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Kleist TJ, Bortolazzo A, Keyser ZP, Perera AM, Irving TB, Venkateshwaran M, Atanjaoui F, Tang RJ, Maeda J, Cartwright HN, Christianson ML, Lemaux PG, Luan S, Ané JM. Stress-associated developmental reprogramming in moss protonemata by synthetic activation of the common symbiosis pathway. iScience 2022; 25:103754. [PMID: 35146383 PMCID: PMC8819110 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Symbioses between angiosperms and rhizobia or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are controlled through a conserved signaling pathway. Microbe-derived, chitin-based elicitors activate plant cell surface receptors and trigger nuclear calcium oscillations, which are decoded by a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CCaMK) and its target transcription factor interacting protein of DMI3 (IPD3). Genes encoding CCaMK and IPD3 have been lost in multiple non-mycorrhizal plant lineages yet retained among non-mycorrhizal mosses. Here, we demonstrated that the moss Physcomitrium is equipped with a bona fide CCaMK that can functionally complement a Medicago loss-of-function mutant. Conservation of regulatory phosphosites allowed us to generate predicted hyperactive forms of Physcomitrium CCaMK and IPD3. Overexpression of synthetically activated CCaMK or IPD3 in Physcomitrium led to abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation and ectopic development of brood cells, which are asexual propagules that facilitate escape from local abiotic stresses. We therefore propose a functional role for Physcomitrium CCaMK-IPD3 in stress-associated developmental reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Kleist
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institute for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Corresponding author
| | - Anthony Bortolazzo
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zachary P. Keyser
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Adele M. Perera
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Thomas B. Irving
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | - Fatiha Atanjaoui
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Ren-Jie Tang
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Junko Maeda
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Heather N. Cartwright
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institute for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael L. Christianson
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Peggy G. Lemaux
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jean-Michel Ané
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Corresponding author
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2
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Patel DK, Menon DV, Patel DH, Dave G. Linkers: A synergistic way for the synthesis of chimeric proteins. Protein Expr Purif 2021; 191:106012. [PMID: 34767950 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.106012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the cell, the protein domains are attached with the short oligopeptide, commonly known as linker peptide. Besides bridging, the linker assists in the domain-domain interaction and protein folding into the peculiar conformations. Linkers allow or control the movement of protein domains in the dynamic cellular environment. The recent advances in the recombinant DNA technology enable the construction of multiple gene constructs in an open reading frame. The express sequences can work in a cascade to cater for myriad functions. This trend has given momentum to incorporating bridge sequences (linker) that essentially separates the independent domains. According to the cellular need, the bridging partner can be spaced at a secure gap or requires attaching or interacting physically. The flexible or rigid linker can help to achieve such conformations in chimeric fusion proteins. The linker can improve solubility, proteolytic resistance and stability of such fusion proteins. Recently, linker aided protein switches and antibody-drug conjugates are gaining the attention of researchers worldwide. Here, we thoroughly reviewed the types of the linker, strategies for linker engineering and the composition of a linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharti Keyur Patel
- PD Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, CHARUSAT, Changa, 388421, Gujarat, India
| | - Dhanya V Menon
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, NCBS, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Darshan H Patel
- Charotar Institute of Paramedical Sciences, CHARUSAT, Changa, 388421, Gujarat, India
| | - Gayatri Dave
- PD Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, CHARUSAT, Changa, 388421, Gujarat, India.
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3
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Zhao W, Liu L, Du G, Liu S. A multifunctional tag with the ability to benefit the expression, purification, thermostability and activity of recombinant proteins. J Biotechnol 2018; 283:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ossa F, Schnell JR, Ortega-Roldan JL. A Review of the Human Sigma-1 Receptor Structure. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 964:15-29. [PMID: 28315262 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-50174-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The Sigma-1 Receptor (S1R) is a small, ligand-regulated integral membrane protein involved in cell homeostasis and the cellular stress response. The receptor has a multitude of protein and small molecule interaction partners with therapeutic potential. Newly reported structures of the human S1R in ligand-bound states provides essential insights into small molecule binding in the context of the overall protein structure. The structure also raises many interesting questions and provides an excellent starting point for understanding the molecular tricks employed by this small membrane receptor to modulate a large number of signaling events. Here, we review insights from the structures of ligand-bound S1R in the context of previous biochemical studies and propose, from a structural viewpoint, a set of important future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ossa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Jason R Schnell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.
| | - José Luis Ortega-Roldan
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Stacey Building, Room 215B, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK
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5
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Alon A, Schmidt H, Zheng S, Kruse AC. Structural Perspectives on Sigma-1 Receptor Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 964:5-13. [PMID: 28315261 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-50174-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor is an enigmatic ER-resident transmembrane protein linked to a variety of human diseases. Although the receptor was first cloned 20 years ago, the molecular structure of the protein and the mechanistic basis for its interaction with drug-like small molecules have remained unclear until recently. The determination of the first crystal structure of human sigma-1 offered the first detailed views of the sigma-1 architecture, and revealed an unusual overall fold with a single transmembrane helix in each protomer. The structure shows an overall trimeric receptor arrangement, and each protomer binds a single ligand molecule at the center of its carboxy-terminal domain. These results offer detailed molecular views of receptor structure, oligomerization, and ligand recognition, providing a framework for the next era of sigma-1 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Alon
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hayden Schmidt
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sanduo Zheng
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Andrew C Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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The promises and challenges of fusion constructs in protein biochemistry and enzymology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:8273-81. [PMID: 27541749 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7795-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fusion constructs are used to improve the properties of or impart novel functionality to proteins for biotechnological applications. The biochemical characteristics of enzymes or functional proteins optimized by fusion include catalytic efficiency, stability, activity, expression, secretion, and solubility. In this review, we summarize the parameters of enzymes or functional proteins that can be modified by fusion constructs. For each parameter, fusion strategies and molecular partners are examined using examples from recent studies. Future prospects in this field are also discussed. This review is expected to increase interest in and advance fusion strategies for optimization of enzymes and other functional proteins.
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Chu UB, Ruoho AE. Biochemical Pharmacology of the Sigma-1 Receptor. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 89:142-53. [PMID: 26560551 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is a 223 amino acid two transmembrane (TM) pass protein. It is a non-ATP-binding nonglycosylated ligand-regulated molecular chaperone of unknown three-dimensional structure. The S1R is resident to eukaryotic mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membranes with broad functions that regulate cellular calcium homeostasis and reduce oxidative stress. Several multitasking functions of the S1R are underwritten by chaperone-mediated direct (and indirect) interactions with ion channels, G-protein coupled receptors and cell-signaling molecules involved in the regulation of cell growth. The S1R is a promising drug target for the treatment of several neurodegenerative diseases related to cellular stress. In vitro and in vivo functional and molecular characteristics of the S1R and its interactions with endogenous and synthetic small molecules have been discovered by the use of pharmacologic, biochemical, biophysical, and molecular biology approaches. The S1R exists in monomer, dimer, tetramer, hexamer/octamer, and higher oligomeric forms that may be important determinants in defining the pharmacology and mechanism(s) of action of the S1R. A canonical GXXXG in putative TM2 is important for S1R oligomerization. The ligand-binding regions of S1R have been identified and include portions of TM2 and the TM proximal regions of the C terminus. Some client protein chaperone functions and interactions with the cochaperone 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (binding immunoglobulin protein) involve the C terminus. Based on its biochemical features and mechanisms of chaperone action the possibility that the S1R is a member of the small heat shock protein family is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyen B Chu
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Arnold E Ruoho
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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Grimaldi J, Collins CH, Belfort G. Towards cell-free isobutanol production: Development of a novel immobilized enzyme system. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 32:66-73. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Grimaldi
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy NY 12180-3590
| | - Cynthia H. Collins
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy NY 12180-3590
| | - Georges Belfort
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Troy NY 12180-3590
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9
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Bjerga GEK, Williamson AK. Cold shock induction of recombinant Arctic environmental genes. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:78. [PMID: 26286037 PMCID: PMC4544801 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heterologous expression of psychrophilic enzymes in E. coli is particularly challenging due to their intrinsic instability. The low stability is regarded as a consequence of adaptation that allow them to function at low temperatures. Recombinant production presents a significant barrier to their exploitation for commercial applications in industry. Methods As part of an enzyme discovery project we have investigated the utility of a cold-shock inducible promoter for low-temperature expression of five diverse genes derived from the metagenomes of marine Arctic sediments. After evaluation of their production, we further optimized for soluble production by building a vector suite from which the environmental genes could be expressed as fusions with solubility tags. Results We found that the low-temperature optimized system produced high expression levels for all putatively cold-active proteins, as well as reducing host toxicity for several candidates. As a proof of concept, activity assays with one of the candidates, a putative chitinase, showed that functional protein was obtained using the low-temperature optimized vector suite. Conclusions We conclude that a cold-shock inducible system is advantageous for the heterologous expression of psychrophilic proteins, and may also be useful for expression of toxic mesophilic and thermophilic proteins where properties of the proteins are deleterious to the host cell growth. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-015-0185-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gro Elin Kjæreng Bjerga
- Norstruct, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway. .,Centre for Applied Biotechnology, Uni Research AS, Thormøhlensgt. 55, N-5008, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Adele Kim Williamson
- Norstruct, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
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Stefely JA, Reidenbach AG, Ulbrich A, Oruganty K, Floyd BJ, Jochem A, Saunders JM, Johnson IE, Minogue CE, Wrobel RL, Barber GE, Lee D, Li S, Kannan N, Coon JJ, Bingman CA, Pagliarini DJ. Mitochondrial ADCK3 employs an atypical protein kinase-like fold to enable coenzyme Q biosynthesis. Mol Cell 2014; 57:83-94. [PMID: 25498144 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The ancient UbiB protein kinase-like family is involved in isoprenoid lipid biosynthesis and is implicated in human diseases, but demonstration of UbiB kinase activity has remained elusive for unknown reasons. Here, we quantitatively define UbiB-specific sequence motifs and reveal their positions within the crystal structure of a UbiB protein, ADCK3. We find that multiple UbiB-specific features are poised to inhibit protein kinase activity, including an N-terminal domain that occupies the typical substrate binding pocket and a unique A-rich loop that limits ATP binding by establishing an unusual selectivity for ADP. A single alanine-to-glycine mutation of this loop flips this coenzyme selectivity and enables autophosphorylation but inhibits coenzyme Q biosynthesis in vivo, demonstrating functional relevance for this unique feature. Our work provides mechanistic insight into UbiB enzyme activity and establishes a molecular foundation for further investigation of how UbiB family proteins affect diseases and diverse biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Stefely
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Andrew G Reidenbach
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Arne Ulbrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | - Brendan J Floyd
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Adam Jochem
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jaclyn M Saunders
- Mitochondrial Protein Partnership, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Isabel E Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Catherine E Minogue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Russell L Wrobel
- Mitochondrial Protein Partnership, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Grant E Barber
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - David Lee
- Department of Medicine and UCSD DXMS Proteomics Resource, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92023, USA
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Medicine and UCSD DXMS Proteomics Resource, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92023, USA
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Craig A Bingman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Mitochondrial Protein Partnership, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Mitochondrial Protein Partnership, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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11
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Gromek KA, Suchy FP, Meddaugh HR, Wrobel RL, LaPointe LM, Chu UB, Primm JG, Ruoho AE, Senes A, Fox BG. The oligomeric states of the purified sigma-1 receptor are stabilized by ligands. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:20333-44. [PMID: 24847081 PMCID: PMC4106346 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.537993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is a mammalian member of the ERG2 and sigma-1 receptor-like protein family (pfam04622). It has been implicated in drug addiction and many human neurological disorders, including Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A broad range of synthetic small molecules, including cocaine, (+)-pentazocine, haloperidol, and small endogenous molecules such as N,N-dimethyltryptamine, sphingosine, and steroids, have been identified as regulators of S1R. However, the mechanism of activation of S1R remains obscure. Here, we provide evidence in vitro that S1R has ligand binding activity only in an oligomeric state. The oligomeric state is prone to decay into an apparent monomeric form when exposed to elevated temperature, with loss of ligand binding activity. This decay is suppressed in the presence of the known S1R ligands such as haloperidol, BD-1047, and sphingosine. S1R has a GXXXG motif in its second transmembrane region, and these motifs are often involved in oligomerization of membrane proteins. Disrupting mutations within the GXXXG motif shifted the fraction of the higher oligomeric states toward smaller states and resulted in a significant decrease in specific (+)-[(3)H]pentazocine binding. Results presented here support the proposal that S1R function may be regulated by its oligomeric state. Possible mechanisms of molecular regulation of interacting protein partners by S1R in the presence of small molecule ligands are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Uyen B Chu
- Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | | | - Arnold E Ruoho
- Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | | | - Brian G Fox
- From the Transmembrane Protein Center, Departments of Biochemistry and
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