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Li Z, Lu X, Zhang Z, Yan S, Yang Y. Rapid Fingerprinting of Urinary Volatile Metabolites and Point-of-Care Diagnosis of Phenylketonuria on a Patterned Nanorod Sensor Array with Multiplexed Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Readouts. Anal Chem 2024; 96:14541-14549. [PMID: 39206680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is one of the most common genetic metabolic diseases, especially among newborns. Traditional clinical examination of newborn blood samples for PKU is invasive, laborious, and limited to hospitals and healthcare facilities. We reported herein a SERS-based sensor array with three thiophenolic nanoreceptors built on a patterned nanorod vertical array for rapid and inexpensive detection of characteristic volatile biomarkers indicative of PKU in the urine and accurate classification of newborn baby patients all performed on a hand-held SERS spectrophotometer. The well-ordered array was generated from the volatility-driven assembly of gold nanorods (AuNRs) into an upright and closely packed hexagonal configuration. The uniformly distributed nanowells between AuNRs offered an intense and aspect-ratio-dependent plasmonic field for the molecular enhancement of SERS outputs. The SERS-based detector was integrated into a test chip for regular monitoring of volatile phenylketone bodies in the spiked solution or patients' urine within 5 min, allowing the quantification of a wide variety of normal or abnormal metabolites at their physiologically relevant concentration range. The detection limits for common biomarkers of PKU, including phenylpyruvic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and phenylacetic acid, were at a few μM and well below the diagnostic thresholds. Moreover, the volatile headspace mixtures from a given urine sample could be fingerprinted by the sensor array and discriminated using machine-learning algorithms. Ultimately, the discrimination of baby patients among 26 cases of mild and classic PKU phenotypes and 17 cases of healthy volunteers could be realized with an overall accuracy of 97%. This hand-held SERS platform plays a pivotal role in advancing healthcare applications in quick screening of neonatal PKU through a facile urinary vapor test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Shandong Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, P.R. China
| | - Shuoyang Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Yunli Yang
- Clinical Study and Evidence Based Medicine Institute, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
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Ajami N, Soleimani A, Jafarzadeh‐Esfehani R, Hasanpour M, Rashid Shomali R, Abbaszadegan MR. Mutational landscape of phenylketonuria in Iran. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2457-2466. [PMID: 37525467 PMCID: PMC10468661 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To date more than 1000 different variants in the PAH gene have been identified in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). In Iran, several studies have been performed to investigate the genetics bases of the PKU in different parts of the country. In this study, we have analysed and present an update of the mutational landscape of the PAH gene as well as the population genetics and frequencies of detected variants for each cohort. Published articles on PKU mutations in Iran were identified through a comprehensive PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science (ISI), SCOPUS, Elsevier, Wiley Online Library and SID literature search using the terms: "phenylketonuria", "hyperphenylalaninemia", and "PKU" in combination with "Iran", "Iranian population", "mutation analysis", and "Molecular genetics". Among the literature-related to genetics of PKU, 18 studies were on the PKU mutations. According to these studies, in different populations of Iran 1497 patients were included for mutation detection that resulted in detection of 129 different mutations. Results of genetic analysis of the different cohorts of Iranian PKU patients show that the most prevalent mutation in Iran is the pathogenic splice variant c.1066-11G > A, occurring in 19.54% of alleles in the cohort. Four other common mutations were p.Arg261Gln, p.Pro281Leu, c.168 + 5G > C and p.Arg243Ter (8.18%, 6.45%, 5.88% and 3.7%, respectively). One notable feature of the studied populations is its high rate of consanguineous marriages. Considering this feature, determining the prevalent PKU mutations could be advantageous for designing screening and diagnostic panels in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Ajami
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Anvar Soleimani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health SciencesCihan University‐ SulaimaniyaSulaimaniyaIraq
| | - Reza Jafarzadeh‐Esfehani
- Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for EducationCulture and Research (ACECR)‐ Khorasan RazaviMashhadIran
| | - Mojtaba Hasanpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GuilanRashtIran
| | - Romina Rashid Shomali
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alzahra HospitalGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Immunology Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Ruoppolo M, Malvagia S, Boenzi S, Carducci C, Dionisi-Vici C, Teofoli F, Burlina A, Angeloni A, Aronica T, Bordugo A, Bucci I, Camilot M, Carbone MT, Cardinali R, Carducci C, Cassanello M, Castana C, Cazzorla C, Ciatti R, Ferrari S, Frisso G, Funghini S, Furlan F, Gasperini S, Gragnaniello V, Guzzetti C, La Marca G, La Spina L, Lorè T, Meli C, Messina M, Morrone A, Nardecchia F, Ortolano R, Parenti G, Pavanello E, Pieragostino D, Pillai S, Porta F, Righetti F, Rossi C, Rovelli V, Salina A, Santoro L, Sauro P, Schiaffino MC, Simonetti S, Vincenzi M, Tarsi E, Uccheddu AP. Expanded Newborn Screening in Italy Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Two Years of National Experience. Int J Neonatal Screen 2022; 8:ijns8030047. [PMID: 35997437 PMCID: PMC9397032 DOI: 10.3390/ijns8030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Newborn screening (NBS) for inborn errors of metabolism is one of the most advanced tools for secondary prevention in medicine, as it allows early diagnosis and prompt treatment initiation. The expanded newborn screening was introduced in Italy between 2016 and 2017 (Law 167/2016; DM 13 October 2016; DPCM 12-1-2017). A total of 1,586,578 infants born in Italy were screened between January 2017 and December 2020. For this survey, we collected data from 15 Italian screening laboratories, focusing on the metabolic disorders identified by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) based analysis between January 2019 and December 2020. Aminoacidemias were the most common inborn errors in Italy, and an equal percentage was observed in detecting organic acidemias and mitochondrial fatty acids beta-oxidation defects. Second-tier tests are widely used in most laboratories to reduce false positives. For example, second-tier tests for methylmalonic acid and homocysteine considerably improved the screening of CblC without increasing unnecessary recalls. Finally, the newborn screening allowed us to identify conditions that are mainly secondary to a maternal deficiency. We describe the goals reached since the introduction of the screening in Italy by exchanging knowledge and experiences among the laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Ruoppolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Malvagia
- Newborn Screening, Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology Lab, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Boenzi
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Bambino Gesù Childrens Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Carducci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Bambino Gesù Childrens Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Teofoli
- Department of Mother and Child, The Regional Center for Neonatal Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Inherited Congenital Metabolic and Endocrinological Diseases, AOUI, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Burlina
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonio Angeloni
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Bordugo
- Inherited Metabolic Disease Unit, Pediatric Department, AOUI, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Ines Bucci
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST) and Department of Medicine and Aging Science, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Camilot
- Department of Mother and Child, The Regional Center for Neonatal Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Inherited Congenital Metabolic and Endocrinological Diseases, AOUI, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Cardinali
- U.O.S.D. Screening Neonatale e Patologia Clinica AOU Policlinico Consorziale Ospedale Pediatrico Giovanni XXII Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Carducci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Cassanello
- LABSIEM (Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism), Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Cazzorla
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Renzo Ciatti
- Centro Screening Neonatale Regione Marche, U.O.C. Neuropsichiatria Infantile—A.O. Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, 61032 Fano, Italy
| | - Simona Ferrari
- UO Genetica Medica, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Frisso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Funghini
- Newborn Screening, Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology Lab, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Furlan
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pediatria Alta Intensità di Cura, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Vincenza Gragnaniello
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Guzzetti
- SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico “A. Cao”, 09121 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giancarlo La Marca
- Newborn Screening, Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology Lab, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Luisa La Spina
- Laboratorio Screening Neonatale—Clinica Pediatrica AOU Policlinico “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Tania Lorè
- U.O.S.D. Screening Neonatale e Patologia Clinica AOU Policlinico Consorziale Ospedale Pediatrico Giovanni XXII Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Meli
- Laboratorio Screening Neonatale—Clinica Pediatrica AOU Policlinico “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - MariaAnna Messina
- Laboratorio Screening Neonatale—Clinica Pediatrica AOU Policlinico “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Amelia Morrone
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Neurometabolic Diseases, Neuroscience Department, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Nardecchia
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Umane—Unità di Neuropsichiatria Infantile Università Roma Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Ortolano
- UO Pediatria, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Parenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Enza Pavanello
- SS Screening Prenatale e Neonatale, SC Biochimica Clinica, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Damiana Pieragostino
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST) and Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Sara Pillai
- SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico “A. Cao”, 09121 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Porta
- SC Pediatria-Malattie Metaboliche, Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Righetti
- Centro Laboratoristico Regionale di Riferimento Screening Neonatale e Malattie Endocrino-Metaboliche UO Pediatria IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Rossi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST) and Department of Psychological, Health and Territory Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Valentina Rovelli
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Salina
- LABSIEM (Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism), Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Pina Sauro
- SS Screening Prenatale e Neonatale, SC Biochimica Clinica, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Simonetta Simonetti
- U.O.S.D. Screening Neonatale e Patologia Clinica AOU Policlinico Consorziale Ospedale Pediatrico Giovanni XXII Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Vincenzi
- Department of Mother and Child, The Regional Center for Neonatal Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Inherited Congenital Metabolic and Endocrinological Diseases, AOUI, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tarsi
- Centro Screening Neonatale Regione Marche, U.O.C. Neuropsichiatria Infantile—A.O. Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, 61032 Fano, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Uccheddu
- SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico “A. Cao”, 09121 Cagliari, Italy
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Skolnick SD, Greig NH. Microbes and Monoamines: Potential Neuropsychiatric Consequences of Dysbiosis. Trends Neurosci 2019; 42:151-163. [PMID: 30795845 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
From an evolutionary perspective, the genes of enteric microbes transmitted reliably across generations are nearly as much a part of the human organism as our own genes. Disruption of the microbiome leading to extinction of key 'heirloom' taxa can deprive individuals of metabolic pathways that have been present in their ancestors for millennia. Some of these pathways support essential synthesis and toxin clearance processes, including the generation of blood-brain barrier-crossing metabolic products crucial for normal brain function. Here, we discuss three such pathways: endogenous benzodiazepine synthesis, production of queuine/queuosine, and excretion of dietary mercury. Among them, these pathways have the potential to impact systems relevant to a wide range of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions including autism, depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Skolnick
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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