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Ebrahimi S, Khaleghi Ghadiri M, Stummer W, Gorji A. Enhancing 5-ALA-PDT efficacy against resistant tumor cells: Strategies and advances. Life Sci 2024; 351:122808. [PMID: 38852796 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
As a precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), an endogenous pro-apoptotic and fluorescent molecule, 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has gained substantial attention for its potential in fluorescence-guided surgery as well as photodynamic therapy (PDT). Moreover, 5-ALA-PDT has been suggested as a promising chemo-radio sensitization therapy for various cancers. However, insufficient 5-ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence and the induction of multiple resistance mechanisms may hinder the 5-ALA-PDT clinical outcome. Reduced efficacy and resistance to 5-ALA-PDT can result from genomic alterations, tumor heterogeneity, hypoxia, activation of pathways related to cell surveillance, production of nitric oxide, and most importantly, deregulated 5-ALA transporter proteins and heme biosynthesis enzymes. Understanding the resistance regulatory mechanisms of 5-ALA-PDT may allow the development of effective personalized cancer therapy. Here, we described the mechanisms underlying resistance to 5-ALA-PTD across various tumor types and explored potential strategies to overcome this resistance. Furthermore, we discussed future approaches that may enhance the efficacy of treatments using 5-ALA-PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safieh Ebrahimi
- Epilepsy Research Center, Münster University, 48149 Münster, Germany; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran 1996835911, Iran
| | | | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Münster University, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ali Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, Münster University, 48149 Münster, Germany; Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran 1996835911, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 9177948564 Mashhad, Iran.
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Lai HW, Yamamoto S, Fukuhara H, Ogura SI, Inoue K. Cell senescence-associated porphyrin metabolism affects the efficacy of aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic diagnosis in bladder cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103581. [PMID: 37116819 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic diagnosis (ALA-PDD) is a promising alternative method to detect cancer cells because of its high specificity and low rate of side effects. Exogenous ALA is administered and accumulates as protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in cancer cells, which then emit red fluorescence following light irradiation to enable surgeons to accurately identify and remove cancerous tissue. Recent reports suggested that PpIX failed to accumulate in some patients who underwent ALA-PDD. We hypothesized that cell senescence, which is a relatively inactive state, affects porphyrin accumulation in bladder cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between cell senescence and porphyrin accumulation in affecting the efficacy of ALA-PDD. First, we utilized three bladder cancer cell lines to evaluate senescence-related indicators and establish a cell senescence model. Then, we identified the differences in porphyrin production and the proteins involved in porphyrin accumulation between old and young cells. We found that compared with young cells, old cells possessed higher concentration of PpIX and had lower ABCG2 expression. The increase in PpIX levels following ABCG2 inhibition is three times higher in old cells than in young cells, suggesting that cell senescence was closely related with porphyrin accumulation in cancer. In conclusion, we found that the efficacy of ALA-PDD and porphyrin accumulation was relatively high in senescent cancer cells and that inhibition of ABCG2 could improve the efficacy of ALA-PDD in young bladder cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Wei Lai
- Center for Photodynamic Medicine, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.
| | - Shinkuro Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Hideo Fukuhara
- Center for Photodynamic Medicine, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan; Department of Urology, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichiro Ogura
- Center for Photodynamic Medicine, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan; School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 B47, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Keiji Inoue
- Center for Photodynamic Medicine, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan; Department of Urology, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
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Lipid metabolism in tumor microenvironment: novel therapeutic targets. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:224. [PMID: 35790992 PMCID: PMC9254539 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive lipid molecules have been proposed to play important roles linking obesity/metabolic syndrome and cancers. Studies reveal that aberrant lipid metabolic signaling can reprogram cancer cells and non-cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence, and poor therapeutic response. Existing evidence indicates that controlling lipid metabolism can be a potential strategy for cancer prevention and therapy. By reviewing the current literature on the lipid metabolism in various cancers, we summarized major lipid molecules including fatty acids and cholesterol as well as lipid droplets and discussed their critical roles in cancer cells and non-cancer in terms of either promoting- or anti-tumorigenesis. This review provides an overview of the lipid molecules in cellular entities and their tumor microenvironment, adding to the existing knowledge with lipid metabolic reprogramming in immune cells and cancer associated cells. Comprehensive understanding of the regulatory role of lipid metabolism in cellular entities and their tumor microenvironment will provide a new direction for further studies, in a shift away from conventional cancer research. Exploring the lipid-related signaling targets that drive or block cancer development may lead to development of novel anti-cancer strategies distinct from traditional approaches for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Assessment of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy on Bone Metastases: An in Vitro Study. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10101020. [PMID: 34681119 PMCID: PMC8533584 DOI: 10.3390/biology10101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Bone metastases are typically associated with a short-term prognosis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) emerges as a promising alternative treatment for targeting metastatic lesions. In this study we investigated the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated PDT treatment on both primary and human bone metastatic cancer cell lines. We found that human cell lines have different sensitivity to the same doses and exposure of 5-ALA PDT resulting in two different cell fates, apoptosis or senescence, depending on the extent of the cellular damage. As such, PDT has potential applicability in bone metastases of invasive ductal carcinoma. Abstract Bone is a frequent site of metastases, being typically associated with a short-term prognosis in affected patients. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) emerges as a promising alternative treatment for controlling malignant disease that can directly target interstitial metastatic lesions. The aim of this study was to assess the effect induced by PDT treatment on both primary (giant cell bone tumor) and human bone metastatic cancer cell lines (derived from a primary invasive ductal breast carcinoma and renal carcinoma). After 24 h post light delivery (blue light-wavelength 436 nm) with 5-aminolevulinic acid, the effect on cellular migration, viability, apoptosis, and senescence were assessed. Our results showed that bone metastasis derived from breast cancer reacted with an inhibition of cell migration coupled with reduced viability and signs of apoptosis such as nuclei fragmentation following PDT exposure. A limited effect in terms of cellular viability inhibition was observed for the cells of giant cell bone tumors. In contrast, bone metastasis derived from renal carcinoma followed a different fate—cells were characterized by senescent features, without a notable effect on cell migration or viability. Collectively, our study illustrates that PDT could act as a successful therapy concept for local tumor control in some entities of bone metastases.
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Park S, Kim KE, Park HJ, Cho D. The Role of Erythroid Differentiation Regulator 1 (ERDR1) in the Control of Proliferation and Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072603. [PMID: 32283647 PMCID: PMC7178175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythroid differentiation regulator 1 (ERDR1) was newly identified as a secreted protein that plays an essential role in maintaining cell growth homeostasis. ERDR1 enhances apoptosis at high cell densities, leading to the inhibition of cell survival. Exogenous ERDR1 treatment decreases cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth as a result of increased apoptosis via the regulation of apoptosis-related gene expression. Moreover, ERDR1 plays a pivotal role in skin diseases; ERDR1 expression in actinic keratosis (AK) is negatively correlated with the increase in apoptosis. Because of its high specificity and efficiency, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a common therapy for patients with various skin diseases, including cancer. Many studies indicate that apoptosis is mainly induced by PDT treatment. As an apoptosis inducer, the recovery of the ERDR1 expression after PDT is correlated with good therapeutic outcomes. Here, we review recent findings that highlight the function of ERDR1 in the control of apoptosis. Thus, ERDR1 may have a role in the apoptosis regulation of target cells in the lesions, as the recovery of its expression after PDT is correlated with good therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunyoung Park
- Kine Sciences, 525, Seolleung-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06149, Korea;
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Cosmetic Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Chungpa-Dong 2-Ka, Yongsan-ku, Seoul 04310, Korea;
| | - Hyun Jeong Park
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.P.); (D.C.); Tel.: +82-2-3779-1230 (H.J.P.); +82-2-3290-4541 (D.C.)
| | - Daeho Cho
- Kine Sciences, 525, Seolleung-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06149, Korea;
- Institute of Convergence Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-ku, Seoul 02481, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.P.); (D.C.); Tel.: +82-2-3779-1230 (H.J.P.); +82-2-3290-4541 (D.C.)
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Yu Y, Wang B, Guo C, Zhao F, Chen D. Protoporphyrin IX-loaded laminarin nanoparticles for anticancer treatment, their cellular behavior, ROS detection, and animal studies. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:316. [PMID: 31535237 PMCID: PMC6751237 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Laminarin conjugate-based nano-scaled particles were in this study proposed as a delivery system for protoporphyrin IX (Pp IX) in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Hematin-Laminarin-Dithiodipropionic Acid-MGK, named as HLDM, was an amphiphilic carrier material with dual pH/redox sensitive that could be used to load hydrophobic drug to improve their solubility and enhance biocompatibility. Therefore, we combined photosensitizer (Pp IX) with HLDM to fabricate a novel nano-micelles, herein called Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles. The Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles were 149.3 ± 35 nm sized in neutral water. Phototoxicity, in vitro PDT effect, and dual sensibility to pH and redox microenvironment of Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles were examined at different concentrations by using MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The experiments on phototoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production proved that the micelles could produce PDT to kill the cancer cells with a certain wavelength light. The apoptosis experiment indicated that the micelles could cause nuclear damage. In vivo PDT effect of the micelles was studied by constructing the tumor-bearing nude mouse model of MCF-7 cells. In vivo studies showed that the Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles could induce remarkable anti-tumor effect. A promising laminarin-based nanomedicine platform acts as a new drug delivery system to enhance the uptake, accumulation, and PDT efficacy of Pp IX in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Chunjing Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Daquan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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Fahradyan A, Howell AC, Wolfswinkel EM, Tsuha M, Sheth P, Wong AK. Updates on the Management of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC). Healthcare (Basel) 2017; 5:healthcare5040082. [PMID: 29104226 PMCID: PMC5746716 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare5040082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the most common malignancy worldwide, of which 99% are basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of skin. NMSCs are generally considered a curable diseases, yet they currently pose an increasing global healthcare problem due to rising incidence. This has led to a shift in emphasis on prevention of NMSCs with development of various skin cancer prevention programs worldwide. This article aims to summarize the most recent changes and advances made in NMSC management with a focus on prevention, screening, diagnosis, and staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Fahradyan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
| | - Anna C Howell
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Erik M Wolfswinkel
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Michaela Tsuha
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
| | - Parthiv Sheth
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 91001, USA.
| | - Alex K Wong
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Kang Z, Ding W, Gong X, Liu Q, Du G, Chen J. Recent advances in production of 5-aminolevulinic acid using biological strategies. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:200. [PMID: 29038905 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is the precursor for the biosynthesis of tetrapyrrole compounds and has broad applications in the medical and agricultural fields. Because of the disadvantages of chemical synthesis methods, microbial production of 5-ALA has drawn intensive attention and has been regarded as an alternative in the last years, especially with the rapid development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. In this mini-review, recent advances on the application and microbial production of 5-ALA using novel biological approaches (such as whole-cell enzymatic-transformation, metabolic pathway engineering and cell-free process) are described and discussed in detail. In addition, the challenges and prospects of synthetic biology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Kang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenwen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qingtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
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Zhang X, Cai L, He J, Li X, Li L, Chen X, Lan P. Influence and mechanism of 5-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy on the metastasis of esophageal carcinoma. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 20:78-85. [PMID: 28811223 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of esophageal cancer was more and more popularly used since it was approved for the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer in 1996. It has been reported to influence the tumor growth and metastasis via a variety of signaling pathways, but its mechanism remains to be further studied. This research studied the effects of ALA-PDT on esophageal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo, discovering its molecular regulating mechanism and the way to enhence the PDT effect. METHODS Eca-109 cells were incubated with a medium containing EGFR tyrphostin AG1478 or PI3K inhibitor LY294002, then with ALA, and the cells were irradiated with the laser 6h later. The cell viability was measured with MTT assay, and the migration ability was detected by transwell experiments 24h post-ALA-PDT. The gene and protein expression on EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was analyzed by realtime PCR and Western blotting respectively. Then, RFP-Eca-109 burdened nude mice model was constructed, and were treated with ALA-PDT when the tumor volume reached 150-350mm3. The gene and protein expression were analyzed 24h and 50days post-ALA-PDT. RESULTS Our study showed that ALA-PDT respectively combined with AG1478, LY294002 could synergistically reduce the growth and migration ability of the Eca-109 cells in vitro and significantly down-regulate the protein expression of EGFR/PI3K and PI3K/AKT, meanwhile, significantly down-regulate the gene expression of EGFR when combining with AG1478. Forthermore, ALA-PDT could significantly decrease the tumor growth and metastasis and down-regulate the gene expression of EGFR and the protein expression of EGFR and PI3K in the tumor of mice. CONCLUSION This study revealed a molecular mechanism of ALA-PDT and developed a new modality application of therapy, by combining ALA-PDT with small molecular inhibitors, for better effect in the clinical practice of esophageal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Zhang
- The sixth affiliated hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longmei Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingcai He
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- The sixth affiliated hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libo Li
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Department of Oncology, Panyu Central Hospital, Cancer Institute of Panyu, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ping Lan
- The sixth affiliated hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Guangzhou, China.
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