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Olopade FE, Femi-Akinlosotu OM, Dauda O, Obiako J, Olopade JO, Shokunbi MT. Vanadium administration ameliorates cortical structural and functional changes in juvenile hydrocephalic mice. J Comp Neurol 2024; 532:e25578. [PMID: 38175813 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Vanadium is a prevalent neurotoxic transition metal with therapeutic potentials in some neurological conditions. Hydrocephalus poses a major clinical burden in neurological practice in Africa. Its primary treatment (shunting) has complications, including infection and blockage; alternative drug-based therapies are therefore necessary. This study investigates the function and cytoarchitecture of motor and cerebellar cortices in juvenile hydrocephalic mice following treatment with varying doses of vanadium. Fifty juvenile mice were allocated into five groups (n = 10 each): controls, hydrocephalus-only, low- (0.15 mg/kg), moderate- (0.3 mg/kg), and high- (3.0 mg/kg) dose vanadium groups. Hydrocephalus was induced by the intracisternal injection of kaolin and sodium metavanadate administered by intraperitoneal injection 72hourly for 28 days. Neurobehavioral tests: open field, hanging wire, and pole tests, were carried out to assess locomotion, muscular strength, and motor coordination, respectively. The cerebral motor and the cerebellar cortices were processed for cresyl violet staining and immunohistochemistry for neurons (NeuN) and astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein). Hydrocephalic mice exhibited body weight loss and behavioral deficits. Horizontal and vertical movements and latency to fall from hanging wire were significantly reduced, while latency to turn and descend the pole were prolonged in hydrocephalic mice, suggesting impaired motor ability; this was improved in vanadium-treated mice. Increased neuronal count, pyknotic cells, neurodegeneration and reactive astrogliosis were observed in the hydrocephalic mice. These were mostly mitigated in the vanadium-treated mice, except in the high-dose group where astrogliosis persisted. These results demonstrate a neuroprotective potential of vanadium administration in hydrocephalus. The molecular basis of these effects needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Opeyemi Dauda
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Jane Obiako
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - James Olukayode Olopade
- Neuroscience Unit, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Matthew Temitayo Shokunbi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Division of Neurological Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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2
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Sun J, Chen Q, Ma J. Notch–Sox9 Axis Mediates Hepatocyte Dedifferentiation in KrasG12V-Induced Zebrafish Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094705. [PMID: 35563098 PMCID: PMC9103821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in humans. Hepatocytes normally undergo dedifferentiation after the onset of hepatocellular carcinoma, which in turn facilitates the progression of cancer. Although the process of hepatocellular carcinoma dedifferentiation is of significant research and clinical value, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying it are still not fully characterized. We constructed a zebrafish liver cancer model based on overexpression of the oncogene krasG12V to investigate the hepatocyte dedifferentiation in hepatocellular carcinoma. We found that, after hepatocarcinogenesis, hepatocytes dedifferentiated and the Notch signaling pathway was upregulated in this progress. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway or deficiency of sox9b both prevented hepatocyte dedifferentiation following hepatocellular carcinoma induction, reducing cancer metastasis and improving survival. In conclusion, we found that hepatocytes undergo dedifferentiation after hepatocarcinogenesis, a process that requires Notch signaling and likewise the activation of Sox9.
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Barta BA, Ruppert M, Fröhlich KE, Cosenza-Contreras M, Oláh A, Sayour AA, Kovács K, Karvaly GB, Biniossek M, Merkely B, Schilling O, Radovits T. Sex-related differences of early cardiac functional and proteomic alterations in a rat model of myocardial ischemia. J Transl Med 2021; 19:507. [PMID: 34895263 PMCID: PMC8666068 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03164-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced cardiovascular risk in premenopausal women has been the focus of research in recent decades. Previous hypothesis-driven experiments have highlighted the role of sex hormones on distinct inflammatory responses, mitochondrial proteins, extracellular remodeling and estrogen-mediated cardioprotective signaling pathways related to post-ischemic recovery, which were associated with better cardiac functional outcomes in females. We aimed to investigate the early, sex-specific functional and proteomic changes following myocardial ischemia in an unbiased approach. METHODS Ischemia was induced in male (M-Isch) and female (F-Isch) rats with sc. injection of isoproterenol (85 mg/kg) daily for 2 days, while controls (M-Co, F-Co) received sc. saline solution. At 48 h after the first injection pressure-volume analysis was carried out to assess left ventricular function. FFPE tissue slides were scanned and analyzed digitally, while myocardial proteins were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using isobaric labeling. Concentrations of circulating steroid hormones were measured with LC-MS/MS. Feature selection (PLS and PLS-DA) was used to examine associations among functional, proteomic and hormonal datasets. RESULTS Induction of ischemia resulted in 38% vs 17% mortality in M-Isch and F-Isch respectively. The extent of ischemic damage to surviving rats was comparable between the sexes. Systolic dysfunction was more pronounced in males, while females developed a more severe impairment of diastolic function. 2224 proteins were quantified, with 520 showing sex-specific differential regulation. Our analysis identified transcriptional, cytoskeletal, contractile, and mitochondrial proteins, molecular chaperones and the extracellular matrix as sources of disparity between the sexes. Bioinformatics highlighted possible associations of estrogens and their metabolites with early functional and proteomic alterations. CONCLUSIONS Our study has highlighted sex-specific alterations in systolic and diastolic function shortly after ischemia, and provided a comprehensive look at the underlying proteomic changes and the influence of estrogens and their metabolites. According to our bioinformatic analysis, inflammatory, mitochondrial, chaperone, cytoskeletal, extracellular and matricellular proteins are major sources of intersex disparity, and may be promising targets for early sex-specific pharmacologic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint András Barta
- Experimental Research Laboratory, Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122, Hungary. .,Institute of Surgical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany. .,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Mihály Ruppert
- Experimental Research Laboratory, Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Klemens Erwin Fröhlich
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miguel Cosenza-Contreras
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,MeInBio Graduate School, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Attila Oláh
- Experimental Research Laboratory, Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Alex Ali Sayour
- Experimental Research Laboratory, Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Kovács
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gellért Balázs Karvaly
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Martin Biniossek
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Béla Merkely
- Experimental Research Laboratory, Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tamás Radovits
- Experimental Research Laboratory, Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Városmajor u. 68, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
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4
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Tsonaka R, Signorelli M, Sabir E, Seyer A, Hettne K, Aartsma-Rus A, Spitali P. Longitudinal metabolomic analysis of plasma enables modeling disease progression in Duchenne muscular dystrophy mouse models. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:745-755. [PMID: 32025735 PMCID: PMC7104681 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a severe pediatric neuromuscular disorder caused by the lack of dystrophin. Identification of biomarkers is needed to support and accelerate drug development. Alterations of metabolites levels in muscle and plasma have been reported in pre-clinical and clinical cross-sectional comparisons. We present here a 7-month longitudinal study comparing plasma metabolomic data in wild-type and mdx mice. A mass spectrometry approach was used to study metabolites in up to five time points per mouse at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 weeks of age, providing an unprecedented in depth view of disease trajectories. A total of 106 metabolites were studied. We report a signature of 31 metabolites able to discriminate between healthy and disease at various stages of the disease, covering the acute phase of muscle degeneration and regeneration up to the deteriorating phase. We show how metabolites related to energy production and chachexia (e.g. glutamine) are affected in mdx mice plasma over time. We further show how the signature is connected to molecular targets of nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical compounds currently in development as well as to the nitric oxide synthase pathway (e.g. arginine and citrulline). Finally, we evaluate the signature in a second longitudinal study in three independent mouse models carrying 0, 1 or 2 functional copies of the dystrophin paralog utrophin. In conclusion, we report an in-depth metabolomic signature covering previously identified associations and new associations, which enables drug developers to peripherally assess the effect of drugs on the metabolic status of dystrophic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roula Tsonaka
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Mirko Signorelli
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Ekrem Sabir
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kristina Hettne
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Pietro Spitali
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
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5
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Signorelli M, Ayoglu B, Johansson C, Lochmüller H, Straub V, Muntoni F, Niks E, Tsonaka R, Persson A, Aartsma-Rus A, Nilsson P, Al-Khalili Szigyarto C, Spitali P. Longitudinal serum biomarker screening identifies malate dehydrogenase 2 as candidate prognostic biomarker for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:505-517. [PMID: 31881125 PMCID: PMC7113516 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal disease for which no cure is available. Clinical trials have shown to be largely underpowered due to inter-individual variability and noisy outcome measures. The availability of biomarkers able to anticipate clinical benefit is highly needed to improve clinical trial design and facilitate drug development. METHODS In this study, we aimed to appraise the value of protein biomarkers to predict prognosis and monitor disease progression or treatment outcome in patients affected by DMD. We collected clinical data and 303 blood samples from 157 DMD patients in three clinical centres; 78 patients contributed multiple blood samples over time, with a median follow-up time of 2 years. We employed linear mixed models to identify biomarkers that are associated with disease progression, wheelchair dependency, and treatment with corticosteroids and performed survival analysis to find biomarkers whose levels are associated with time to loss of ambulation. RESULTS Our analysis led to the identification of 21 proteins whose levels significantly decrease with age and nine proteins whose levels significantly increase. Seven of these proteins are also differentially expressed in non-ambulant patients, and three proteins are differentially expressed in patients treated with glucocorticosteroids. Treatment with corticosteroids was found to partly counteract the effect of disease progression on two biomarkers, namely, malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2, P = 0.0003) and ankyrin repeat domain 2 (P = 0.0005); however, patients treated with corticosteroids experienced a further reduction on collagen 1 serum levels (P = 0.0003), especially following administration of deflazacort. A time to event analysis allowed to further support the use of MDH2 as a prognostic biomarker as it was associated with an increased risk of wheelchair dependence (P = 0.0003). The obtained data support the prospective evaluation of the identified biomarkers in natural history and clinical trials as exploratory biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS We identified a number of serum biomarkers associated with disease progression, loss of ambulation, and treatment with corticosteroids. The identified biomarkers are promising candidate prognostic and surrogate biomarkers, which may support drug developers if confirmed in prospective studies. The serum levels of MDH2 are of particular interest, as they correlate with disease stage and response to treatment with corticosteroids, and are also associated with the risk of wheelchair dependency and pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Signorelli
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Burcu Ayoglu
- Department of Protein Sciences, SciLifeLab, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Johansson
- Department of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Volker Straub
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Erik Niks
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roula Tsonaka
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anja Persson
- Department of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cristina Al-Khalili Szigyarto
- Department of Protein Sciences, SciLifeLab, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pietro Spitali
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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6
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Verhaart IEC, Putker K, van de Vijver D, Tanganyika-de Winter CL, Pasteuning-Vuhman S, Plomp JJ, Aartsma-Rus AM, van Putten M. Cross-sectional study into age-related pathology of mouse models for limb girdle muscular dystrophy types 2D and 2F. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220665. [PMID: 31430305 PMCID: PMC6701749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) types 2D and 2F are caused by mutations in the genes encoding for α- and δ-sarcoglycan, respectively, leading to progressive muscle weakness. Mouse models exist for LGMD2D (Sgca-/-) and 2F (Sgcd-/-). In a previous natural history study, we described the pathology in these mice at 34 weeks of age. However, the development of muscle pathology at younger ages has not been fully characterised yet. We therefore performed a study into age-related changes in muscle function and pathology by examining mice at different ages. From 4 weeks of age onwards, male mice were subjected to functional tests and sacrificed at respectively 8, 16 or 24 weeks of age. Muscle histopathology and expression of genes involved in muscle pathology were analysed for several skeletal muscles, while miRNA levels were assessed in serum. In addition, for Sgcd-/- mice heart pathology was assessed. Muscle function showed a gradual decline in both Sgca-/- and Sgcd-/- mice. Respiratory function was also impaired at all examined timepoints. Already at 8 weeks of age, muscle pathology was prominent, and fibrotic, inflammatory and regenerative markers were elevated, which remained relatively constant with age. In addition, Sgcd-/- mice showed signs of cardiomyopathy from 16 weeks of age onwards. These results indicate that Sgca-/- and Sgcd-/- are relevant disease models for LGMD2D and 2F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid E. C. Verhaart
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kayleigh Putker
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Davy van de Vijver
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jaap J. Plomp
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Annemieke M. Aartsma-Rus
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Maaike van Putten
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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7
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Obál I, Nógrádi B, Meszlényi V, Patai R, Ricken G, Kovacs GG, Tripolszki K, Széll M, Siklós L, Engelhardt JI. Experimental Motor Neuron Disease Induced in Mice with Long-Term Repeated Intraperitoneal Injections of Serum from ALS Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102573. [PMID: 31130623 PMCID: PMC6566871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In an earlier study, signs of commencing degeneration of spinal motor neurons were induced in mice with short-term intraperitoneal injections of immunoglobulin G (IgG) taken from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Since in that study, neither weakness nor loss of motor neurons was noted, to test whether the ALS IgG in this paradigm has the potential to evoke relentless degeneration of motor neurons, treatment with repeated injections over a longer period was carried out. Mice were systematically injected intraperitoneally with serum taken from ALS patients over a 75-day period. At selected time points, the isometric force of the limbs, number of spinal motor neurons and their intracellular calcium levels were determined. Furthermore, markers of glial activation and the motoneuronal uptake of human IgG were monitored. During this period, gliosis and progressive motoneuronal degeneration developed, which led to gradual loss of spinal motor neurons, more than 40% at day 21, along with decreasing muscle strength in the limbs. The inclusion-like accumulation of IgG appeared in the perikarya with the increase of intracellular calcium in the cell bodies and motor nerve terminals. Our results demonstrate that ALS serum can transfer motor neuron disease to mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabella Obál
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Neurology, Aalborg University Hospital, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Bernát Nógrádi
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary.
- Foundation for the Future of Biomedical Sciences in Szeged, Szeged Scientist Academy, H-6721 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Valéria Meszlényi
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary.
- Foundation for the Future of Biomedical Sciences in Szeged, Szeged Scientist Academy, H-6721 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Roland Patai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gerda Ricken
- Clinical Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria.
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Clinical Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria.
| | - Kornélia Tripolszki
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Márta Széll
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences - University of Szeged, Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - László Siklós
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
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8
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Saleh A, ElFayoumi HM, Youns M, Barakat W. Rutin and orlistat produce antitumor effects via antioxidant and apoptotic actions. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 392:165-175. [PMID: 30465055 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1579-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a broad term used to describe a large number of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation that leads to tumor production. Cancer is associated with mutations in genes controlling proliferation and apoptosis, oxidative stress, fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression, and other mechanisms. Currently, most antineoplastic drugs have severe adverse effects and new effective and safe drugs are needed. This study aims to investigate the possible anticancer activity of rutin and orlistat which are both safely used clinically in humans against two breast cancer models (in vivo EAC and in vitro MCF7) and the pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC-1). Our results have shown that both rutin and orlistat exerted an in vivo anticancer activity as evidenced by the decrease in tumor volume, CEA level, cholesterol content, FAS, and the exerted antioxidant action (reduced MDA level and increased GSH content) and through histopathological examination. In addition, both were cytotoxic to MCF-7 and Panc-1 cell lines by promoting apoptosis. In conclusion, the anticancer activity of rutin and orlistat makes them promising candidates for cancer treatment alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs specially that they are used clinically with an acceptable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hassan M ElFayoumi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Youns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Oman Pharmacy Institute, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Waleed Barakat
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. .,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabuk University, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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9
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Lim KRQ, Echigoya Y, Nagata T, Kuraoka M, Kobayashi M, Aoki Y, Partridge T, Maruyama R, Takeda S, Yokota T. Efficacy of Multi-exon Skipping Treatment in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Dog Model Neonates. Mol Ther 2018; 27:76-86. [PMID: 30448197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by mutations in DMD, which codes for dystrophin. Because the progressive and irreversible degeneration of muscle occurs from childhood, earlier therapy is required to prevent dystrophic progression. Exon skipping by antisense oligonucleotides called phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs), which restores the DMD reading frame and dystrophin expression, is a promising candidate for use in neonatal patients, yet the potential remains unclear. Here, we investigate the systemic efficacy and safety of early exon skipping in dystrophic dog neonates. Intravenous treatment of canine X-linked muscular dystrophy in Japan dogs with a 4-PMO cocktail resulted in ∼3%-27% in-frame exon 6-9 skipping and dystrophin restoration across skeletal muscles up to 14% of healthy levels. Histopathology was ameliorated with the reduction of fibrosis and/or necrosis area and centrally nucleated fibers, significantly in the diaphragm. Treatment induced cardiac multi-exon skipping, though dystrophin rescue was not detected. Functionally, treatment led to significant improvement in the standing test. Toxicity was not observed from blood tests. This is the first study to demonstrate successful multi-exon skipping treatment and significant functional improvement in dystrophic dogs. Early treatment was most beneficial for respiratory muscles, with implications for addressing pulmonary malfunction in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Rowel Q Lim
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Yusuke Echigoya
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nagata
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Kuraoka
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Masanori Kobayashi
- Department of Reproduction, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-0023, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Aoki
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Terence Partridge
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Rika Maruyama
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Shin'ichi Takeda
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
| | - Toshifumi Yokota
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; Muscular Dystrophy Canada Research Chair, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada.
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10
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Functional muscle recovery with nanoparticle-directed M2 macrophage polarization in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:10648-10653. [PMID: 30275293 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1806908115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistence of inflammation, and associated limits in tissue regeneration, are believed to be due in part to the imbalance of M1 over M2 macrophages. Here, we hypothesized that providing a sustained source of an antiinflammatory polarizing cytokine would shift the balance of macrophages at a site of tissue damage to improve functional regeneration. Specifically, IL-4-conjugated gold nanoparticles (PA4) were injected into injured murine skeletal muscle, resulting in improved histology and an ∼40% increase in muscle force compared with mice treated with vehicle only. Macrophages were the predominant infiltrating immune cell, and treatment with PA4 resulted in an approximately twofold increase in the percentage of macrophages expressing the M2a phenotype and an approximately twofold decrease in M1 macrophages, compared with mice treated with vehicle only. Intramuscular injection of soluble IL-4 did not shift macrophage polarization or result in functional muscle improvements. Depletion of monocytes/macrophages eliminated the therapeutic effects of PA4, suggesting that improvement in muscle function was the result of M2-shifted macrophage polarization. The ability of PA4 to direct macrophage polarization in vivo may be beneficial in the treatment of many injuries and inflammatory diseases.
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Pasteuning-Vuhman S, Putker K, Tanganyika-de Winter CL, Boertje-van der Meulen JW, van Vliet L, Overzier M, Plomp JJ, Aartsma-Rus A, van Putten M. Natural disease history of the dy2J mouse model of laminin α2 (merosin)-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197388. [PMID: 29763467 PMCID: PMC5953480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Merosin deficient congenital muscular dystrophy 1A (MDC1A) is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the LAMA2 gene leading to severe and progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Although over 350 causative mutations have been identified for MDC1A, no treatment is yet available. There are many therapeutic approaches in development, but the lack of natural history data of the mouse model and standardized outcome measures makes it difficult to transit these pre-clinical findings to clinical trials. Therefore, in the present study, we collected natural history data and assessed pre-clinical outcome measures for the dy2J/dy2J mouse model using standardized operating procedures available from the TREAT-NMD Alliance. Wild type and dy2J/dy2J mice were subjected to five different functional tests from the age of four to 32 weeks. Non-tested control groups were taken along to assess whether the functional test regime interfered with muscle pathology. Respiratory function, body weights and creatine kinase levels were recorded. Lastly, skeletal muscles were collected for further histopathological and gene expression analyses. Muscle function of dy2J/dy2J mice was severely impaired at four weeks of age and all mice lost the ability to use their hind limbs. Moreover, respiratory function was altered in dy2J/dy2J mice. Interestingly, the respiration rate was decreased and declined with age, whereas the respiration amplitude was increased in dy2J/dy2J mice when compared to wild type mice. Creatine kinase levels were comparable to wild type mice. Muscle histopathology and gene expression analysis revealed that there was a specific regional distribution pattern of muscle damage in dy2J/dy2J mice. Gastrocnemius appeared to be the most severely affected muscle with a high proportion of atrophic fibers, increased fibrosis and inflammation. By contrast, triceps was affected moderately and diaphragm only mildly. Our study presents a complete natural history dataset which can be used in setting up standardized studies in dy2J/dy2J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Pasteuning-Vuhman
- Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - K. Putker
- Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - L. van Vliet
- Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. Overzier
- Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J. J. Plomp
- Department of Neurology Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A. Aartsma-Rus
- Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. van Putten
- Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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12
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Charrin E, Dubé JJ, Connes P, Pialoux V, Ghosh S, Faes C, Ofori-Acquah SF, Martin C. Moderate exercise training decreases inflammation in transgenic sickle cell mice. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Wiesner D, Tar L, Linkus B, Chandrasekar A, Olde Heuvel F, Dupuis L, Tsao W, Wong PC, Ludolph A, Roselli F. Reversible induction of TDP-43 granules in cortical neurons after traumatic injury. Exp Neurol 2017; 299:15-25. [PMID: 28941811 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been proposed as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To determine whether TBI might trigger or exacerbate ALS-relevant pathology, we delivered a mild stab-wound injury to the motor cortex of three different ALS mouse models expressing mutations in SOD1, TDP-43 or FUS and scrutinized the effects on the formation of phospho-TDP-43 (pTDP-43) cytoplasmic granules. Stab-injury induced the formation of cytoplasmic TDP-43 granules in wt animals, peaking at 3dpi; a much larger response was seen in mutant TDP-43 mice, whose response peaked at 7dpi. The pTDP-43 granules did not colocalize with the stress markers TIAR-1 and FUS but colocalized with FMRP (35%) and with p62 (65%), suggesting their involvement in transport granules and their clearance by autophagy. A similar, albeit smaller effect, was seen in mutant FUS mice. In the SOD1G93A mouse model, neither increase in pTDP-43 granules nor in SOD1 aggregates were detected. In all cases, pTDP-43 granules were cleared and the number of pTDP-43-positive neurons returned to baseline by 40dpi. Neither injury-related neuronal loss nor motor performance or survival was significantly different in transgenic mice receiving injury vs sham mice. Thus, trauma can trigger ALS-related TDP-43 pathology, the extent of which is modulated by ALS-related mutations. However, the pathological findings prove reversible and do not affect disease progression and neuronal vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Wiesner
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Ulm School of Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lilla Tar
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Ulm School of Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | - Birgit Linkus
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Ulm School of Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Luc Dupuis
- Inserm U1118, Mécanismes centraux et périphétiques de la neurodégénérescence, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France
| | - William Tsao
- Dept. of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Philip C Wong
- Dept. of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Albert Ludolph
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Ulm School of Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | - Francesco Roselli
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Ulm School of Medicine, Ulm, Germany; Dept. of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Ulm School of Medicine, Germany.
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Natural disease history of mouse models for limb girdle muscular dystrophy types 2D and 2F. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182704. [PMID: 28797108 PMCID: PMC5552258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy types 2D and 2F (LGMD 2D and 2F) are autosomal recessive disorders caused by mutations in the alpha- and delta sarcoglycan genes, respectively, leading to severe muscle weakness and degeneration. The cause of the disease has been well characterized and a number of animal models are available for pre-clinical studies to test potential therapeutic interventions. To facilitate transition from drug discovery to clinical trials, standardized procedures and natural disease history data were collected for these mouse models. Implementing the TREAD-NMD standardized operating procedures, we here subjected LGMD2D (SGCA-null), LGMD2F (SGCD-null) and wild type (C57BL/6J) mice to five functional tests from the age of 4 to 32 weeks. To assess whether the functional test regime interfered with disease pathology, sedentary groups were taken along. Muscle physiology testing of tibialis anterior muscle was performed at the age of 34 weeks. Muscle histopathology and gene expression was analysed in skeletal muscles and heart. Muscle histopathology and gene expression was analysed in skeletal muscles and heart. Mice successfully accomplished the functional tests, which did not interfere with disease pathology. Muscle function of SGCA- and SGCD-null mice was impaired and declined over time. Interestingly, female SGCD-null mice outperformed males in the two and four limb hanging tests, which proved the most suitable non-invasive tests to assess muscle function. Muscle physiology testing of tibialis anterior muscle revealed lower specific force and higher susceptibility to eccentric-induced damage in LGMD mice. Analyzing muscle histopathology and gene expression, we identified the diaphragm as the most affected muscle in LGMD strains. Cardiac fibrosis was found in SGCD-null mice, being more severe in males than in females. Our study offers a comprehensive natural history dataset which will be useful to design standardized tests and future pre-clinical studies in LGMD2D and 2F mice.
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15
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Reano S, Angelino E, Ferrara M, Malacarne V, Sustova H, Sabry O, Agosti E, Clerici S, Ruozi G, Zentilin L, Prodam F, Geuna S, Giacca M, Graziani A, Filigheddu N. Unacylated Ghrelin Enhances Satellite Cell Function and Relieves the Dystrophic Phenotype in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy mdx Model. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1733-1746. [PMID: 28436144 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Muscle regeneration depends on satellite cells (SCs), quiescent precursors that, in consequence of injury or in pathological states such as muscular dystrophies, activate, proliferate, and differentiate to repair the damaged tissue. A subset of SCs undergoes self-renewal, thus preserving the SC pool and its regenerative potential. Unacylated ghrelin (UnAG) is a circulating hormone that protects muscle from atrophy, promotes myoblast differentiation, and enhances ischemia-induced muscle regeneration. Here we show that UnAG increases SC activity and stimulates Par polarity complex/p38-mediated asymmetric division, fostering both SC self-renewal and myoblast differentiation. Because of those activities on different steps of muscle regeneration, we hypothesized a beneficial effect of UnAG in mdx dystrophic mice, in which the absence of dystrophin leads to chronic muscle degeneration, defective muscle regeneration, fibrosis, and, at later stages of the pathology, SC pool exhaustion. Upregulation of UnAG levels in mdx mice reduces muscle degeneration, improves muscle function, and increases dystrophin-null SC self-renewal, maintaining the SC pool. Our results suggest that UnAG has significant therapeutic potential for preserving the muscles in dystrophies. Stem Cells 2017;35:1733-1746.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Reano
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (IIM)
| | - Elia Angelino
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (IIM)
| | - Michele Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (IIM)
| | - Valeria Malacarne
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (IIM)
| | - Hana Sustova
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (IIM)
| | - Omar Sabry
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (IIM)
| | - Emanuela Agosti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (IIM)
| | - Sara Clerici
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (IIM)
| | - Giulia Ruozi
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorena Zentilin
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Flavia Prodam
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Graziani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (IIM)
| | - Nicoletta Filigheddu
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy and Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (IIM)
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16
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Pasteuning-Vuhman S, Boertje-van der Meulen JW, van Putten M, Overzier M, Ten Dijke P, Kiełbasa SM, Arindrarto W, Wolterbeek R, Lezhnina KV, Ozerov IV, Aliper AM, Hoogaars WM, Aartsma-Rus A, Loomans CJM. New function of the myostatin/activin type I receptor (ALK4) as a mediator of muscle atrophy and muscle regeneration. FASEB J 2016; 31:238-255. [PMID: 27733450 PMCID: PMC5161514 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600675r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fibrosis and impaired muscle regeneration are major contributors to muscle wasting in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Muscle growth is negatively regulated by myostatin (MSTN) and activins. Blockage of these pathways may improve muscle quality and function in DMD. Antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) were designed specifically to block the function of ALK4, a key receptor for the MSTN/activin pathway in skeletal muscle. AON-induced exon skipping resulted in specific Alk4 down-regulation, inhibition of MSTN activity, and increased myoblast differentiation in vitro. Unexpectedly, a marked decrease in muscle mass (10%) was found after Alk4 AON treatment in mdx mice. In line with in vitro results, muscle regeneration was stimulated, and muscle fiber size decreased markedly. Notably, when Alk4 was down-regulated in adult wild-type mice, muscle mass decreased even more. RNAseq analysis revealed dysregulated metabolic functions and signs of muscle atrophy. We conclude that ALK4 inhibition increases myogenesis but also regulates the tight balance of protein synthesis and degradation. Therefore, caution must be used when developing therapies that interfere with MSTN/activin pathways.—Pasteuning-Vuhman, S., Boertje-van der Meulen, J. W., van Putten, M., Overzier, M., ten Dijke, P., Kiełbasa, S. M., Arindrarto, W., Wolterbeek, R., Lezhnina, K. V., Ozerov, I. V., Aliper, A. M., Hoogaars, W. M., Aartsma-Rus, A., Loomans, C. J. M. New function of the myostatin/activin type I receptor (ALK4) as a mediator of muscle atrophy and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maaike van Putten
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice Overzier
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Cancer Genomics Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Szymon M Kiełbasa
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wibowo Arindrarto
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Wolterbeek
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ksenia V Lezhnina
- InSilico Medicine, Incorporated, Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; and
| | - Ivan V Ozerov
- InSilico Medicine, Incorporated, Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; and
| | - Aleksandr M Aliper
- InSilico Medicine, Incorporated, Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; and
| | - Willem M Hoogaars
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Move Research Institute Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Cindy J M Loomans
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ito M, Ehara Y, Li J, Inada K, Ohno K. Protein-Anchoring Therapy of Biglycan for Mdx Mouse Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 28:428-436. [PMID: 27485975 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2015.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating muscle disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in DMD encoding dystrophin. No rational therapy is currently available. Utrophin is a paralog of dystrophin and is highly expressed at the neuromuscular junction. In mdx mice, utrophin is naturally upregulated throughout the muscle fibers, which mitigates muscular dystrophy. Protein-anchoring therapy was previously reported, in which a recombinant extracellular matrix (ECM) protein is delivered to and anchored to a specific target using its proprietary binding domains. Being prompted by a report that intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection of an ECM protein, biglycan, upregulates expression of utrophin and ameliorates muscle pathology in mdx mice, protein-anchoring therapy was applied to mdx mice. Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (rAAV8) carrying hBGN encoding human biglycan was intravenously injected into 5-week-old mdx mice. The rAAV8-hBGN treatment improved motor deficits and decreased plasma creatine kinase activities. In muscle sections of treated mice, the number of central myonuclei and the distribution of myofiber sizes were improved. The treated mice increased gene expressions of utrophin and β1-syntrophin, as well as protein expressions of biglycan, utrophin, γ-sarcoglycan, dystrobrevin, and α1-syntrophin. The expression of hBGN in the skeletal muscle of the treated mice was 1.34-fold higher than that of the native mouse Bgn (mBgn). The low transduction efficiency and improved motor functions suggest that biglycan expressed in a small number of muscle fibers was likely to have been secreted and anchored to the cell surface throughout the whole muscular fibers. It is proposed that the protein-anchoring strategy can be applied not only to deficiency of an ECM protein as previously reported, but also to augmentation of a naturally induced ECM protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikako Ito
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuka Ehara
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jin Li
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kosuke Inada
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, Japan
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Vohra RS, Mathur S, Bryant ND, Forbes SC, Vandenborne K, Walter GA. Age-related T2 changes in hindlimb muscles of mdx mice. Muscle Nerve 2015; 53:84-90. [PMID: 25846867 DOI: 10.1002/mus.24675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor changes in the transverse relaxation time constant (T2) in lower hindlimb muscles of mdx mice at different ages. METHODS Young (5 weeks), adult (44 weeks), and old mdx (96 weeks), and age-matched control mice were studied. Young mdx mice were imaged longitudinally, whereas adult and old mdx mice were imaged at a single time-point. RESULTS Mean muscle T2 and percent of pixels with elevated T2 were significantly different between mdx and control mice at all ages. In young mdx mice, mean muscle T2 peaked at 7-8 weeks and declined at 9-11 weeks. In old mdx mice, mean muscle T2 was decreased compared with young and adult mice, which could be attributed to fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS MRI captured longitudinal changes in skeletal muscle integrity of mdx mice. This information will be valuable for pre-clinical testing of potential therapeutic interventions for muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet S Vohra
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sunita Mathur
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan D Bryant
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Box 100274, Gainesville, Florida, 32610-0274, USA
| | - Sean C Forbes
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Krista Vandenborne
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Glenn A Walter
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Box 100274, Gainesville, Florida, 32610-0274, USA
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McDonald AA, Hebert SL, Kunz MD, Ralles SJ, McLoon LK. Disease course in mdx:utrophin+/- mice: comparison of three mouse models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/4/e12391. [PMID: 25921779 PMCID: PMC4425985 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is used to study disease mechanisms and potential treatments, but its pathology is less severe than DMD patients. Other mouse models were developed to more closely mimic the human disease based on knowledge that upregulation of utrophin has a protective effect in mdx muscle. An mdx:utrophin−/− (dko) mouse was created, which had a severe disease phenotype and a shortened life span. An mdx:utrophin+/− mouse was also created, which had an intermediate disease phenotype compared to the mdx and dko mice. To determine the usefulness of mdx:utrophin+/− mice for long-term DMD studies, limb muscle pathology and function were assessed across the life span of wild-type, mdx, mdx:utrophin+/−, and dko mice. Muscle function assessment, specifically grip duration and rotarod performance, demonstrated that mdx:utrophin+/− mice were weaker for a longer time than mdx mice. Mean myofiber area was smaller in mdx:utrophin+/− mice compared to mdx mice at 12 months. Mdx:utrophin+/− mice had a higher percentage of centrally nucleated myofibers compared to mdx mice at 6 and 12 months. Collagen I and IV density was significantly higher in mdx:utrophin+/− muscle compared to mdx at most ages examined. Generally, mdx:utrophin+/− mice showed an intermediate disease phenotype over a longer time course compared to the mdx and dko mice. While they do not genetically mirror human DMD, mdx:utrophin+/− mice may be a more useful animal model than mdx or dko mice for investigating long-term efficacy of potential treatments when fibrosis or muscle function is the focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby A McDonald
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular, Developmental Biology and Genetics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Minnesota
| | - Sadie L Hebert
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Matthew D Kunz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Steven J Ralles
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Linda K McLoon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular, Developmental Biology and Genetics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Minnesota Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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20
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Ditsios K, Boutsiadis A, Kapoukranidou D, Chatzisotiriou A, Kalpidis I, Albani M, Christodoulou A. Chronic massive rotator cuff tear in rats: in vivo evaluation of muscle force and three-dimensional histologic analysis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2014; 23:1822-1830. [PMID: 24981552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Massive rotator cuff tear repair is frequently complicated by unsatisfactory clinical results due to possible tendon retraction, muscle atrophy, and fatty degeneration. The objective of this study was the development of a chronic massive tear in a rat model and the evaluation of the muscle force in vivo and of the histologic changes in a 3- dimensional manner. METHODS To simulate massive rotator cuff tears, both the supraspinatus (SS) and the infraspinatus (IS) tendons were surgically detached from the right humerus of 15 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Twelve weeks postoperatively, all animals underwent isometric tension recordings of both the SS and IS muscles. Histologic analysis and image deconvolution processing were performed to estimate the presence and the distribution of atrophy in 3 dimensions. RESULTS An overall 30% and 35% reduction in muscle force of the SS and IS muscles, respectively, was observed compared with the left uninjured shoulder (P < .005). Histologic analysis revealed that the degeneration and the fatty infiltration were more evident near the tendon and at the dorsal side in both muscle groups. CONCLUSIONS These results show that functional impairment of SS and IS muscles after chronic massive tendon tears could be attributed to the decrease in muscle force production during their repair on the greater tuberosity and, second, to the comparatively greater degeneration of their dorsal part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Ditsios
- First Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Achilleas Boutsiadis
- First Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Ioannis Kalpidis
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Albani
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Christodoulou
- First Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Rocco AB, Levalley JC, Eldridge JA, Marsh SA, Rodgers BD. A novel protocol for assessing exercise performance and dystropathophysiology in the mdx mouse. Muscle Nerve 2014; 50:541-8. [PMID: 24449511 DOI: 10.1002/mus.24184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dystrophinopathy in the young mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy is comparatively mild, requires induction, and is rarely assessed with tests of systemic muscle function in whole animals. METHODS A modified TREAT-NMD induction protocol was used to evaluate respiratory and exercise performance, starting and ending with maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max ) tests. RESULTS The initial and/or final VO2max , time to exhaustion, speed at exhaustion, and total expended calories were significantly lower in mdx mice. Episodic VO2 and VCO2 fluctuations occurred during training and resulted in dissociated patterns of VO2 and respiratory exchange ratio (RER). These fluctuations further resulted in significantly greater VO2 coefficient of variation and RER values and lower minimal VO2 values. CONCLUSIONS Quantifying respiratory performance during exercise is a potentially useful means for studying pathophysiology in mdx mice, as it assesses intact animals over time, is more sensitive than some histological markers, and assesses systemic muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Rocco
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington Center for Muscle Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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22
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Kimura S, Yoshioka K. Parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone type-1 receptor accelerate myocyte differentiation. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5066. [PMID: 24919035 PMCID: PMC4052750 DOI: 10.1038/srep05066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ZHTc6-MyoD embryonic stem cell line expresses the myogenic transcriptional factor MyoD under the control of a tetracycline-inducible promoter. Following induction, most of the ZHTc6-MyoD cells differentiate to myotubes. However, a small fraction does not differentiate, instead forming colonies that retain the potential for myocyte differentiation. In our current study, we found that parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor (PTH1R) expression in colony-forming cells at 13 days after differentiation was higher than that in the undifferentiated ZHTc6-MyoD cells. We also found that PTH1R expression was required for myocyte differentiation, and that parathyroid hormone accelerated the differentiation. Our analysis of human and mouse skeletal muscle tissues showed that most cells expressing PTH1R also expressed Pax7 and CD34, which are biomarkers of satellite cells. Furthermore, we found that parathyroid hormone treatment significantly improved muscle weakness in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice. This is the first report indicating that PTH1R and PTH accelerate myocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigemi Kimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kowasi Yoshioka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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23
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Targeting TGF-β Signaling by Antisense Oligonucleotide-mediated Knockdown of TGF-β Type I Receptor. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2014; 3:e156. [PMID: 24691207 PMCID: PMC4011125 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2014.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by lack of functional dystrophin and results in progressive myofiber damage and degeneration. In addition, impaired muscle regeneration and fibrosis contribute to the progressive pathology of DMD. Importantly, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is implicated in DMD pathology and is known to stimulate fibrosis and inhibit muscle regeneration. In this study, we present a new strategy to target TGF-β signaling cascades by specifically inhibiting the expression of TGF-β type I receptor TGFBR1 (ALK5). Antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) were designed to specifically induce exon skipping of mouse ALK5 transcripts. AON-induced exon skipping of ALK5 resulted in specific downregulation of full-length receptor transcripts in vitro in different cell types, repression of TGF-β activity, and enhanced C2C12 myoblast differentiation. To determine the effect of these AONs in dystrophic muscles, we performed intramuscular injections of ALK5 AONs in mdx mice, which resulted in a decrease in expression of fibrosis-related genes and upregulation of Myog expression compared to control AON-injected muscles. In summary, our study presents a novel method to target TGF-β signaling cascades with potential beneficial effects for DMD.
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24
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Aartsma-Rus A, van Putten M. Assessing functional performance in the mdx mouse model. J Vis Exp 2014. [PMID: 24747372 DOI: 10.3791/51303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe and progressive muscle wasting disorder for which no cure is available. Nevertheless, several potential pharmaceutical compounds and gene therapy approaches have progressed into clinical trials. With improvement in muscle function being the most important end point in these trials, a lot of emphasis has been placed on setting up reliable, reproducible, and easy to perform functional tests to pre clinically assess muscle function, strength, condition, and coordination in the mdx mouse model for DMD. Both invasive and noninvasive tests are available. Tests that do not exacerbate the disease can be used to determine the natural history of the disease and the effects of therapeutic interventions (e.g. forelimb grip strength test, two different hanging tests using either a wire or a grid and rotarod running). Alternatively, forced treadmill running can be used to enhance disease progression and/or assess protective effects of therapeutic interventions on disease pathology. We here describe how to perform these most commonly used functional tests in a reliable and reproducible manner. Using these protocols based on standard operating procedures enables comparison of data between different laboratories.
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25
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Spitali P, van den Bergen JC, Verhaart IEC, Wokke B, Janson AAM, van den Eijnde R, den Dunnen JT, Laros JFJ, Verschuuren JJGM, 't Hoen PAC, Aartsma-Rus A. DMD transcript imbalance determines dystrophin levels. FASEB J 2013; 27:4909-16. [PMID: 23975932 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-232025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies are caused by out-of-frame and in-frame mutations, respectively, in the dystrophin encoding DMD gene. Molecular therapies targeting the precursor-mRNA are in clinical trials and show promising results. These approaches will depend on the stability and expression levels of dystrophin mRNA in skeletal muscles and heart. We report that the DMD gene is more highly expressed in heart than in skeletal muscles, in mice and humans. The transcript mutated in the mdx mouse model shows a 5' to 3' imbalance compared with that of its wild-type counterpart and reading frame restoration via antisense-mediated exon skipping does not correct this event. We also report significant transcript instability in 22 patients with Becker dystrophy, clarifying the fact that transcript imbalance is not caused by premature nonsense mutations. Finally, we demonstrate that transcript stability, rather than transcriptional rate, is an important determinant of dystrophin protein levels in patients with Becker dystrophy. We suggest that the availability of the complete transcript is a key factor to determine protein abundance and thus will influence the outcome of mRNA-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Spitali
- 1Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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26
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Hulmi JJ, Oliveira BM, Silvennoinen M, Hoogaars WMH, Pasternack A, Kainulainen H, Ritvos O. Exercise restores decreased physical activity levels and increases markers of autophagy and oxidative capacity in myostatin/activin-blocked mdx mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2013; 305:E171-82. [PMID: 23695214 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00065.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The importance of adequate levels of muscle size and function and physical activity is widely recognized. Myostatin/activin blocking increases skeletal muscle mass but may decrease muscle oxidative capacity and can thus be hypothesized to affect voluntary physical activity. Soluble activin receptor IIB (sActRIIB-Fc) was produced to block myostatin/activins. Modestly dystrophic mdx mice were injected with sActRIIB-Fc or PBS with or without voluntary wheel running exercise for 7 wk. Healthy mice served as controls. Running for 7 wk attenuated the sActRIIB-Fc-induced increase in body mass by decreasing fat mass. Running also enhanced/restored the markers of muscle oxidative capacity and autophagy in mdx mice to or above the levels of healthy mice. Voluntary running activity was decreased by sActRIIB-Fc during the first 3-4 wk correlating with increased body mass. Home cage physical activity of mice, quantified from the force plate signal, was decreased by sActRIIB-Fc the whole 7-wk treatment in sedentary mice. To understand what happens during the first weeks after sActRIIB-Fc administration, when mice are less active, healthy mice were injected with sActRIIB-Fc or PBS for 2 wk. During the sActRIIB-Fc-induced rapid 2-wk muscle growth period, oxidative capacity and autophagy were reduced, which may possibly explain the decreased running activity. These results show that increased muscle size and decreased markers of oxidative capacity and autophagy during the first weeks of myostatin/activin blocking are associated with decreased voluntary activity levels. Voluntary exercise in dystrophic mice enhances the markers of oxidative capacity and autophagy to or above the levels of healthy mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha J Hulmi
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
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27
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van Putten M, Hulsker M, Young C, Nadarajah VD, Heemskerk H, van der Weerd L, 't Hoen PAC, van Ommen GJB, Aartsma-Rus AM. Low dystrophin levels increase survival and improve muscle pathology and function in dystrophin/utrophin double-knockout mice. FASEB J 2013; 27:2484-95. [PMID: 23460734 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-224170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe muscle-wasting disorder caused by the lack of functional dystrophin. There is no cure, but several clinical trials aimed to restore the synthesis of functional dystrophin are underway. The dystrophin levels needed for improvement of muscle pathology, function, and overall vitality are not known. Here, we describe the mdx/utrn(-/-)/Xist(Δhs) mouse model, which expresses a range of low dystrophin levels, depending on the degree of skewing of X inactivation in a utrophin-negative background. Mdx/utrn(-/-) mice develop severe muscle weakness, kyphosis, respiratory and heart failure, and premature death closely resembling DMD pathology. We show that at dystrophin levels < 4%, survival and motor function in these animals are greatly improved. In mice expressing >4% dystrophin, histopathology is ameliorated, as well. These findings suggest that the dystrophin levels needed to benefit vitality and functioning of patients with DMD might be lower than those needed for full protection against muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike van Putten
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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28
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Bueno G, Déniz O, Salido J, Milagro Fernández M, Vállez N, García-Rojo M. Colour Model Analysis for Histopathology Image Processing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5389-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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29
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Kayali R, Ku JM, Khitrov G, Jung ME, Prikhodko O, Bertoni C. Read-through compound 13 restores dystrophin expression and improves muscle function in the mdx mouse model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:4007-20. [PMID: 22692682 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecules that induce ribosomal read-through of nonsense mutations in mRNA and allow production of a full-length functional protein hold great therapeutic potential for the treatment of many genetic disorders. Two such read-through compounds, RTC13 and RTC14, were recently identified by a luciferase-independent high-throughput screening assay and were shown to have potential therapeutic functions in the treatment of nonsense mutations in the ATM and the dystrophin genes. We have now tested the ability of RTC13 and RTC14 to restore dystrophin expression into skeletal muscles of the mdx mouse model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Direct intramuscular injection of compound RTC14 did not result in significant read-through activity in vivo and demonstrated the levels of dystrophin protein similar to those detected using gentamicin. In contrast, significant higher amounts of dystrophin were detected after intramuscular injection of RTC13. When administered systemically, RTC13 was shown to partially restore dystrophin protein in different muscle groups, including diaphragm and heart, and improved muscle function. An increase in muscle strength was detected in all treated animals and was accompanied by a significant decrease in creatine kinase levels. These studies establish the therapeutic potential of RTC13 in vivo and advance this newly identified compound into preclinical application for DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refik Kayali
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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30
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Comparison of skeletal muscle pathology and motor function of dystrophin and utrophin deficient mouse strains. Neuromuscul Disord 2012; 22:406-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Patterson-Buckendahl P, Sowinska A, Yee S, Patel D, Pagkalinawan S, Shahid M, Shah A, Franz C, Benjamin DE, Pohorecky LA. Decreased sensory responses in osteocalcin null mutant mice imply neuropeptide function. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2012; 32:879-89. [PMID: 22350212 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-012-9810-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteocalcin, the most abundant member of the family of extracellular mineral binding gamma-carboxyglutamic acid proteins is synthesized primarily by osteoblasts. Its affinity for calcium ions is believed to limit bone mineralization. Several of the numerous hormones that regulate synthesis of osteocalcin, including glucocorticoids and parathyroid hormone, are also affected by stressful stimuli that require energy for an appropriate response. Based on our observations of OC responding to stressful sensory stimuli, the expression of OC in mouse and rat sensory ganglia was confirmed. It was thus hypothesized that the behavioral responses of the OC knockout mouse to stressful sensory stimuli would be abnormal. To test this hypothesis, behaviors related to sensory aspects of the stress response were quantified in nine groups of mice, aged 4-14 months, comparing knockout with their wild-type counterparts in six distinctly different behavioral tests. Resulting data indicated the following statistically significant differences: open field grooming frequency following saline injection, wild-type > knockout; paw stimulation with Von Frey fibers, knockout < wild-type; balance beam, knockout mobility < WT; thermal sensitivity to heat (tail flick), knockout < wild-type; and cold, knockout < wild-type. Insignificant differences in hanging wire test indicate that these responses are unrelated to reduced muscle strength. Each of these disparate environmental stimuli provided data indicating alterations of responses in knockout mice that suggest participation of osteocalcin in transmission of information about those sensory stimuli.
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32
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van Putten M, Hulsker M, Nadarajah VD, van Heiningen SH, van Huizen E, van Iterson M, Admiraal P, Messemaker T, den Dunnen JT, 't Hoen PAC, Aartsma-Rus A. The effects of low levels of dystrophin on mouse muscle function and pathology. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31937. [PMID: 22359642 PMCID: PMC3281102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe progressive muscular disorder caused by reading frame disrupting mutations in the DMD gene, preventing the synthesis of functional dystrophin. As dystrophin provides muscle fiber stability during contractions, dystrophin negative fibers are prone to exercise-induced damage. Upon exhaustion of the regenerative capacity, fibers will be replaced by fibrotic and fat tissue resulting in a progressive loss of function eventually leading to death in the early thirties. With several promising approaches for the treatment of DMD aiming at dystrophin restoration in clinical trials, there is an increasing need to determine more precisely which dystrophin levels are sufficient to restore muscle fiber integrity, protect against muscle damage and improve muscle function. To address this we generated a new mouse model (mdx-XistΔhs) with varying, low dystrophin levels (3–47%, mean 22.7%, stdev 12.1, n = 24) due to skewed X-inactivation. Longitudinal sections revealed that within individual fibers, some nuclei did and some did not express dystrophin, resulting in a random, mosaic pattern of dystrophin expression within fibers. Mdx-XistΔhs, mdx and wild type females underwent a 12 week functional test regime consisting of different tests to assess muscle function at base line, or after chronic treadmill running exercise. Overall, mdx-XistΔhs mice with 3–14% dystrophin outperformed mdx mice in the functional tests. Improved histopathology was observed in mice with 15–29% dystrophin and these levels also resulted in normalized expression of pro-inflammatory biomarker genes, while for other parameters >30% of dystrophin was needed. Chronic exercise clearly worsened pathology, which needed dystrophin levels >20% for protection. Based on these findings, we conclude that while even dystrophin levels below 15% can improve pathology and performance, levels of >20% are needed to fully protect muscle fibers from exercise-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike van Putten
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Margriet Hulsker
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vishna Devi Nadarajah
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Ella van Huizen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten van Iterson
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Admiraal
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tobias Messemaker
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Johan T. den Dunnen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter A. C. 't Hoen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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33
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Klein SM, Vykoukal J, Lechler P, Zeitler K, Gehmert S, Schreml S, Alt E, Bogdahn U, Prantl L. Noninvasive in vivo assessment of muscle impairment in the mdx mouse model – A comparison of two common wire hanging methods with two different results. J Neurosci Methods 2012; 203:292-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 09/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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34
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Wooddell CI, Radley‐Crabb HG, Griffin JB, Zhang G. Myofiber Damage Evaluation by Evans Blue Dye Injection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 1:463-88. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470942390.mo110141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah G. Radley‐Crabb
- School of Anatomy and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia Crawley Australia
| | | | - Guofeng Zhang
- School of Anatomy and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia Crawley Australia
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35
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The soy isoflavone genistein blunts nuclear factor kappa-B, MAPKs and TNF-α activation and ameliorates muscle function and morphology in mdx mice. Neuromuscul Disord 2011; 21:579-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2011.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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36
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Shi S, Hoogaars WMH, de Gorter DJJ, van Heiningen SH, Lin HY, Hong CC, Kemaladewi DU, Aartsma-Rus A, ten Dijke P, 't Hoen PAC. BMP antagonists enhance myogenic differentiation and ameliorate the dystrophic phenotype in a DMD mouse model. Neurobiol Dis 2010; 41:353-60. [PMID: 20940052 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked lethal muscle wasting disease characterized by muscle fiber degeneration and necrosis. The progressive pathology of DMD can be explained by an insufficient regenerative response resulting in fibrosis and adipose tissue formation. BMPs are known to inhibit myogenic differentiation and in a previous study we found an increased expression of a BMP family member BMP4 in DMD myoblasts. The aim of the current study was therefore to investigate whether inhibition of BMP signaling could be beneficial for myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration processes in a DMD context. All tested BMP inhibitors, Noggin, dorsomorphin and LDN-193189, were able to accelerate and enhance myogenic differentiation. However, dorsomorphin repressed both BMP and TGFβ signaling and was found to be toxic to primary myoblast cell cultures. In contrast, Noggin was found to be a potent and selective BMP inhibitor and was therefore tested in vivo in a DMD mouse model. Local adenoviral-mediated overexpression of Noggin in muscle resulted in an increased expression of the myogenic regulatory genes Myog and Myod1 and improved muscle histology. In conclusion, our results suggest that repression of BMP signaling may constitute an attractive adjunctive therapy for DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- SongTing Shi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Centre for Biomedical Genetics, Leiden, The Netherlands
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