the Vigorous/Moderate RPA group had a relatively low risk of anxiety after cadmium exposure. Conclusion High levels of blood cadmium are positively associated with the development of anxiety disorders, which needs to be further verified in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Bai
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zongliang Wen
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- School of Medical Information and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | | | | | - Jialin Chen
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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David AT, Sharma V, Bittencourt L, Gurka KK, Perez-Carreño JG, Lopez-Quintero C. Exploring the associations between serious psychological distress and the quantity or frequency of tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use among pregnant women in the United States. Prev Med 2023; 177:107770. [PMID: 37951544 PMCID: PMC11099898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) and prenatal exposure to substances are associated with adverse outcomes for pregnant individuals and their developing offspring. This study aims to examine the relationship between SPD and quantity, or frequency of substance use among pregnant women in the United States (US). Descriptive and negative binomial regression analyses of the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were conducted among 3373 pregnant women (18 to 44 years old) to examine the association between SPD and (1) average number of cigarettes smoked in the past 30 days, (2) number of days of binge drinking in the past 30 days, and (3) number of days of cannabis use in the past 30 days. About 6% of the study population experienced SPD in the past 30 days. Compared to pregnant women who did not report SPD, pregnant women experiencing SPD showed greater rates in the number of cigarettes smoked during the past 30 days (IRR = 2.1, 95%CI = 1.1, 4.5), the number of days of binge drinking in the past 30 days (IRR = 5.1, 95%CI = 1.7, 15.4), and the number of days of cannabis use in the past 30 days (IRR = 2.9, 95%CI = 1.3, 6.5). Our results extend findings from prior research by documenting an association between SPD and the quantity and frequency of substance use among pregnant women in the US. Individual and structural interventions addressing SPD and/or substance might help reduce the impact of these comorbid conditions on expectant parents and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayomide T David
- University of Florida, Department of Epidemiology, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States of America.
| | - Vinita Sharma
- Boise State University, School of Public and Population Health, Boise, ID 83725-1835, United States of America.
| | - Lorna Bittencourt
- University of Minnesota, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
| | - Kelly K Gurka
- University of Florida, Department of Epidemiology, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States of America.
| | - Juan Guillermo Perez-Carreño
- University of Florida, Department of Epidemiology, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States of America.
| | - Catalina Lopez-Quintero
- University of Florida, Department of Epidemiology, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States of America.
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de Azevedo SM, do Nascimento LS, de Oliveira Silva L, de Almeida MG, Azevedo LS, Constantino WD, Bastos WR, Pestana IA. Flood pulse as a driving force of Pb variation in four fish guilds from Puruzinho Lake (western Amazon). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:38728-38737. [PMID: 36585592 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25015-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Brazilian Amazon is heavily impacted by mining activities, especially by gold and cassiterite mining. Pb is a contaminant released during cassiterite extraction, and it stands out for its high toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of flood pulse on Pb dynamics in four fish species with different feeding habits (Cichlapleiozona: carnivorous, Mylossomaduriventre: herbivorous, Prochilodus nigricans: detritivorous, and Serrasalmus rhombeus: piscivorous) over four hydrological periods in Puruzinho Lake (Brazilian Amazon), which receives water from the Madeira River. The risk assessment for daily Pb intake through the consumption of these fish by the local riverside population was also carried out. Fish species were sampled during four Amazonian hydrological periods: rising water, high water, falling water, and low water. Pb and stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) measurements were carried out on fish muscle. The flood pulse had the same effect on Pb concentrations of all the fish species regardless of their feeding habits, as we found a nonsignificant interaction between these variables. The Pb in fish muscle increased in the flood season (rising and high water) and decreased in the dry season (falling and low water). The Pb concentration in fish increased significantly with their trophic level (δ15N), evidencing the occurrence of biomagnification of the element along the trophic chain (R2 = 0.24). The main food source of the herbivorous fish (δ13C) was very distinct from that of the others, which had a large overlap in their values. Regarding risk assessment, the daily Pb intake through consumption of the herbivorous species during high water (17.82 ± 19.68 µg∙day-1) exceeded the limit determined by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of 12.5 µg∙day-1, representing a health risk to the riverside population of Puruzinho Lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Menezes de Azevedo
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Luiza Silva do Nascimento
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Layra de Oliveira Silva
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Gomes de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva Azevedo
- Divisão de Fauna E Flora, Gerência de Licenciamento, Diretoria de Licenciamento E Outorga, Instituto Água E Terra, Street Engenheiro Rebouças, 1206-Rebouças-CEP, Curitiba, Paraná, 80215-000, Brazil
| | - Wendel Dias Constantino
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos
- Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental Wolfgang C. Pfeiffer, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Av. Pres. Dutra, 2967-Olaria-CEP, Porto Velho, Rondônia, 76801-059, Brazil
| | - Inácio Abreu Pestana
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000-Parque Califórnia-CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, 28013-602, Brazil.
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Hoover C, Specht AJ, Hemenway D. Firearm licensure, lead levels and suicides in Massachusetts. Prev Med 2023; 166:107377. [PMID: 36493866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nationally, between 2011 and 2019, suicide was the second leading cause of injury death, and about half of all suicides were firearm related. An overlooked factor connecting firearms and suicide is lead exposure. Lead bullets and primers are used throughout the US and pose danger to adults and children. Most (not all) studies link lead to mental illness, while others link lead with suicide. Research has linked lead and firearm violence, but rarely examined the relationship among firearms, lead exposure, and suicide. We collected data for cities/towns in Massachusetts between 2011 and 2019 regarding the number of firearm licenses, suicides, prevalence of blood lead levels, and covariates. We hypothesized that; 1) towns with higher levels of licensure will have higher levels of firearm suicides but licensure will have little relationship with non-firearm suicide; 2) towns with higher levels of licensures would have higher rates of lead exposure; 3) higher lead levels would be associated with higher rates of suicide by all methods. Individuals living in towns with higher rates of licensure were significantly more likely to die in firearm suicides and all suicide types. They were not more or less likely to die from non-firearm suicides. Lead was a predictor of all suicide types. Our study appears to be the first to show the established firearm suicide relationships holds within municipalities in a single state. We provide evidence concerning the link between lead exposure and suicide, particularly from firearms, and provide a glimpse into the relationship between firearm prevalence and elevated blood lead levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hoover
- Department of Health Policy, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Injury Control Research Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Aaron J Specht
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - David Hemenway
- Department of Health Policy, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Injury Control Research Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Waeyeng D, Khamphaya T, Pouyfung P, Vattanasit U, Yimthiang S. Blood Lead Levels among Non-Occupationally Exposed Pregnant Women in Southern Thailand. TOXICS 2022; 10:599. [PMID: 36287879 PMCID: PMC9610693 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal that is toxic to humans, especially children and pregnant women. In Thailand, guidelines exist to minimize lead exposure in pregnant women working in lead-related occupations. However, no guidelines exist for pregnant women who are not employed in these economic sectors. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine blood lead levels (BLLs) and related risk factors among 80 non-occupationally exposed pregnant women from the general population living in Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Southern Thailand. BLLs were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A validated questionnaire was adopted to interview participants which included demographic, consumer goods, supplement intake, and health factors. The mean BLL was 4.68 ± 1.55 µg/dL (95% CI 4.33-5.02) and 42.50% had BLLs ≥ 5 µg/dL. Higher education was the only demographic factor associated with BLLs ≥ 5 µg/dL (aOR 0.16, 95% CI 0.03-0.80, p = 0.027). Systolic blood pressure was also associated with BLLs ≥ 5 µg/dL (aOR 5.00, 95% CI 1.23-17.16, p = 0.023). However, consumer goods and supplement intake were not associated with BLLs. Our results indicate that pregnant women from the general population who were not in the risk exposure group had lead in their bodies. Except for education, demographics were not associated with pregnant women with BLLs. However, with health factors, even low BLLs had a small effect on systolic blood pressure. These data suggest a need for promoting health education and health interventions to prevent the dangers of lead exposure, especially for pregnant women and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donrawee Waeyeng
- Environmental, Safety Technology and Health Program, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Tanaporn Khamphaya
- Environmental, Safety Technology and Health Program, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Phisit Pouyfung
- Occupational Health and Safety Department, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Udomratana Vattanasit
- Environmental Health and Technology Department, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Supabhorn Yimthiang
- Environmental, Safety Technology and Health Program, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Wei Y, Zhou J, Zhao F, Chen C, Wang J, Luo Y, Li C, Xiong J, Lv Y, Li J, Shi X. Association of blood lead exposure with frailty and its components among the Chinese oldest old. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113959. [PMID: 35999770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a widespread environmental contaminant, associated with a higher risk of functional impairment that can lead to frailty in older adults. However, few studies focused on the association of Pb exposure with frailty among the oldest old (aged ≥ 80 years). In this study, we aimed to assess the associations of Pb with frailty and its components in the oldest old. The included individuals were the oldest old aged ≥ 80 years who participated in a 2017 cross-sectional survey of the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study. Frailty was ascertained by the frailty index, which was created based on health deficits. We used logistic regression models to estimate the association of blood Pb with frailty and its components. The geometric mean and median of blood Pb were 38.51 μg/L and 36.27 μg/L among the oldest old, respectively. Compared with the first quartile of blood Pb, participants in the fourth quartile had higher risk of frailty and its components, the ORs are 1.71 (1.22-2.41), 1.99 (1.35-2.94), 1.91 (1.25-2.93), 1.57 (1.13-2.17) and 1.43 (1.05-1.96), for frailty, ADL disability, IADL disability, functional limitations, and hearing loss in the oldest old, respectively. There was a significant interaction between blood Pb and frailty in different age groups. In conclusion, our findings provide preliminary evidence that higher blood Pb may increase the risk of frailty among the oldest old by increasing the risk of disability in four physical functions: disability in ADL, disability in IADL, functional limitations, and hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wei
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Department of Hygienic Inspection, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinhui Zhou
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Luo
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenfeng Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiahui Xiong
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuebin Lv
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Hygienic Inspection, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Li Y, Zheng N, Li Y, Li P, Sun S, Wang S, Song X. Exposure of childbearing-aged female to phthalates through the use of personal care products in China: An assessment of absorption via dermal and its risk characterization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150980. [PMID: 34662603 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are widely used in personal care products (PCPs) and skin care packaging materials. Through national representative sampling, 328 childbearing-aged females in China were investigated by questionnaire, whose contact factors for 30 cosmetic products were collected. According to the daily exposure method and adverse cumulative effects of PAE exposure on female reproduction, we derived the ERα, ERβ binding, and AR anti-androgenic effects. The utilization rates of acne cleanser, acne cream, cleanser (non-acne), and cream (non-acne) in volunteers were 21.90%, 22.22%, 51.63%, and 51.96%, respectively. Examining the data for PAEs in PCPs, the content of DBP (dibutyl phthalate) in them was significantly higher for tubes (0.26 ± 0.05 μg/g) and other packaging (pump type and metal tube) (0.25 ± 0.03 μg/g) than bowl (0.17 ± 0.04 μg/g). The DBP content of acne cream (0.27 ± 0.03 μg/g) was significantly higher than that of non-acne cream (0.17 ± 0.03 μg/g); likewise, there was significantly more DEHP (di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) in acne cleanser (0.87 ± 0.15 μg/g) than non-acne cleanser (0.64 ± 0.36 μg/g). Students and office worker were the main consumers of PCPs; however, among all occupation groups, the daily exposure dose of PCPs for workers was highest (mean = 0.0004, 0.0002, 0.0009 μg/kg bw/day for DEP (diethyl phthalate), DBP, and DEHP, respectively). The cumulative indices of PAEs' exposure revealed that the level of ERα and ERβ binding and AR anti-androgenic effects in workers was respectively 0.4935, 0.0186, and 0.2411 μg/kg bw/day. The risk index (HITDI and HIRfDs) of DEP, DBP, and DEHP was lower than their corresponding reference value (hazard index <1), but using PCPs may cause potential health risks. Therefore, we should pay attention to the adverse effects of PAEs on female reproductive functioning, especially the cumulative exposure of females of childbearing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyang Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, China
| | - Pengyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, China
| | - Sujing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, China
| | - Xue Song
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, China
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