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Ji Y, Zuo C, Liao N, Yao L, Yang R, Chen H, Wen F. Identification of key lncRNAs in age-related macular degeneration through integrated bioinformatics and experimental validation. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5435-5451. [PMID: 38484366 PMCID: PMC11006464 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify key long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients and to identify relevant pathological mechanisms of AMD development. We identified 407 differentially expressed mRNAs and 429 differentially expressed lncRNAs in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and retina in the macular region of AMD patients versus controls (P < 0.05 and |log2FC| > 0.585) from GSE135092. A total of 14 key differentially expressed mRNAs were obtained through external data validation from GSE115828. A miRNA-mRNA and miRNA-lncRNA network containing 52 lncRNA nodes, 49 miRNA nodes, 14 mRNA nodes and 351 edges was constructed via integrated analysis of these components. Finally, the LINC00276-miR-619-5p-IFIT3 axis was identified via protein-protein network analysis. In the t-BH-induced ARPE-19 senescent cell model, LINC00276 and IFIT3 were downregulated. Overexpression of LINC00276 could accelerate cell migration in combination with IFIT3 upregulation. This compelling finding suggests that LINC00276 plays an influential role in the progression of AMD, potentially through modulating senescence processes, thereby setting a foundation for future investigative efforts to verify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chengguo Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Nanying Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Liwei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ruijun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Feng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Rajanala K, Upadhyay A. Epigenetic Switches in Retinal Homeostasis and Target for Drug Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2840. [PMID: 38474086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinal homeostasis, a tightly regulated process maintaining the functional integrity of the retina, is vital for visual function. Emerging research has unveiled the critical role of epigenetic regulation in controlling gene expression patterns during retinal development, maintenance, and response to mutational loads and injuries. Epigenetic switches, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, play pivotal roles in orchestrating retinal gene expression and cellular responses through various intracellular, extracellular, and environmental modulators. This review compiles the current knowledge on epigenetic switches in retinal homeostasis, providing a deeper understanding of their impact on retinal structural integrity and function and using them as potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Ocugen Inc., 11 Great Valley Parkway, Malvern, PA 19355, USA
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Wang Y, Zhang YR, Ding ZQ, Zhang YC, Sun RX, Zhu HJ, Wang JN, Xu B, Zhang P, Ji JD, Liu QH, Chen X. m6A-Mediated Upregulation of Imprinted in Prader-Willi Syndrome Induces Aberrant Apical-Basal Polarization and Oxidative Damage in RPE Cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:10. [PMID: 38315495 PMCID: PMC10851782 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To reveal the clinical significance, pathological involvement and molecular mechanism of imprinted in Prader-Willi syndrome (IPW) in RPE anomalies that contribute to AMD. Methods IPW expression under pathological conditions were detected by microarrays and qPCR assays. In vitro cultured fetal RPE cells were used to study the pathogenicity induced by IPW overexpression and to analyze its upstream and downstream regulatory networks. Results We showed that IPW is upregulated in the macular RPE-choroid tissue of dry AMD patients and in fetal RPE cells under oxidative stress, inflammation and dedifferentiation. IPW overexpression in fetal RPE cells induced aberrant apical-basal polarization as shown by dysregulated polarized markers, disrupted tight and adherens junctions, and inhibited phagocytosis. IPW upregulation was also associated with RPE oxidative damages, as demonstrated by intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species, reduced cell proliferation, and accelerated cell apoptosis. Mechanically, N6-methyladenosine level of the IPW transcript regulated its stability with YTHDC1 as the reader. IPW mediated RPE features by suppressing MEG3 expression to sequester its inhibition on the AKT serine-threonine kinase (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. We also noticed that the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin suppresses the AKT/mTOR pathway to alleviate the IPW-induced RPE anomalies. Conclusions We revealed that IPW overexpression in RPE induces aberrant apical-basal polarization and oxidative damages, thus contributing to AMD progression. We also annotated the upstream and downstream regulatory networks of IPW in RPE. Our findings shed new light on the molecular mechanisms of RPE dysfunctions, and indicate that IPW blockers may be a promising option to treat RPE abnormalities in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye-Ran Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Qin Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Chen Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ru-Xu Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Jing Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bei Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiang-Dong Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing-Huai Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Qi J, Meng C, Mo J, Shou T, Ding L, Zhi T. CircAFF2 Promotes Neuronal Cell Injury in Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Regulating the miR-488/CLSTN3 Axis. Neuroscience 2023; 535:75-87. [PMID: 37884088 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a subtype of devastating stroke, carries high morbidity and mortality worldwide. CircRNA AFF2 (circAFF2) was significantly increased in ICH patients, but the underlying mechanism of circAFF2 is unknown. METHODS Hemin was employed to treat neuronal cells to mimic ICH in vitro. Mice were injected with collagenase VII-S to establish in vivo ICH models. Genes and protein expressions were detected using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The interaction among circAFF2, miR-488, and CLSTN3 was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA-RIP. Cell viability, MDA, iron, GSH, and lipid ROS were examined using the MTT, the commercial kits, and flow cytometry, respectively. ICH injury in mice was evaluated using neurological deficit scores and brain water measurements. RESULTS CircAFF2 was significantly increased in ICH in vivo and in vitro models. CircAFF2 bound to miR-488 and knockdown of circAFF2 or overexpression of miR-488 inhibited hemin-induced injury of neuronal cells as indicated by increased cell viability and reduced markers of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. CLSTN3 was the downstream target of miR-488. Silencing of circAFF2 or miR-488 overexpression reduced CLSTN3 expression and protected against the injury of neuronal cells. In vivo experiments finally confirmed that circAFF2 knockdown attenuated mice ICH injury via the miR-488/CLSTN3 axis. CONCLUSION CircAFF2 promotes the injury of neuronal cells and exacerbates ICH via increasing CLSTN3 by sponging miR-488, suggesting that circAFF2 may be a potential therapeutic target for ICH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juxing Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Nanjing 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chengjie Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Nanjing 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianbing Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Lezhi County, Ziyang 641500, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Taotao Shou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Nanjing 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Nanjing 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tongle Zhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Nanjing 224000, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhang R, Wang L, Li Y, Gui C, Pei Y, Zhou G. Roles and mechanisms of long non-coding RNAs in age-related macular degeneration. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22307. [PMID: 38027818 PMCID: PMC10679503 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial progressive fundus disorder that can cause vision impairment and severe central blindness in older adults. Currently, there are no approved prevention or treatment strategies for non-exudative AMD. While targeting VEGF is the main therapeutic approach to delay the degeneration process in exudative AMD, a significant number of patients show insensitivity or ineffectiveness to anti-VEGF therapy. Despite years of research, the exact mechanism underlying drusen formation and macular atrophy in AMD remains unknown. In the pathogenesis of AMD, lncRNAs play crucial roles, as discussed in this paper. This review focuses on the function of dysregulated lncRNAs and the mechanisms by which specific molecules target these lncRNAs in AMD. The analysis reveals that lncRNAs primarily regulate the progression of AMD by mediating apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), dedifferentiation, and oxidative stress in choroidal vascular endothelial cells, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, and photoreceptors. Consequently, the regulation of apoptosis, dedifferentiation, EMT, and other processes by lncRNAs has emerged as a crucial focus in AMD research.These findings contribute to our understanding of the role of lncRNAs in AMD and their potential as valuable biomarkers. Furthermore, they highlight the need for further basic and clinical studies to explore the value of lncRNAs as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanxi Eye Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030002, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanxi Eye Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030002, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China
| | - Chenwei Gui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanxi Eye Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030002, China
| | - Yajing Pei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanxi Eye Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030002, China
| | - Guohong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanxi Eye Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030002, China
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Sharma A, Singh NK. Long Non-Coding RNAs and Proliferative Retinal Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051454. [PMID: 37242701 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy refers to disorders that affect the retina of the eye, which are frequently caused by damage to the retina's vascular system. This causes leakage, proliferation, or overgrowth of blood vessels through the retina, which can lead to retinal detachment or breakdown, resulting in vision loss and, in rare cases, blindness. In recent years, high-throughput sequencing has significantly hastened the discovery of new long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their biological functions. LncRNAs are rapidly becoming recognized as critical regulators of several key biological processes. Current breakthroughs in bioinformatics have resulted in the identification of several lncRNAs that may have a role in retinal disorders. Nevertheless, mechanistic investigations have yet to reveal the relevance of these lncRNAs in retinal disorders. Using lncRNA transcripts for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes may aid in the development of appropriate treatment regimens and long-term benefits for patients, as traditional medicines and antibody therapy only provide temporary benefits that must be repeated. In contrast, gene-based therapies can provide tailored, long-term treatment solutions. Here, we will discuss how different lncRNAs affect different retinopathies, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), which can cause visual impairment and blindness, and how these retinopathies can be identified and treated using lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Sharma
- Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Nikhlesh K Singh
- Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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7
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Sun R, Zhu H, Wang Y, Wang J, Jiang C, Cao Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yuan S, Liu Q. Circular RNA expression and the competitive endogenous RNA network in pathological, age-related macular degeneration events: A cross-platform normalization study. J Biomed Res 2023; 37:367-381. [PMID: 37366063 PMCID: PMC10541779 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes irreversible blindness in people aged over 50 worldwide. The dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium is the primary cause of atrophic AMD. In the current study, we used the ComBat and Training Distribution Matching method to integrate data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We analyzed the integrated sequencing data by the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Peroxisome and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) signaling and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were among the top 10 pathways, and thus we selected them to construct AMD cell models to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs). We then constructed a competing endogenous RNA network, which is related to differentially expressed circRNAs. This network included seven circRNAs, 15 microRNAs, and 82 mRNAs. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of mRNAs in this network showed that the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway was a common downstream event. The results of the current study may provide insights into the pathological processes of atrophic AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxu Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Hongjing Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Qiuchen Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yeran Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Songtao Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Qinghuai Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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Zhu JF, Liu Y, Li WT, Li MH, Zhen CH, Sun PW, Chen JX, Wu WH, Zeng W. Ibrutinib facilitates the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to ferroptosis through BTK/NRF2 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:151. [PMID: 36823108 PMCID: PMC9950074 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Ibrutinib is a drug that inhibits the protein Burton's tyrosine kinase and thereby the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, which played a key role in mediating the activation of antioxidants during stress conditions and ferroptosis resistance. This study aimed to identify the effect of Ibrutinib and ferroptosis inducer on colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment and its underlying mechanism. In our study, we found the upregulation of Nrf2 was correlated with CRC progression and antioxidant proteins. Ibrutinib sensitized CRC to ferroptosis inducers, suggested by further reduced CRC cell viability, proliferation and decreased antioxidant protein levels in CRC cells after combination treatment of Ibrutinib and RSL3 or Ibrutinib and Erastin both in vivo and in vitro. Knockout of Nrf2 diminished the regulatory effect of Ibrutinib on CRC sensitivity to ferroptosis inducers. Altogether, this study demonstrated that Ibrutinib increases the sensitivity of CRC cell to ferroptosis inducers by inhibiting Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Foshan, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hui Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Hui Zhen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Wei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Xin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), 1 Jiazi Road, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong Province, P.R. China.
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Rafiq M, Dandare A, Javed A, Liaquat A, Raja AA, Awan HM, Khan MJ, Naeem A. Competing Endogenous RNA Regulatory Networks of hsa_circ_0126672 in Pathophysiology of Coronary Heart Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:550. [PMID: 36980823 PMCID: PMC10047999 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a global health concern, and its molecular origin is not fully elucidated. Dysregulation of ncRNAs has been linked to many metabolic and infectious diseases. This study aimed to explore the role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of CHD and predicted a candidate circRNA that could be targeted for therapeutic approaches to the disease. circRNAs associated with CHD were identified and CHD gene expression profiles were obtained, and analyzed with GEO2R. In addition, differentially expressed miRNA target genes (miR-DEGs) were identified and subjected to functional enrichment analysis. Networks of circRNA/miRNA/mRNA and the miRNA/affected pathways were constructed. Furthermore, a miRNA/mRNA homology study was performed. We identified that hsa_circ_0126672 was strongly associated with the CHD pathology by competing for endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanisms. hsa_circ_0126672 characteristically sponges miR-145-5p, miR-186-5p, miR-548c-3p, miR-7-5p, miR-495-3p, miR-203a-3p, and miR-21. Up-regulation of has_circ_0126672 affected various CHD-related cellular functions, such as atherosclerosis, JAK/STAT, and Apelin signaling pathways. Our results also revealed a perfect and stable interaction for the hybrid of miR-145-5p with NOS1 and RPS6KB1. Finally, miR-145-5p had the highest degree of interaction with the validated small molecules. Henchashsa_circ_0126672 and target miRNAs, notably miR-145-5p, could be good candidates for the diagnosis and therapeutic approaches to CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rafiq
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Abdullahi Dandare
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Sokoto P.M.B 2346, Nigeria
| | - Arham Javed
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Afrose Liaquat
- Department of Biochemistry, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Afraz Ahmad Raja
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Hassaan Mehboob Awan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jawad Khan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Naeem
- Health Research Governance Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, Qatar
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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10
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Liu A, Chen Y, Zhong D, Wang C, Yu M, Liu C, Yang Z, Chen W, Yin K. CircRNA AFF4 induced by KDM1A promotes osteogenic differentiation through FNDC5/Irisin pathway. Mol Med 2022; 28:134. [PMID: 36401176 PMCID: PMC9673395 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00557-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNA (circ) AFF4 was documented to regulate osteogenesis but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. The preliminary study showed that circ_AFF4 may promote osteogenesis via FNDC5/Irisin. Furthermore, the online prediction tool indicated the interaction of circ_AFF4, insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3), FNDC5 and lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1 A (KDM1A). Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the relationships of KDM1A, circ_AFF4, IGF2BP3 and FNDC5/Irisin during osteogenesis. Methods The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities and osteogenic-related factors were determined using ALP and alizarin red S (ARS) staining, real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) and western blot. Immunoprecipitation (RIP), pull-down assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to examine the interactions among circ_AFF4/IGF2BP3/FNDC5. A mouse in vivo model was utilized to further confirm the regulatory effect on bone formation. Results Circ_AFF4 and KDM1A expression levels were increased during osteoinduction of BM-MSCs. Knockdown of circ_AFF4 and KDM1A significantly suppressed BM-MSC osteogenesis. We also proved that KDM1A directly bound to circ_AFF4 and FNDC5 promoter and induced circ_AFF4 and FNDC5 expression. Furthermore, circ_AFF4 enhanced the stability of FNDC5 by generating a circ_AFF4, IGF2BP3 and FNDC5 RNA-protein complex, and thereby induced Irisin and osteogenesis. The in vitro data was confirmed with in vivo model. Conclusion These findings elucidate that KDM1A induces circ_AFF4, which promotes promote osteogenesis via IGF2BP3. This study indicates that circ_AFF4 may potentially represent a critical therapeutic target for the diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00557-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansong Liu
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001 China
| | - Yong Chen
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Spine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001 China
| | - Da Zhong
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, 410008 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Chenggong Wang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, 410008 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Mi Yu
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chao Liu
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001 China
| | - Zhijun Yang
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001 China
| | - Wenkang Chen
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001 China
| | - Ke Yin
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001 China
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11
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Shu B, Zhang RZ, Zhou YX, He C, Yang X. METTL3-mediated macrophage exosomal NEAT1 contributes to hepatic fibrosis progression through Sp1/TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:266. [PMID: 35585044 PMCID: PMC9117676 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01036-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is caused by chronic hepatic injury and is characterized by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. Studies focusing on the function of exosomes derived from macrophages in HF progression are limited. This study aims to identify the roles of exosomal NEAT1 derived from macrophages on HF and the underlying mechanisms. Our studies showed that METTL3 targeted and enhanced NEAT1 expression in macrophages. Exosomal NEAT1 originating from LPS-treated macrophages promoted HSCs proliferation and migration, and induced the expression of fibrotic proteins including collagen I, α-SMA, and fibronectin. Macrophage exosomal NEAT1 contributed to HSCs activation by sponging miR-342. MiR-342 directly targeted Sp1 and suppressed its downstream TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, which eventually led to the inhibition of HSCs activation. Depletion of NEAT1 in the macrophage exosomes inhibited HF progression both in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, our study proved that silence of NEAT1 in the macrophage exosomes exerted protective roles against HF through the miR-342/Sp1/TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, suggesting a potential therapeutic target in HF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Rui-Zhi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Ying-Xia Zhou
- Department of Surgical Operation, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Chao He
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, PR China.
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12
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Caputo V, Strafella C, Termine A, Fabrizio C, Ruffo P, Cusumano A, Giardina E, Ricci F, Cascella R. Epigenomic signatures in age-related macular degeneration: Focus on their role as disease modifiers and therapeutic targets. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 31:2856-2867. [PMID: 34798695 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211028054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics is characterized by molecular modifications able to shape gene expression profiles in response to inner and external stimuli. Therefore, epigenetic elements are able to provide intriguing and useful information for the comprehension and management of different human conditions, including aging process, and diseases. On this subject, Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) represents one of the most frequent age-related disorders, dramatically affecting the quality of life of older adults worldwide. The etiopathogenesis is characterized by an interplay among multiple genetic and non-genetic factors, which have been extensively studied. Nevertheless, a deeper dissection of molecular machinery associated with risk, onset, progression and effectiveness of therapies is still missing. In this regard, epigenetic signals may be further explored to disentangle disease etiopathogenesis, the possible therapeutic avenues and the differential response to AMD treatment. This review will discuss the epigenomic signatures mostly investigated in AMD, which could be applied to improve the knowledge of disease mechanisms and to set-up novel or modified treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Caputo
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Strafella
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Termine
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Fabrizio
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Ruffo
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Cusumano
- UOSD of Ophthalmology PTV Foundation "Policlinico Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,UILDM Lazio ONLUS Foundation, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Ricci
- UNIT Retinal Diseases PTV Foundation "Policlinico Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Cascella
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Tirana, Albania
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13
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Du SW, Palczewski K. MicroRNA regulation of critical retinal pigment epithelial functions. Trends Neurosci 2021; 45:78-90. [PMID: 34753606 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short, evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNAs that are critical for the control of normal cellular physiology. In the retina, photoreceptors are highly specialized neurons that transduce light into electrical signals. Photoreceptors, however, are unable to process visual stimuli without the support of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The RPE performs numerous functions to aid the retina, including the generation of visual chromophore and metabolic support. Recent work has underscored how microRNAs enable vision through their contributions to RPE functions. This review focuses on the biogenesis and control of microRNAs in rodents and humans, the roles microRNAs play in RPE function and degeneration, and how microRNAs could serve as potential therapeutics and biomarkers for visual diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel W Du
- Center for Translational Vision Research, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Center for Translational Vision Research, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA.
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14
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Yang L, Xu X, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Chen H, Wang X. miR-511-3p promotes hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome by activating hedgehog pathway via targeting Ptch1. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G344-G354. [PMID: 34287088 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00081.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
As a major complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the incidence of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) is as high as 70%. Previous evidence has demonstrated that miR-511-3p was involved in HSOS, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to examine the mechanism underlying miR-511-3p regulating HSOS. Monocrotaline (MCT) was used to create an HSOS rat model and to treat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) and Masson staining were used to detect pathological changes in liver tissue. The expression of miR-511-3p and Hedgehog pathway-related proteins was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. The effect of miR-511-3p in regulating HSOS was investigated by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo-2)-3,5-diphenytetrazoliumromide (MTT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay, and flow cytometry. Finally, the interaction between miR-511-3p and patched1 (Ptch1) was determined by luciferase reporter assay. The rats showed a typical HSOS phenotype, including LSEC damage, liver injury, and fibrosis after MCT administration. miR-511-3p was upregulated in hepatic tissue of rat HSOS model and MCT-induced LSECs. miR-511-3p directly targeted Ptch1 and suppressed Ptch1 expression to activate the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Depletion of miR-511-3p showed a protective effect against MCT-induced HSOS, as evidenced by decreased HSOS pathogenesis factors, matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin 1 β (IL-1β), and decreased LSEC apoptosis rates. Nevertheless, knockdown of Ptch1 reversed the protective effect of miR-511-3p depletion against MCT-induced LSEC injury and apoptosis. miR-511-3p aggravates HSOS by activating the Hedgehog signaling pathway through targeting Ptch1, and miR-511-3p may develop as the potential therapy for the treatment of HSOS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY miR-511-3p is upregulated in HSOS in vivo and in vitro models. miR-511-3p activates the Hedgehog pathway by directly targeting Ptch1. Knockdown of miR-511-3p shows a protective effect against LSEC injury and apoptosis via Hedgehog signaling pathway. Inhibition of Ptch1 reserves the effect of miR-511-3p knockdown on LSEC damage and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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15
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Blasiak J, Hyttinen JMT, Szczepanska J, Pawlowska E, Kaarniranta K. Potential of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9178. [PMID: 34502084 PMCID: PMC8431062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment in the aging population with poorly known pathogenesis and lack of effective treatment. Age and family history are the strongest AMD risk factors, and several loci were identified to contribute to AMD. Recently, also the epigenetic profile was associated with AMD, and some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were shown to involve in AMD pathogenesis. The Vax2os1/2 (ventral anterior homeobox 2 opposite strand isoform 1) lncRNAs may modulate the balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors in the eye contributing to wet AMD. The stress-induced dedifferentiation of retinal pigment epithelium cells can be inhibited by the ZNF503-AS1 (zinc finger protein 503 antisense RNA 2) and LINC00167 lncRNAs. Overexpression of the PWRN2 (Prader-Willi region non-protein-coding RNA 2) lncRNA aggravated RPE cells apoptosis and mitochondrial impairment induced by oxidative stress. Several other lncRNAs were reported to exert protective or detrimental effects in AMD. However, many studies are limited to an association between lncRNA and AMD in patients or model systems with bioinformatics. Therefore, further works on lncRNAs in AMD are rational, and they should be enriched with mechanistic and clinical studies to validate conclusions obtained in high-throughput in vitro research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Juha M. T. Hyttinen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Joanna Szczepanska
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Elzbieta Pawlowska
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-217 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
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16
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Sun HJ, Zhang FF, Xiao Q, Xu J, Zhu LJ. lncRNA MEG3, Acting as a ceRNA, Modulates RPE Differentiation Through the miR-7-5p/Pax6 Axis. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1617-1630. [PMID: 34018078 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Accumulated evidence indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involves in numerous biological and pathological processes, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Dysfunction and dedifferentiation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells have been demonstrated to be one of the crucial factor in AMD etiology. Herein, we aim to investigate the essential role of lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in AMD progression. Expression patterns of MEG3 were measured in dysfunctional REP cells exposed with H2O2 or TNF-α using qRT-PCR assay. Specifically, the intercellular distribution of MEG3 in REP cells was further explored using the subcellular fraction detection. Relative expression of RPE markers or RPE dedifferentiation-related markers was determined using qRT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to examine the expressions of RPE markers ZO-1 and β-catenin. Concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) in the supernatant was detected using ELISA kit. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the MEG3/miR-7-5p/Pax6 regulatory network, which was further determined in in vitro studies. MEG3 expression was significantly decreased in H2O2 or TNF-α-treated REP cells, and it was upregulated along with RPE differentiation. Reduced MEG3 expression resulted in RPE dedifferentiation, which was indicated by decreased expressions of RPE markers, accumulated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and reduced VEGFA. Mechanistically, MEG3 functioned as a sponge for miR-7-5p to restore the expression of Pax6. Our study demonstrated that MEG3 exerts a protective role against AMD by maintaining RPE differentiation via miR-7-5p/Pax6 axis, suggesting a protective therapeutic target in AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jing Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Fang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Jin Zhu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Song J, Kim YK. Targeting non-coding RNAs for the treatment of retinal diseases. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:284-293. [PMID: 33815941 PMCID: PMC7985465 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining visual function is key to establishing improved longevity. However, the numbers of patients with diseases of the retina, the most important tissue for vision and the key to age-related blindness, are not declining due to the increase in the number of aging subjects worldwide and the technological advances in the delivery of premature infants. The primary treatment option for retinal diseases is still surgical intervention and includes laser or photocoagulation, which are associated with various complications and side effects. Many aspects of the pathogenesis of these retinal diseases are still unknown, thereby impeding drug discovery. This has led to an increase in the number of studies focused on the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of retinal diseases. Growing evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs play critical roles in the pathogenesis of retinal diseases. Herein, we have summarized the known functional roles of non-coding RNAs, emphasizing their contribution to the underlying pathogenesis of retinal diseases. In addition, we discuss the modulation of non-coding RNAs as potential therapeutics and the methods to control the non-coding RNAs for the treatment. We expect that targeting non-coding RNAs could be crucial for developing novel therapeutics for progressive diseases including diseases of the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author: Young-Kook Kim, PhD, Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Intartaglia D, Giamundo G, Conte I. The Impact of miRNAs in Health and Disease of Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:589985. [PMID: 33520981 PMCID: PMC7844312 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.589985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs, are essential key players in the control of biological processes in both physiological and pathological conditions. miRNAs play important roles in fine tuning the expression of many genes, which often have roles in common molecular networks. miRNA dysregulation thus renders cells vulnerable to aberrant fluctuations in genes, resulting in degenerative diseases. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of polarized pigmented epithelial cells that resides between the light-sensitive photoreceptors (PR) and the choriocapillaris. The demanding physiological functions of RPE cells require precise gene regulation for the maintenance of retinal homeostasis under stress conditions and the preservation of vision. Thus far, our understanding of how miRNAs function in the homeostasis and maintenance of the RPE has been poorly addressed, and advancing our knowledge is central to harnessing their potential as therapeutic agents to counteract visual impairment. This review focuses on the emerging roles of miRNAs in the function and health of the RPE and on the future exploration of miRNA-based therapeutic approaches to counteract blinding diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ivan Conte
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, Polytechnic and Basic Sciences School, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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19
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Jiang L, Zhou Y, Shen J, Chen Y, Ma Z, Yu Y, Chu M, Qian Q, Zhuang X, Xia S. RNA Sequencing Reveals LINC00167 as a Potential Diagnosis Biomarker for Primary Osteoarthritis: A Multi-Stage Study. Front Genet 2021; 11:539489. [PMID: 33519887 PMCID: PMC7841430 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.539489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Given the roles played by lncRNA in human diseases and the high incidence of OA, this study investigated the pivotal pathways involved in the disease and identified potential biomarkers for OA diagnosis. Methods We first performed an exploration of RNA-sequencing in peripheral blood leukocytes from six subjects (3 OA and 3 healthy controls). Promising candidate lncRNAs were evaluated in first stage validation using a GEO dataset (GSE114007) of 38 subjects (20 OA and 18 healthy controls), followed by a second stage validation using quantitative PCR analysis with 101 subjects (67 OA and 34 controls). The third stage investigated the potential value of validated lncRNA in the early diagnosis of OA in peripheral blood leukocytes from a total of 120 participants (60 cases and 60 controls). Results The dataset identified a total of 1,380 up-regulated and 719 down-regulated mRNAs and 5,743 up-regulated and 7,384 down-regulated lncRNAs. The up-regulated DEGs were mainly enriched in the extracellular matrix, while the down-regulated DEGs were mainly enriched in the IL-17 and wnt signaling pathways. 18 overlapping candidate lncRNAs survived after first-stage validation. 3 hub lncRNAs were selected for the second validation stage and qualified in an external sample, and lncRNA LINC00167 was further confirmed with a similar result (down-expressed in both stages). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that LINC00167 can distinguish OA cases from healthy controls with a high area under the curve of 0.879 (95%CI: 0.819, 0.938; P < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 80.7% and specificity of 83.5%. Conclusion The expression profile of OA was identified and critical pathways were elucidated by an integrated approach to RNA-seq from easily accessible blood. LINC00167 may serve as a potential early diagnosis marker for OA in clinical practice. The detailed mechanism of action of this lncRNA requires further elucidation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqin Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Huangpu, China
| | - Junjie Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Huangpu, China
| | - Ziyuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medical, Strategically Strategic Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuhui Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Minjie Chu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qirong Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shengli Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
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