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Annuar NAK, Azlan UK, Mediani A, Tong X, Han R, Al-Olayan E, Baharum SN, Bunawan H, Sarian MN, Hamezah HS, Jantan I. An insight review on the neuropharmacological effects, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of mitragynine. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116134. [PMID: 38219389 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitragynine is one of the main psychoactive alkaloids in Mitragyna speciosa Korth. (kratom). It has opium-like effects by acting on μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors in the brain. The compound also interacts with other receptors, such as adrenergic and serotonergic receptors and neuronal Ca2+ channels in the central nervous system to have its neuropharmacological effects. Mitragynine has the potential to treat diseases related to neurodegeneration such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as its modulation on the opioid receptors has been reported extensively. This review aimed to provide an up-to-date and critical overview on the neuropharmacological effects, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics and safety of mitragynine as a prospective psychotropic agent. Its multiple neuropharmacological effects on the brain include antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, sedative, stimulant, cognitive, and anxiolytic activities. The potential of mitragynine to manage opioid withdrawal symptoms related to opioid dependence, its pharmacokinetics and toxic effects were also discussed. The interaction of mitragynine with various receptors in the brain produce diverse neuropharmacological effects, which have beneficial properties in neurological disorders. However, further studies need to be carried out on mitragynine to uncover its complex mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamic profiles, addictive potential, and safe dosage to prevent harmful side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aisyah Khairul Annuar
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ummi Kalthum Azlan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Xiaohui Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Rongchun Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ebtesam Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamidun Bunawan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Murni Nazira Sarian
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamizah Shahirah Hamezah
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Marks WD, Paris JJ, Barbour AJ, Moon J, Carpenter VJ, McLane VD, Lark ARS, Nass SR, Zhang J, Yarotskyy V, McQuiston AR, Knapp PE, Hauser KF. HIV-1 Tat and Morphine Differentially Disrupt Pyramidal Cell Structure and Function and Spatial Learning in Hippocampal Area CA1: Continuous versus Interrupted Morphine Exposure. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0547-20.2021. [PMID: 33782102 PMCID: PMC8146490 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0547-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
About half the people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have neurocognitive deficits that often include memory impairment and hippocampal deficits, which can be exacerbated by opioid abuse. To explore the effects of opioids and HIV on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuron structure and function, we induced HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) expression in transgenic mice for 14 d and co-administered time-release morphine or vehicle subcutaneous implants during the final 5 d (days 9-14) to establish steady-state morphine levels. Morphine was withheld from some ex vivo slices during recordings to begin to assess the initial pharmacokinetic consequences of opioid withdrawal. Tat expression reduced hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuronal excitability at lower stimulating currents. Pyramidal cell firing rates were unaffected by continuous morphine exposure. Behaviorally, exposure to Tat or high dosages of morphine impaired spatial memory Exposure to Tat and steady-state levels of morphine appeared to have largely independent effects on pyramidal neuron structure and function, a response that is distinct from other vulnerable brain regions such as the striatum. By contrast, acutely withholding morphine (from morphine-tolerant ex vivo slices) revealed unique and selective neuroadaptive shifts in CA1 pyramidal neuronal excitability and dendritic plasticity, including some interactions with Tat. Collectively, the results show that opioid-HIV interactions in hippocampal area CA1 are more nuanced than previously assumed, and appear to vary depending on the outcome assessed and on the pharmacokinetics of morphine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Marks
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0613
| | - Jason J Paris
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, School of Pharmacy, University, MS 38677-1848
| | - Aaron J Barbour
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0709
| | - Jean Moon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0613
| | - Valerie J Carpenter
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0613
| | - Virginia D McLane
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0613
| | - Arianna R S Lark
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0613
| | - Sara R Nass
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0613
| | - Jingli Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0613
| | - Viktor Yarotskyy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0613
| | - A Rory McQuiston
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0709
| | - Pamela E Knapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0613
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0709
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0709
| | - Kurt F Hauser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-0613
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0709
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0709
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Zarrindast MR, Issazadeh Y, Rezaei N, Khakpai F. Possible involvement of the opioidergic system in the modulation of body temperature, jumping behavior and memory process in cholestatic and addicted mice. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:311-322. [PMID: 32256271 PMCID: PMC7105937 DOI: 10.17179/excli2019-2055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cholestasis is related to an increased plasma level of endogenous opioid levels. Naloxone-induced withdrawal syndrome has been reported in a mouse model of cholestasis. Moreover, studies revealed that the memory process is affected by cholestasis. Thus, we aimed at determining whether pharmacological manipulation of the opioidergic system is involved in signs of cholestasis disease such as hypothermia and withdrawal behaviors such as jumping behavior as well as memory process in mice. Cholestasis was induced by bile duct resection in mice and physical dependence was induced by administration of morphine and/or tramadol three times daily (8, 12 and 16 h) at the doses of 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg during three consecutive days. The memory process was assessed by a step-down passive avoidance test. Our results indicated that cholestatic mice showed hypothermia whereas cholestatic- and drug dependent mice indicated hyperthermia. Moreover, administration of morphine (50 mg/kg) and/or tramadol (50 mg/kg) on the 4th day, 2 h before naloxone injection significantly decreased latency to first jumping but increased the number of jumping and rearing behavior as well as locomotor activity in BDL-vs. sham-operated mice. In addition, the latency time of the step-down test decreased in BDL-vs. sham-operated group, showing impairment of memory in BDL mice. The results of this study support the evidence that (1) the opioidergic system involved in thermoregulation of cholestasis mice, (2) μ-opioid receptors play an important role in withdrawal behaviors, and (3) memory process is affected by cholestasis and addiction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Issazadeh
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Rezaei
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khakpai
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Hippocampal µ-opioid receptors on GABAergic neurons mediate stress-induced impairment of memory retrieval. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:977-992. [PMID: 31142818 PMCID: PMC7192851 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Stressful life events induce abnormalities in emotional and cognitive behaviour. The endogenous opioid system plays an essential role in stress adaptation and coping strategies. In particular, the µ-opioid receptor (μR), one of the major opioid receptors, strongly influences memory processing in that alterations in μR signalling are associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders. However, it remains unclear whether μR signalling contributes to memory impairments induced by acute stress. Here, we utilized pharmacological methods and cell-type-selective/non-cell-type-selective μR depletion approaches combined with behavioural tests, biochemical analyses, and in vitro electrophysiological recordings to investigate the role of hippocampal μR signalling in memory-retrieval impairment induced by acute elevated platform (EP) stress in mice. Biochemical and molecular analyses revealed that hippocampal μRs were significantly activated during acute stress. Blockage of hippocampal μRs, non-selective deletion of μRs or selective deletion of μRs on GABAergic neurons (μRGABA) reversed EP-stress-induced impairment of memory retrieval, with no effect on the elevation of serum corticosterone after stress. Electrophysiological results demonstrated that stress depressed hippocampal GABAergic synaptic transmission to CA1 pyramidal neurons, thereby leading to excitation/inhibition (E/I) imbalance in a μRGABA-dependent manner. Pharmaceutically enhancing hippocampal GABAA receptor-mediated inhibitory currents in stressed mice restored their memory retrieval, whereas inhibiting those currents in the unstressed mice mimicked the stress-induced impairment of memory retrieval. Our findings reveal a novel pathway in which endogenous opioids recruited by acute stress predominantly activate μRGABA to depress GABAergic inhibitory effects on CA1 pyramidal neurons, which subsequently alters the E/I balance in the hippocampus and results in impairment of memory retrieval.
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Hassan Z, Suhaimi FW, Ramanathan S, Ling KH, Effendy MA, Müller CP, Dringenberg HC. Mitragynine (Kratom) impairs spatial learning and hippocampal synaptic transmission in rats. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:908-918. [PMID: 31081443 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119844186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitragynine is the major alkaloid of Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) or Kratom, a psychoactive plant widely abused in Southeast Asia. While addictive effects of the substance are emerging, adverse cognitive effects of this drug and neuropharmacological actions are insufficiently understood. AIMS In the present study, we investigated the effects of mitragynine on spatial learning and synaptic transmission in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats received daily (for 12 days) training sessions in the Morris water maze, with each session followed by treatment either with mitragynine (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg; intraperitoneally), morphine (5 mg/kg; intraperitoneally) or a vehicle. In the second experiment, we recorded field excitatory postsynaptic potentials in the hippocampal CA1 area in anesthetized rats and assessed the effects of mitragynine on baseline synaptic transmission, paired-pulse facilitation, and long-term potentiation. Gene expression of major memory- and addiction-related genes was investigated and the effects of mitragynine on Ca2+ influx was also examined in cultured primary neurons from E16-E18 rats. RESULTS/OUTCOMES Escape latency results indicate that animals treated with mitragynine displayed a slower rate of acquisition as compared to their control counterparts. Further, mitragynine treatment significantly reduced the amplitude of baseline (i.e. non-potentiated) field excitatory postsynaptic potentials and resulted in a minor suppression of long-term potentiation in CA1. Bdnf and αCaMKII mRNA expressions in the brain were not affected and Ca2+ influx elicited by glutamate application was inhibited in neurons pre-treated with mitragynine. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These data suggest that high doses of mitragynine (5 and 10 mg/kg) cause memory deficits, possibly via inhibition of Ca2+ influx and disruption of hippocampal synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zurina Hassan
- 1 Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Farah W Suhaimi
- 1 Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Surash Ramanathan
- 1 Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - King-Hwa Ling
- 2 Department of Biomedical Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad A Effendy
- 1 Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Christian P Müller
- 3 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans C Dringenberg
- 4 Department of Psychology and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Zhu Z, Ye Z, Wang H, Hua T, Wen Q, Zhang C. Theta-gamma coupling in the prelimbic area is associated with heroin addiction. Neurosci Lett 2019; 701:26-31. [PMID: 30769004 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is implicated in the regulation of drug-seeking behavior, but the specific contributions of the mPFC prelimbic (PL) subdivision and the precise mechanisms underlying heroin abuse remain largely unclear. In the present study, we examined changes in the rhythmic ensemble activity of PL neurons after induction of heroin addiction in rats. Rats were injected daily with saline (control group) or heroin (addiction group) in the light chamber of a light-dark shuttle box, and a video tracking system was used to measure conditioned place preference (CPP) as a sign of addiction. A wireless telemetry system was used to record local field potentials (LFPs) from the PL area during expression of CPP. Before treatment, there was no difference in CPP between groups (P > 0.05). However, rats in the experimental group exhibited significant CPP (P < 0.05) in the light chamber after heroin treatment compared to before treatment and compared to control rats. During CPP, addicted rats demonstrated substantial alterations in relative θ and γ frequency band power (Ps < 0.05); moreover, the θ wave alteration was strongly coupled to γ waves in heat map analyses (P < 0.05). Collectively, these findings implicate heroin-induced alterations in PL area neural activity and θ-γ coupling in heroin addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiman Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; Department of Physiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Zheng Ye
- Department of Physiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Physiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Tianmiao Hua
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Qingyun Wen
- Department of Psychology & Key Laboratory of Psychological Assessment and Rehabilitation for Exceptional Children, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China
| | - Changzheng Zhang
- Department of Psychology & Key Laboratory of Psychological Assessment and Rehabilitation for Exceptional Children, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China.
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Sharifi KA, Rezayof A, Torkaman-Boutorabi A, Zarrindast MR. The major neurotransmitter systems in the basolateral amygdala and the ventral tegmental area mediate morphine-induced memory consolidation impairment. Neuroscience 2017; 353:7-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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8
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Yang S, Feng T, Li D, Wen D, Yang C, Ma C, Cong B. CCK-8 Inhibits Acute Morphine-induced Spatial Reference Memory Impairment in Mice. Int J Pept Res Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-016-9568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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McKinnon MC, Boyd JE, Frewen PA, Lanius UF, Jetly R, Richardson JD, Lanius RA. A review of the relation between dissociation, memory, executive functioning and social cognition in military members and civilians with neuropsychiatric conditions. Neuropsychologia 2016; 90:210-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Role of dorsal hippocampal orexin-1 receptors in memory restoration induced by morphine sensitization phenomenon. Neuroscience 2015; 312:215-26. [PMID: 26592714 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study was examined the blockade of CA1 orexin-1 receptors (OX1Rs) of the dorsal hippocampus in the induction or expression phase on morphine sensitization-induced memory restoration using the Morris water maze (MWM) apparatus. Results showed that pre-training administration of morphine (5mg/kg, s.c.) increases escape latency and traveled distance, while does not alter swimming speed. This supports the impairing effect of morphine on the spatial memory acquisition in male adult rats. Also, in the retrieval session (probe trial) this treatment decreased the time spent in the target quadrant. Moreover, morphine-induced sensitization (15 or 20mg/kg, s.c.; once daily for 3days and followed by 5days no drug treatment) restored the memory acquisition/retrieval deficit which had been induced by pre-training administration of morphine (5mg/kg, s.c.). Intra-CA1 microinjection of subthreshold doses of SB-334867 (OX1Rs antagonist; 10, 20 and 40nmol/rat), 5min before morphine (20mg/kg/day×3days, s.c.; induction phase for morphine sensitization) did not alter restoration of memory acquisition/retrieval produced by the morphine sensitization phenomenon. In contrast, microinjection of subthreshold doses of SB-334867 (10, 20 and 40nmol/rat) into the CA1 region in the training session, 5min prior to morphine (5mg/kg, s.c.; expression phase for morphine sensitization) blocked the spatial memory acquisition/retrieval in morphine-sensitized rats. In conclusion, these findings show that morphine sensitization reverses morphine-induced amnesia. Furthermore, the blockade of CA1 OX1Rs in the expression phase, but not in the induction phase, disrupts memory restoration induced by morphine sensitization.
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Kitanaka J, Kitanaka N, Hall FS, Fujii M, Goto A, Kanda Y, Koizumi A, Kuroiwa H, Mibayashi S, Muranishi Y, Otaki S, Sumikawa M, Tanaka KI, Nishiyama N, Uhl GR, Takemura M. Memory impairment and reduced exploratory behavior in mice after administration of systemic morphine. J Exp Neurosci 2015; 9:27-35. [PMID: 25987850 PMCID: PMC4428380 DOI: 10.4137/jen.s25057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of morphine were examined on tests of spatial memory, object exploration, locomotion, and anxiety in male ICR mice. Administration of morphine (15 or 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) induced a significant decrease in Y-maze alternations compared to saline vehicle-treated mice. The reduced Y-maze alternations induced by morphine were completely blocked by naloxone (15 mg/kg) or β-funaltrexamine (5 mg/kg) but not by norbinaltorphimine (5 mg/kg) or naltrindole (5 mg/kg), suggesting that the morphine-induced spatial memory impairment was mediated predominantly by μ-opioid receptors (MOPs). Significant spatial memory retrieval impairments were observed in the Morris water maze (MWM) in mice treated with morphine (15 mg/kg) or scopolamine (1 mg/kg), but not with naloxone or morphine plus naloxone. Reduced exploratory time was observed in mice after administration of morphine (15 mg/kg), in a novel-object exploration test, without any changes in locomotor activity. No anxiolytic-like behavior was observed in morphine-treated mice in the elevated plus maze. A significant reduction in buried marbles was observed in morphine-treated mice measured in the marble-burying test, which was blocked by naloxone. These observations suggest that morphine induces impairments in spatial short-term memory and retrieval, and reduces exploratory behavior, but that these effects are not because of overall changes in locomotion or anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Kitanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Nobue Kitanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - F Scott Hall
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Mei Fujii
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akiko Goto
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kanda
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akira Koizumi
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Satoko Mibayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yumi Muranishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Soichiro Otaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Minako Sumikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Koh-Ichi Tanaka
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Nishiyama
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan. ; The Office of the Dean, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
| | - George R Uhl
- Molecular Neurobiology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Henderson YO, Victoria NC, Inoue K, Murphy AZ, Parent MB. Early life inflammatory pain induces long-lasting deficits in hippocampal-dependent spatial memory in male and female rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2014; 118:30-41. [PMID: 25451312 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present experiment tested the hypothesis that neonatal injury disrupts adult hippocampal functioning and that normal aging or chronic stress during adulthood, which are known to have a negative impact on hippocampal function, exacerbate these effects. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were given an intraplantar injection of the inflammatory agent carrageenan (1%) on the day of birth and their memory was tested in the hippocampal-dependent spatial water maze in adulthood and again in middle age. We found that neonatal injury impaired hippocampal-dependent memory in adulthood, that the effects of injury on memory were more pronounced in middle-aged male rats, and that chronic stress accelerated the onset of these memory deficits. Neonatal injury also decreased glucocorticoid receptor mRNA in the dorsal CA1 area of middle-aged rats, a brain region critical for spatial memory. Morphine administration at the time of injury completely reversed injury-induced memory deficits, but neonatal morphine treatments in the absence of injury produced significant memory impairments in adulthood. Collectively, these findings are consistent with our hypothesis that neonatal injury produces long-lasting disruption in adult hippocampal functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko O Henderson
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5030, Atlanta, GA 30302-5030, United States.
| | - Nicole C Victoria
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5030, Atlanta, GA 30302-5030, United States.
| | - Kiyoshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Center, Emory University School of Medicine, 954 Gatewood Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Center, Emory University School of Medicine, 954 Gatewood Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - Anne Z Murphy
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5030, Atlanta, GA 30302-5030, United States.
| | - Marise B Parent
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5030, Atlanta, GA 30302-5030, United States; Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5010, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, United States.
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Tirgar F, Rezayof A, Zarrindast MR. Central amygdala nicotinic and 5-HT1A receptors mediate the reversal effect of nicotine and MDMA on morphine-induced amnesia. Neuroscience 2014; 277:392-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Loh RM, Galvez R. Opioid antagonism impairs acquisition of forebrain-dependent trace-associative learning: An eyeblink conditioning analysis. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 118:46-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rezai X, Kieffer BL, Roux MJ, Massotte D. Delta opioid receptors regulate temporoammonic-activated feedforward inhibition to the mouse CA1 hippocampus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79081. [PMID: 24260157 PMCID: PMC3829835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The opioid system influences learning and memory processes. However, neural mechanisms underlying the modulation of hippocampal activity by opioid receptors remain largely unknown. Here, we compared how mu and delta receptors operate within the mouse CA1 network, and used knock-in mice expressing functional delta opioid receptors fused to the green fluorescent protein (DOR-eGFP) to determine how delta opioid receptor-expressing interneurons integrate within the hippocampal circuitry. Through whole cell patch-clamp recording of CA1 pyramidal neurons from wild-type and DOR-eGFP mice, we found that mu and delta receptors both modulate spontaneous GABAergic inhibition received by these cells. Interestingly, mu but not delta receptor activation decreased the feed-forward inhibitory input evoked by Schaffer collateral stimulation. However, mu and delta agonists modulated GABAergic feed-forward inhibition when evoked upon stimulation of the temporoammonic pathway. In addition, anterograde tracing using biotinylated dextran amine injected into the entorhinal cortex of DOR-eGFP mice suggests the existence of synaptic contacts between temporoammonic afferents and delta receptor-expressing interneurons processes in CA1. Altogether, our data demonstrate a distinct modulatory role of the hippocampal network activity by mu and delta opioid receptors, and show for the first time that delta receptor-expressing interneurons in the CA1 are recruited by the temporoammonic pathway rather than the Schaffer collateral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Rezai
- Department of Neurogenetics and Translational Medicine, IGBMC, Illkirch, France
| | - Brigitte L. Kieffer
- Department of Neurogenetics and Translational Medicine, IGBMC, Illkirch, France
| | - Michel J. Roux
- Department of Neurogenetics and Translational Medicine, IGBMC, Illkirch, France
| | - Dominique Massotte
- Department of Neurogenetics and Translational Medicine, IGBMC, Illkirch, France
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Effects of morphine on associative memory and locomotor activity in the honeybee (Apis mellifera). Neurosci Bull 2013; 29:270-8. [PMID: 23385387 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-013-1308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine can modulate the processes underlying memory in vertebrates. However, studies have shown various modulations by morphine: positive, negative and even neutral. The honeybee is a potential platform for evaluating the effects of drugs, especially addictive drugs, on the nervous system. However, the involvement of morphine in learning and memory in insects or other invertebrates is poorly understood. The current work evaluated whether morphine affects memory acquisition, consolidation and retrieval in honeybees, using the proboscis extension response (PER) paradigm. We demonstrated that morphine treatment (5 μg/bee) before training decreased the percentage of correct PERs and the response latency related to aversive rather than rewarding odors when tested after 1 or 24 h. Morphine treatment after training also caused a decrease in this latency when tested after 24 h. Meanwhile, morphine treatment reduced the ambulation distance when tested after 30 min. Our findings suggest that morphine impairs the acquisition of short- and long-term associative memory and slightly disrupts the consolidation of long-term memory in honeybees. These negative effects cannot be explained by reduced locomotion but by impaired memory associated with aversion.
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-fourth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2011 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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