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Russell MD, Shonka DC, Noel J, Karcioglu AS, Ahmed AH, Angelos P, Atkins K, Bischoff L, Buczek E, Caulley L, Freeman J, Kroeker T, Liddy W, McIver B, McMullen C, Nikiforov Y, Orloff L, Scharpf J, Shah J, Shaha A, Singer M, Tolley N, Tuttle RM, Witterick I, Randolph GW. Preoperative Evaluation of Thyroid Cancer: A Review of Current Best Practices. Endocr Pract 2023; 29:811-821. [PMID: 37236353 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The incidence of thyroid cancer has significantly increased in recent decades. Although most thyroid cancers are small and carry an excellent prognosis, a subset of patients present with advanced thyroid cancer, which is associated with increased rates of morbidity and mortality. The management of thyroid cancer requires a thoughtful individualized approach to optimize oncologic outcomes and minimize morbidity associated with treatment. Because endocrinologists usually play a key role in the initial diagnosis and evaluation of thyroid cancers, a thorough understanding of the critical components of the preoperative evaluation facilitates the development of a timely and comprehensive management plan. The following review outlines considerations in the preoperative evaluation of patients with thyroid cancer. METHODS A clinical review based on current literature was generated by a multidisciplinary author panel. RESULTS A review of considerations in the preoperative evaluation of thyroid cancer is provided. The topic areas include initial clinical evaluation, imaging modalities, cytologic evaluation, and the evolving role of mutational testing. Special considerations in the management of advanced thyroid cancer are discussed. CONCLUSION Thorough and thoughtful preoperative evaluation is critical for formulating an appropriate treatment strategy in the management of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika D Russell
- Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - David C Shonka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Julia Noel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Amanda Silver Karcioglu
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Amr H Ahmed
- Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Angelos
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kristen Atkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Lindsay Bischoff
- Division of Endocrinology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Erin Buczek
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy Freeman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Whitney Liddy
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Bryan McIver
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Caitlin McMullen
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Yuri Nikiforov
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lisa Orloff
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Joseph Scharpf
- Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jatin Shah
- Head and Neck Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ashok Shaha
- Head and Neck Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael Singer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Neil Tolley
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Michael Tuttle
- Endocrine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ian Witterick
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory W Randolph
- Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Chen Y, Zhang X, Li D, Park H, Li X, Liu P, Jin J, Shen Y. Automatic segmentation of thyroid with the assistance of the devised boundary improvement based on multicomponent small dataset. APPL INTELL 2023; 53:1-16. [PMID: 37363389 PMCID: PMC10015528 DOI: 10.1007/s10489-023-04540-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Deep learning has been widely considered in medical image segmentation. However, the difficulty of acquiring medical images and labels can affect the accuracy of the segmentation results for deep learning methods. In this paper, an automatic segmentation method is proposed by devising a multicomponent neighborhood extreme learning machine to improve the boundary attention region of the preliminary segmentation results. The neighborhood features are acquired by training U-Nets with the multicomponent small dataset, which consists of original thyroid ultrasound images, Sobel edge images and superpixel images. Afterward, the neighborhood features are selected by min-redundancy and max-relevance filter in the designed extreme learning machine, and the selected features are used to train the extreme learning machine to obtain supplementary segmentation results. Finally, the accuracy of the segmentation results is improved by adjusting the boundary attention region of the preliminary segmentation results with the supplementary segmentation results. This method combines the advantages of deep learning and traditional machine learning, boosting the accuracy of thyroid segmentation accuracy with a small dataset in a multigroup test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Chen
- Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 China
- Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141 Korea
| | - Xin Zhang
- Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 China
| | - Dandan Li
- Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 China
| | - HyunWook Park
- Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141 Korea
| | - Xinran Li
- Mathematics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 China
| | - Peng Liu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Jing Jin
- Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 China
| | - Yi Shen
- Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 China
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