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Dündar A, Arıkanoğlu A, Özdemir HH, Aslanhan H, Çevik MU. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin and interleukin-33 in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2022; 80:1011-1016. [PMID: 36535285 PMCID: PMC9770083 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure of unknown cause. It has been suggested that the inflammatory process plays a role in the pathophysiology of the disease. Sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin, and interleukin-33 (IL-33) are among the factors involved in inflammatory processes. OBJECTIVE To investigate the CSF levels of sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin, and IL-33 in patients with IIH. METHODS A total of 24 IIH patients and 21 healthy controls were included in the study. Demographic characteristics of the patients and of the control group as well as CSF pressures were evaluated. Sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin and IL-33 levels in the CSF were measured. RESULTS The CSF levels lipocalin-2, sortilin-1, autotaxin, IL-33 and CSF pressure were significantly higher in the patients group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). Decorin levels were reduced in patients (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between the autotaxin and IL-33 levels and age, gender, CSF pressure, and body mass index. The results of our study showed that inflammatory activation plays an important role in the development of the pathophysiology of IIH. In addition, the fact that the markers used in our study have never been studied in the etiopathogenesis of IIH is important in explaining the molecular mechanism of this disease. CONCLUSION Studies are needed to evaluate the role of these cytokines in the pathophysiology of the disease. It is necessary to evaluate the effects of these molecules on this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Dündar
- Mardin Artuklu University, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Laboratory, Mardin, Turkey.,Address for correspondence Ahmet Dündar
| | - Adalet Arıkanoğlu
- Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
| | | | - Hamza Aslanhan
- Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Uğur Çevik
- Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
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Chondrogianni M, Lambadiari V, Katsanos AH, Stefanou MI, Palaiodimou L, Triantafyllou AS, Karagiannis G, Konstantakos V, Ioakeimidis M, Triantafyllou S, Zompola C, Liantinioti C, Pappa A, Rizos I, Voumvourakis K, Tsivgoulis G, Boutati E. Omentin Is Independently Associated with Stroke Severity and Ipsilateral Carotid Artery Stenosis in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischemia. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245797. [PMID: 34945092 PMCID: PMC8703878 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates an association between adipokines and inflammation-related atherosclerosis. Here, we sought to investigate the association of vaspin and omentin with clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute cerebral ischemia (ACI). Consecutive ACI patients were evaluated within 24 h from symptom-onset. Stroke aetiology was classified using TOAST criteria. Adipokines were assayed using quantikine enzyme immunoassay commercially available kits. Stroke severity was assessed by NIHSS-score, and ipsilateral carotid stenosis (≥50% by NASCET criteria) by ultrasound and CT/MR angiography. Major cerebrovascular events were assessed at three months. We included 135 ACI patients (05 (78%) and 30 (22%) with acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack, respectively; mean age ± SD: 59 ± 10 years; 68% men; median NIHSS-score: 3 (IQR:1–7)). Omentin was strongly correlated to admission stroke severity (Spearman rho coefficient: +0.303; p < 0.001). Patients with ipsilateral carotid stenosis had higher omentin levels compared to patients without stenosis (13.3 ± 8.9 ng/mL vs. 9.5 ± 5.5 ng/mL, p = 0.014). Increasing omentin levels were independently associated with higher stroke severity (linear regression coefficient = 0.290; 95%CI: 0.063–0.516; p = 0.002) and ipsilateral carotid stenosis (linear regression coefficient = 3.411; 95%CI: 0.194–6.628; p = 0.038). No association of vaspin with clinical characteristics and outcomes was found. Circulating omentin may represent a biomarker for the presence of atherosclerotic plaque, associated with higher stroke severity in ACI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chondrogianni
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Vaia Lambadiari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (V.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Aristeidis H. Katsanos
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
- Division of Neurology, McMaster University and Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON L8S 3L8, Canada
| | - Maria Ioanna Stefanou
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Lina Palaiodimou
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Alexandros Stavros Triantafyllou
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Georgios Karagiannis
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Vasileios Konstantakos
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Michael Ioakeimidis
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Sokratis Triantafyllou
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Christina Zompola
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Chryssa Liantinioti
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Alexandra Pappa
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Ioannis Rizos
- Second Department of Cardiology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Voumvourakis
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
| | - Georgios Tsivgoulis
- Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (M.C.); (A.H.K.); (M.I.S.); (L.P.); (A.S.T.); (G.K.); (V.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (C.Z.); (C.L.); (A.P.); (K.V.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-6937178635; Fax: +30-2105832471
| | - Eleni Boutati
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece; (V.L.); (E.B.)
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Abstract
The aim of this paper is to explore the effect of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury on leptin and orexin-A levels in peripheral blood and central secretory tissues, and to examine the roles of leptin and orexin-A in acute inflammatory responses. An intestinal I/R injury model of rats was made; the rats were grouped according to the time of after 60 min ischemia. Radioimmunoassay was employed to detect the levels of leptin in serum and adipose tissue and orexin-A levels in plasma and hypothalamus. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect mRNA expressions of adipose leptin and hypothalamus orexin-A. Compared with the levels before the injury, serum leptin in 60 min ischemia/30 min reperfusion (I60'R30') group decreased and that of I60'R360' group increased. Compared with sham-operation group (sham group) after injury, serum leptin level of I60'R360' group increased, adipose leptin levels of I60'R30' and I60'R90' decreased, and adipose leptin in I60'R360' group increased. After the injury, adipose leptin mRNA expressions of I60'R30', I60'R240' and I60'R360' increased, whereas that of I60'R150' group decreased as compared with the sham group. There was no significant difference in the protein levels of orexin-A, either between plasma and hypothalamus or between pre-and post-I/R injury. Compared with sham group, hypothalamus orexin-A mRNA expressions of I60'R30' and I60'R90' decreased gradually after the injury, with that of I60'R150' group reaching the lowest, and those of I60'R240' and I60'R360' recovering gradually, although they were still significantly lower than that of sham group. Leptin and orexin-A respond to intestinal I/R injury in a time-dependent manner, with leptin responding more quickly than orexin-A does, and both of them may contribute to the metabolic disorders in acute inflammation.
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Localized leptin release may be an important mechanism of curcumin action after acute ischemic injuries. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2013; 74:1044-51. [PMID: 23511143 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e3182826eba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that both curcumin and leptin are protective factors against acute injuries. Here, we investigated whether leptin and its signaling pathway mediate the protective effects of curcumin. METHODS A solid dispersion of curcumin-polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 was prepared and administered intraperitoneally. In vivo intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice determined the effects of curcumin administration on inflammation, oxygen radical production, and leptin expression. In vitro studies using the venous epithelial cell line ECV-304 examined hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced leptin expression and release after curcumin administration. Furthermore, the effects on the leptin-regulated ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways were also explored. RESULTS Intestinal I/R induced marked bowel injuries. Curcumin treatment significantly improved animal survival and reduced the pathologic injuries in the intestines. Furthermore, the elevated intestinal water content and levels of malondialdehyde, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 were significantly decreased, but levels of superoxide dismutase increased. Interestingly, we found that the decreased leptin and its receptor Ob-Rb were restored by curcumin administration. In addition, in vitro studies showed that curcumin increased leptin expression and release after hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cell injuries. Moreover, curcumin treatment restored decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation (p-ERK1/2) and inhibited overactive p38 (p-p38) after injuries, and the effect was reversed by a leptin-specific antibody or Ob-R blocker. CONCLUSION These data suggest that leptin and Ob-Rb-dependent ERK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways may be involved in curcumin protection against intestinal I/R injury, and leptin may be a potential target of curcumin in intestinal I/R injury and other related acute diseases.
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Sarsu SB, Ozokutan BH, Tarakcioglu M, Sarı I, Bağcı C. Effects of Leptin on Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Indian J Surg 2013; 77:351-5. [PMID: 26730024 DOI: 10.1007/s12262-013-0836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Many clinical conditions such as shock, sepsis, mesenteric thrombosis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and bowel transplantation can cause intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. This study was designed to determine the effects of leptin on intestinal IR injury. Thirty rats were divided into three groups, each containing ten rats: group A (IR group), group B (treatment group), and group C (sham group). After 1 h of intestinal ischemia, the clamp was removed in order to perform reperfusion. In group B, 100 mg/kg leptin was administered subcutaneously 30 min before reperfusion. In groups A and C, 0.1 ml physiologic saline was injected. In group A, serum and tissue nitric oxide (NO) levels were significantly decreased, and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased compared to sham group (p < 0.05). Histopathologic injury was significantly lower in sham group compared to group A. In group B, serum and tissue malondialdehyde levels were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), but serum and tissue NO levels were significantly increased compared to group A (p < 0.05). Histopathologic injury was significantly lower in group B compared to group A (p < 0.05). The results of the present study demonstrated that leptin decreases intestinal IR injury by increasing NO production, rearranging mucosal blood flow, and inhibiting polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevgi Buyukbese Sarsu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gaziantep Children's Hospital, 27060 Gaziantep, Turkey ; Ataturk mah. Adnan Inanıcı cad. 1107 nolu sok. Buyukbese Apt. Kat 4. Daire No.8 Sehitkamil, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Bulent Hayri Ozokutan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tarakcioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Sarı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Cahit Bağcı
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
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Shiao YH, Leighty RM, Wang C, Ge X, Crawford EB, Spurrier JM, McCann SD, Fields JR, Fornwald L, Riffle L, Driver C, Kasprzak KS, Quiñones OA, Wilson RE, Travlos GS, Alvord WG, Anderson LM. Molecular and organismal changes in offspring of male mice treated with chemical stressors. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2012; 53:392-407. [PMID: 22674528 DOI: 10.1002/em.21701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Both gene methylation changes and genetic instability have been noted in offspring of male rodents exposed to radiation or chemicals, but few specific gene targets have been established. Previously, we identified the gene for ribosomal RNA, rDNA, as showing methylation change in sperm of mice treated with the preconceptional carcinogen, chromium(III) chloride. rDNA is a critical cell growth regulator. Here, we investigated the effects of paternal treatments on rDNA in offspring tissue. A total of 93 litters and 758 offspring were obtained, permitting rigorous mixed-effects models statistical analysis of the results. We show that the offspring of male mice treated with Cr(III) presented increased methylation in a promoter sequence of the rDNA gene, specifically in lung. Furthermore polymorphic variants of the multi-copy rDNA genes displayed altered frequencies indicative of structural changes, as a function of both tissue type and paternal treatments. Organismal effects also occurred: some groups of offspring of male mice treated with either Cr(III) or its vehicle, acidic saline, compared with those of untreated mice, had altered average body and liver weights and levels of serum glucose and leptin. Males treated directly with Cr(III) or acidic saline presented serum hormone changes consistent with a stress response. These results establish for the first time epigenetic and genetic instability effects in a gene of central physiological importance, in offspring of male mice exposed preconceptionally to chemicals, possibly related to a stress response in these males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih-Horng Shiao
- Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
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Sagiroglu T, Torun N, Yagci M, Yalta T, Sagiroglu G, Oguz S. Effects of apelin and leptin on renal functions following renal ischemia/reperfusion: An experimental study. Exp Ther Med 2012; 3:908-914. [PMID: 22969992 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of apelin and leptin on renal functions following renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). A total of 32 rats were divided into four groups. The control group was not induced with ischemia, but was administered normal saline intraperitoneally. Normal saline, apelin and leptin were administered intraperitoneally to the I/R, ischemia/reperfusion and apelin (I/R+A) and ischemia/reperfusion and leptin (I/R+L) groups, in turn for three days prior to the surgical procedure. Blood and urine samples were obtained after 24 h of reperfusion, and scintigraphic examination was performed. Renal damage was evaluated histopathologically. Urea levels of the I/R+L and I/R+A groups were comparable, but were higher compared to that of the control group. The I/R group had the highest urea levels (control, 27±2; I/R, 120±15; I/R+A, 75±10; I/R+L, 80±11; p<0.001). Creatinine levels were higher in all three ischemic groups compared to the control group. Glomerular filtration rate values of the I/R+A and I/R+L groups were not significantly, but numerically higher compared to that of the I/R group. No pathological damage was observed in any of the animals in the control group. In the I/R group, two animals had moderate and six had severe renal damage, while three had moderate and one had severe renal damage in the I/R+L group. In the I/R+A group, moderate renal damage was found in one animal, while none had severe renal damage. This study demonstrates the functional and histopathological protective effects of leptin and apelin against renal I/R injury.
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Lin J, Yan GT, Xue H, Hao XH, Zhang K, Wang LH. Role of leptin in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion-induced intestinal injury of rats. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2008; 16:3485-3491. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v16.i31.3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the changes of leptin in intestinal tract following hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (H-I/R), to investigate the association between these changes and H-I/R-induced intestinal injury, and to find out the role of leptin in H-I/R-induced intestinal injury.
METHODS: A 70% H-I/R model of rats was established, forming 5 groups including sham-operation and injury ones based on different reperfusion time. Enzyme-colorimetry was used to detect serum diamine oxidase activity after injury, hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were applied to investigate pathological variations and leptin protein expressions in duodenum after injury, respectively, while reverse transcriptase-PCR was used to detect leptin mRNA expressions in duodenum after injury.
RESULTS: Compared with sham-operation group after injury, the four reperfusion groups showed no significant difference in serum diamine oxidase activity, but serum diamine oxidase level was significantly higher in 60 min ischemia/60 min reperfusion (I60'R60') group than in I60'R360' group (P = 0.0077). Pathological investigation suggested that duodenal impairments at the early phase of H-I/R were more serious, while the impairments at the later phase lessened gradually. Compared with leptin protein expression in duodenum of sham-operation group after injury, that of I60'R240' and I60'R360' groups increased significantly (0.126503 ± 0.005873, 0.129458 ± 0.003755 vs 0.079269 ± 0.001995, both P < 0.01), and the levels of reperfusion groups decreased in such order as I60'R360', I60'R240', I60'R60' and I60'R150' groups. Compared with leptin mRNA expression in duodenum of sham-operation group after injury, that of I60'R150' group decreased significantly (0.944 ± 0.033 vs 1.022 ± 0.011, P = 0.049), and it was significantly lower than the level of I60'R360' group.
CONCLUSION: The expression changes of leptin in intestinal tract after H-I/R are closely associated with intestinal injury, suggesting that leptin may be a protective factor of resisting H-I/R-induced intestinal injury.
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Terao S, Yilmaz G, Stokes KY, Ishikawa M, Kawase T, Granger DN. Inflammatory and Injury Responses to Ischemic Stroke in Obese Mice. Stroke 2008; 39:943-50. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.107.494542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Although epidemiological studies reveal an increased incidence of obesity and an association between obesity and the prevalence/severity of ischemic stroke, little is known about the mechanisms that link obesity to ischemic stroke. This study tested the hypothesis that obesity exacerbates the cerebrovascular dysfunction and tissue injury induced by brain ischemia and reperfusion.
Methods—
The adhesion of leukocytes and platelets in cerebral venules, blood–brain barrier permeability, brain water content, and infarct volume were measured in wild-type, obese (
ob/ob
), and leptin-reconstituted
ob/ob
mice subjected to 30 minutes middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion. Tissue and plasma cytokine levels were determined by cytometric bead array, and a role for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-6 was assessed using blocking antibodies.
Results—
Compared with wild-type mice,
ob/ob
exhibited larger increases in leukocyte and platelet adhesion, blood–brain barrier permeability, water content, and infarct volume after middle cerebral artery occlusion–reperfusion. Reconstitution of leptin in
ob/ob
mice tended to further enhance all reperfusion-induced responses.
Ob/ob
mice also exhibited higher plasma levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-6 than wild-type mice. Immunoneutralization of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, but not interleukin-6, reduced infarct volume in
ob/ob
mice.
Conclusions—
Obesity worsens the inflammatory and injury responses to middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion by a mechanism independent of leptin deficiency. monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 appears to contribute to the exaggerated responses to ischemic stroke in obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Terao
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (S.T., G.Y., K.Y.S., D.N.G.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La; the Department of Neurosurgery (M.I.), Jichi Medical School Hospital, Jichi, Japan; and the Department of Neurosurgery (T.K.), Keio University Hospital, Keio, Japan
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (S.T., G.Y., K.Y.S., D.N.G.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La; the Department of Neurosurgery (M.I.), Jichi Medical School Hospital, Jichi, Japan; and the Department of Neurosurgery (T.K.), Keio University Hospital, Keio, Japan
| | - Karen Y. Stokes
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (S.T., G.Y., K.Y.S., D.N.G.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La; the Department of Neurosurgery (M.I.), Jichi Medical School Hospital, Jichi, Japan; and the Department of Neurosurgery (T.K.), Keio University Hospital, Keio, Japan
| | - Mami Ishikawa
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (S.T., G.Y., K.Y.S., D.N.G.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La; the Department of Neurosurgery (M.I.), Jichi Medical School Hospital, Jichi, Japan; and the Department of Neurosurgery (T.K.), Keio University Hospital, Keio, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawase
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (S.T., G.Y., K.Y.S., D.N.G.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La; the Department of Neurosurgery (M.I.), Jichi Medical School Hospital, Jichi, Japan; and the Department of Neurosurgery (T.K.), Keio University Hospital, Keio, Japan
| | - D. Neil Granger
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (S.T., G.Y., K.Y.S., D.N.G.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La; the Department of Neurosurgery (M.I.), Jichi Medical School Hospital, Jichi, Japan; and the Department of Neurosurgery (T.K.), Keio University Hospital, Keio, Japan
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Shi Y, Yan GT, Lin J. Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury made leptin decreased. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 133:27-31. [PMID: 16271774 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2005.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2005] [Accepted: 09/08/2005] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To explore the role and the rule of leptin levels in severe traumatism, an ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established to observe change of leptin levels, and platelet activating factor, noradrenaline, lipopolysaccharide, and endothelin-1 were utilized to induce vascular endothelial cells. Leptin concentrations in serum and supernatant were detected by murine and human leptin radioimmunoassay. The results showed that the first serum leptin level significantly decreased after an injury of 60 min ischemia and 30 min reperfusion versus pre-experimental serum values, and leptin level in serum showed a variational trend to increase as reperfusion time extended; the second, supernatant leptin level significantly decreased after PAF and ET-1 treatments of 6 and 24 h versus the control group. It can be concluded that leptin maybe an inflammatory cytokine to play a protection role in acute inflammation and traumatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Research Laboratory of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Institute, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, PR China
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