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Mazzi C, Mele S, Bagattini C, Sanchez-Lopez J, Savazzi S. Coherent activity within and between hemispheres: cortico-cortical connectivity revealed by rTMS of the right posterior parietal cortex. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1362742. [PMID: 38516308 PMCID: PMC10954802 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1362742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Low frequency (1 Hz) repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) applied over right posterior parietal cortex (rPPC) has been shown to reduce cortical excitability both of the stimulated area and of the interconnected contralateral homologous areas. In the present study, we investigated the whole pattern of intra- and inter-hemispheric cortico-cortical connectivity changes induced by rTMS over rPPC. Methods To do so, 14 healthy participants underwent resting state EEG recording before and after 30 min of rTMS at 1 Hz or sham stimulation over the rPPC (electrode position P6). Real stimulation was applied at 90% of motor threshold. Coherence values were computed on the electrodes nearby the stimulated site (i.e., P4, P8, and CP6) considering all possible inter- and intra-hemispheric combinations for the following frequency bands: delta (0.5-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12Hz), low beta (12-20 Hz), high beta (20-30 Hz), and gamma (30-50 Hz). Results and discussion Results revealed a significant increase in coherence in delta, theta, alpha and beta frequency bands between rPPC and the contralateral homologous sites. Moreover, an increase in coherence in theta, alpha, beta and gamma frequency bands was found between rPPC and right frontal sites, reflecting the activation of the fronto-parietal network within the right hemisphere. Summarizing, subthreshold rTMS over rPPC revealed cortico-cortical inter- and intra-hemispheric connectivity as measured by the increase in coherence among these areas. Moreover, the present results further confirm previous evidence indicating that the increase of coherence values is related to intra- and inter-hemispheric inhibitory effects of rTMS. These results can have implications for devising evidence-based rehabilitation protocols after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mazzi
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sonia Mele
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Bagattini
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Javier Sanchez-Lopez
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Silvia Savazzi
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Zigiotto L, Amorosino G, Saviola F, Jovicich J, Annicchiarico L, Rozzanigo U, Olivetti E, Avesani P, Sarubbo S. Spontaneous unilateral spatial neglect recovery after brain tumour resection: A multimodal diffusion and rs-fMRI case report. J Neuropsychol 2024; 18 Suppl 1:91-114. [PMID: 37431064 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Patients with unilateral spatial neglect (USN) are unable to explore or to report stimuli presented in the left personal and extra-personal space. USN is usually caused by lesion of the right parietal lobe: nowadays, it is also clear the key role of structural connections (the second and the third branch of the right Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus, respectively, SLF II and III) and functional networks (Dorsal and Ventral Attention Network, respectively, DAN and VAN) in USN. In this multimodal case report, we have merged those structural and functional information derived from a patient with a right parietal lobe tumour and USN before surgery. Functional, structural and neuropsychological data were also collected 6 months after surgery, when the USN was spontaneously recovered. Diffusion metrics and Functional Connectivity (FC) of the right SLF and DAN, before and after surgery, were compared with the same data of a patient with a tumour in a similar location, but without USN, and with a control sample. Results indicate an impairment in the right SLF III and a reduction of FC of the right DAN in patients with USN before surgery compared to controls; after surgery, when USN was recovered, patient's diffusion metrics and FC showed no differences compared to the controls. This single case and its multimodal approach reinforce the crucial role of the right SLF III and DAN in the development and recovery of egocentric and allocentric extra-personal USN, highlighting the need to preserve these structural and functional areas during brain surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Zigiotto
- Department of Neurosurgery, 'S. Chiara' Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy
- Structural and Functional Connectivity Lab Project, 'S. Chiara' Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy
- Department of Psychology, 'S. Chiara' Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy
| | - Gabriele Amorosino
- Neuroinformatics Laboratory (NILab), Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences-CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Francesca Saviola
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences-CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Jorge Jovicich
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences-CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Luciano Annicchiarico
- Department of Neurosurgery, 'S. Chiara' Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy
- Structural and Functional Connectivity Lab Project, 'S. Chiara' Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy
| | - Umberto Rozzanigo
- Department of Neuroradiology, 'S. Chiara' Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy
| | - Emanuele Olivetti
- Neuroinformatics Laboratory (NILab), Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences-CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Paolo Avesani
- Neuroinformatics Laboratory (NILab), Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Trento, Italy
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences-CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Silvio Sarubbo
- Department of Neurosurgery, 'S. Chiara' Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy
- Structural and Functional Connectivity Lab Project, 'S. Chiara' Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy
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Qin Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Wu J, Wang X. Effects of transcranial combined with peripheral repetitive magnetic stimulation on limb spasticity and resting-state brain activity in stroke patients. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:992424. [PMID: 37082150 PMCID: PMC10110929 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.992424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectiveTranscranial magnetic stimulation and peripheral repetitive magnetic stimulation (rPMS), as non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, can promote functional recovery in patients with post-stroke spasticity (PSS), but the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with peripheral magnetic stimulation on PSS remain largely unknown. Therefore, we examined the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) combined with rPMS on PSS patients and its potential neural correlates to behavioral improvements.MethodsForty-nine PSS patients were divided randomly into three groups: a combined group (n = 20), a LF-rTMS group (n = 15), and a control group (n = 14). The combined group received LF-rTMS and rPMS treatment, the rTMS group received LF-rTMS treatment, and the control group received only routine rehabilitation. All patients underwent Ashworth Spasm Scale (MAS), upper extremity Fugl-Meyer (FMA-UE), and modified Barthel Index (MBI) assessments before and after intervention. In addition, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected pre- and post-treatment to observe changes in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF).ResultsThe MAS score was decreased, FMA-UE score and MBI scores were increased in the three groups after therapy than before therapy (all P < 0.05). In particular, the combined group showed significant effect on improved motor function and relieved spasticity in PSS (P < 0.01). Moreover, the combined treatment increased ALFF values mainly in the right supplementary motor area, right middle frontal gyrus, and right cerebellum, while reduced ALFF values mainly in the right post-central gyrus compared with pre-treatment. Compared with the LF-rTMS and control groups, the combined treatment increased ALFF values in the right cerebellum and reduced ALFF values mainly in the frontoparietal cortex. Improvements in the MAS score were positively correlated with the change in ALFF values in the right cerebellum (r = 0.698, P = 0.001) and the right supplementary motor area (r = 0.700, P = 0.001) after combined treatment.ConclusionTranscranial combined with peripheral repetitive magnetic stimulation could improve spastic state and motor function in PSS patients, and this effect may be associated with altered cerebellar and frontoparietal cortical activity.Clinical trial registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, identifier ChiCTR1800019452.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Qin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The 900th Hospital of People’s Liberation Army (Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Yin Qin,
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The 900th Hospital of People’s Liberation Army (Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yinxin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The 900th Hospital of People’s Liberation Army (Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiwei Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The 900th Hospital of People’s Liberation Army (Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Radiology, The 900th Hospital of People’s Liberation Army (Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Veverka T, Hok P, Trnečková M, Otruba P, Zapletalová J, Tüdös Z, Lotze M, Kaňovský P, Hluštík P. Interhemispheric parietal cortex connectivity reflects improvement in post-stroke spasticity due to treatment with botulinum toxin-A. J Neurol Sci 2023; 446:120588. [PMID: 36827809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
In post-stroke spasticity (PSS), effective treatment with botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is associated with transient decrease in activation of the ipsilesional superior parietal lobule (SPL) and intraparietal sulcus (IPS). We hypothesized that this would be reflected in changes in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the SPL/IPS. Our aim was therefore to assess rsFC of the ipsilesional SPL/IPS in chronic stroke patients with hemiparesis both with and without PSS and to explore the relationship between SPL/IPS rsFC and PSS severity. To this end, fourteen chronic stroke patients with upper limb weakness and PSS (the PSS group) and 8 patients with comparable weakness but no PSS (the control group) underwent clinical evaluation and 3 fMRI examinations, at baseline (W0) and 4 and 11 weeks after BoNT (W4 and W11, respectively). Seed-based rsFC of the atlas-based SPL and IPS was evaluated using a group×time interaction analysis and a correlation analysis with PSS severity (modified Ashworth scale), integrity of the ipsilesional somatosensory afferent pathway (evoked potential N20 latency), and age. In the PSS group, transient improvement in PSS was associated with increase in rsFC between the ipsilesional IPS and the contralesional SPL at W4. The interhemispheric connectivity was negatively correlated with PSS severity at baseline and with PSS improvement at W4. We propose adaptation of the internal forward model as the putative underlying mechanism and discuss its possible association with increased limb use, diminished spastic dystonia, or improved motor performance, as well as its potential contribution to the clinical effects of BoNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Veverka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 185/6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czechia.
| | - Pavel Hok
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 185/6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czechia; Functional Imaging Unit, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 46, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Markéta Trnečková
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 1192/12 779 00 Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Pavel Otruba
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 185/6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czechia.
| | - Jana Zapletalová
- Department of Biophysics, Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 185/6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czechia.
| | - Zbyněk Tüdös
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 185/6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czechia.
| | - Martin Lotze
- Functional Imaging Unit, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 46, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Petr Kaňovský
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 185/6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czechia.
| | - Petr Hluštík
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 185/6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czechia.
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Abstract
Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is a common and disabling cognitive consequence of stroke wherein individuals demonstrate decreased response to contralesional information. Here, we provide an updated narrative review of studies that shed light on the neural mechanisms and predictors of recovery of USN. Additionally, we report a rapid review of randomized controlled trials focusing on USN intervention, both nonpharmacological and pharmacological, published in the last 5 years. Randomized controlled trials are reviewed within the context of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of USN interventions published within the same time frame. The quality of randomized controlled trials of treatment is higher compared to quality reported in previous reviews and meta-analyses. However, remaining weaknesses in participant demographic reporting, as well as small, heterogenous samples, render generalizability and cross-study interpretation a challenge. Nevertheless, evidence regarding neural mechanisms underlying USN recovery and regarding the effectiveness of targeted USN interventions is accumulating and strengthening, setting the foundation for future investigations into patient-specific factors that may influence treatment response. We identify gaps and provide suggestions for future USN intervention research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Zezinka Durfee
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (A.Z.D., A.E.H.)
| | - Argye E Hillis
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (A.Z.D., A.E.H.).,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (A.E.H.).,Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.E.H.)
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Cao L, Ye L, Xie H, Zhang Y, Song W. Neural substrates in patients with visual-spatial neglect recovering from right-hemispheric stroke. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:974653. [PMID: 36061609 PMCID: PMC9434016 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.974653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual-spatial attention disorder after stroke seriously affects recovery and quality of life in stroke patients. Previous studies have shown that some patients recovery rapidly from visual-spatial neglect (VSN), but the brain networks underlying this recovery are not well understood. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we aimed to identify network differences between patients who rapidly recovered from VSN and those with persistent VSN. The study included 30 patients with VSN who suffered subacute stroke. Patients were examined 2–4 weeks after stroke onset and 4 weeks after the initial assessment. At the last evaluation, patients in the persistent VSN (n = 15) and rapid recovery (n = 15) groups underwent paper-and-pencil tests. We defined the bilateral frontal eye fields, bilateral intraparietal sulcus in the dorsal attention network, and right temporoparietal junction and ventral frontal cortex areas in the ventral attention network as regions of interest (ROI) and measured whole-brain ROI-based functional connectivity (FC) and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in subacute right-hemisphere stroke patients. VSN recovery was associated with changes in the activation of multiple bilateral attentional brain regions. Specifically, persistent VSN was associated with lower FC in the right superior frontal gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus, right medial orbitofrontal cortex, left precuneus, right inferior parietal gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus, right rectus gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, left middle cingulate gyrus, right superior temporal pole, right postcentral gyrus, and right posterior cingulate gyrus compared to that in those with rapid recovery, whereas ALFF in the left cerebellum were decreased in patients with persistent VSN. Our results demonstrate that the DAN rather than the VAN, plays a more important role in recovery from VSN, and that the cerebellum is involved in recovery. We believe that our results supplement those of previous studies on recovery from VSN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Ye
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Linlin Ye,
| | - Huanxin Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqun Song
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Weiqun Song,
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Zhan Y, Pei J, Wang J, Fu Q, Xu J, Yan M, Cai Y, Cui X, Ye W, Fan M, Yu Q, Jia J. Motor function and fALFF modulation in convalescent-period ischemic stroke patients after scalp acupuncture therapy: a multi-centre randomized controlled trial. Acupunct Med 2022; 41:86-95. [PMID: 35673804 DOI: 10.1177/09645284221086289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scalp acupuncture has been found to be effective at improving motor function after ischemic stroke, but few studies examining its central mechanisms of action have been carried out. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effects of scalp acupuncture on motor dysfunction and changes in spontaneous brain activity in patients with ischemic stroke. METHODS This was an evaluator- and analyst-blinded, multi-center randomized controlled trial. A total of 108 convalescent-stage ischemic stroke patients with motor dysfunction were allocated to receive either scalp acupuncture combined with rehabilitation treatment (SR group) or rehabilitation treatment alone (RE group). Patients in both groups received treatment 5 times per week for 8 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA). Secondary outcome measures included the modified Barthel index (mBI), modified Rankin scale (mRS) and values of fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) acquired using a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) technique. RESULTS Both groups showed significant improvements in motor function, daily life ability and degree of disability, as measured by FMA, mRS and mBI (p < 0.05), and the SR group showed a significantly greater improvement (p < 0.05). Compared with the RE group, the areas where the fALFF values increased in the SR group were located in the cerebellum, praecuneus, precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus and parietal lobe. The improvement in FMA scores had the strongest correlation with the baseline fALFF values of the ipsilateral precentral gyrus. CONCLUSION Scalp acupuncture improved motor function in convalescent-period ischemic stroke patients, and effects were correlated with regulation of motor-relevant brain regions. The fALFF value of the ipsilateral precentral and postcentral gyri could be potential clinical indices for prognostication of motor dysfunction. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03120650 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Zhan
- Department of Acupuncture, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Pei
- Department of Acupuncture, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Changning Tianshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinhui Fu
- Department of Acupuncture, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Acupuncture, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghang Yan
- Department of Acupuncture, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Cai
- Department of Acupuncture, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Changning Tianshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wencheng Ye
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Changning Tianshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxia Fan
- Department of Physics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiurong Yu
- Department of Physics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Jia
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Machner B, Braun L, Imholz J, Koch PJ, Münte TF, Helmchen C, Sprenger A. Resting-State Functional Connectivity in the Dorsal Attention Network Relates to Behavioral Performance in Spatial Attention Tasks and May Show Task-Related Adaptation. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 15:757128. [PMID: 35082607 PMCID: PMC8784839 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.757128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Between-subject variability in cognitive performance has been related to inter-individual differences in functional brain networks. Targeting the dorsal attention network (DAN) we questioned (i) whether resting-state functional connectivity (FC) within the DAN can predict individual performance in spatial attention tasks and (ii) whether there is short-term adaptation of DAN-FC in response to task engagement. Twenty-seven participants first underwent resting-state fMRI (PRE run), they subsequently performed different tasks of spatial attention [including visual search (VS)] and immediately afterwards received another rs-fMRI (POST run). Intra- and inter-hemispheric FC between core hubs of the DAN, bilateral intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and frontal eye field (FEF), was analyzed and compared between PRE and POST. Furthermore, we investigated rs-fMRI-behavior correlations between the DAN-FC in PRE/POST and task performance parameters. The absolute DAN-FC did not change from PRE to POST. However, different significant rs-fMRI-behavior correlations were revealed for intra-/inter-hemispheric connections in the PRE and POST run. The stronger the FC between left FEF and IPS before task engagement, the better was the learning effect (improvement of reaction times) in VS (r = 0.521, p = 0.024). And the faster the VS (mean RT), the stronger was the FC between right FEF and IPS after task engagement (r = −0.502, p = 0.032). To conclude, DAN-FC relates to the individual performance in spatial attention tasks supporting the view of functional brain networks as priors for cognitive ability. Despite a high inter- and intra-individual stability of DAN-FC, the change of FC-behavior correlations after task performance possibly indicates task-related adaptation of the DAN, underlining that behavioral experiences may shape intrinsic brain activity. However, spontaneous state fluctuations of the DAN-FC over time cannot be fully ruled out as an alternative explanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Machner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- *Correspondence: Björn Machner, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-7981-2906
| | - Lara Braun
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jonathan Imholz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp J. Koch
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Münte
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christoph Helmchen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Sprenger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Cassidy JM, Mark JI, Cramer SC. Functional connectivity drives stroke recovery: shifting the paradigm from correlation to causation. Brain 2021; 145:1211-1228. [PMID: 34932786 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of disability, with deficits encompassing multiple functional domains. The heterogeneity underlying stroke poses significant challenges in the prediction of post-stroke recovery, prompting the development of neuroimaging-based biomarkers. Structural neuroimaging measurements, particularly those reflecting corticospinal tract injury, are well-documented in the literature as potential biomarker candidates of post-stroke motor recovery. Consistent with the view of stroke as a 'circuitopathy', functional neuroimaging measures probing functional connectivity may also prove informative in post-stroke recovery. An important step in the development of biomarkers based on functional neural network connectivity is the establishment of causality between connectivity and post-stroke recovery. Current evidence predominantly involves statistical correlations between connectivity measures and post-stroke behavioral status, either cross-sectionally or serially over time. However, the advancement of functional connectivity application in stroke depends on devising experiments that infer causality. In 1965, Sir Austin Bradford Hill introduced nine viewpoints to consider when determining the causality of an association: [1] Strength, [2] Consistency [3] Specificity, [4] Temporality, [5] Biological gradient, [6] Plausibility, [7] Coherence, [8] Experiment, and [9] Analogy. Collectively referred to as the Bradford Hill Criteria, these points have been widely adopted in epidemiology. In this review, we assert the value of implementing Bradford Hill's framework to stroke rehabilitation and neuroimaging. We focus on the role of neural network connectivity measurements acquired from task-oriented and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy in describing and predicting post-stroke behavioral status and recovery. We also identify research opportunities within each Bradford Hill tenet to shift the experimental paradigm from correlation to causation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Cassidy
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Division of Physical Therapy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Jasper I Mark
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Division of Physical Therapy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Steven C Cramer
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles; and California Rehabilitation Institute, Los Angeles, CA USA
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Lan Z, Sun Y, Zhao L, Xiao Y, Kuai C, Xue SW. Aberrant Effective Connectivity of the Ventral Putamen in Boys With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:763-769. [PMID: 34380296 PMCID: PMC8390946 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2020.0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The connectivity alterations in the putamen were found in revealing the neural correlates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but whether the effective connectivity of the putamen is atypical in ADHD remains unclear. Investigating this abnormality contributes to describing the neural circuit of ADHD at the level of macrostructural organization. METHODS Data were acquired from thirty-two boys with ADHD and fifty-two matched typically developing controls (TDC) from Peking University (Peking) dataset deposited at the Neuroimaging Informatics Tools and Resources Clearinghouse (NITRC) platform. We examined the effective connectivity of the putamen using Granger causality analysis (GCA) and then determined whether these connections could differentiate ADHD from TDC. RESULTS Compared with TDC, the ADHD group showed decreased effective connectivity from the left ventral rostral putamen (VRP) to left calcarine (CAL), right medial part of the superior frontal gyrus, left orbital part of superior frontal gyrus and left middle occipital gyrus (MOG). Increased effective connectivity from the left inferior occipital gyrus and right lingual gyrus to left VRP was also found in ADHD. The result of the classification accuracy showed that 72.3% of participants were correctly classified using support vector machine. Moreover, GCA values from the left VRP to left CAL and left MOG were significantly correlated with hyper/impulsive scores of patients with ADHD. CONCLUSION The findings may help extend our understanding of the ADHD-related neural loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Lan
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunkai Sun
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changxiao Kuai
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shao-Wei Xue
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Hua Y, Bai Y. Applications of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Determining the Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Rehabilitation of Spatial Neglect. Front Neurol 2020; 11:548568. [PMID: 33281698 PMCID: PMC7688780 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.548568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a neuroimaging tool which has been applied extensively to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms of neurological disorders. Spatial neglect is considered to be the failure to attend or respond to stimuli on the side of the space or body opposite a cerebral lesion. In this review, we summarize and analyze fMRI studies focused specifically on spatial neglect. Evidence from fMRI studies have highlighted the role of dorsal and ventral attention networks in the pathophysiological mechanisms of spatial neglect, and also support the concept of interhemispheric rivalry as an explanatory model. fMRI studies have shown that several rehabilitation methods can induce activity changes in brain regions implicated in the control of spatial attention. Future investigations with large study cohorts and appropriate subgroup analyses should be conducted to confirm the possibility that fMRI might offer an objective standard for predicting spatial neglect and tracking the response of brain activity to clinical treatment, as well as provide biomarkers to guide rehabilitation for patients with SN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Hua
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulong Bai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Helmchen C, Machner B, Rother M, Spliethoff P, Göttlich M, Sprenger A. Effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation on resting state brain activity in patients with bilateral vestibulopathy. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:2527-2547. [PMID: 32103579 PMCID: PMC7267973 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) on resting state brain activity using fMRI (rs‐fMRI) in patients with bilateral vestibulopathy. Based on our previous findings, we hypothesized that GVS, which excites the vestibular nerve fibers, (a) increases functional connectivity in temporoparietal regions processing vestibular signals, and (b) alleviates abnormal visual–vestibular interaction. Rs‐fMRI of 26 patients and 26 age‐matched healthy control subjects was compared before and after GVS. The stimulation elicited a motion percept in all participants. Using different analyses (degree centrality, DC; fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations [fALFF] and seed‐based functional connectivity, FC), group comparisons revealed smaller rs‐fMRI in the right Rolandic operculum of patients. After GVS, rs‐fMRI increased in the right Rolandic operculum in both groups and in the patients' cerebellar Crus 1 which was related to vestibular hypofunction. GVS elicited a fALFF increase in the visual cortex of patients that was inversely correlated with the patients' rating of perceived dizziness. After GVS, FC between parietoinsular cortex and higher visual areas increased in healthy controls but not in patients. In conclusion, short‐term GVS is able to modulate rs‐fMRI in healthy controls and BV patients. GVS elicits an increase of the reduced rs‐fMRI in the patients' right Rolandic operculum, which may be an important contribution to restore the disturbed visual–vestibular interaction. The GVS‐induced changes in the cerebellum and the visual cortex were associated with lower dizziness‐related handicaps in patients, possibly reflecting beneficial neural plasticity that might subserve visual–vestibular compensation of deficient self‐motion perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Helmchen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Björn Machner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Rother
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peer Spliethoff
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Martin Göttlich
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Sprenger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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