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Mejía-Méndez JL, Sánchez-Ante G, Minutti-Calva Y, Schürenkämper-Carrillo K, Navarro-López DE, Buendía-Corona RE, González-Chávez MDCÁ, Sánchez-López AL, Lozada-Ramírez JD, Sánchez-Arreola E, López-Mena ER. Kalanchoe tomentosa: Phytochemical Profiling, and Evaluation of Its Biological Activities In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1051. [PMID: 39204156 PMCID: PMC11357309 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, the leaves of K. tomentosa were macerated with hexane, chloroform, and methanol, respectively. The phytochemical profiles of hexane and chloroform extracts were unveiled using GC/MS, whereas the chemical composition of the methanol extract was analyzed using UPLC/MS/MS. The antibacterial activity of extracts was determined against gram-positive and gram-negative strains through the minimal inhibitory concentration assay, and in silico studies were implemented to analyze the interaction of phytoconstituents with bacterial peptides. The antioxidant property of extracts was assessed by evaluating their capacity to scavenge DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 radicals. The toxicity of the extracts was recorded against Artemia salina nauplii and Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes. Results demonstrate that the hexane and chloroform extracts contain phytosterols, triterpenes, and fatty acids, whereas the methanol extract possesses glycosidic derivatives of quercetin and kaempferol together with sesquiterpene lactones. The antibacterial performance of extracts against the cultured strains was appraised as weak due to their MIC90 values (>500 μg/mL). As antioxidants, treatment with extracts executed high and moderate antioxidant activities within the range of 50-300 μg/mL. Extracts did not decrease the viability of A. salina, but they exerted a high toxic effect against C. elegans during exposure to treatment. Through in silico modeling, it was recorded that the flavonoids contained in the methanol extract can hamper the interaction of the NAM/NAG peptide, which is of great interest since it determines the formation of the peptide wall of gram-positive bacteria. This study reports for the first time the biological activities and phytochemical content of extracts from K. tomentosa and proposes a possible antibacterial mechanism of glycosidic derivatives of flavonoids against gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Mejía-Méndez
- Programa de Edafología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carr. México Texcoco km 36.4, Montecillo 56230, Mexico; (J.L.M.-M.); (M.d.C.Á.G.-C.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico; (Y.M.-C.); (K.S.-C.); (R.E.B.-C.)
| | - Gildardo Sánchez-Ante
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Gral. Ramón Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan 45121, Jalisco, Mexico; (G.S.-A.); (D.E.N.-L.); (A.L.S.-L.)
| | - Yulianna Minutti-Calva
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico; (Y.M.-C.); (K.S.-C.); (R.E.B.-C.)
| | - Karen Schürenkämper-Carrillo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico; (Y.M.-C.); (K.S.-C.); (R.E.B.-C.)
| | - Diego E. Navarro-López
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Gral. Ramón Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan 45121, Jalisco, Mexico; (G.S.-A.); (D.E.N.-L.); (A.L.S.-L.)
| | - Ricardo E. Buendía-Corona
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico; (Y.M.-C.); (K.S.-C.); (R.E.B.-C.)
| | - Ma. del Carmen Ángeles González-Chávez
- Programa de Edafología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carr. México Texcoco km 36.4, Montecillo 56230, Mexico; (J.L.M.-M.); (M.d.C.Á.G.-C.)
| | - Angélica Lizeth Sánchez-López
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Gral. Ramón Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan 45121, Jalisco, Mexico; (G.S.-A.); (D.E.N.-L.); (A.L.S.-L.)
| | - J. Daniel Lozada-Ramírez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico; (Y.M.-C.); (K.S.-C.); (R.E.B.-C.)
| | - Eugenio Sánchez-Arreola
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico; (Y.M.-C.); (K.S.-C.); (R.E.B.-C.)
| | - Edgar R. López-Mena
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Gral. Ramón Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan 45121, Jalisco, Mexico; (G.S.-A.); (D.E.N.-L.); (A.L.S.-L.)
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Wiczkowski W, Saniewski M, Marasek-Ciołakowska A, Góraj-Koniarska J, Mitrus J, Horbowicz M. Exposure to Light of the Abaxial versus Adaxial Side of Detached Kalanchoë blossfeldiana Leaves Affects Anthocyanin Content and Composition Differently. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2875. [PMID: 38474120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The accumulation and composition of anthocyanins in leaves of Kalanchoë blossfeldiana, detached and kept for five days under natural light conditions, were investigated. The presence of fifteen derivatives of cyanidin, petunidin, and delphinidin was found. Changes in the content of each anthocyanin in the leaves before and after exposure to light on the abaxial (naturally upper) and adaxial (naturally lower) sides of the leaves were compared. When the adaxial side was exposed to light, the anthocyanin contents of the leaves did not change. In contrast, when the abaxial side of detached leaves was exposed to light, there was enhanced accumulation of delphinidin-rhamnoside-glucoside, cyanidin-rhamnoside-glucoside, cyanidin-glucoside-glucoside, and two unknown derivatives of petunidin and delphinidin. Application of methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) on the abaxial side exposed to light inhibited the accumulation of these anthocyanins. This effect could probably be due to the presence of these anthocyanins in the epidermal cells of K. blossfeldiana leaves and was visible in the microscopic view of its cross-section. These anthocyanins were directly exposed to JA-Me, leading to inhibition of their formation and/or accumulation. The lack of significant effects of JA-Me on anthocyanin mono- and tri-glycosides may indicate that they are mainly present in the mesophyll tissue of the leaf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiesław Wiczkowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marian Saniewski
- The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
| | | | - Justyna Góraj-Koniarska
- The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
| | - Joanna Mitrus
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Siedlce, Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Marcin Horbowicz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Coyago-Cruz E, Moya M, Méndez G, Villacís M, Rojas-Silva P, Corell M, Mapelli-Brahm P, Vicario IM, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Exploring Plants with Flowers: From Therapeutic Nutritional Benefits to Innovative Sustainable Uses. Foods 2023; 12:4066. [PMID: 38002124 PMCID: PMC10671036 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Flowers have played a significant role in society, focusing on their aesthetic value rather than their food potential. This study's goal was to look into flowering plants for everything from health benefits to other possible applications. This review presents detailed information on 119 species of flowers with agri-food and health relevance. Data were collected on their family, species, common name, commonly used plant part, bioremediation applications, main chemical compounds, medicinal and gastronomic uses, and concentration of bioactive compounds such as carotenoids and phenolic compounds. In this respect, 87% of the floral species studied contain some toxic compounds, sometimes making them inedible, but specific molecules from these species have been used in medicine. Seventy-six percent can be consumed in low doses by infusion. In addition, 97% of the species studied are reported to have medicinal uses (32% immune system), and 63% could be used in the bioremediation of contaminated environments. Significantly, more than 50% of the species were only analysed for total concentrations of carotenoids and phenolic compounds, indicating a significant gap in identifying specific molecules of these bioactive compounds. These potential sources of bioactive compounds could transform the health and nutraceutical industries, offering innovative approaches to combat oxidative stress and promote optimal well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Coyago-Cruz
- Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Sede Quito, Campus El Girón, Av. 12 de Octubre N2422 y Wilson, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Melany Moya
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Carrera de Obstetricia, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Iquique, Luis Sodiro N14-121, Quito 170146, Ecuador
| | - Gabriela Méndez
- Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Sede Quito, Campus El Girón, Av. 12 de Octubre N2422 y Wilson, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Michael Villacís
- Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Sede Quito, Campus El Girón, Av. 12 de Octubre N2422 y Wilson, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Patricio Rojas-Silva
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Mireia Corell
- Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad de Sevilla, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Unidad Asociada al CSIC de Uso Sostenible del Suelo y el Agua en la Agricultura (US-IRNAS), Crta. de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (A.J.M.-M.)
| | - Isabel M. Vicario
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (A.J.M.-M.)
| | - Antonio J. Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (A.J.M.-M.)
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Assis de Andrade E, Machinski I, Terso Ventura AC, Barr SA, Pereira AV, Beltrame FL, Strangman WK, Williamson RT. A Review of the Popular Uses, Anatomical, Chemical, and Biological Aspects of Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae): A Genus of Plants Known as "Miracle Leaf". Molecules 2023; 28:5574. [PMID: 37513446 PMCID: PMC10383218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Species of the genus Kalanchoe have a long history of therapeutic use in ethnomedicine linked to their remarkable healing properties. Several species have chemical and anatomical similarities, often leading to confusion when they are used in folk medicine. This review aims to provide an overview and discussion of the reported traditional uses, botanical aspects, chemical constituents, and pharmacological potential of the Kalanchoe species. Published scientific materials were collected from the PubMed and SciFinder databases without restriction regarding the year of publication through April 2023. Ethnopharmacological knowledge suggests that these species have been used to treat infections, inflammation, injuries, and other disorders. Typically, all parts of the plant are used for medicinal purposes either as crude extract or juice. Botanical evaluation can clarify species differentiation and can enable correct identification and validation of the scientific data. Flavonoids are the most common classes of secondary metabolites identified from Kalanchoe species and can be correlated with some biological studies (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potential). This review summarizes several topics related to the Kalanchoe genus, supporting future studies regarding other unexplored research areas. The need to conduct further studies to confirm the popular uses and biological activities of bioactive compounds is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Assis de Andrade
- Pharmaceutical Science Graduate Program, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Isadora Machinski
- Pharmaceutical Science Graduate Program, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Terso Ventura
- Pharmaceutical Science Graduate Program, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Sarah Ainslie Barr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28409, USA
| | - Airton Vicente Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Science Graduate Program, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Flávio Luís Beltrame
- Pharmaceutical Science Graduate Program, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Wendy Karen Strangman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28409, USA
| | - Robert Thomas Williamson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28409, USA
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Stefanowicz-Hajduk J, Hering A, Kowalczyk M, Hałasa R, Gucwa M, Ochocka JR. Kalanchoe sp. Extracts-Phytochemistry, Cytotoxic, and Antimicrobial Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2268. [PMID: 37375893 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Kalanchoe species are succulents occurring in tropical regions. They have many biological and pharmacological properties. In this study, the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of water and dichloromethane Kalanchoe fractions obtained from ethanol extracts of three Kalanchoe species-K. daigremontiana, K. pinnata, and K. blossfeldiana were estimated. The cytotoxic effect was assessed on human cancer cell lines-ovarian SKOV-3, cervical HeLa, breast MCF-7, and melanoma A375-by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The antimicrobial activity was estimated on selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains and on Candida albicans. The phytochemical analysis of selected Kalanchoe extracts was conducted by LC-QTOF-MS. The obtained results showed that the water fraction of K. blossfeldiana was active both on the tested cancer cells (IC50 values were 28.28 ± 2.76 and 32.51 ± 0.69 µg/mL on HeLa and SKOV-3, respectively) and bacteria strains (MIC values were 16 and 32 µg/mL on S. epidermidis and S. aureus, respectively). The water fraction of K. pinnata also had a significant effect on S. epidermidis and S. aureus, with MIC values of 32 and 64 µg/mL, respectively. The water fraction of K. blossfeldiana triggered a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase in the SKOV-3 and HeLa cells. This fraction did not significantly increase cellular oxidative stress level. The DPPH and ABTS assays revealed that the water fraction of K. blossfeldiana had a strong antioxidant effect (IC50 was 9.44 ± 0.06 and 3.17 ± 0.1 µg/mL, respectively). The phytochemical analysis of the extracts of K. blossfeldiana and K. pinnata revealed the presence of at least 218 main components. The most frequently occurring were flavonol glycosides (31 metabolites), phenylpropanoids (13 metabolites), gallic acid derivatives (13 compounds), benzoic acid derived compounds (14 metabolites), and acyclic alcohol glycosides (16 compounds). In addition, proanthocyanidins were detected mainly in K. blossfeldiana. The study indicates that the water fraction of K. blossfeldiana has significant biological potential and can be further investigated towards anticancer and antimicrobial application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Hering
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kowalczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Rafał Hałasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gucwa
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - J Renata Ochocka
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
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Bioactive Compounds from Kalanchoe Genus Potentially Useful for the Development of New Drugs. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030646. [PMID: 36983802 PMCID: PMC10058616 DOI: 10.3390/life13030646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae) is native to Madagascar and comprises 145 species, being naturalized in the tropics and cultivated worldwide. In addition to having ornamental value, several Kalanchoe species are commonly used in popular medicine for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, wounds, gastric ulcers, and other diseases. The great importance of the genus is reflected on its acknowledgment by traditional and alternative health systems and organizations, as well as on the growing number of papers reporting pharmacological properties of extracts and isolated compounds from Kalanchoe. Among these properties, we highlight anti-inflammatory, antitumor, wound healing, antiulcer, and muscle relaxing properties. These activities are attributed mostly to flavonoids and bufadienolides, the main secondary metabolites reported in Kalanchoe extracts. While bufadienolides are generally related to cytotoxic and muscle relaxing activities, flavonoids are commonly reported as anti-inflammatory and wound healing agents. This review provides up to date information and perspectives on bioactive compounds from the Kalanchoe genus that are potentially useful for the development of new drugs. It includes not only a discussion on the advantages of the Kalanchoe species as source of bioactive compounds, but also the gaps, opportunities, and challenges to translate the acquired knowledge into innovation for drug development.
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Li P, Sun H, Li W, Wu Q, Ye S, Zhu J, Ding Y. Isolation and purification of 12 flavonoid glycosides from Ginkgo biloba extract using sephadex LH-20 and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:73-81. [PMID: 36351234 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2022-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and rapid preparative method for the separation and purification of flavonoid glycosides from the Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) was developed by sephadex LH-20 and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 40 g GBE of 24% flavonoids were loaded onto the sephadex LH-20 column and five fractions (1.15, 2.57, 1.32, 4.45, and 3.31 g) at flavonoid content of 72.3, 54.2, 63.5, 51.2, and 59.2% were produced. Ultimately, 12 flavonoid glycosides that are at least purities of 97.7% were obtained from 100 mg of each fraction by preparative HPLC. The fraction A, B, and D each contained two flavonoids, yielded 35, 30, 23, 20, 25, and 25 mg, respectively. The fraction C and E each contained three flavonoids, produced 20, 13, 15, 18, 15, and 20 mg, respectively. The chemical structures of the purified compounds were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China
| | - Hao Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China.,Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Wei Li
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, 41062, South Korea
| | - Qi Wu
- China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Shuhong Ye
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China
| | - Jingbo Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China.,Institute of Chemistry and Applications of Plant Resources, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China
| | - Yan Ding
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China
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Hernández-Caballero ME, Sierra-Ramírez JA, Villalobos-Valencia R, Seseña-Méndez E. Potential of Kalanchoe pinnata as a Cancer Treatment Adjuvant and an Epigenetic Regulator. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196425. [PMID: 36234962 PMCID: PMC9573125 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a global public health problem that is related to different environmental and lifestyle factors. Although the combination of screening, prevention, and treatment of cancer has resulted in increased patient survival, conventional treatments sometimes have therapeutic limitations such as resistance to drugs or severe side effects. Oriental culture includes herbal medicine as a complementary therapy in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. This study aimed to identify the bioactive ingredients in Kalanchoe pinnata, a succulent herb with ethnomedical applications for several diseases, including cancer, and reveal its anticancer mechanisms through a molecular approach. The herb contains gallic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, quercetin, quercitrin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, bersaldegenin, bryophyllin a, bryophyllin c, bryophynol, bryophyllol and bryophollone, stigmasterol, campesterol, and other elements. Its phytochemicals participate in the regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, cell migration, angiogenesis, metastasis, oxidative stress, and autophagy. They have the potential to act as epigenetic drugs by reverting the acquired epigenetic changes associated with tumor resistance to therapy-such as the promoter methylation of suppressor genes, inhibition of DNMT1 and DNMT3b activity, and HDAC regulation-through methylation, thereby regulating the expression of genes involved in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Nrf2/Keap1, MEK/ERK, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. All of the data support the use of K. pinnata as an adjuvant in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Elena Hernández-Caballero
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Biomedicina, 13 sur 2702 Col. Volcanes, Puebla C.P. 72410, Mexico
- Correspondence: or
| | - José Alfredo Sierra-Ramírez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón Esq. Plan de San Luis S/N, Miguel Hidalgo, Casco de Santo Tomas, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Villalobos-Valencia
- UMAE Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Cd México C.P. 06725, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Seseña-Méndez
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Biomedicina, 13 sur 2702 Col. Volcanes, Puebla C.P. 72410, Mexico
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Cao H, Li H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Lu L, Li S, Tao X, Zhu W, Wang J, Ma L. Insight into the molecular mechanisms of leaf coloration in Cymbidium ensifolium. Front Genet 2022; 13:923082. [PMID: 36035180 PMCID: PMC9413228 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.923082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cymbidiumensifolium L. is a significant ornamental plant in Orchidaceae. Aside from its attractive flowers, its leaf coloration is also an important ornamental trait. However, there is an apparent lack of studies concerning the intricate mechanism of leaf coloration in C. ensifolium. In this study, we report a systematic evaluation of leaf coloration utilizing transcriptome and metabolome profiles of purple, yellow, and green leaves. In total, 40 anthocyanins and 67 flavonoids were quantified along with chlorophyll content. The tissue–transcriptome profile identified 26,499 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The highest chlorophyll contents were identified in green leaves, followed by yellow and purple leaves. We identified key anthocyanins and flavonoids associated with leaf coloration, including cyanidin-3-O-sophoroside, naringenin-7-O-glucoside, delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, and quercetin, diosmetin, sinensetin, and naringenin chalcone. Moreover, genes encoding UDP-glucoronosyl, UDP-glucosyl transferase, chalcone synthesis, flavodoxin, cytochrome P450, and AMP-binding enzyme were identified as key structural genes affecting leaf coloration in C. ensifolium. In summary, copigmentation resulting from several key metabolites modulated by structural genes was identified as governing leaf coloration in C. ensifolium. Further functional verification of the identified DEGs and co-accumulation of metabolites can provide a tool to modify leaf color and improve the aesthetic value of C. ensifolium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cao
- Flower Research Institute Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
| | - Han Li
- Flower Research Institute Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Fujian Forestry Science and Technology Experimental Center, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Yunnan Agricultural University College of Horticulture and Landscape, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Flower Research Institute Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
| | - Shenchong Li
- Flower Research Institute Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
| | - Xiang Tao
- Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
| | - WeiYin Zhu
- Fujian Forestry Science and Technology Experimental Center, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Jihua Wang
- Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Lulin Ma, ; Jihua Wang,
| | - Lulin Ma
- Flower Research Institute Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Lulin Ma, ; Jihua Wang,
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10
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Melchor-Martínez EM, Tamez-Fernández JF, González-González GM, Silva-Mares DA, Waksman-Minsky N, Pérez-López LA, Rivas-Galindo VM. Active Flavonoids from Colubrina greggii var. greggii S. Watson against Clinical Isolates of Candida spp. Molecules 2021; 26:5760. [PMID: 34641305 PMCID: PMC8510013 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most commonly implicated agent in invasive human fungal infections. The disease could be presented as minimal symptomatic candidemia or can be fulminant sepsis. Candidemia is associated with a high rate of mortality and high healthcare and hospitalization costs. The surveillance programs have reported the distribution of other Candida species reflecting the trends and antifungal susceptibilities. Previous studies have demonstrated that C. glabrata more frequently presents fluconazole-resistant strains. Extracts from Mexican plants have been reported with activity against pulmonary mycosis, among them Colubrina greggii. In the present study, extracts from the aerial parts (leaves, flowers, and fruits) of this plant were evaluated against clinical isolates of several species of Candida (C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, and C. tropicalis) by the broth microdilution assay. Through bioassay-guided fractionation, three antifungal glycosylated flavonoids were isolated and characterized. The isolated compounds showed antifungal activity only against C. glabrata resistant to fluconazole, and were non-toxic toward brine shrimp lethality bioassay and in vitro Vero cell line assay. The ethyl acetate and butanol extracts, as well as the fractions containing the mixture of flavonoids, were more active against Candida spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elda M. Melchor-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (J.F.T.-F.); (D.A.S.-M.); (N.W.-M.); (L.A.P.-L.)
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Juan F. Tamez-Fernández
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (J.F.T.-F.); (D.A.S.-M.); (N.W.-M.); (L.A.P.-L.)
| | - Gloria María González-González
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico;
| | - David A. Silva-Mares
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (J.F.T.-F.); (D.A.S.-M.); (N.W.-M.); (L.A.P.-L.)
| | - Noemí Waksman-Minsky
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (J.F.T.-F.); (D.A.S.-M.); (N.W.-M.); (L.A.P.-L.)
| | - Luis Alejandro Pérez-López
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (J.F.T.-F.); (D.A.S.-M.); (N.W.-M.); (L.A.P.-L.)
| | - Verónica M. Rivas-Galindo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (J.F.T.-F.); (D.A.S.-M.); (N.W.-M.); (L.A.P.-L.)
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11
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Affes S, Ben Younes A, Frikha D, Allouche N, Treilhou M, Tene N, Mezghani-Jarraya R. ESI-MS/MS Analysis of Phenolic Compounds from Aeonium arboreum Leaf Extracts and Evaluation of their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144338. [PMID: 34299613 PMCID: PMC8306197 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeonium is a genus of succulents belonging to the Crassulaceae family. Their importance in traditional medicine has stimulated both pharmacological and chemical research. In this study, we optimized extraction, separation, and analytical conditions using a high performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry by the negative mode (HPLC-ESI-MS) in order to, for the first time, determine thirty-four compounds from Aeonium arboreum leaves. Twenty-one of them are assigned among which are sixteen flavonoids and five phenolic acids. FRAP, TAC, DPPH, and ABTS•+ radical scavenging were used to evaluate antioxidant activity. The obtained IC50 values ranged from 0.031 to 0.043 mg.mL−1 for DPPH and between 0.048 and 0.09 mg·mL−1 for ABTS•+. Antimicrobial activity was also assessed. The obtained minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these extracts ranged from 12.5 to 50 µg·mL−1 against Micrococcus luteus, Listeria ivanovii, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium oxysporum, and from 25 to 50 µg·mL−1 against Candida albicans. Therefore, these extracts can be considered as a potential source of biological active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Affes
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.A.); (A.B.Y.); (N.A.)
| | - Amer Ben Younes
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.A.); (A.B.Y.); (N.A.)
| | - Donyez Frikha
- Unité Biodiversité et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques Environnementaux (UR11ES/72), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Noureddine Allouche
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.A.); (A.B.Y.); (N.A.)
| | - Michel Treilhou
- Equipe BTSB-EA 7417, Institut National Universitaire Jean-François Champollion, Université de Toulouse, Place de Verdun, 81012 Albi, France;
| | - Nathan Tene
- Equipe BTSB-EA 7417, Institut National Universitaire Jean-François Champollion, Université de Toulouse, Place de Verdun, 81012 Albi, France;
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (R.M.-J.)
| | - Raoudha Mezghani-Jarraya
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.A.); (A.B.Y.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (R.M.-J.)
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12
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García-Pérez P, Lozano-Milo E, Landin M, Gallego PP. From Ethnomedicine to Plant Biotechnology and Machine Learning: The Valorization of the Medicinal Plant Bryophyllum sp. PHARMACEUTICALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:ph13120444. [PMID: 33291844 PMCID: PMC7762000 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The subgenus Bryophyllum includes about 25 plant species native to Madagascar, and is widely used in traditional medicine worldwide. Different formulations from Bryophyllum have been employed for the treatment of several ailments, including infections, gynecological disorders, and chronic diseases, such as diabetes, neurological and neoplastic diseases. Two major families of secondary metabolites have been reported as responsible for these bioactivities: phenolic compounds and bufadienolides. These compounds are found in limited amounts in plants because they are biosynthesized in response to different biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, novel approaches should be undertaken with the aim of achieving the phytochemical valorization of Bryophyllum sp., allowing a sustainable production that prevents from a massive exploitation of wild plant resources. This review focuses on the study of phytoconstituents reported on Bryophyllum sp.; the application of plant tissue culture methodology as a reliable tool for the valorization of bioactive compounds; and the application of machine learning technology to model and optimize the full phytochemical potential of Bryophyllum sp. As a result, Bryophyllum species can be considered as a promising source of plant bioactive compounds, with enormous antioxidant and anticancer potential, which could be used for their large-scale biotechnological exploitation in cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascual García-Pérez
- Applied Plant & Soil Biology, Plant Biology and Soil Science Department, Biology Faculty, University of Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain; (P.G.-P.); (E.L.-M.)
- CITACA—Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Eva Lozano-Milo
- Applied Plant & Soil Biology, Plant Biology and Soil Science Department, Biology Faculty, University of Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain; (P.G.-P.); (E.L.-M.)
- CITACA—Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Mariana Landin
- Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Grupo I+D Farma (GI-1645), Pharmacy Faculty, University of Santiago, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pedro P. Gallego
- Applied Plant & Soil Biology, Plant Biology and Soil Science Department, Biology Faculty, University of Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain; (P.G.-P.); (E.L.-M.)
- CITACA—Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence:
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13
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Stefanowicz-Hajduk J, Hering A, Gucwa M, Hałasa R, Soluch A, Kowalczyk M, Stochmal A, Ochocka R. Biological activities of leaf extracts from selected Kalanchoe species and their relationship with bufadienolides content. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:732-740. [PMID: 32715869 PMCID: PMC7470146 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1795208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Kalanchoe species (Crassulaceae) are widely used in traditional medicine as remedies in infectious diseases and cancer treatment. OBJECTIVE Cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of Kalanchoe daigremontiana Raym.-Hamet & H. Perrier, K. pinnata (Lam.) Pers., and K. blossfeldiana Poelln. extracts were determined. The relationship between biological activities and the extracts bufadienolides content was also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fresh leaves of Kalanchoe species were macerated with 95% ethanol or water. The quantitative analysis of bufadienolides in the extracts was carried out with mass spectrometry. Cytotoxicity tests were performed on human cancer cell lines - HeLa, SKOV-3, MCF-7, and A375 by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and Real-Time Cell Analysis system. The microbiological study was done using a few bacteria strains (β-hemolytic Streptococcus, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus hirae, Escherichia coli) and Candida albicans. RESULTS The K. blossfeldiana ethanol extract and K. daigremontiana water extract exhibited the most potent cytotoxic activity (IC50 < 19 µg/mL for HeLa and SKOV-3 cells). The strongest antibacterial effects showed ethanol extract of K. blossfeldiana and K. pinnata (MIC values were 8.45, 8.45, 0.25 and <33.75 µg/mL for S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and E. hirae, respectively). The highest total amount of bufadienolides was in K. daigremontiana ethanol extract. In contrast, K. blossfeldiana ethanol extract did not show the presence of these compounds. CONCLUSIONS Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ethanol extract is a potential candidate for cancer and bacterial infection treatment. Additionally, the biological effects of Kalanchoe extracts are not dependent on the presence and amount of bufadienolides in the plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Hering
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gucwa
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rafał Hałasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agata Soluch
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kowalczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | - Anna Stochmal
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | - Renata Ochocka
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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14
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Morais Fernandes J, Ortiz S, Padilha M Tavares R, Mandova T, Rodrigues D Araújo E, L Andrade AW, Michel S, Grougnet R, Zucolotto SM. Bryophyllum pinnatum markers: CPC isolation, simultaneous quantification by a validated UPLC-DAD method and biological evaluations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 193:113682. [PMID: 33166841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken (Crassulaceae) is widely used as leaf juice or extracts in traditional medicine all over tropical areas, especially in Brazil, to relieve inflammation-associated symptoms. Flavonol glycosides with unusual sugar moiety are among the major metabolites. Nevertheless, there are not enough quality control studies that can contribute to authentication of B. pinnatum and determination of their markers. As it is also used as medicinal plant in several countries, it is necessary to provide data related to safety, efficacy and quality. In this context, this work aims to isolate the major flavonoids from B. pinnatum hydroethanolic extract, to validate a method to quantify the content of chemical markers and to evaluate their xanthine oxidase inhibition and antioxidant activity. The extract was submitted to centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). The solvents system CyHex-EtOAc-EtOH-H2O, 0.5:9:3:5.5, v/v/v/v was selected by shake-flask method. Four flavonoids (quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (3) and kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (4)) were isolated in a single and fast CPC run and their structures were confirmed by NMR analysis. An UPLC-DAD quantification method was established for the first time with validation of required parameters, according to RDC 166/2017. The calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficient ranging from 0.9996 to 0.9997 while the values of LOD (0.0077-1.984 ng.mL-1), LOQ (0.0263-6.012 ng.mL-1), recovery (≥ 80.7 %) and inter-day (%RSD ≤ 3.581) and intra-day precision (%RSD ≤ 2.628) were satisfactory. Quantitative analysis of these compounds showed that the proportion of 1, 2 and 3 were 2.43, 0.25 and 0.33 % (24.3 mg.g-1, 0.25 mg.g-1 and 0.33 mg.g-1 of extract), respectively. Moreover, in vitro xanthine oxidase (XO), DPPH and ABTS inhibition were evaluated for the extract and the major flavonoids. Compounds 2 (168 μM) and 3 (124 μM) moderately inhibited XO, while compounds 1 and 3 displayed average radical scavenging activity. In conclusion, our results suggest the flavonoid 1 as a specific marker which may be used for quality control of B. pinnatum hydroethanolic leaves extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Morais Fernandes
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59.012-570 Natal, Brazil
| | - Sergio Ortiz
- Equipe Produits Naturels, Analyse, Synthèse, UMR CNRS 8038, Faculté de Pharmacie, Equipe Produits Naturels, Analyse, Synthèse, UMR CNRS 8038, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Raquel Padilha M Tavares
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59.012-570 Natal, Brazil
| | - Tsvetelina Mandova
- Equipe Produits Naturels, Analyse, Synthèse, UMR CNRS 8038, Faculté de Pharmacie, Equipe Produits Naturels, Analyse, Synthèse, UMR CNRS 8038, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France; Gilson Purification SAS, Saint-Avé, France
| | - Edilane Rodrigues D Araújo
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59.012-570 Natal, Brazil
| | - Anderson Wilbur L Andrade
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59.012-570 Natal, Brazil
| | - Sylvie Michel
- Equipe Produits Naturels, Analyse, Synthèse, UMR CNRS 8038, Faculté de Pharmacie, Equipe Produits Naturels, Analyse, Synthèse, UMR CNRS 8038, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Grougnet
- Equipe Produits Naturels, Analyse, Synthèse, UMR CNRS 8038, Faculté de Pharmacie, Equipe Produits Naturels, Analyse, Synthèse, UMR CNRS 8038, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59.012-570 Natal, Brazil.
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Mekapogu M, Vasamsetti BMK, Kwon OK, Ahn MS, Lim SH, Jung JA. Anthocyanins in Floral Colors: Biosynthesis and Regulation in Chrysanthemum Flowers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186537. [PMID: 32906764 PMCID: PMC7554973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) is an economically important ornamental crop across the globe. As floral color is the major factor determining customer selection, manipulation of floral color has been a major objective for breeders. Anthocyanins are one of the main pigments contributing to a broad variety of colors in the ray florets of chrysanthemum. Manipulating petal pigments has resulted in the development of a vast range of floral colors. Although the candidate genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis have been well studied, the genetic and transcriptional control of floral color remains unclear. Despite advances in multi-omics technology, these methods remain in their infancy in chrysanthemum, owing to its large complex genome and hexaploidy. Hence, there is a need to further elucidate and better understand the genetic and molecular regulatory mechanisms in chrysanthemum, which can provide a basis for future advances in breeding for novel and diverse floral colors in this commercially beneficial crop. Therefore, this review describes the significance of anthocyanins in chrysanthemum flowers, and the mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis under genetic and environmental factors, providing insight into the development of novel colored ray florets. Genetic and molecular regulatory mechanisms that control anthocyanin biosynthesis and the various breeding efforts to modify floral color in chrysanthemum are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjulatha Mekapogu
- Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.M.); (O.-K.K.); (M.-S.A.)
| | - Bala Murali Krishna Vasamsetti
- Chemical Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea;
| | - Oh-Keun Kwon
- Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.M.); (O.-K.K.); (M.-S.A.)
| | - Myung-Suk Ahn
- Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.M.); (O.-K.K.); (M.-S.A.)
| | - Sun-Hyung Lim
- Division of Horticultural Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Hankyoung National University, Anseong 17579, Korea;
| | - Jae-A Jung
- Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.M.); (O.-K.K.); (M.-S.A.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Shi Q, Xu S, Yang B, Duan S, Li S, Zhang D, Wang Q, Zhao L, Wang W. White light emission from a single plant source extract with tunable photoluminescence. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 236:118352. [PMID: 32320915 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Blue, yellow and red emissions from the extract of a single plant source (pomegranate), under NUV light excitation have been reported. The blue emission (450 nm) was attributed to baicalin and protein, whereas the yellow (550 nm) and red (665 nm) emissions were due to two kinds of anthocyanin components (A1 and A2, respectively). Both the green-to-white and yellow-to-white photoluminescences were tuned by variation of excitation wavelengths (350-400 nm). This change in photoluminescence was due to the occurrence of Forster resonance energy transfer from baicalin to A1. White light emission with good CIE color coordinates (0.34, 0.33) was obtained from the pomegranate pulp extract solution (12% w/v) at excitation of 350 nm. The results demonstrated that white light emission could be achieved from a single plant source, which would provide a new method for the design and fabrication of WLE with simple, green, and low-cost materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Shi
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Shandong 252059, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Shandong 252059, China.
| | - Shengxiang Xu
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Bing Yang
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Shandong 252059, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Susu Duan
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Shuhong Li
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Shandong 252059, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Shandong 252059, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Qingru Wang
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Shandong 252059, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Shandong 252059, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Shandong 252059, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Shandong 252059, China
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17
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Yang Q, Dong B, Wang L, Song Z, Niu L, Li H, Cao H, Meng D, Fu Y. CDPK6 phosphorylates and stabilizes MYB30 to promote hyperoside biosynthesis that prolongs the duration of full-blooming in okra. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4042-4056. [PMID: 32249299 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The flowers of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) open and wilt within only a few hours, and this is accompanied by accumulation of hyperoside, a secondary metabolite in the flavonoid pathway. However, little is known about the relationship between flavonoids and flowering. Here, we found that exogenous application of hyperoside extended the duration of the full-blooming period by more than 3-fold, and this was accompanied by a 14.7-fold increase in the expression of CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE6 (AeCDPK6). Gene expression profiling indicated that the transcription factor AeMYB30 was co-expressed with AeCDPK6, and detailed protein interaction and phosphorylation experiments together with yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays demonstrated an interaction between AeMYB30 and AeCDPK6. AeCDPK6 specifically phosphorylated AeMYB30S191, leading to increased protein stability and prevention of degradation. Furthermore, AeMYB30 directly bound to the promoter of AeUF3GaT1, a key enzyme in the hyperoside biosynthesis pathway. Analysis of transgenic plants showed that AeCDPK6 was required for the hyperoside-induced phosphorylation of AeMYB30 to enhance its stability and transcriptional activity. Ectopic expression of AeCDPK6 promoted hyperoside accumulation and prolonged the full-blooming period in an AeMYB30-dependent manner. Our results indicate the role of AeCDPK6-AeMYB30 in the molecular mechanism by which hyperoside regulates the period of full blooming in okra, a plant with a short duration of flowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Biying Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Litao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanghang Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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García-Pérez P, Lozano-Milo E, Landín M, Gallego PP. Combining Medicinal Plant In Vitro Culture with Machine Learning Technologies for Maximizing the Production of Phenolic Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030210. [PMID: 32143282 PMCID: PMC7139750 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We combined machine learning and plant in vitro culture methodologies as a novel approach for unraveling the phytochemical potential of unexploited medicinal plants. In order to induce phenolic compound biosynthesis, the in vitro culture of three different species of Bryophyllum under nutritional stress was established. To optimize phenolic extraction, four solvents with different MeOH proportions were used, and total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content (FC) and radical-scavenging activity (RSA) were determined. All results were subjected to data modeling with the application of artificial neural networks to provide insight into the significant factors that influence such multifactorial processes. Our findings suggest that aerial parts accumulate a higher proportion of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in comparison to roots. TPC was increased under ammonium concentrations below 15 mM, and their extraction was maximum when using solvents with intermediate methanol proportions (55–85%). The same behavior was reported for RSA, and, conversely, FC was independent of culture media composition, and their extraction was enhanced using solvents with high methanol proportions (>85%). These findings confer a wide perspective about the relationship between abiotic stress and secondary metabolism and could serve as the starting point for the optimization of bioactive compound production at a biotechnological scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascual García-Pérez
- Plant Biology and Soil Science Department, Biology Faculty, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (P.G.-P.); (E.L.-M.)
| | - Eva Lozano-Milo
- Plant Biology and Soil Science Department, Biology Faculty, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (P.G.-P.); (E.L.-M.)
| | - Mariana Landín
- Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Pedro Pablo Gallego
- Plant Biology and Soil Science Department, Biology Faculty, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (P.G.-P.); (E.L.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-986-812-595
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Richwagen N, Lyles JT, Dale BLF, Quave CL. Antibacterial Activity of Kalanchoe mortagei and K. fedtschenkoi Against ESKAPE Pathogens. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:67. [PMID: 30792655 PMCID: PMC6374630 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants in the genus Kalanchoe (Family: Crassulaceae) are used in traditional medicine throughout the tropics for treating a variety of conditions. Two species, Kalanchoe mortagei and K. fedtschenkoi, have established ethnobotanical usage but have been neglected in previous research concerning their potential bioactivity. Here, we provide a thorough review of the reported antimicrobial activities of Kalanchoe genus and evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effects of two previously unexplored species against a panel of multidrug-resistant bacteria, the ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter cloacae). Plant specimens were collected and voucher specimens deposited in the Emory University Herbarium. Dried plant material was ground into a powder and extracted as ethanolic macerations or as aqueous decoctions. Extracts were tested against the ESKAPE pathogens for growth inhibitory activity. Cytotoxicity to human cells was assessed via a lactate dehydrogenase assay of treated human keratinocytes (HaCaTs). K. fedtschenkoi extracts demonstrated growth inhibitory effects against two Gram-negative species, A. baumannii (strain CDC-33) and P. aeruginosa (AH-71), as well as S. aureus (UAMS-1). In these cases, growth inhibition greater than 50% (IC50) was generally observed at concentrations of 256 μg mL-1, though one K. fedtschenkoi extract (1465, prepared from stems) exhibited an IC50 against A. baumannii at 128 μg mL-1. All extracts were well tolerated by HaCaTs (LD50 ≥ 256 μg mL-1). Chemical characterization using HPLC and chemical standards established the presence of caffeic acid and quercetin in both plant species, as well as kaempferol in K. fedtschenkoi. These results reveal K. fedtschenkoi to be a plant of medicinal interest, and future research should aim to characterize the bioactivity of this species and its active constituents through bioassay-guide fractionation. Effects on bacterial biofilm formation and quorum-sensing are also research topics of interest for this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Richwagen
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - James T. Lyles
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Brandon L. F. Dale
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Cassandra L. Quave
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Emory University Herbarium, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Stefanowicz-Hajduk J, Gucwa M, Hajduk A, Ochocka JR. Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Extract Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Necrosis in Human Cervical Cancer Cells. Pharmacogn Mag 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_86_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Dos Santos Nascimento LB, de Aguiar PF, Leal-Costa MV, Coutinho MAS, Borsodi MPG, Rossi-Bergmann B, Tavares ES, Costa SS. Optimization of Aqueous Extraction from Kalanchoe pinnata Leaves to Obtain the Highest Content of an Anti-inflammatory Flavonoid using a Response Surface Model. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2018; 29:308-315. [PMID: 29349835 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The medicinal plant Kalanchoe pinnata is a phenolic-rich species used worldwide. The reports on its pharmacological uses have increased by 70% in the last 10 years. The leaves of this plant are the main source of an unusual quercetin-diglycosyl flavonoid (QAR, quercetin arabinopyranosyl rhamnopyranoside), which can be easily extracted using water. QAR possess a strong in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. OBJECTIVE To optimize the aqueous extraction of QAR from K. pinnata leaves using a three-level full factorial design. MATERIAL AND METHODS After a previous screening design, time (x1 ) and temperature (x2 ) were chosen as the two independent variables for optimization. Freeze-dried leaves were extracted with water (20% w/v), at 30°C, 40°C or 50°C for 5, 18 or 30 min. QAR content (determined by HPLC-DAD) and yield of extracts were analyzed. The optimized extracts were also evaluated for cytotoxicity. RESULTS The optimal heating times for extract yield and QAR content were similar in two-dimensional (2D) surface responses (between 12.8 and 30 min), but their optimal extraction temperatures were ranged between 40°C and 50°C for QAR content and 30°C and 38°C for extract yield. A compromise region for both parameters was at the mean points that were 40°C for the extraction temperature and 18 min for the total time. CONCLUSION The optimized process is faster and spends less energy than the previous one (water; 30 min at 55°C); therefore is greener and more attractive for industrial purposes. This is the first report of extraction optimization of this bioactive flavonoid. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Beatriz Dos Santos Nascimento
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology (IB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Bioprocesses, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paula Fernandes de Aguiar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Instiute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Marcela Araújo Soares Coutinho
- Laboratory of Chemistry for Bioactive Natural Products, Natural Products Research Institute (IPPN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFRJ), Maracanã Unit, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Gonçalves Borsodi
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliana Schwartz Tavares
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology (IB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sônia Soares Costa
- Laboratory of Chemistry for Bioactive Natural Products, Natural Products Research Institute (IPPN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Fu X, Cheng S, Liao Y, Huang B, Du B, Zeng W, Jiang Y, Duan X, Yang Z. Comparative analysis of pigments in red and yellow banana fruit. Food Chem 2017; 239:1009-1018. [PMID: 28873516 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Color is an important characteristic determining the fruit value. Although ripe bananas usually have yellow peels, several banana cultivars have red peels. As details of the pigments in banana fruits are unknown, we investigated these pigments contents and compositions in the peel and pulp of red cultivar 'Hongjiaowang' and yellow cultivar 'Baxijiao' by UPLC-PDA-QTOF-MS and HPLC-PDA techniques. The 'Hongjiaowang' peel color was mainly determined by the presence of anthocyanin-containing epidermal cells. Rutinoside derivatives of cyanidin, peonidin, petunidin, and malvidin were unique to the red peel, and possibly responsible for the red color. 'Hongjiaowang' contained higher total content of carotenoids than 'Baxijiao' in both pulp and peel. Lutein, α-carotene, and β-carotene were main carotenoids, which might play a more important role than flavonoids in producing the yellow banana color owing to the properties and distribution in the fruit. The information will help us understand a complete profile of pigments in banana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Fu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Sihua Cheng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinyin Liao
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Bingzhi Huang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Waters Technologies (Shanghai) Ltd., No. 1000 Jinhai Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ziyin Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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Bozicevic A, De Mieri M, Di Benedetto A, Gafner F, Hamburger M. Dammarane-type saponins from leaves of Ziziphus spina-christi. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 138:134-144. [PMID: 28274571 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical profiling of Ziziphus spina-christi leaves led to the characterization of 10 dammarane-type saponins and 12 phenolic compounds. Isolation was achieved by gel chromatography on Sephadex LH20, open column chromatography on silica gel, and semi-preparative HPLC with PDA and ELSD detectors. Structural characterization was performed by extensive 1D and 2D NMR, mass spectrometry, and by GC-MS of sugar derivatives. A biosynthetic pathway leading to three previously undescribed sapogenins is proposed. The saponin profiles in Z. spina-christi leaves of four different origins were compared by means of HPLC-ESIMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alen Bozicevic
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Maria De Mieri
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Angela Di Benedetto
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Frank Gafner
- Mibelle Biochemistry, Mibelle AG, 5033, Buchs, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Hamburger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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Ahama-Esseh K, Bodet C, Quashie-Mensah-Attoh A, Garcia M, Théry-Koné I, Dorat J, De Souza C, Enguehard-Gueiffier C, Boudesocque-Delaye L. Anti-inflammatory activity of Crateva adansonii DC on keratinocytes infected by Staphylococcus aureus: From traditional practice to scientific approach using HPTLC-densitometry. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 204:26-35. [PMID: 28392456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLIGICAL RELEVANCE Leaves of Crateva adansonii DC (Capparidaceae), a small bush found in Togo, are widely used in traditional medicine to cure infectious abscesses. Traditional healers of Lomé harvest only budding leaves early in the morning, in specific area in order to prepare their drugs. AIM OF THE STUDY The main goal was to validate the ancestral picking practices, and to assess the activity of C. adansonii medicine towards infectious abscesses. MATERIALS AND METHODS A phytochemical screening of various C. adansonii leaf samples was performed using an original HPTLC-densitometry protocol and major flavonoids were identified and quantified. C. adansonii samples were collected in different neighborhoods of Lomé, at different harvesting-times and at different ages. Radical scavenging capacity, using DPPH assay, was used to quickly screen all extracts. Extracts were tested for anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity and anti-inflammatory effect on human primary keratinocytes infected by S. aureus. IL6, IL8 and TNFα expression and production were assessed by RT-PCR and ELISA assays. RESULTS Using antioxidant activity as selection criteria, optimal extracts were obtained with budding leaves, collected at 5:00am in Djidjolé neighborhood. This extract showed the strongest anti-inflammatory effect on S. aureus-infected keratinocytes by reducing IL6, IL8 and TNFα expression and production. None of the extracts inhibited the growth of S. aureus. CONCLUSIONS Those results validate the traditional practices and the potential of C. adansonii as anti-inflammatory drug. Our findings suggest that traditional healers should add to C. adansonii leaves an antibacterial plant of Togo Pharmacopeia, in order to improve abscess healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kplolali Ahama-Esseh
- Université de Tours, UMR INRA 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; Université de Lomé, Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Biotechnologies végétales, Faculté des Sciences, BP 1515 Lomé, Togo; Université de Lomé, Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Contrôle de Qualité des Denrées Alimentaires, BP 1515 Lomé, Togo
| | - Charles Bodet
- Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, Poitiers, France
| | - Akossiwa Quashie-Mensah-Attoh
- Université de Lomé, Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Biotechnologies végétales, Faculté des Sciences, BP 1515 Lomé, Togo
| | - Magali Garcia
- Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, Poitiers, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Isabelle Théry-Koné
- Université de Tours, UMR INRA 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Joelle Dorat
- Université de Tours, UMR INRA 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Comlan De Souza
- Université de Lomé, Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Contrôle de Qualité des Denrées Alimentaires, BP 1515 Lomé, Togo
| | - Cécile Enguehard-Gueiffier
- Université de Tours, UMR INSERM 1069 N2C Nutrition Croissance et Cancer, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Leslie Boudesocque-Delaye
- Université de Tours, UMR INRA 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France.
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Ürményi FGG, Saraiva GDN, Casanova LM, Matos ADS, de Magalhães Camargo LM, Romanos MTV, Costa SS. Anti-HSV-1 and HSV-2 Flavonoids and a New Kaempferol Triglycoside from the Medicinal Plant Kalanchoe daigremontiana. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:1707-1714. [PMID: 27472283 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Kalanchoe daigremontiana (Crassulaceae) is a medicinal plant native to Madagascar. The aim of this study was to investigate the flavonoid content of an aqueous leaf extract from K. daigremontiana (Kd), and assess its antiherpetic potential. The major flavonoid, kaempferol 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (1), was isolated from the AcOEt fraction (Kd-AC). The BuOH-soluble fraction afforded quercetin 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (2) and the new kaempferol 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), named daigremontrioside. The crude extract, Kd-AC fraction, flavonoids 1 and 2 were evaluated using acyclovir-sensitive strains of HSV-1 and HSV-2. Kd-AC was highly active against HSV-1 (EC50 = 0.97 μg/ml, SI > 206.1) and HSV-2 (EC50 = 0.72 μg/ml, SI > 277.7). Flavonoids 1 and 2 showed anti-HSV-1 (EC50 = 7.4 μg/ml; SI > 27 and EC50 = 5.8 μg/ml; SI > 8.6, respectively) and anti-HSV-2 (EC50 = 9.0 μg/ml; SI > 22.2 and EC50 = 36.2 μg/ml; SI > 5.5, respectively) activities, suggesting the contribution of additional substances to the antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Gouvêa Gomes Ürményi
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos - LPN-Bio, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,Instituto de Química, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149 - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Georgia do Nascimento Saraiva
- Laboratório Experimental de Drogas Antivirais e Citotóxicas - LEDAC, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Livia Marques Casanova
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos - LPN-Bio, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dos Santos Matos
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos - LPN-Bio, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Luiza Maria de Magalhães Camargo
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos - LPN-Bio, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Villela Romanos
- Laboratório Experimental de Drogas Antivirais e Citotóxicas - LEDAC, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Sônia Soares Costa
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos - LPN-Bio, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
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Sarkar R, Mondal C, Bera R, Chakraborty S, Barik R, Roy P, Kumar A, Yadav KK, Choudhury J, Chaudhary SK, Samanta SK, Karmakar S, Das S, Mukherjee PK, Mukherjee J, Sen T. Antimicrobial properties of K
alanchoe blossfeldiana: a focus on drug resistance with particular reference to quorum sensing-mediated bacterial biofilm formation. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:951-62. [PMID: 25827848 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study attempts to investigate the antimicrobial properties of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana with a particular reference to quorum sensing (QS)-mediated biofilm formation.
Methods
The methanol extract of K. blossfeldiana leaves (MEKB) was evaluated for antimicrobial properties including QS-controlled production of biofilm (including virulence factor, motility and lactone formation) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methanol extract of K. blossfeldiana was also evaluated for anti-cytokine (tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta) properties in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).
Key findings
Methanol extract of K. blossfeldiana exhibited antimicrobial effect on clinical isolates, as well as standard reference strains. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exposed to MEKB (subminimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)) displayed reduced biofilm formation, whereas supra-MIC produced destruction of preformed biofilms. Methanol extract of K. blossfeldiana reduced the secretion of virulence factors (protease and pyoverdin) along with generation of acyl homoserine lactone (AHL). Confocal laser scanning microscopy images indicate reduction of biofilm thickness. The extract also reduced cytokine formation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PBMC.
Conclusions
K alanchoe blossfeldiana was found to interfere with AHL production, which in turn may be responsible for downregulating QS-mediated production of biofilm and virulence. This first report on the antibiofilm and anticytokine properties of this plant may open up new vistas for future exploration of this plant for combating biofilm-related resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratul Sarkar
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Chaitali Mondal
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Sumon Chakraborty
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajib Barik
- TCG Life Sciences Ltd, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Paramita Roy
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Alekh Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kirendra K Yadav
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayanta Choudhury
- Department of Environmental Studies, School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sushil K Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Samir K Samanta
- Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Uluberia, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanmoy Karmakar
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Satadal Das
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, B.K. Roy Research Center, Peerless Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Pulok K Mukherjee
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Joydeep Mukherjee
- Department of Environmental Studies, School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Tuhinadri Sen
- Division of Pharmacology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Natural Product Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Gargul JM, Mibus H, Serek M. Manipulation of MKS1 gene expression affects Kalanchoë blossfeldiana and Petunia hybrida phenotypes. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2015; 13:51-61. [PMID: 25082411 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of alternative methods to chemical treatments for growth retardation and pathogen protection in ornamental plant production has become a major goal in recent breeding programmes. This study evaluates the effect of manipulating MAP kinase 4 nuclear substrate 1 (MKS1) expression in Kalanchoë blossfeldiana and Petunia hybrida. The Arabidopsis thaliana MKS1 gene was overexpressed in both species via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, resulting in dwarfed phenotypes and delayed flowering in both species and increased tolerance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato in transgenic Petunia plants. The lengths of the stems and internodes were decreased, while the number of nodes in the transgenic plants was similar to that of the control plants in both species. The transgenic Kalanchoë flowers had an increased anthocyanin concentration, and the length of the inflorescence stem was decreased. The morphology of transgenic Petunia flowers was not altered. The results of the Pseudomonas syringae tolerance test showed that Petunia plants with one copy of the transgene reacted similarly to the nontransgenic control plants; however, plants with four copies of the transgene exhibited considerably higher tolerance to bacterial attack. Transgene integration and expression was determined by Southern blot hybridization and RT-PCR analyses. MKS1 in wild-type Petunia plants was down-regulated through a virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) method using tobacco rattle virus vectors. There were no significant phenotypic differences between the plants with silenced MKS1 genes and the controls. The relative concentration of the MKS1 transcript in VIGS-treated plants was estimated by quantitative RT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Maria Gargul
- Horticulture Production Systems, Section Floriculture, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Costa ACDO, Fernandes JM, Neto TDSN, Mendonça JN, Tomaz JC, Lopes NP, Soares LAL, Zucolotto SM. Quantification of Chemical Marker of Kalanchoe brasiliensis (Crassulaceae) Leaves by HPLC–DAD. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2014.971370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Caroline de Oliveira Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil
| | - Júlia Morais Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil
| | | | - Jacqueline Nakau Mendonça
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-SP, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Tomaz
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-SP, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-SP, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Lira Soares
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil
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Farag MA, Sharaf Eldin MG, Kassem H, Abou el Fetouh M. Metabolome classification of Brassica napus L. organs via UPLC-QTOF-PDA-MS and their anti-oxidant potential. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2013; 24:277-87. [PMID: 23055344 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brassica napus L. is a crop widely grown for its oil production and other nutritional components in the seed. In addition to the seed, other organs contain a wide range of phenolic metabolites although they have not been investigated to the same extent as in seeds. OBJECTIVE To define and compare the phytochemical composition of B. napus L. organs, namely the root, stem, leaf, inflorescence and seeds. METHOD Non-targeted metabolomic analysis via UPLC-QTOF-MS was utilised in order to localise compounds belonging to various chemical classes (i.e. oxygenated fatty acids, flavonols, phenolic acids and sinapoyl choline derivatives). RESULTS The vast majority of identified metabolites were flavonol glycosides that accumulated in most of the plant organs. Whereas other classes were detected predominantly in specific organs, i.e. sinapoyl cholines were present uniquely in seeds. Furthermore, variation in the accumulation pattern of metabolites from the same class was observed, particularly in the case of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin flavonols. Anti-oxidant activity, based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl analysis was observed for all extracts, and correlated to some extent with total flavonoid content. CONCLUSION This study provides the most complete map for polyphenol composition in B. napus L. organs. By describing the metabolites profile in B. napus L., this study provides the basis for future investigations of seeds for potential health and/or medicinal use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Coutinho MAS, Muzitano MF, Cruz EA, Bergonzi MC, Kaiser CR, Tinoco LW, Bilia AR, Vincieri FF, Rossi-Bergmann B, Costa SS. Flowers from Kalanchoe pinnata are a Rich Source of T Cell-Suppressive Flavonoids. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition and immunosuppressive potential of the flowers from Kalanchoe pinnata (Crassulaceae) were investigated. We found that the aqueous flower extract was more active than the leaf extract in inhibiting murine T cell mitogenesis in vitro. Flavonoids isolated from the flower extract were identified and quantitated based on NMR and HPLC-DAD-MS analysis, respectively. Along with quercetin, four quercetin glycosyl conjugates were obtained, including quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside and quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, which are described for the first time in K. pinnata. All flavonoids inhibited murine T cell mitogenesis and IL-2 and IL-4 production without cell toxicity. This is the first report on the pharmacological activity of flowers of a Kalanchoe species, which are not used for curative purposes. Our findings show that K. pinnata flowers are a rich source of T-suppressive flavonoids that may be therapeutically useful against inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela A. S. Coutinho
- Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Michelle F. Muzitano
- Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elaine A. Cruz
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria C. Bergonzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlos R. Kaiser
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luzineide W. Tinoco
- Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anna R. Bilia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Franco F. Vincieri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sônia S. Costa
- Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Cruz BP, Chedier LM, Fabri RL, Pimenta DS. Chemical and agronomic development of Kalanchoe brasiliensis Camb. and Kalanchoe pinnata (Lamk.) Pers under light and temperature levels. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2011; 83:1435-42. [DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652011000400030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compares the development of Kalanchoe brasiliensis and Kalanchoe pinnata, which are medicinal species known as "saião" and "folha da fortuna" that are used interchangeably by the population for medicinal purposes. The experiment consisted of 20 plots/species planted in plastic bags with homogeneous substrate in a randomized design, which grown under light levels (25%, 50%, 70%, full sunlight) at environment temperature, and a treatment under a plastic with greater temperature range than the external environment. It was obtained for K. pinnata a greater plant height, total length of sprouts, stems, production and dry matter content of leaves than that obtained for K. brasiliensis, which achieved higher averages only for the length of lateral branches. The species showed increases in height, which varied in inverse proportion to the light, and it was observed the influence of temperature in K. pinnata. The production and dry matter content of leaves were proportional to the luminosity; the same occurred in the thickness of leaves for K. brasiliensis. In the swelling index and Brix degree, K. brasiliensis showed higher averages than K. pinnata. In relation to the total content of flavonoids it was not observed significant differences for both species. The analyzed parameters showed the main differences in the agronomic development of the two species.
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Srivastava J, Vankar PS. Methylated anthocyanidin glycosides from flowers of Canna indica. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:2023-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Treutter D. Managing phenol contents in crop plants by phytochemical farming and breeding-visions and constraints. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:807-57. [PMID: 20479987 PMCID: PMC2868352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11030807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Two main fields of interest form the background of actual demand for optimized levels of phenolic compounds in crop plants. These are human health and plant resistance to pathogens and to biotic and abiotic stress factors. A survey of agricultural technologies influencing the biosynthesis and accumulation of phenolic compounds in crop plants is presented, including observations on the effects of light, temperature, mineral nutrition, water management, grafting, elevated atmospheric CO(2), growth and differentiation of the plant and application of elicitors, stimulating agents and plant activators. The underlying mechanisms are discussed with respect to carbohydrate availability, trade-offs to competing demands as well as to regulatory elements. Outlines are given for genetic engineering and plant breeding. Constraints and possible physiological feedbacks are considered for successful and sustainable application of agricultural techniques with respect to management of plant phenol profiles and concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Treutter
- Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.
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35
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Costa SS, Muzitano MF, Camargo LMM, Coutinho MAS. Therapeutic Potential of Kalanchoe Species: Flavonoids and other Secondary Metabolites. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800301236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Kalanchoe genus (syn. Bryophyllum), family Crassulaceae, comprises 125 species, most of them native to Madagascar. The great importance of several of these species for the traditional medicine in several regions of the World, esspecially India, Africa, China and Brazil, stimulated research programs into these plants from both a pharmacological and chemical point of view. The present review focuses on the main results obtained during the last decade on the secondary metabolites isolated from these species – endowed or not with a specific biological profile – with emphasis on flavonoids. The distribution of these molecules in the genus will be summarized and special attention will be given to K. brasiliensis and K. pinnata, two species well-known for healing inflammatory and infectious processes. Ornamental Kalanchoe species are also discussed as a potential source of bioactive compounds. This review covers the period 1970–2008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sônia S. Costa
- Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Michelle F. Muzitano
- Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia do Reconhecer, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiza M. M. Camargo
- Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcela A. S. Coutinho
- Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Hanhineva K, Rogachev I, Kokko H, Mintz-Oron S, Venger I, Kärenlampi S, Aharoni A. Non-targeted analysis of spatial metabolite composition in strawberry (Fragariaxananassa) flowers. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2008; 69:2463-81. [PMID: 18774147 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2008] [Revised: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 07/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Formation of flower organs and the subsequent pollination process require a coordinated spatial and temporal regulation of particular metabolic pathways. In this study a comparison has been made between the metabolite composition of individual flower organs of strawberry (Fragariaxananassa) including the petal, sepal, stamen, pistil and the receptacle that gives rise to the strawberry fruit. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis of the semi-polar secondary metabolites by the use of UPLC-qTOF-MS was utilized in order to localize metabolites belonging to various chemical classes (e.g. ellagitannins, proanthocyanidins, flavonols, terpenoids, and spermidine derivatives) to the different flower organs. The vast majority of the tentatively identified metabolites were ellagitannins that accumulated in all five parts of the flower. Several metabolite classes were detected predominantly in certain flower organs, as for example spermidine derivatives were present uniquely in the stamen and pistil, and the proanthocyanidins were almost exclusively detected in the receptacle and sepals. The latter organ was also rich in terpenoids (i.e. triterpenoid and sesquiterpenoid derivatives) whereas phenolic acids and flavonols were the predominant classes of compounds detected in the petals. Furthermore, we observed extensive variation in the accumulation of metabolites from the same class in a single organ, particularly in the case of ellagitannins, and the flavonols quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin. These results allude to spatially-restricted production of secondary metabolite classes and specialized derivatives in flowers that take part in implementing the unique program of individual organs in the floral life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kati Hanhineva
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Abstract
Anthocyanins are a class of polyphenols responsible for the orange, red, purple and blue colors of many fruits, vegetables, grains, flowers and other plants. Consumption of anthocyanins has been linked as protective agents against many chronic diseases and possesses strong antioxidant properties leading to a variety of health benefits. In this review, we examine the advances in the chemical profiling of natural anthocyanins in plant and biological matrices using various chromatographic separations (HPLC and CE) coupled with different detection systems (UV, MS and NMR). An overview of anthocyanin chemistry, prevalence in plants, biosynthesis and metabolism, bioactivities and health properties, sample preparation and phytochemical investigations are discussed while the major focus examines the comparative advantages and disadvantages of each analytical technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara R. Welch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Qingli Wu
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - James E. Simon
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
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Veitch NC, Grayer RJ. Flavonoids and their glycosides, including anthocyanins. Nat Prod Rep 2008; 25:555-611. [DOI: 10.1039/b718040n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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