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Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS, Meuli S, Centini FR, Stomeo N, Catapano F, Politi LS. Evaluating the role of 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in neurosurgery: Trends in literature since clinical approval. World J Radiol 2024; 16:274-293. [PMID: 39086607 PMCID: PMC11287432 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v16.i7.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After approval for clinical use in 2017, early investigations of ultra-high-field abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have demonstrated its feasibility as well as diagnostic capabilities in neuroimaging. However, there are no to few systematic reviews covering the entirety of its neurosurgical applications as well as the trends in the literature with regard to the aforementioned application. AIM To assess the impact of 7-Tesla MRI (7T MRI) on neurosurgery, focusing on its applications in diagnosis, treatment planning, and postoperative assessment, and to systematically analyze and identify patterns and trends in the existing literature related to the utilization of 7T MRI in neurosurgical contexts. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed was conducted for studies published between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2023, using MeSH terms related to 7T MRI and neurosurgery. The inclusion criteria were: Studies involving patients of all ages, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and original research. The exclusion criteria were: Pre-prints, studies with insufficient data (e.g., case reports and letters), non-English publications, and studies involving animal subjects. Data synthesis involved standardized extraction forms, and a narrative synthesis was performed. RESULTS We identified 219 records from PubMed within our defined period, with no duplicates or exclusions before screening. After screening, 125 articles were excluded for not meeting inclusion criteria, leaving 94 reports. Of these, 2 were irrelevant to neurosurgery and 7 were animal studies, resulting in 85 studies included in our systematic review. Data were categorized by neurosurgical procedures and diseases treated using 7T MRI. We also analyzed publications by country and the number of 7T MRI facilities per country was also presented. Experimental studies were classified into comparison and non-comparison studies based on whether 7T MRI was compared to lower field strengths. CONCLUSION 7T MRI holds great potential in improving the characterization and understanding of various neurological and psychiatric conditions that may be neurosurgically treated. These include epilepsy, pituitary adenoma, Parkinson's disease, cerebrovascular diseases, trigeminal neuralgia, traumatic head injury, multiple sclerosis, glioma, and psychiatric disorders. Superiority of 7T MRI over lower field strengths was demonstrated in terms of image quality, lesion detection, and tissue characterization. Findings suggest the need for accelerated global distribution of 7T magnetic resonance systems and increased training for radiologists to ensure safe and effective integration into routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Meuli
- Faculty of Medicine, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan 20072, Italy
| | | | - Niccolò Stomeo
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele - Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Catapano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele - Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano - Milan, Italy
| | - Letterio S Politi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele - Milan, Italy
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy
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Liu H, Li J, Takahashi S, Toyoda A, Inoue R, Koyanagi M, Hayashi SM, Xu M, Yamamoto Y, Nagaoka K. Alpha-glycosyl isoquercitrin alleviates subchronic social defeat stress-induced depression symptoms by modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis in mice. Life Sci 2024; 344:122561. [PMID: 38490298 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Increasing evidence suggests a link between gut microbial dysbiosis and the pathogenesis of depression. Alpha-glycosyl isoquercitrin (AGIQ), consisting of isoquercitrin and its glycosylated quercetin, has beneficial effects on the gut microbiome and brain function. Here, we detected the potential antidepressant impact of a four-week administration of AGIQ and its underlying mechanisms using a mouse model of depression. MAIN METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were orally administered AGIQ (0.05 % or 0.5 % in drinking water) for 28 days; subchronic social defeat stress was performed in the last 10 days. Behavior tests were conducted to assess anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. Additionally, evaluations encompassed 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels, the gut microbiota composition, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentrations, short-chain fatty acids levels, and intestinal barrier integrity changes. KEY FINDINGS AGIQ significantly alleviated depression-like behaviors and increased hippocampal 5-HT levels. Further, AGIQ mitigated stress-induced gut microbial abnormalities and reduced the levels of LPS in the serum, which affected the relative gene expression levels of 5-HT biosynthesis enzymes in vitro. Furthermore, AGIQ reversed the reduced butyrate levels in cecal contents and improved the impaired intestinal barrier by increasing the expression of colonic zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) and occludin, thereby decreasing LPS leakage. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that AGIQ could improve stress-induced depression by regulating the gut microbiome, which inhibits LPS production and maintains the gut barrier. This is the first report on the potential effect of AGIQ on depression via the gut microbiota-brain axis, shedding new light on treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junjie Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Takahashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Laboratory of Feed Science, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Shim-Mo Hayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Food Additives, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Meiyu Xu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
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Citro S, Lazzaro GD, Cimmino AT, Giuffrè GM, Marra C, Calabresi P. A multiple hits hypothesis for memory dysfunction in Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Neurol 2024; 20:50-61. [PMID: 38052985 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-023-00905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive disorders are increasingly recognized in Parkinson disease (PD), even in early disease stages, and memory is one of the most affected cognitive domains. Classically, hippocampal cholinergic system dysfunction was associated with memory disorders, whereas nigrostriatal dopaminergic system impairment was considered responsible for executive deficits. Evidence from PD studies now supports involvement of the amygdala, which modulates emotional attribution to experiences. Here, we propose a tripartite model including the hippocampus, striatum and amygdala as key structures for cognitive disorders in PD. First, the anatomo-functional relationships of these structures are explored and experimental evidence supporting their role in cognitive dysfunction in PD is summarized. We then discuss the potential role of α-synuclein, a pathological hallmark of PD, in the tripartite memory system as a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of memory disorders in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Citro
- Neurology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Lazzaro
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Tiziano Cimmino
- Neurology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Maria Giuffrè
- Neurology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Camillo Marra
- Neurology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Neurology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Khezerloo D. Reply to Letter to Editor. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:2207-2208. [PMID: 37493788 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Davood Khezerloo
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
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Siciliano M, De Micco R, Russo AG, Esposito F, Sant'Elia V, Ricciardi L, Morgante F, Russo A, Goldman JG, Chiorri C, Tedeschi G, Trojano L, Tessitore A. Memory Phenotypes In Early, De Novo Parkinson's Disease Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1461-1472. [PMID: 37319041 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Memory deficits in mild cognitive impairment related to Parkinson's disease (PD-MCI) are quite heterogeneous, and there is no general agreement on their genesis. OBJECTIVES To define memory phenotypes in de novo PD-MCI and their associations with motor and non-motor features and patients' quality of life. METHODS From a sample of 183 early de novo patients with PD, cluster analysis was applied to neuropsychological measures of memory function of 82 patients with PD-MCI (44.8%). The remaining patients free of cognitive impairment were considered as a comparison group (n = 101). Cognitive measures and structural magnetic resonance imaging-based neural correlates of memory function were used to substantiate the results. RESULTS A three-cluster model produced the best solution. Cluster A (65.85%) included memory unimpaired patients; Cluster B (23.17%) included patients with mild episodic memory disorder related to a "prefrontal executive-dependent phenotype"; Cluster C (10.97%) included patients with severe episodic memory disorder related to a "hybrid phenotype," where hippocampal-dependent deficits co-occurred with prefrontal executive-dependent memory dysfunctions. Cognitive and brain structural imaging correlates substantiated the findings. The three phenotypes did not differ in terms of motor and non-motor features, but the attention/executive deficits progressively increased from Cluster A, through Cluster B, to Cluster C. This last cluster had worse quality of life compared to others. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated the memory heterogeneity of de novo PD-MCI, suggesting existence of three distinct memory-related phenotypes. Identification of such phenotypes can be fruitful in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PD-MCI and its subtypes and in guiding appropriate treatments. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Siciliano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences-MRI Research Center Vanvitelli-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosa De Micco
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences-MRI Research Center Vanvitelli-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Gerardo Russo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences-MRI Research Center Vanvitelli-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Esposito
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences-MRI Research Center Vanvitelli-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Sant'Elia
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences-MRI Research Center Vanvitelli-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Ricciardi
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Morgante
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Russo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences-MRI Research Center Vanvitelli-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Chiorri
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Tedeschi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences-MRI Research Center Vanvitelli-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Trojano
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tessitore
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences-MRI Research Center Vanvitelli-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Erhardt E, Horner A, Shaff N, Wertz C, Nitschke S, Vakhtin A, Mayer A, Adair J, Knoefel J, Rosenberg G, Poston K, Suarez Cedeno G, Deligtisch A, Pirio Richardson S, Ryman S. Longitudinal hippocampal subfields, CSF biomarkers, and cognition in patients with Parkinson disease. Clin Park Relat Disord 2023; 9:100199. [PMID: 38107672 PMCID: PMC10724830 DOI: 10.1016/j.prdoa.2023.100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Hippocampal atrophy is an indicator of emerging dementia in PD, though it is unclear whether cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) Abeta-42, t-tau, or alpha-syn predict hippocampal subfield atrophy in a de novo cohort of PD patients. To examine whether levels of CSF alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn), beta-amyloid 1-42 (Abeta-42), or total-tau (t-tau) are associated with hippocampal subfield volumes over time. Methods We identified a subset of Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) de novo PD patients with longitudinal T1-weighted imaging (baseline plus at least two additional visits across 12, 24, and 48 months) and CSF biomarkers available at baseline. We performed cross-sectional, regression, and linear mixed model analyses to evaluate the baseline and longitudinal CSF biomarkers, hippocampal subfields, and cognition. A false discovery rate (FDR) was used to correct for multiple comparisons. Results 88 PD-CN and 21 PD-MCI had high quality longitudinal data. PD-MCI patients exhibited reduced bilateral CA1 volumes relative to PD-CN, though there were no significant differences in CSF biomarkers between these groups. Relationships between CSF biomarkers and hippocampal subfields changed over time, with a general pattern that lower CSF Abeta-42, higher t-tau and higher alpha-syn were associated with smaller hippocampal subfields, primarily in the right hemisphere. Conclusion We replicated prior reports that demonstrated reduced CA1 volumes in PD-MCI in a de novo PD cohort. CSF biomarkers were associated with individual subfields, with evidence that the increased CSF t-tau was associated with smaller subiculum volumes at baseline and over time, though there was no clear indication that the subfields associated with cognition (CA1 and HATA) were associated with CSF biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Erhardt
- University of New Mexico, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, USA
| | - Anna Horner
- Mind Research Network, Department of Translational Neuroscience, USA
| | - Nicholas Shaff
- Mind Research Network, Department of Translational Neuroscience, USA
| | - Chris Wertz
- Mind Research Network, Department of Translational Neuroscience, USA
| | | | - Andrei Vakhtin
- Mind Research Network, Department of Translational Neuroscience, USA
| | - Andrew Mayer
- Mind Research Network, Department of Translational Neuroscience, USA
| | - John Adair
- University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Department of Neurology, USA
| | - Janice Knoefel
- University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Department of Neurology, USA
| | - Gary Rosenberg
- University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Department of Neurology, USA
| | - Kathleen Poston
- Stanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, USA
| | | | - Amanda Deligtisch
- University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Department of Neurology, USA
| | | | - Sephira Ryman
- Mind Research Network, Department of Translational Neuroscience, USA
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7
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Fama R, Müller-Oehring EM, Levine TF, Sullivan EV, Sassoon SA, Asok P, Brontë-Stewart HM, Poston KL, Pohl KM, Pfefferbaum A, Schulte T. Episodic memory deficit in HIV infection: common phenotype with Parkinson's disease, different neural substrates. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:845-858. [PMID: 37069296 PMCID: PMC10147801 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Episodic memory deficits occur in people living with HIV (PLWH) and individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Given known effects of HIV and PD on frontolimbic systems, episodic memory deficits are often attributed to executive dysfunction. Although executive dysfunction, evidenced as retrieval deficits, is relevant to mnemonic deficits, learning deficits may also contribute. Here, the California Verbal Learning Test-II, administered to 42 PLWH, 41 PD participants, and 37 controls, assessed learning and retrieval using measures of free recall, cued recall, and recognition. Executive function was assessed with a composite score comprising Stroop Color-Word Reading and Backward Digit Spans. Neurostructural correlates were examined with MRI of frontal (precentral, superior, orbital, middle, inferior, supplemental motor, medial) and limbic (hippocampus, thalamus) volumes. HIV and PD groups were impaired relative to controls on learning and free and cued recall trials but did not differ on recognition or retention of learned material. In no case did executive functioning solely account for the observed mnemonic deficits or brain-performance relations. Critically, the shared learning and retrieval deficits in HIV and PD were related to different substrates of frontolimbic mnemonic neurocircuitry. Specifically, diminished learning and poorer free and cued recall were related to smaller orbitofrontal volume in PLWH but not PD, whereas diminished learning in PD but not PLWH was related to smaller frontal superior volume. In PD, poorer recognition correlated with smaller thalamic volume and poorer retention to hippocampal volume. Although memory deficits were similar, the neural correlates in HIV and PD suggest different pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Fama
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Eva M Müller-Oehring
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
| | - Taylor F Levine
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Edith V Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Stephanie A Sassoon
- Neuroscience Program, Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Priya Asok
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Helen M Brontë-Stewart
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kathleen L Poston
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kilian M Pohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Tilman Schulte
- Neuroscience Program, Center for Health Sciences, Bioscience Division, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Clinical Psychology, Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
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8
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Atrophy asymmetry in hippocampal subfields in patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:495-504. [PMID: 36593344 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Volumetric analysis of hippocampal subfields and their asymmetry assessment recently has been useful biomarkers in neuroscience. In this study, hippocampal subfields atrophy and pattern of their asymmetry in the patient with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were evaluated. MRI images of 20 AD patients, 20 MCI patients, and 20 healthy control (HC) were selected. The volumes of hippocampal subfields were extracted automatically using Freesurfer toolkit. The subfields asymmetry index (AI) and laterality ([Formula: see text]) were also evaluated. Analysis of covariance was used to compare the subfields volume between three patient groups (age and gender as covariates). We used ANOVA (P < 0.05) test for multiple comparisons with Bonferroni's post hoc correction method. Hippocampal subfields volume in AD patients were significantly lower than HC and MCI groups (P < 0.02); however, no significant difference was observed between MCI and HC groups. The asymmetry index (AI) in some subfields was significantly different between AD and MCI, as well as between AD and HC, while there was not any significant difference between MCI groups with HC. In all three patient groups, rightward laterality ([Formula: see text]) was seen in several subfields except subiculum, presubiculum, and parasubiculum, while in AD patient, rightward lateralization slightly decrease. Hippocampal subfields asymmetry can be used as a quantitative biomarker in neurocognitive disorders. In this study, it was observed that the asymmetry index of some subfields in AD is significantly different from MCI. In AD, patient rightward laterality was less MCI an HC group.
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9
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Jia E, Sheng Y, Shi H, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Qi T, Pan M, Bai Y, Zhao X, Ge Q. Spatial Transcriptome Profiling of Mouse Hippocampal Single Cell Microzone in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031810. [PMID: 36768134 PMCID: PMC9915078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is an important part of the limbic system in the human brain that has essential roles in spatial navigation and cognitive functions. It is still unknown how gene expression changes in single-cell in different spatial locations of the hippocampus of Parkinson's disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze the gene expression features of single cells in different spatial locations of mouse hippocampus, and to explore the effects of gene expression regulation on learning and memory mechanisms. Here, we obtained 74 single-cell samples from different spatial locations in a mouse hippocampus through microdissection technology, and used single-cell RNA-sequencing and spatial transcriptome sequencing to visualize and quantify the single-cell transcriptome features of tissue sections. The results of differential expression analysis showed that the expression of Sv2b, Neurod6, Grp and Stk32b genes in a hippocampus single cell at different locations was significantly different, and the marker genes of CA1, CA3 and DG subregions were identified. The results of gene function enrichment analysis showed that the up-regulated differentially expressed genes Tubb2a, Eno1, Atp2b1, Plk2, Map4, Pex5l, Fibcd1 and Pdzd2 were mainly involved in neuron to neuron synapse, vesicle-mediated transport in synapse, calcium signaling pathway and neurodegenerative disease pathways, thus affecting learning and memory function. It revealed the transcriptome profile and heterogeneity of spatially located cells in the hippocampus of PD for the first time, and demonstrated that the impaired learning and memory ability of PD was affected by the synergistic effect of CA1 and CA3 subregions neuron genes. These results are crucial for understanding the pathological mechanism of the Parkinson's disease and making precise treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erteng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, China
| | - Yuqi Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Huajuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ting Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Min Pan
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Yunfei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xiangwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Q.G.); Tel./Fax: +86-025-8379-2396 (Q.G.)
| | - Qinyu Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Q.G.); Tel./Fax: +86-025-8379-2396 (Q.G.)
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10
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Siquier A, Andrés P. Face name matching and memory complaints in Parkinson's disease. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1051488. [PMID: 36452376 PMCID: PMC9702071 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1051488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Memory impairment is a hallmark cognitive deficit in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, it remains unclear which processes underlie this deficit in PD. Also, little is known on these patients' subjective experiences of memory difficulties and their relationship with objective measures. We aim to portray memory deficits in PD by combining objective and subjective memory measures. Methods Fifteen PD patients and 15 controls were assessed with an extended version of the Face-Name Associative Memory Exam (FNAME) and the Memory Failures of Everyday Questionnaire (MFE-28). We also explored the relationship among clinical and cognitive variables. Results Participants with PD presented with more memory complaints. On the FNAME, these patients exhibited lower performance in free recall, as well as in name recognition and matching. Importantly, when controlling for initial learning, group effects disappeared, except for matching. Associative memory therefore was significantly compromised in PD and correlated with subjective memory complaints (SMC). Conclusion Our findings suggest that associative memory may constitute a sensitive measure to detect subtle memory deficits in PD. Moreover, the current study further clarifies the source of memory impairment in PD. Thus, our study highlights the clinical value of including associative memory tests such as the FNAME in PD neuropsychological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antònia Siquier
- Neuropsychology and Cognition Research Group, Department of Psychology, Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Pilar Andrés
- Neuropsychology and Cognition Research Group, Department of Psychology, Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
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11
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Imaging the Limbic System in Parkinson's Disease-A Review of Limbic Pathology and Clinical Symptoms. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091248. [PMID: 36138984 PMCID: PMC9496800 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The limbic system describes a complex of brain structures central for memory, learning, as well as goal directed and emotional behavior. In addition to pathological studies, recent findings using in vivo structural and functional imaging of the brain pinpoint the vulnerability of limbic structures to neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) throughout the disease course. Accordingly, dysfunction of the limbic system is critically related to the symptom complex which characterizes PD, including neuropsychiatric, vegetative, and motor symptoms, and their heterogeneity in patients with PD. The aim of this systematic review was to put the spotlight on neuroimaging of the limbic system in PD and to give an overview of the most important structures affected by the disease, their function, disease related alterations, and corresponding clinical manifestations. PubMed was searched in order to identify the most recent studies that investigate the limbic system in PD with the help of neuroimaging methods. First, PD related neuropathological changes and corresponding clinical symptoms of each limbic system region are reviewed, and, finally, a network integration of the limbic system within the complex of PD pathology is discussed.
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12
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Chen YC, Ton That V, Ugonna C, Liu Y, Nadel L, Chou YH. Diffusion MRI-guided theta burst stimulation enhances memory and functional connectivity along the inferior longitudinal fasciculus in mild cognitive impairment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2113778119. [PMID: 35594397 PMCID: PMC9173759 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113778119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) during aging is often a harbinger of Alzheimer’s disease, and, therefore, early intervention to preserve cognitive abilities before the MCI symptoms become medically refractory is particularly critical. Functional MRI–guided transcranial magnetic stimulation is a promising approach for modulating hippocampal functional connectivity and enhancing memory in healthy adults. Here, we extend these previous findings to individuals with MCI and leverage theta burst stimulation (TBS) and white matter tractography derived from diffusion-weighted MRI to target the hippocampus. Our preliminary findings suggested that TBS could be used to improve associative memory performance and increase resting-state functional connectivity of the hippocampus and other brain regions, including the occipital fusiform, frontal orbital cortex, putamen, posterior parahippocampal gyrus, and temporal pole, along the inferior longitudinal fasciculus in MCI. Although the sample size is small, these results shed light on how TBS propagates from the superficial cortex around the parietal lobe to the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chin Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Viet Ton That
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Chidi Ugonna
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Yilin Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Lynn Nadel
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Program in Cognitive Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Ying-hui Chou
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Program in Cognitive Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
- Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute, Tucson, AZ 85721
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13
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Moudio S, Rodin F, Albargothy NJ, Karlsson U, Reyes JF, Hallbeck M. Exposure of α-Synuclein Aggregates to Organotypic Slice Cultures Recapitulates Key Molecular Features of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2022; 13:826102. [PMID: 35309552 PMCID: PMC8925863 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.826102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of proteinaceous deposits comprised largely of the α-synuclein protein is one of the main hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) and related synucleinopathies. Their progressive development coincides with site-specific phosphorylation, oxidative stress and eventually, compromised neuronal function. However, modeling protein aggregate formation in animal or in vitro models has proven notably difficult. Here, we took advantage of a preclinical organotypic brain slice culture model to study α-synuclein aggregate formation ex vivo. We monitored the progressive and gradual changes induced by α-synuclein such as cellular toxicity, autophagy activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular death as well as α-synuclein modification including site-specific phosphorylation. Our results demonstrate that organotypic brain slice cultures can be cultured for long periods of time and when cultured in the presence of aggregated α-synuclein, the molecular features of PD are recapitulated. Taken together, this ex vivo model allows for detailed modeling of the molecular features of PD, thus enabling studies on the cumulative effects of α-synuclein in a complex environment. This provides a platform to screen potential disease-modifying therapeutic candidates aimed at impeding α-synuclein aggregation and/or cellular transmission. Moreover, this model provides a robust replacement for in vivo studies that do not include behavioral experiments, thus providing a way to reduce the number of animals used in an accelerated timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Moudio
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Rodin
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nazira Jamal Albargothy
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Urban Karlsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Juan F Reyes
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Martin Hallbeck
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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14
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Montaser-Kouhsari L, Young CB, Poston KL. Neuroimaging approaches to cognition in Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2022; 269:257-286. [PMID: 35248197 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While direct visualization of Lewy body accumulation within the brain is not yet possible in living Parkinson's disease patients, brain imaging studies offer insights into how the buildup of Lewy body pathology impacts different regions of the brain. Unlike biological biomarkers and purely behavioral research, these brain imaging studies therefore offer a unique opportunity to relate brain localization to cognitive function and dysfunction in living patients. Magnetic resonance imaging studies can reveal physical changes in brain structure as they relate to different cognitive domains and task specific impairments. Functional imaging studies use a combination of task and resting state magnetic resonance imaging, as well as positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography, and can be used to determine changes in blood flow, neuronal activation and neurochemical changes in the brain associated with PD cognition and cognitive impairments. Other unique advantages to brain imaging studies are the ability to monitor changes in brain structure and function longitudinally as patients progress and the ability to study changes in brain function when patients are exposed to different pharmacological manipulations. This is particularly true when assessing the effects of dopaminergic replacement therapy on cognitive function in Parkinson's disease patients. Together, this chapter will describe imaging studies that have helped identify structural and functional brain changes associated with cognition, cognitive impairment, and dementia in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Montaser-Kouhsari
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Christina B Young
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kathleen L Poston
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
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15
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Mold MJ, Exley C. Aluminium co-localises with Biondi ring tangles in Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1465. [PMID: 35087154 PMCID: PMC8795119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05627-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminium is known to accumulate in neuropathological hallmarks. However, such has only tentatively been suggested in Biondi ring tangles. Owing to their intracellular and filamentous structure rich in β-pleated sheets, Biondi ring tangles might attract the adventitious binding of aluminium in regions of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. The study's objective was to establish whether aluminium co-localises with Biondi ring tangles in the brains of Parkinson's disease donors versus a donor that went on to develop late-onset epilepsy. Herein, we have performed immunohistochemistry for phosphorylated tau, complemented with aluminium-specific fluorescence microscopy in the choroid plexus of Parkinson's disease donors and in a donor that developed late-onset epilepsy. Aluminium co-localises with lipid-rich Biondi ring tangles in the choroid plexus. While Biondi ring tangles are not composed of phosphorylated tau, the latter is identified in nuclei of choroidal cells where aluminium and Biondi ring tangles are co-located. Although Biondi ring tangles are considered artefacts in imaging studies using positron emission tomography, their ability to bind aluminium and then release it upon their subsequent rupture and escape from choroidal cells may allow for a mechanism that may propagate for aluminium toxicity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew John Mold
- The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Christopher Exley
- The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
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16
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Kothapalli SV, Benzinger TL, Aschenbrenner AJ, Perrin RJ, Hildebolt CF, Goyal MS, Fagan AM, Raichle ME, Morris JC, Yablonskiy DA. Quantitative Gradient Echo MRI Identifies Dark Matter as a New Imaging Biomarker of Neurodegeneration that Precedes Tisssue Atrophy in Early Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 85:905-924. [PMID: 34897083 PMCID: PMC8842777 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, brain tissue atrophy serves as an in vivo MRI biomarker of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, postmortem histopathological studies show that neuronal loss in AD exceeds volumetric loss of tissue and that loss of memory in AD begins when neurons and synapses are lost. Therefore, in vivo detection of neuronal loss prior to detectable atrophy in MRI is essential for early AD diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To apply a recently developed quantitative Gradient Recalled Echo (qGRE) MRI technique for in vivo evaluation of neuronal loss in human hippocampus. METHODS Seventy participants were recruited from the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, representing three groups: Healthy controls [Clinical Dementia Rating® (CDR®) = 0, amyloid β (Aβ)-negative, n = 34]; Preclinical AD (CDR = 0, Aβ-positive, n = 19); and mild AD (CDR = 0.5 or 1, Aβ-positive, n = 17). RESULTS In hippocampal tissue, qGRE identified two types of regions: one, practically devoid of neurons, we designate as "Dark Matter", and the other, with relatively preserved neurons, "Viable Tissue". Data showed a greater loss of neurons than defined by atrophy in the mild AD group compared with the healthy control group; neuronal loss ranged between 31% and 43%, while volume loss ranged only between 10% and 19%. The concept of Dark Matter was confirmed with histopathological study of one participant who underwent in vivo qGRE 14 months prior to expiration. CONCLUSION In vivo qGRE method identifies neuronal loss that is associated with impaired AD-related cognition but is not recognized by MRI measurements of tissue atrophy, therefore providing new biomarkers for early AD detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tammie L. Benzinger
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew J. Aschenbrenner
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard J. Perrin
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Manu S. Goyal
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anne M. Fagan
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marcus E. Raichle
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C. Morris
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dmitriy A. Yablonskiy
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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17
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Progressive cortical and sub-cortical alterations in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis. J Neurol 2022; 269:389-398. [PMID: 34297178 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10643-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced structural analyses are increasingly being highly valued to uncover pathophysiological understanding of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether and how antibody-mediated NMDAR dysfunction affected cortical and sub-cortical brain morphology and their relationship with clinical symptoms. METHODS We performed surface-based morphometry analyses, hippocampal segmentation, and correlational analyses in 24 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis after acute disease stage and 30 normal controls (NC) in this case-control study. RESULTS Patients showed significantly decreased cortical alterations mainly in language network (LN) and default mode network (DMN), as well as decreased gray matter volume in left cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) body of hippocampus. Further correlation analyses showed that the decreased cortical thickness in the right superior frontier gyrus was associated with decreased cognitive scores, the decreased cortical volume in the right pars triangulari and decreased surface area in the right pars operculari were associated with decreased memory scores, whereas decreased gray matter volume in the left CA1 body was significantly correlated with longer time between first symptom and imaging in the patients. CONCLUSION These results suggested that cognitive impairments resulted from long-term sequelae of the encephalitis were mainly associated with cortical alterations in LN and DMN and sub-cortical atrophy of left CA1 body, which can be served as effective features to assess disease progression in clinical routine examination.
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18
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Luo C, Gao Y, Hu N, Wei X, Xiao Y, Wang W, Lui S, Gong Q. Distinct hippocampal subfield atrophy in Parkinson's disease regarding motor subtypes. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 93:66-70. [PMID: 34808520 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Global hippocampal atrophy has been repeatedly reported in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there is limited literature on the differential involvement of hippocampal subfields among PD motor subtypes. This study aimed to investigate hippocampal subfield alterations in patients with PD based on their predominant symptoms. METHOD We enrolled 31 PD patients with the tremor-dominant (TD) subtype, 27 PD patients with postural instability and gait disturbance-dominant (PIGD) subtype, and 40 healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent high-spatial-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. The volume of hippocampal subfields was measured using FreeSurfer software, compared across groups, and correlated with clinical features. RESULTS We found volumetric reductions in the hippocampal subfield in both patient subtypes compared to HCs, which were more pronounced in the PIGD subtype. The PIGD subtype had accelerated age-related alterations in the hippocampus compared to the TD subtype. Bilateral hippocampal volumes were positively associated with cognitive performance levels, but not with disease severity and duration in patients. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in the hippocampal subfields of patients with PD differed based on their predominant symptoms. These findings are of relevance for understanding the pathophysiology of the increased risk of cognitive impairment in PIGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Hu
- Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Wei
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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19
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Crosson B. The Role of the Thalamus in Declarative and Procedural Linguistic Memory Processes. Front Psychol 2021; 12:682199. [PMID: 34630202 PMCID: PMC8496746 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.682199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Typically, thalamic aphasias appear to be primarily lexical-semantic disorders representing difficulty using stored declarative memories for semantic information to access lexical word forms. Yet, there also is reason to believe that the thalamus might play a role in linguistic procedural memory. For more than two decades, we have known that basal ganglia dysfunction is associated with difficulties in procedural learning, and specific thalamic nuclei are the final waypoint back to the cortex in cortico-basal ganglia-cortical loops. Recent analyses of the role of the thalamus in lexical-semantic processes and of the role of the basal ganglia in linguistic processes suggest that thalamic participation is not simply a matter of declarative vs. procedural memory, but a matter of how the thalamus participates in lexical-semantic processes and in linguistic procedural memory, as well as the interaction of these processes. One role for the thalamus in accessing lexical forms for semantic concepts relates to the stabilization of a very complex semantic-lexical interface with thousands of representations on both sides of the interface. Further, the possibility is discussed that the thalamus, through its participation in basal ganglia loops, participates in two linguistic procedural memory processes: syntactic/grammatical procedures and procedures for finding words to represent semantic concepts, with the latter interacting intricately with declarative memories. These concepts are discussed in detail along with complexities that can be addressed by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Crosson
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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20
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Vachha B, Huang SY. MRI with ultrahigh field strength and high-performance gradients: challenges and opportunities for clinical neuroimaging at 7 T and beyond. Eur Radiol Exp 2021; 5:35. [PMID: 34435246 PMCID: PMC8387544 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-021-00216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Research in ultrahigh magnetic field strength combined with ultrahigh and ultrafast gradient technology has provided enormous gains in sensitivity, resolution, and contrast for neuroimaging. This article provides an overview of the technical advantages and challenges of performing clinical neuroimaging studies at ultrahigh magnetic field strength combined with ultrahigh and ultrafast gradient technology. Emerging clinical applications of 7-T MRI and state-of-the-art gradient systems equipped with up to 300 mT/m gradient strength are reviewed, and the impact and benefits of such advances to anatomical, structural and functional MRI are discussed in a variety of neurological conditions. Finally, an outlook and future directions for ultrahigh field MRI combined with ultrahigh and ultrafast gradient technology in neuroimaging are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behroze Vachha
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Susie Y Huang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Room 2301, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
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21
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Neuropsychiatric and Cognitive Deficits in Parkinson's Disease and Their Modeling in Rodents. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060684. [PMID: 34204380 PMCID: PMC8234051 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with a large burden of non-motor symptoms including olfactory and autonomic dysfunction, as well as neuropsychiatric (depression, anxiety, apathy) and cognitive disorders (executive dysfunctions, memory and learning impairments). Some of these non-motor symptoms may precede the onset of motor symptoms by several years, and they significantly worsen during the course of the disease. The lack of systematic improvement of these non-motor features by dopamine replacement therapy underlines their multifactorial origin, with an involvement of monoaminergic and cholinergic systems, as well as alpha-synuclein pathology in frontal and limbic cortical circuits. Here we describe mood and neuropsychiatric disorders in PD and review their occurrence in rodent models of PD. Altogether, toxin-based rodent models of PD indicate a significant but non-exclusive contribution of mesencephalic dopaminergic loss in anxiety, apathy, and depressive-like behaviors, as well as in learning and memory deficits. Gene-based models display significant deficits in learning and memory, as well as executive functions, highlighting the contribution of alpha-synuclein pathology to these non-motor deficits. Collectively, neuropsychiatric and cognitive deficits are recapitulated to some extent in rodent models, providing partial but nevertheless useful options to understand the pathophysiology of non-motor symptoms and develop therapeutic options for these debilitating symptoms of PD.
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22
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Carlesimo GA, Taglieri S, Zabberoni S, Scalici F, Peppe A, Caltagirone C, Costa A. Subjective organization in the episodic memory of individuals with Parkinson's disease associated with mild cognitive impairment. J Neuropsychol 2021; 16:161-182. [PMID: 34089629 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Word clustering (i.e., the ability to reproduce the same word pairs in consecutive recall trials of an unrelated word list) has been extensively investigated as a proxy of subjective organization (SO) of memorandum. In healthy subjects and in groups of brain-damaged patients, the rate of SO generally predicts accuracy of word list recall. This study aimed at evaluating SO in the performance of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) on a word list recall task in order to investigate the basic mechanisms of episodic memory impairment that are frequently observed in these patients. For this purpose, 56 PD patients, who were stratified according to the presence and quality of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and a group of healthy controls (HCs) were administered a word list task and an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests. Results showed that recall accuracy on the word list task progressively decreased passing from HC to PD patients without cognitive impairment, to patients with single-domain dysexecutive MCI and to patients with multiple-domain dysexecutive and amnesic MCI. Conversely, only the latter PD group showed a lower SO score than that achieved by the other groups. In the overall PD group, correlational and regression analyses demonstrated that SO scores and a composite score of executive functions were not reciprocally related, but both provided an independent and significant contribution to the prediction of word list recall accuracy. These data are discussed in terms of the contribution of executive functions and hippocampal storage processes to the onset of memory impairment in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Taglieri
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Niccolò Cusano University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Costa
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Niccolò Cusano University, Rome, Italy
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23
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Pourzinal D, Yang JHJ, Bakker A, McMahon KL, Byrne GJ, Pontone GM, Mari Z, Dissanayaka NN. Hippocampal correlates of episodic memory in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging studies. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2097-2116. [PMID: 34075634 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present review asks whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies are able to define neural correlates of episodic memory within the hippocampus in Parkinson's disease (PD). Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, CINAHL, and EMBASE using search terms related to structural and functional MRI (fMRI), the hippocampus, episodic memory, and PD. Risk of bias was assessed for each study using the Newtown-Ottawa Scale. Thirty-nine studies met inclusion criteria; eight fMRI, seven diffusion MRI (dMRI), and 24 structural MRI (14 exploring whole hippocampus and 10 exploring hippocampal subfields). Critical analysis of the literature revealed mixed evidence from functional and dMRI, but stronger evidence from sMRI of the hippocampus as a biomarker for episodic memory impairment in PD. Hippocampal subfield studies most often implicated CA1, CA3/4, and subiculum volume in episodic memory and cognitive decline in PD. Despite differences in imaging methodology, study design, and sample characteristics, MRI studies have helped elucidate an important neural correlate of episodic memory impairment in PD with both clinical and theoretical implications. Natural progression of this work encourages future research on hippocampal subfield function as a potential biomarker of, or therapeutic target for, episodic memory dysfunction in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Pourzinal
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ji Hyun J Yang
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Arnold Bakker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katie L McMahon
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gerard J Byrne
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Mental Health Service, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gregory M Pontone
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zoltan Mari
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Nadeeka N Dissanayaka
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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24
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Sex differences in the neuroanatomy of alcohol dependence: hippocampus and amygdala subregions in a sample of 966 people from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:156. [PMID: 33664226 PMCID: PMC7933136 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Males and females with alcohol dependence have distinct mental health and cognitive problems. Animal models of addiction postulate that the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are partially distinct, but there is little evidence of sex differences in humans with alcohol dependence as most neuroimaging studies have been conducted in males. We examined hippocampal and amygdala subregions in a large sample of 966 people from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. This comprised 643 people with alcohol dependence (225 females), and a comparison group of 323 people without alcohol dependence (98 females). Males with alcohol dependence had smaller volumes of the total amygdala and its basolateral nucleus than male controls, that exacerbated with alcohol dose. Alcohol dependence was also associated with smaller volumes of the hippocampus and its CA1 and subiculum subfield volumes in both males and females. In summary, hippocampal and amygdalar subregions may be sensitive to both shared and distinct mechanisms in alcohol-dependent males and females.
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25
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Crowley SJ, Banan G, Amin M, Tanner JJ, Hizel L, Nguyen P, Brumback B, Rodriguez K, McFarland N, Bowers D, Ding M, Mareci TA, Price CC. Statistically Defined Parkinson's Disease Executive and Memory Cognitive Phenotypes: Demographic, Behavioral, and Structural Neuroimaging Comparisons. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 11:283-297. [PMID: 33216042 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience working memory and inhibitory difficulties, others learning and memory difficulties, while some only minimal to no cognitive deficits for many years. OBJECTIVE To statistically derive PD executive and memory phenotypes, and compare PD phenotypes on disease and demographic variables, vascular risk factors, and specific neuroimaging variables with known associations to executive and memory function relative to non-PD peers. METHODS Non-demented individuals with PD (n = 116) and non-PD peers (n = 62) were recruited to complete neuropsychology measures, blood draw, and structural magnetic resonance imaging. Tests representing the cognitive domains of interest (4 executive function, 3 memory) were included in a k-means cluster analysis comprised of the PD participants. Resulting clusters were compared demographic and disease-related variables, vascular risk markers, gray/white regions of interest, and white matter connectivity between known regions involved in executive and memory functions (dorsolateral prefrontal cortices to caudate nuclei; entorhinal cortices to hippocampi). RESULTS Clusters showed: 1) PD Executive, n = 25; 2) PD Memory, n = 35; 3) PD Cognitively Well; n = 56. Even after disease variable corrections, PD Executive had less subcortical gray matter, white matter, and fewer bilateral dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex to caudate nucleus connections; PD Memory showed bilaterally reduced entorhinal-hippocampal connections. PD Cognitively Well showed only reduced putamen volume and right entorhinal cortex to hippocampi connections relative to non-PD peers. Groups did not statistically differ on cortical integrity measures or cerebrovascular disease markers. CONCLUSION PD cognitive phenotypes showed different structural gray and white matter patterns. We discuss data relative to phenotype demographics, cognitive patterns, and structural brain profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Crowley
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Guita Banan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gainesville, FL, USA.,McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Manish Amin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gainesville, FL, USA.,McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jared J Tanner
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Loren Hizel
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Peter Nguyen
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Babette Brumback
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Katie Rodriguez
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nikolaus McFarland
- Department of Neurology, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dawn Bowers
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mingzhou Ding
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas A Mareci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gainesville, FL, USA.,McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Catherine C Price
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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26
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Orad RI, Shiner T. Differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease dementia: an update on imaging modalities. J Neurol 2021; 269:639-653. [PMID: 33511432 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dementia with Lewy bodies is the second most common cause of neurodegenerative dementia after Alzheimer's disease. Dementia with Lewy bodies can provide a diagnostic challenge due to the frequent overlap of clinical signs with other neurodegenerative conditions, namely Parkinson's disease dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. Part of this clinical overlap is due to the neuropathological overlap. Dementia with Lewy bodies is characterized by the accumulation of aggregated α-synuclein protein in Lewy bodies, similar to Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease dementia. However, it is also frequently accompanied by aggregation of amyloid-beta and tau, the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Neuroimaging is central to the diagnostic process. This review is an overview of both established and evolving imaging methods that can improve diagnostic accuracy and improve management of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Iris Orad
- Cognitive Neurology Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6, Weismann St, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Tamara Shiner
- Cognitive Neurology Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6, Weismann St, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
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27
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Guyot A, Fouquier ABG, Gerardin E, Chupin M, Glaunes JA, Marrakchi-Kacem L, Germain J, Boutet C, Cury C, Hertz-Pannier L, Vignaud A, Durrleman S, Henry TR, van de Moortele PF, Trouve A, Colliot O. A Diffeomorphic Vector Field Approach to Analyze the Thickness of the Hippocampus From 7 T MRI. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2021; 68:393-403. [PMID: 32746019 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.2999941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 7-Tesla MRI of the hippocampus enhances the visualization of its internal substructures. Among these substructures, the cornu Ammonis and subiculum form a contiguous folded ribbon of gray matter. Here, we propose a method to analyze local thickness measurements of this ribbon. METHODS We introduce an original approach based upon the estimation of a diffeomorphic vector field that traverses the ribbon. The method is designed to handle specificities of the hippocampus and corresponding 7-Tesla acquisitions: highly convoluted surface, non-closed ribbon, incompletely defined inner/outer boundaries, anisotropic acquisitions. We furthermore propose to conduct group comparisons using a population template built from the central surfaces of individual subjects. RESULTS We first assessed the robustness of our approach to anisotropy, as well as to inter-rater variability, on a post-mortem scan and on in vivo acquisitions respectively. We then conducted a group study on a dataset of in vivo MRI from temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients and healthy controls. The method detected local thinning patterns in patients, predominantly ipsilaterally to the seizure focus, which is consistent with medical knowledge. CONCLUSION This new technique allows measuring the thickness of the hippocampus from 7-Tesla MRI. It shows good robustness with respect to anisotropy and inter-rater variability and has the potential to detect local atrophy in patients. SIGNIFICANCE As 7-Tesla MRI is increasingly available, this new method may become a useful tool to study local alterations of the hippocampus in brain disorders. It is made freely available to the community (code: https://github.com/aramis-lab/hiplay7-thickness, postmortem segmentation: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3533264).
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28
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Walker JM, Richardson TE, Farrell K, Iida MA, Foong C, Shang P, Attems J, Ayalon G, Beach TG, Bigio EH, Budson A, Cairns NJ, Corrada M, Cortes E, Dickson DW, Fischer P, Flanagan ME, Franklin E, Gearing M, Glass J, Hansen LA, Haroutunian V, Hof PR, Honig L, Kawas C, Keene CD, Kofler J, Kovacs GG, Lee EB, Lutz MI, Mao Q, Masliah E, McKee AC, McMillan CT, Mesulam MM, Murray M, Nelson PT, Perrin R, Pham T, Poon W, Purohit DP, Rissman RA, Sakai K, Sano M, Schneider JA, Stein TD, Teich AF, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Wolk DA, Woltjer RL, Yamada M, Yu L, White CL, Crary JF. Early Selective Vulnerability of the CA2 Hippocampal Subfield in Primary Age-Related Tauopathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 80:102-111. [PMID: 33367843 PMCID: PMC8453611 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) is a neurodegenerative entity defined as Alzheimer-type neurofibrillary degeneration primarily affecting the medial temporal lobe with minimal to absent amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition. The extent to which PART can be differentiated pathoanatomically from Alzheimer disease (AD) is unclear. Here, we examined the regional distribution of tau pathology in a large cohort of postmortem brains (n = 914). We found an early vulnerability of the CA2 subregion of the hippocampus to neurofibrillary degeneration in PART, and semiquantitative assessment of neurofibrillary degeneration in CA2 was significantly greater than in CA1 in PART. In contrast, subjects harboring intermediate-to-high AD neuropathologic change (ADNC) displayed relative sparing of CA2 until later stages of their disease course. In addition, the CA2/CA1 ratio of neurofibrillary degeneration in PART was significantly higher than in subjects with intermediate-to-high ADNC burden. Furthermore, the distribution of tau pathology in PART diverges from the Braak NFT staging system and Braak stage does not correlate with cognitive function in PART as it does in individuals with intermediate-to-high ADNC. These findings highlight the need for a better understanding of the contribution of PART to cognitive impairment and how neurofibrillary degeneration interacts with Aβ pathology in AD and PART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M Walker
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Timothy E Richardson
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Kurt Farrell
- Department of Pathology and Nash Family Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research Core, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Megan A Iida
- Department of Pathology and Nash Family Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research Core, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chan Foong
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ping Shang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Johannes Attems
- Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Gai Ayalon
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA
| | - Eileen H Bigio
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew Budson
- Department of Pathology, VA Medical Center & Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - María Corrada
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Etty Cortes
- Department of Pathology and Nash Family Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Peter Fischer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, and Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret E Flanagan
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Erin Franklin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jonathan Glass
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lawrence A Hansen
- Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Department of Pathology and Nash Family Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research Core, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lawrence Honig
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Claudia Kawas
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Julia Kofler
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, and Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward B Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mirjam I Lutz
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Department of Pathology, VA Medical Center & Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Corey T McMillan
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M Marsel Mesulam
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Melissa Murray
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Peter T Nelson
- Department of Pathology and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Richard Perrin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Thao Pham
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Wayne Poon
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, UC Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Dushyant P Purohit
- Department of Pathology and Nash Family Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kenji Sakai
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Departments of Pathology and Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thor D Stein
- Department of Pathology, VA Medical Center & Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew F Teich
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jean-Paul Vonsattel
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Randall L Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Masahito Yamada
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Lei Yu
- Departments of Pathology and Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles L White
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - John F Crary
- Department of Pathology and Nash Family Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research Core, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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29
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Wan M, Ye Y, Lin H, Xu Y, Liang S, Xia R, He J, Qiu P, Huang C, Tao J, Chen L, Zheng G. Deviations in Hippocampal Subregion in Older Adults With Cognitive Frailty. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:615852. [PMID: 33519422 PMCID: PMC7838368 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.615852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty is a particular state of cognitive vulnerability toward dementia with neuropathological hallmarks. The hippocampus is a complex, heterogeneous structure closely relates to the cognitive impairment in elderly which is composed of 12 subregions. Atrophy of these subregions has been implicated in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the changes in hippocampal subregions in older adults with cognitive frailty and the relationship between subregions and cognitive impairment as well as physical frailty. METHODS Twenty-six older adults with cognitive frailty and 26 matched healthy controls were included in this study. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale (Fuzhou version) and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Chinese version (WMS-RC), while physical frailty was tested with the Chinese version of the Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS) and grip strength. The volume of the hippocampal subregions was measured with structural brain magnetic resonance imaging. Partial correlation analysis was carried out between the volumes of hippocampal subregions and MoCA scores, Wechsler's Memory Quotient and physical frailty indexes. RESULTS A significant volume decrease was found in six hippocampal subregions, including the bilateral presubiculum, the left parasubiculum, molecular layer of the hippocampus proper (molecular layer of the HP), and hippocampal amygdala transition area (HATA), and the right cornu ammonis subfield 1 (CA1) area, in older adults with cognitive frailty, while the proportion of brain parenchyma and total number of white matter fibers were lower than those in the healthy controls. Positive correlations were found between Wechsler's Memory Quotient and the size of the left molecular layer of the HP and HATA and the right presubiculum. The sizes of the left presubiculum, molecular of the layer HP, and HATA and right CA1 and presubiculum were found to be positively correlated with MoCA score. The sizes of the left parasubiculum, molecular layer of the HP and HATA were found to be negatively correlated with the physical frailty index. CONCLUSION Significant volume decrease occurs in hippocampal subregions of older adults with cognitive frailty, and these changes are correlated with cognitive impairment and physical frailty. Therefore, the atrophy of hippocampal subregions could participate in the pathological progression of cognitive frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Wan
- College of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Ye
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huiying Lin
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shengxiang Liang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rui Xia
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianquan He
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pingting Qiu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chengwu Huang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lidian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zheng
- College of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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30
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Zarifkar P, Kim J, La C, Zhang K, YorkWilliams S, Levine TF, Tian L, Borghammer P, Poston KL. Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease is associated with Default Mode Network subsystem connectivity and cerebrospinal fluid Aβ. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 83:71-78. [PMID: 33484978 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To identify clinically implementable biomarkers of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's Disease (PD) derived from resting state-functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and CSF protein analysis. METHODS In this single-center longitudinal cohort study, we analyzed rs-fMRI and CSF biomarkers from 50 PD patients (23 cognitively normal, 18 mild cognitive impairment, 9 dementia) and 19 controls, who completed comprehensive neuropsychological testing. A subgroup of participants returned for follow-up cognitive assessments three years later. From rs-fMRI, we studied the connectivity within two distinct Default Mode Network subsystems: left-to-right hippocampus (LHC-RHC) and medial prefrontal cortex-to-posterior cingulate cortex (mPFC-PCC). We used regression analyses to determine whether imaging (LHC-RHC, mPFC-PCC), clinical (CSF Aβ-42:40, disease duration), and demographic (age, sex, education) variables were associated with global and domain-specific cognitive impairments. RESULTS LHC-RHC (F3,67 = 3.41,p=0.023) and CSF Aβ-42:40 (χ2(3) = 8.77,p = 0.033) were reduced across more cognitively impaired PD groups. Notably, LHC-RHC connectivity was significantly associated with all global and domain-specific cognitive impairments (attention/executive, episodic memory, visuospatial, and language) at the baseline visit. In an exploratory longitudinal analysis, mPFC-PCC was associated with future global and episodic memory impairment. CONCLUSION We used biomarker techniques that are readily available in clinical and research facilities to shed light on the pathophysiologic basis of cognitive impairment in PD. Our findings suggest that there is a functionally distinct role of the hippocampal subsystem within the DMN resting state network, and that intrinsic connectivity between the hippocampi is critically related to a broad range of cognitive functions in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Zarifkar
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
| | - Jeehyun Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Christian La
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Sophie YorkWilliams
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
| | - Taylor F Levine
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, 1 Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, 150 Governor's Lane, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Per Borghammer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
| | - Kathleen L Poston
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Reduction in hippocampal volumes subsequent to heavy cannabis use: a 3-year longitudinal study. Psychiatry Res 2021; 295:113588. [PMID: 33261923 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cannabis exposure is related to neuroanatomical changes in brain regions rich in cannabinoid receptors, such as the hippocampus. However, researchers have not clearly determined whether persistent heavy cannabis use leads to morphological changes in the hippocampus or whether an earlier age of onset of first cannabis use and/or higher doses of cannabis exposure exacerbate these alterations. In this longitudinal study, we investigated whether continued heavy cannabis use in young adults is associated with an altered hippocampal volume. Twenty heavy cannabis users (CBs) and 22 healthy controls (HCs) underwent a comprehensive psychological assessment and a T1 structural scan at baseline and at a 3-year follow-up visit. Volumes of the hippocampus and its subregions were estimated using volBrain software. Except for the cornu ammonis 2 (CA2)/CA3 subregions, age had significant effects on all hippocampal subregions in both the CB and HC groups. The relative right hippocampal volume and absolute and relative right CA1 volumes displayed a greater rate of decrease in CBs compared to HCs. In addition, we explored the relationship between alterations in hippocampal volume and cannabis use characteristics. Changes in the relative right hippocampal volume and the relative right CA1 volume were related to age at first cannabis use but not to age at onset of frequent cannabis use. Alterations in the relative right hippocampal volume and absolute and relative right CA1 volumes were associated with Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test (CUDIT) scores. Based on these results, heavy cannabis use in early adulthood is a risk factor for a greater rate of decrease in the volume of the right hippocampus (particularly the right CA1).
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Becker S, Granert O, Timmers M, Pilotto A, Van Nueten L, Roeben B, Salvadore G, Galpern WR, Streffer J, Scheffler K, Maetzler W, Berg D, Liepelt-Scarfone I. Association of Hippocampal Subfields, CSF Biomarkers, and Cognition in Patients With Parkinson Disease Without Dementia. Neurology 2020; 96:e904-e915. [PMID: 33219138 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000011224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether hippocampal volume loss is primarily associated with cognitive status or pathologic β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ42) levels, this study compared hippocampal subfield volumes between patients with Parkinson disease (PD) with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and without cognitive impairment (PD-CN) and between patients with low and high Aβ42 levels, in addition exploring the relationship among hippocampal subfield volumes, CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, phosphorylated and total tau), neuropsychological tests, and activities of daily living. METHODS Forty-five patients with PD without dementia underwent CSF analyses and MRI as well as comprehensive motor and neuropsychological examinations. Hippocampal segmentation was conducted using FreeSurfer image analysis suite 6.0. Regression models were used to compare hippocampal subfield volumes between groups, and partial correlations defined the association between variables while controlling for intracranial volume (ICV). RESULTS Linear regressions revealed cognitive group as a statistically significant predictor of both the hippocampal-amygdaloid transition area (HATA; β = -0.23, 95% CI -0.44 to -0.02) and the cornu ammonis 1 region (CA1; β = -0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.56 to -0.02), independent of disease duration and ICV, with patients with PD-MCI showing significantly smaller volumes than PD-CN. In contrast, no subfields were predicted by Aβ42 levels. Smaller hippocampal volumes were associated with worse performance on memory, language, spatial working memory, and executive functioning tests. The subiculum was negatively correlated with total tau levels (r = -0.37, 95% CI -0.60 to -0.09). CONCLUSION Cognitive status, but not CSF Aβ42, predicted hippocampal volumes, specifically the CA1 and HATA. Hippocampal subfields were associated with various cognitive domains, as well as with tau pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Becker
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Oliver Granert
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maarten Timmers
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Pilotto
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Luc Van Nueten
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Roeben
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Giacomo Salvadore
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wendy R Galpern
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Streffer
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Walter Maetzler
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Inga Liepelt-Scarfone
- From the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (S.B., B.R., I.L.-S.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (O.G., W.M., D.B.), Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany; Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. (M.T., L.V.N., J.S.), Beerse; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (M.T.), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (A.P.), University of Brescia; Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation Centre (A.P.), FERB ONLUS Sant'Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario, Italy; Janssen Research and Development LLC (G.S., W.R.G.), Titusville, NJ; Translational Medicine Neuroscience (J.S.), UCB Biopharma SPRK, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium; Magnetic Resonance Center (K.S.), Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics; and Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
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Conner MR, Jang D, Anderson BJ, Kritzer MF. Biological Sex and Sex Hormone Impacts on Deficits in Episodic-Like Memory in a Rat Model of Early, Pre-motor Stages of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2020; 11:942. [PMID: 33041964 PMCID: PMC7527538 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Episodic memory deficits are among the earliest appearing and most commonly occurring examples of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). These enduring features can also predict a clinical course of rapid motor decline, significant cognitive deterioration, and the development of PD-related dementia. The lack of effective means to treat these deficits underscores the need to better understand their neurobiological bases. The prominent sex differences that characterize episodic memory in health, aging and in schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease suggest that neuroendocrine factors may also influence episodic memory dysfunction in PD. However, while sex differences have been well-documented for many facets of PD, sex differences in, and sex hormone influences on associated episodic memory impairments have been less extensively studied and have never been examined in preclinical PD models. Accordingly, we paired bilateral neostriatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions with behavioral testing using the What-Where-When Episodic-Like Memory (ELM) Task in adult rats to first determine whether episodic-like memory is impaired in this model. We further compared outcomes in gonadally intact female and male subjects, and in male rats that had undergone gonadectomy—with and without hormone replacement, to determine whether biological sex and/or sex hormones influenced the expression of dopamine lesioned-induced memory deficits. These studies showed that 6-OHDA lesions profoundly impaired recall for all memory domains in male and female rats. They also showed that in males, circulating gonadal hormones powerfully modulated the negative impacts of 6-OHDA lesions on What, Where, and When discriminations in domain-specific ways. Specifically, the absence of androgens was shown to fully attenuate 6-OHDA lesion-induced deficits in ELM for “Where” and to partially protect against lesion-induced deficits in ELM for “What.” In sum, these findings show that 6-OHDA lesions in rats recapitulate the vulnerability of episodic memory seen in early PD. Together with similar evidence recently obtained for spatial working memory, the present findings also showed that diminished androgen levels provide powerful, highly selective protections against the harmful effects that 6-OHDA lesions have on memory functions in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan R Conner
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Doyeon Jang
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Brenda J Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Mary F Kritzer
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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Prabhu GS, K G Rao M, Rai KS. Hippocampal neural cell degeneration and memory deficit in high-fat diet-induced postnatal obese rats- exploring the comparable benefits of choline and DHA or environmental enrichment. Int J Neurosci 2020; 131:1066-1077. [PMID: 32498586 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1773819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Childhood obesity increases risk for neural dysfunctions causing learning and memory deficits. The objective of the study is to identify the effects of high fat diet-induced obesity in postnatal period on serum lipids, memory and neural cell survival in hippocampus and compare the role of choline and DHA or environmental enrichment in attenuating the alterationsMaterials and methods: 21 day postnatal male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned as Normal control [NC] fed normal chow diet, Obesity-induced [OB] fed high fat diet, Obesity-induced fed choline & DHA [OB + CHO + DHA], Obesity-induced environmental enrichment [OB + EE] [n = 8/group]. Memory was assessed using radial arm maze. Subsequently blood was collected for serum lipid analysis and rats were euthanized. 5 µm hippocampal sections were processed for cresyl-violet stain. Surviving neural cells were counted using 100 µm scale.Results: Memory errors were significantly higher [p < 0.001, 0.01] in OB compared to same in NC rats. Mean number of surviving neural cells in hippocampus of OB was significantly lesser [p < 0.01] compared to same in NC. Interventions in OB + CHO + DHA and OB + EE significantly attenuated [p < 0.01] memory errors and number of surviving neural cells in hippocampus [CA1, CA3 and DG] compared to same in OB. Moreover, hippocampal neural cell survival was found to be inversely related to serum lipid profile in OB group and was attenuated in OB + CHO + DHA and OB + EE rats.Conclusions: High fat diet-induced postnatal obesity in rats causes CA1/CA3 hippocampal neuro-degeneration and memory deficits. Supplementation of choline and DHA in obese rats attenuates these deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri S Prabhu
- Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College [Manipal campus], Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohandas K G Rao
- Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College [Manipal campus], Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kiranmai S Rai
- Department of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College [Manipal campus], Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Das T, Kim N, McDaniel C, Poston KL. Mnemonic Similarity Task to study episodic memory in Parkinson's disease. Clin Park Relat Disord 2020; 3:100062. [PMID: 34316643 PMCID: PMC8298797 DOI: 10.1016/j.prdoa.2020.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) patients commonly experience episodic memory impairments, which are associated with an increased risk of dementia. The Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST) is a well-validated test to investigate episodic memory changes in healthy aging and in neurodegenerative diseases but has not been studied in PD patients. Methods In the MST task, participants respond during a testing phase whether visualized images are “repeat”, “similar”, or “new”, compared to images previously shown during an encoding phase. We tested 17 PD without cognitive impairment (level-II criteria), both off (PD-OFF) and on (PD-ON) dopaminergic medications; and compared PD-OFF with 17 age- and education-matched healthy controls (HC). Results We found no influence of dopaminergic medications nor of disease on MST reaction time for any responses (“repeat”, “similar”, and “new”) during the test phase. However, response probabilities showed that the MST is sensitive to subtle PD-related memory impairments. Specifically, PD-OFF responded more frequently with ‘repeat’, instead of ‘similar’ during lure trials, compared to HC (p = 0.030). This finding was still significant after correcting for response bias using the Recognition Index (p = 0.005). Conclusions PD patients perform the MST without interference from bradykinesia or other PD-related motor symptoms. Our findings suggest that PD patients who do not meet criteria for mild cognitive impairment can have subtle recall or recognition impairments, which can be identified using the MST. We propose the MST as a well-tolerated and sensitive cognitive task in future studies of episodic memory impairment and progressive memory dysfunction in people with PD. Cognitively normal PD performs the MST similarly to controls despite motor symptoms. Dopaminergic medications do not interfere with MST task performance in PD. The MST is robust and able to discern subtle episodic memory changes in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanusree Das
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nessa Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Colin McDaniel
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen L. Poston
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Corresponding author at: Stanford University School of Medicine, 780 Welch Road, CJ350C, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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Berkowitz BA, Podolsky RH, Childers KL, Gow A, Schneider BL, Lloyd SC, Bosse KE, Conti AC, Roberts R, Berri AM, Graffice E, Sinan K, Eliwat W, Shen Y. Age-related murine hippocampal CA1 laminae oxidative stress measured in vivo by QUEnch-assiSTed (QUEST) MRI: impact of isoflurane anesthesia. GeroScience 2020; 42:563-574. [PMID: 31981008 PMCID: PMC7205849 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related impairments in spatial learning and memory often precede non-familial neurodegenerative disease. Ex vivo studies suggest that physiologic age-related oxidative stress in hippocampus area CA1 may contribute to prodromal spatial disorientation and to morbidity. Yet, conventional blood or cerebrospinal fluid assays appear insufficient for early detection or management of oxidative stress within CA1 sub-regions in vivo. Here, we address this biomarker problem using a non-invasive MRI index of CA1 laminae oxidative stress based on reduction in R1 (= 1/T1) after anti-oxidant administration. An R1 reduction reflects quenching of continuous and excessive production of endogenous paramagnetic free radicals. Careful motion-correction image acquisition, and avoiding repeated exposure to isoflurane, facilitates detection of hippocampus CA1 laminae oxidative stress with QUEnch-assiSTed (QUEST) MRI. Intriguingly, age- and isoflurane-related oxidative stress is localized to the stratum lacunosum of the CA1 region. Our data raise the possibility of using QUEST MRI and FDA-approved anti-oxidants to remediate spatial disorientation and later neurodegeneration with age in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Berkowitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Robert H Podolsky
- Beaumont Research Institute, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | | | - Alexander Gow
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Brandy L Schneider
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Deptarment of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Scott C Lloyd
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Deptarment of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Kelly E Bosse
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Deptarment of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Alana C Conti
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Deptarment of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Robin Roberts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Ali M Berri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Emma Graffice
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Kenan Sinan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Waleed Eliwat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Yimin Shen
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
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Ryman SG, Poston KL. MRI biomarkers of motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 73:85-93. [PMID: 31629653 PMCID: PMC7145760 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a heterogeneous disorder with both motor and non-motor symptoms that contribute to functional impairment. To develop effective, disease modifying treatments for these symptoms, biomarkers are necessary to detect neuropathological changes early in the disease course and monitor changes over time. Advances in MRI scan sequences and analytical techniques present numerous promising metrics to detect changes within the nigrostriatal system, implicated in the cardinal motor symptoms of the disease, and detect broader dysfunction involved in the non-motor symptoms, such as cognitive impairment. There is emerging evidence that iron sensitive, neuromelanin sensitive, diffusion sensitive, and resting state functional magnetic imaging measures can capture changes within the nigrostriatal system. Iron, neuromelanin, and diffusion sensitive measures demonstrate high specificity and sensitivity in distinguishing Parkinson's disease relative to controls, with inconsistent results differentiating Parkinson's disease relative to atypical parkinsonian disorders. They may also serve as useful monitoring biomarkers, with each possibly detecting different aspects of the disease course (early nigrosome changes versus broader substantia nigra changes). Investigations of non-motor symptoms, such as cognitive impairment, require careful consideration of the nature of cognitive deficits to characterize regional and network specific impairment. While the early, executive dysfunction observed is consistent with nigrostriatal degeneration, the memory and visuospatial impairments, the harbingers of a dementia process reflect dopaminergic independent dysfunction involving broader regions of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sephira G Ryman
- Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr. Room A343. MC-5235, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Kathleen L Poston
- Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr. Room A343. MC-5235, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Multiparametric imaging hippocampal neurodegeneration and functional connectivity with simultaneous PET/MRI in Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020; 47:2440-2452. [PMID: 32157432 PMCID: PMC7396401 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-020-04752-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study is to investigate the hippocampal neurodegeneration and its associated aberrant functions in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients using simultaneous PET/MRI. Methods Forty-two cognitively normal controls (NC), 38 MCI, and 22 AD patients were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent 18F-FDG PET/functional MRI (fMRI) and high-resolution T1-weighted MRI scans on a hybrid GE Signa PET/MRI scanner. Neurodegeneration in hippocampus and its subregions was quantified by regional gray matter volume and 18F-FDG standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) relative to cerebellum. An iterative reblurred Van Cittert iteration method was used for voxelwise partial volume correction on 18F-FDG PET images. Regional gray matter volume was estimated from voxel-based morphometric analysis with MRI. fMRI data were analyzed after slice time correction and head motion correction using statistical parametric mapping (SPM12) with DPARSF toolbox. The regions of interest including hippocampus, cornu ammonis (CA1), CA2/3/dentate gyrus (DG), and subiculum were defined in the standard MNI space. Results Patient groups had reduced SUVR, gray matter volume, and functional connectivity compared to NC in CA1, CA2/3/DG, and subiculum (AD < MCI < NC). There was a linear correlation between the left CA2/3DG gray matter volume and 18F-FDG SUVR in AD patients (P < 0.001, r = 0.737). Significant correlation was also found between left CA2/3/DG-superior medial frontal gyrus functional connectivity and left CA2/3/DG hypometabolism in patients with AD. The functional connectivity of right CA1-precuneus in patients with MCI and right subiculum-superior frontal gyrus in patients with AD was positively correlated with mini mental status examination scores (P < 0.05). Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that the associations existed at subregional hippocampal level between the functional connectivity measured by fMRI and neurodegeneration measured by structural MRI and 18F-FDG PET. Our results may provide a basis for precision neuroimaging of hippocampus in AD.
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Srivastava AK, Roy Choudhury S, Karmakar S. Melatonin/polydopamine nanostructures for collective neuroprotection-based Parkinson's disease therapy. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1345-1363. [PMID: 31912833 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01602c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and localized deposition of cytoplasmic fibrillary inclusions as Lewy bodies in the brain. The aberrant phosphorylation of α-synuclein at serine 129 is the key process on its early onset, which alters the cellular conformation to oligomers and insoluble aggregates, underpinning cellular oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to devastating PD synucleinopathy. The multiple neuroprotective roles of dopamine and melatonin are often demonstrated separately; however, this approach suffers from low and short bioavailability and is associated with side-effects upon overdosing. Herein, highly pleiotropic melatonin-enriched polydopamine nanostructures were fabricated, which showed efficient brain tissue retention, sustainable and prolonged melatonin release, and prevented neuroblastoma cell death elicited by Parkinson's disease-associated and mitochondrial damaging stimuli. The synergistic neuroprotection re-established the mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced the generation of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibited the activation of both the caspase-dependent and independent apoptotic pathways, and exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect. At the molecular level, it suppressed α-synuclein phosphorylation at Ser 129 and reduced the cellular deposition of high molecular weight oligomers. The therapeutic assessment on ex vivo organotypic brain slice culture, and in vivo experimental PD model confirmed the superior brain targeting, collective neuroprotection on dopaminergic neurons with reduced alpha-synuclein phosphorylation and deposition in the hippocampal and substantia nigra region of the brain. Thus, nature-inspired melatonin-enriched polydopamine nanostructures conferring collective neuroprotective effects attributes activation of anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic pathways may be superior for application in a nanomedicine-based PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup K Srivastava
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Sector-64, Mohali, Punjab-160062, India.
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