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Zhong J, Sui WW, Bai XY, Qiu ZL, Li XG, Zhu JZ. Characterization and biocontrol mechanism of Streptomyces olivoreticuli as a potential biocontrol agent against Rhizoctonia solani. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105681. [PMID: 38072538 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a widespread and devastating plant pathogenic fungus that infects many important crops. This pathogen causes tobacco target spot, a disease that is widespread in many tobacco-growing countries and is destructive to tobacco. To identify antagonistic microorganisms with biocontrol potential against this disease, we isolated Streptomyces strains from forest inter-root soil and screened a promising biocontrol strain, ZZ-21. Based on in vitro antagonism assays, ZZ-21 showed a significant inhibitory effect on R. solani and various other phytopathogens. ZZ-21 was identified as Streptomyces olivoreticuli by its phenotypic, genetic, physiological and biochemical properties. Complete genome sequencing revealed that ZZ-21 harbored numerous antimicrobial biosynthesis gene clusters. ZZ-21 significantly reduced the lesion length in detached inoculated leaf assays and reduced the disease index under greenhouse and field conditions. Based on an in vitro antagonistic assay of ZZ-21 culture, the strain exhibited an antifungal activity against R. solani in a dose-dependent manner. The culture filtrate could impair membrane integrity, possibly through membrane lipid peroxidation. ZZ-21 could secrete multiple extracellular enzymes and siderophores. According to a series of antifungal assays, the extracellular metabolites of ZZ-21 contained antimicrobial bioactive compounds composed of proteins/peptides extracted using ammonium sulfate precipitation, which were stable under stress caused by high temperature and protease K. The EC50 value for ammonium sulfate precipitation was determined to be 21.11 μg/mL in this study. Moreover, the proteins/peptides also exhibited biocontrol ability and were observed to alter the plasma membrane integrity of R. solani which were evaluated by biocontrol efficacy assays on detached tobacco leaves and PI staining. Overall, strain ZZ-21 shows the potential to be developed into a biopesticide against tobacco target spot disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, PR China
| | - Wen Wen Sui
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, PR China
| | - Xin Yi Bai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, PR China
| | - Ze Lan Qiu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, PR China
| | - Xiao Gang Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, PR China.
| | - Jun Zi Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, PR China.
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Kamoun F, Weekers F, Ayed RB, Mechri S, Jabeur F, Thonart P, Jaouadi B. Multiple linear regression models to simulate spore yields of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS13 through optimization of medium composition. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:2686-2697. [PMID: 34994000 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a food spoilage spore-forming bacterium. Its spores are useful for multiple biotechnological applications. Nevertheless, few reports are available regarding the achievement of a high cell density and good sporulation effectiveness under fermentation conditions. Therefore, the current study was designed to optimize a low-cost fermentation medium allowing the highest sporulation yield by B. amyloliquefaciens strain BS13. Our data revealed that tryptone and starch were the best carbon and energy sources. In addition, two nitrogen sources namely, corn steep liquor (CSL) and yeast extract (YE), allowed a significant enhancement of spore production and they were both retained for further optimization. A combination of CaCl2 , MgSO4 , and MnSO4 showed a positive impact on spores' production. The composition of the optimized medium was (in g/L); tryptone 3, starch 15, CSL 13.5, YE 1.5, CaCl2 0.1, MgSO4 ·7H2 O 0.012, and MnSO4 ·7H2 O 0.0012. Such medium was further validated in a 400-L fermentor. The spore yield by B. amyloliquefaciens strain BS13 was enhanced from 3.0 × 1010 spores/mL under flask culture conditions to 6.2 × 1010 spores/mL when cultures were performed on large scale. Therefore, strain BS13 spore preparation could be proposed as a promising probiotic and a biocontrol agent useful for plants, animals, and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakher Kamoun
- Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Microbiennes et Enzymatiques et Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Rayda Ben Ayed
- Laboratoire de Procédés de Criblage Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Mechri
- Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Microbiennes et Enzymatiques et Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fadoua Jabeur
- Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Microbiennes et Enzymatiques et Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Philippe Thonart
- Centre Wallon de Biologie Industrielle, Unité de Technologie Microbienne, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bassem Jaouadi
- Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Microbiennes et Enzymatiques et Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Wang XF, Miao CH, Qiao B, Xu SJ, Cheng JS. Co-culture of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and recombinant Pichia pastoris for utilizing kitchen waste to produce fengycins. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 133:560-566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Wang X, Liang L, Shao H, Ye X, Yang X, Chen X, Shi Y, Zhang L, Xu L, Wang J. Isolation of the Novel Strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens F9 and Identification of Lipopeptide Extract Components Responsible for Activity against Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:457. [PMID: 35161438 PMCID: PMC8840523 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc), is a quarantine disease that seriously affects citrus production worldwide. The use of microorganisms and their products for biological control has been proven to be effective in controlling Xanthomonas disease. In this study, a novel Xcc antagonistic strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens F9 by morphological and molecular analysis. The lipopeptide extract of B. amyloliquefaciens F9 (F9LE) effectively inhibited the growth of Xcc in an agar diffusion assay and restrained the occurrence of canker lesions in a pathogenicity test under greenhouse conditions. Consistent with these findings, F9LE treatment significantly inhibited the production of extracellular enzymes in Xcc cells and induced cell wall damage, with leakage of bacterial contents revealed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses. In addition, F9LE also showed strong antagonistic activity against a wide spectrum of plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Furthermore, using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis, the main antimicrobial compounds of strain F9 were identified as three kinds of lipopeptides, including homologues of surfactin, fengycin, and iturin. Taken together, our results show that B. amyloliquefaciens F9 and its lipopeptide components have the potential to be used as biocontrol agents against Xcc, and other plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.W.); (L.L.); (H.S.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Liqiong Liang
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.W.); (L.L.); (H.S.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Hang Shao
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.W.); (L.L.); (H.S.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xiaoxin Ye
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.W.); (L.L.); (H.S.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xiaobei Yang
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.W.); (L.L.); (H.S.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.W.); (L.L.); (H.S.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yu Shi
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.W.); (L.L.); (H.S.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lianhui Zhang
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.W.); (L.L.); (H.S.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.S.); (L.Z.)
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Linghui Xu
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.W.); (L.L.); (H.S.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.S.); (L.Z.)
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junxia Wang
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.W.); (L.L.); (H.S.); (X.Y.); (X.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.S.); (L.Z.)
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Duan Y, Chen R, Zhang R, Jiang W, Chen X, Yin C, Mao Z. Isolation, Identification, and Antibacterial Mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QSB-6 and Its Effect on Plant Roots. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:746799. [PMID: 34603274 PMCID: PMC8482014 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.746799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Apple replant disease (ARD) is a common problem in major apple planting areas, and biological factors play a leading role in its etiology. Here, we isolated the bacterial strain QSB-6 from the rhizosphere soil of healthy apple trees in a replanted orchard using the serial dilution method. Strain QSB-6 was provisionally identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on its morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, carbon source utilization, and chemical sensitivity. Maximum likelihood analysis based on four gene sequences [16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA), DNA gyrase subunit A (gyrA), DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB), and RNA polymerase subunit B (rpoB)] from QSB-6 and other strains indicated that it had 100% homology with B. amyloliquefaciens, thereby confirming its identification. Flat standoff tests showed that strain QSB-6 had a strong inhibitory effect on Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Phoma sp., Valsa mali, Rhizoctonia solani, Penicillium brasilianum, and Albifimbria verrucaria, and it had broad-spectrum antibacterial characteristics. Extracellular metabolites from strain QSB-6 showed a strong inhibitory effect on Fusarium hyphal growth and spore germination, causing irregular swelling, atrophy, rupture, and cytoplasmic leakage of fungal hyphae. Analysis of its metabolites showed that 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid and benzeneacetic acid, 3- hydroxy-, methyl ester had good inhibitory effects on Fusarium, and increased the length of primary roots and the number of lateral roots of Arabidopsis thaliana plantlet. Pot experiments demonstrated that a QSB-6 bacterial fertilizer treatment (T2) significantly improved the growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings. It increased root length, surface area, tips, and forks, respiration rate, protective enzyme activities, and the number of soil bacteria while reducing the number of soil fungi. Fermentation broth from strain QSB-6 effectively prevented root damage from Fusarium. terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays showed that the T2 treatment significantly reduced the abundance of Fusarium in the soil and altered the soil fungal community structure. In summary, B. amyloliquefaciens QSB-6 has a good inhibitory effect on Fusarium in the soil and can significantly promote plant root growth. It has great potential as a biological control agent against ARD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Duan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Weitao Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Xuesen Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Chengmiao Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiquan Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
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Cd D, Lb V, Ma M, Md B. Extracellular Antifungal Activity of Chitinase-Producing Bacteria Isolated From Guano of Insectivorous Bats. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:2787-2798. [PMID: 34086077 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02555-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A reduction in the use of agrochemicals requires the development of either alternatives or complementary control methods in order to limit their dangerousness. An alternative is the biological control of fungi by bacteria. The fungal cell wall is a unique structure of the fungi, composed of glucan, chitin, and glycoproteins. Therefore, bacteria producing mycolytic enzymes, like chitinases, are of great interest to degrade fungal cell-wall components. The objectives of this work were to isolate chitinolytic bacteria from the guano of insectivorous bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) and to verify the presence of antifungal activities against phytopathogenic fungi. From the guano samples, 28 bacterial isolates were obtained, 70% of which presented chitinolytic activity. Four isolates were selected since they showed the highest values of chitinase activity, and they were characterized as belonging to Bacillus genus, by analyzing the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence. Cell-free supernatants of bacterial cultures were used in inhibition tests on 16 fungi: Alternaria and Colletotrichum acutatum were the most affected. Chitinase and antifungal activities were observed in the cell-free supernatant regardless of the culture medium used. Both activities were stable to heat and proteinase K treatments. Finally, when the culture medium was supplemented with 1 ml of cell-free supernatants (0.33%) and incubated for 120 h, the inhibition of hyphae formation and germination spores of reporter fungus were observed under light microscopy. These results suggest the feasibility of using cell-free supernatants as eco-friendly fungicides. The use of them may contribute to reducing the dose of toxic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfini Cd
- INQUISAL, CONICET. FQByF, UNSL, Chacabuco 917 (D5700BWS), 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Villegas Lb
- INQUISAL, CONICET. FQByF, UNSL, Chacabuco 917 (D5700BWS), 5700, San Luis, Argentina.
| | - Martínez Ma
- PROIMI, CONICET, Av. Belgrano Y Pje. Caseros, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Baigorí Md
- PROIMI, CONICET, Av. Belgrano Y Pje. Caseros, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química, Farmacia y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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Xiao L, Niu HJ, Qu TL, Zhang XF, Du FY. Streptomyces sp. FX13 inhibits fungicide-resistant Botrytis cinerea in vitro and in vivo by producing oligomycin A. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 175:104834. [PMID: 33993959 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is one of the most destructive fungal pathogens which can cause gray mold diseases of numerous plant species, while the frequent applications of fungicides also result in the fungicide-resistances of B. cinerea. In this study, a new Streptomyces strain FX13 was obtained to show biocontrol potentials against fungicide-resistant B. cinerea B3-4. Its in vitro and in vivo antifungal mechanisms were further investigated. The results showed that the culture extract of strain FX13 could significantly inhibit the mycelia growth of B. cinerea B3-4 with the EC50 value of 5.40 mg L-1, which was greatly lower than those of pyrisoxazole, boscalid and azoxystrobin. Further bioassay-guided isolation of the extract had yielded the antifungal component SA1, which was elucidated as a 26-membered polyene macrolide of oligomycin A. SA1 could inhibit the mycelia growth, spore germination, germ tube elongation and sporogenesis of B. cinerea B3-4 in vitro, and also showed significant curative and protective effects against gray mold on grapes in vivo. Moreover, SA1 could result in the loss of membrane integrity and the leakage of cytoplasmic contents, which might be related to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and membrane lipid peroxidation. Besides, intracellular adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content of B. cinerea B3-4 decreased after SA1-treatment. Overall, the oligomycin A-producing strain FX13 could inhibit fungicide-resistant B. cinerea B3-4 in vitro and in vivo, also highlighting its biocontrol potential against gray mold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiao
- Institute of Green Pesticide Development, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Hong-Jie Niu
- Institute of Green Pesticide Development, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Tian-Li Qu
- Institute of Green Pesticide Development, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiang-Fei Zhang
- Institute of Green Pesticide Development, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Feng-Yu Du
- Institute of Green Pesticide Development, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Wang X, Zhou X, Cai Z, Guo L, Chen X, Chen X, Liu J, Feng M, Qiu Y, Zhang Y, Wang A. A Biocontrol Strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa CQ-40 Promote Growth and Control Botrytis cinerea in Tomato. Pathogens 2020; 10:22. [PMID: 33396336 PMCID: PMC7824093 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea infection can be very devastating for tomato production, as it can result in a large-scale reduction in tomato fruit production and fruit quality after harvest. Thus, it negatively affects tomato yield and quality. In this study, a biocontrol bacteria CQ-4 was isolated and screened from the rhizosphere soil of tomato plants. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed that it belongs to the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which has a strong antagonistic effect against Botrytis cinerea. In addition, the bacterium's antibacterial spectrum is relatively extensive, and antagonistic tests have shown that it also has varying degrees of inhibition on other 12 plant diseases. The growth promotion test showed that the strain has a clear promotion effect on tomato seed germination and seedling growth. The growth-promoting effect on plant height, stem thickness, dry and fresh weight and main root length of tomato seedlings was significantly improved after the seeds were soaked in a bacterial solution of 2.5 × 108 cfu mL-1 concentration. This did not only maintain the nutritional quality of tomato fruits, but also prevents them from rotting. In vitro and pot experiments showed that the strain CQ-4 can effectively control tomato gray mold, and the control effects on tomato leaves and fruits reached 74.4% and 66.0%, respectively. Strain CQ-4 induce plants to up-regulate the activities of four disease-resistant defense enzymes. The peak enzymatic activities of Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) were increased by 35.6%, 37.6%, 46.1%, and 38.4%, respectively, as compared with the control group. This study found that the strain can solubilize phosphorus, fix nitrogen, and produce cellulase, protease, ferrophilin, and other antibacterial metabolites, but it does not produce chitinase, glucanase, and HCN (hydrocyanic acid). This research screened out an excellent Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain that can stably and effectively control tomato gray mold, and it provided theoretical basis for further development and the application of biological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.F.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Xinan Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.F.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Zhibo Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.F.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Lan Guo
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.G.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiuling Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.G.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.G.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Jiayin Liu
- College of Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Mingfang Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.F.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Youwen Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.F.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.F.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Aoxue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.F.); (Y.Q.)
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.G.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
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Synergistic Inhibitory Activity of Bacillomycin D, Surfactin and Nisin against Thermoascus crustaceus, Neosartorya hiratsukae and Bacillus subtilis, Responsible for Cardboard Spoilage. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.4.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Corrugated cardboard boxes are one of the largest paper-based packaging forms used for shipping and handling of wide variety of products in different end-use industries due to low cost, low weight and recyclability. Due to its organic composition, they are highly susceptible to spoilage from heat-resistant microbial spores, leading to economic losses and health risks. In this study, the efficacy of lipopeptides produced from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MTCC 10456 against thermotolerant Thermoascus crustaceus, Neosartorya hiratsukae and Bacillus subtilis, isolated from spoiled cardboard boxes, was investigated. Lipopeptides were isolated by salt-precipitation of fermentation broth and activity-guided Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). Inhibitory fractions consisted of bacillomycin D and surfactin, which were identified using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. Mixture of lipopeptides with nisin (3:2 w/w) asserted significant synergistic effect on the tested pathogens which reduced the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values and increased their inhibition spectra. Preservative coating containing lipopeptides and nisin was applied on the corrugated cardboard surfaces by mixing with starch-based additive by spread-coating method. It demonstrated biopreservative efficacy against the targeted microorganisms at during the observational period of 180 days. Reduction in microbial count of 4 log cycles was observed in 20 days and showed controlled release of coated peptides which indicate its suitability for packaging purposes. Findings from this study suggests an effective and scalable strategy to prevent microbial spoilage thereby extending the storage period of cardboard boxes.
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Falqueto SA, Pitaluga BF, de Sousa JR, Targanski SK, Campos MG, de Oliveira Mendes TA, da Silva GF, Silva DHS, Soares MA. Bacillus spp. metabolites are effective in eradicating Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae with low toxicity to non-target species. J Invertebr Pathol 2020; 179:107525. [PMID: 33383067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The growing spread of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses demand the development of new and environmentally safe control methods for their vector, the mosquito Aedes aegypti. This study aims to find novel larvicidal agents from mutualistic (endophytic and rhizospheric) or edaphic bacteria that have no action against non-target organisms. Eleven out of the 254 bacterial strains tested were able to kill Ae. aegypti larvae. Larvicidal activity did not depend on presence of cells, since culture supernatants or crude lipopeptide extracts (CLEs) killed the larvae. Bacillus safensis BacI67 and Bacillus paranthracis C21 supernatants were the best performing supernatants, displaying the lowest lethal concentrations (LC50 = 31.11 µL/mL and 45.84 µL/mL, respectively). Bacillus velezensis B64a and Bacillus velezensis B15 produced the best performing CLEs (LC50 = 0.11 mg/mL and 0.12 mg/mL, respectively). Mass spectrometry analysis of CLEs detected a mixture of surfactins, iturins, and fengycins. The samples tested were weakly- or non-toxic to mammalian cells (RAW 264.7 macrophages and VERO cells) and non-target organisms (Caenorhabditis elegans, Galleria mellonella, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Tetrahymena pyriformis) - especially B. velezensis B15 CLE. The biosynthetic gene clusters related to secondary metabolism identified by whole genome sequencing of the four best performing bacteria strains revealed clusters for bacteriocin, beta-lactone, lanthipeptide, non-ribosomal peptide synthetases, polyketide synthases (PKS), siderophores, T3PKS, type 1 PKS-like, terpenes, thiopeptides, and trans-AT-PKS. Purification of lipopeptides may clarify the mechanisms by which these extracts kill Ae. aegypti larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Altoé Falqueto
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, 78060-900 Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Bruno Faria Pitaluga
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, 78060-900 Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Janaína Rosa de Sousa
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, 78060-900 Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Ketrin Targanski
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, 78060-900 Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Mateus Gandra Campos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Dulce Helena Siqueira Silva
- Centro de Inovação em Biodiversidade e Fármacos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Soares
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, 78060-900 Cuiabá, Brazil.
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11
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Xie S, Vallet M, Sun C, Kunert M, David A, Zhang X, Chen B, Lu X, Boland W, Shao Y. Biocontrol Potential of a Novel Endophytic Bacterium From Mulberry ( Morus) Tree. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 7:488. [PMID: 32039187 PMCID: PMC6990687 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus) is an economically important woody tree that is suitable for use in sericulture as forage and in medicine. However, this broad-leaved tree is facing multiple threats ranging from phytopathogens to insect pests. Here, a Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium (ZJU1) was frequently isolated from healthy mulberry plants by screening for foliar endophytes showing antagonism against pathogens and pests. Whole-genome sequencing and annotation resulted in a genome size of 4.06 Mb and classified the bacterium as a novel strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens that has rarely been identified from tree leaves. An integrative approach combining traditional natural product chemistry, activity bioassays, and high-resolution mass spectrometry confirmed that strain ZJU1 uses a blend of antimicrobials including peptides and volatile organic compounds to oppose Botrytis cinerea, a major phytopathogenic fungus causing mulberry gray mold disease. We showed that the inoculation of endophyte-free plants with ZJU1 significantly decreased both leaf necrosis and mortality under field conditions. In addition to the direct interactions of endophytes with foliar pathogens, in planta studies suggested that the inoculation of endophytes also induced plant systemic defense, including high expression levels of mulberry disease resistance genes. Moreover, when applied to the generalist herbivore Spodoptera litura, ZJU1 was sufficient to reduce the pest survival rate below 50%. A previously undiscovered crystal toxin (Cry10Aa) could contribute to this insecticidal effect against notorious lepidopteran pests. These unique traits clearly demonstrate that B. amyloliquefaciens ZJU1 is promising for the development of successful strategies for biocontrol applications. The search for new plant-beneficial microbes and engineering microbiomes is therefore of great significance for sustainably improving plant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Xie
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marine Vallet
- Max Planck Fellow Group on Plankton Community Interaction, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Chao Sun
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maritta Kunert
- Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Anja David
- Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Xiancui Zhang
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bosheng Chen
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingmeng Lu
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wilhelm Boland
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Yongqi Shao
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Zhang D, Gao Y, Ke X, Yi M, Liu Z, Han X, Shi C, Lu M. Bacillus velezensis LF01: in vitro antimicrobial activity against fish pathogens, growth performance enhancement, and disease resistance against streptococcosis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:9023-9035. [PMID: 31654082 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is a major pathogen causing streptococcosis. To prevent and control this bacterial disease, antagonistic bacteria have become a new research hotspot. This study evaluated the probiotic potential of Bacillus velezensis LF01 strain, which is antagonistic to S. agalactiae. The active compounds produced by LF01 showed antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of fish pathogens, including S. agalactiae, Streptococcus iniae, Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Edwardsiella ictaluri, Aeromonas schubertii, Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas jandaei, and Vibrio harveyi. The antimicrobial compounds were heat stable, pH stable, UV stable, resistant to proteases, and could be stored for a long time. To evaluate the probiotic function of LF01 in Nile tilapia, juveniles were divided into three treatment groups: a control group, an interval feeding group, and a continuous feeding group. Tilapia fed with LF01-supplemented diets (1.0 × 109 CFU/g) showed significantly better growth performances than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Tilapia fed with LF01-supplemented diets significantly increased lysozyme (LZY) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. The expression of three immune-related genes (C3, lyzc, and MHC-IIβ) was higher in the intestine, head kidney, and gill of tilapia from the continuous feeding group than in those from the control group (P < 0.05). Tilapia fed with LF01-supplemented diets showed remarkably improved survival rates after S. agalactiae infection, and analysis of their intestinal tract pathogens revealed that the abundance of Edwardsiella and Plesiomonas had significantly decreased compared with the control group. Our findings demonstrate that LF01 is an effective antagonist against various fish pathogens and has potential for controlling infections by Streptococcus spp. and other pathogens in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Xiaoli Ke
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Mengmeng Yi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Xueqing Han
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Cunbin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Maixin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
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