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Leme LDO, Carvalho JO, Mendes CM, Assumpção MEOD, Caetano AR, Franco MM, Dode MAN. Impact of sperm sex sorting on sperm quality and in vitro embryo production in bovine. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 270:107604. [PMID: 39332062 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that environmental exposures can modify epigenetic marks in the germline, leading to the transmission of abnormal post-fertilization sperm epigenetic indicators and affecting embryonic development. Given the pivotal role of sperm cells in determining embryo quality, there is growing interest in understanding the potential effects of sperm sex sorting on embryo quality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of bovine sperm sexing on in vitro embryo production (IVP) and to associate molecular aspects of embryos analysis. Frozen semen samples from five Nellore bulls were used, with each bull contributing unsexed sperm (conventional semen - CV treatment) and female and male sexed sperm pooled after thawing (SX treatment). First, semen quality was assessed, including motility, morphology, acrosome integrity, and chromatin integrity to denaturation. Then, IVP was carried out, focusing on embryonic production and developmental kinetics. In the third experiment, embryo quality was evaluated by examining the gene expression of key markers (OCT4, NANOG, DNMT3A, TET1, and Fematrin-1) and the methylation pattern of the Satellite-1 and α-Satellite genes in blastocysts. Differences between CV and SX semen were only observed in motility, which was lower in SX compared with CV (P < 0.05). Although cleavage was similar, the SX groups showed lower blastocyst production than CV (P < 0.05). Of the genes evaluated, only NANOG showed high expression in the CV blastocysts compared with the SX blastocysts, but the methylation pattern revealed no differences. In conclusion, sex sorting markedly affects sperm motility and in vitro embryo production but showed no significant impact on embryo quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligiane de Oliveira Leme
- UFES, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Alto Universitario, S/N - Guararema, Alegre, ES 29500-000, Brazil
| | - José Oliveira Carvalho
- UFES, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Alto Universitario, S/N - Guararema, Alegre, ES 29500-000, Brazil
| | - Camilla Motta Mendes
- USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 - Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Rodrigues Caetano
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia - Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB s/nº Av. W5 Norte (final) - PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF 70770-917, Brazil
| | - Maurício Machaim Franco
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia - Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB s/nº Av. W5 Norte (final) - PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF 70770-917, Brazil
| | - Margot Alves Nunes Dode
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia - Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB s/nº Av. W5 Norte (final) - PO Box 02372, Brasília, DF 70770-917, Brazil.
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Vargas LN, Silveira MM, Franco MM. Epigenetic Reprogramming and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2647:37-58. [PMID: 37041328 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3064-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics is an area of genetics that studies the heritable modifications in gene expression and phenotype that are not controlled by the primary sequence of DNA. The main epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation, post-translational covalent modifications in histone tails, and non-coding RNAs. During mammalian development, there are two global waves of epigenetic reprogramming. The first one occurs during gametogenesis and the second one begins immediately after fertilization. Environmental factors such as exposure to pollutants, unbalanced nutrition, behavioral factors, stress, in vitro culture conditions can negatively affect epigenetic reprogramming events. In this review, we describe the main epigenetic mechanisms found during mammalian preimplantation development (e.g., genomic imprinting, X chromosome inactivation). Moreover, we discuss the detrimental effects of cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer on the reprogramming of epigenetic patterns and some molecular alternatives to minimize these negative impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna N Vargas
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Márcia M Silveira
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maurício M Franco
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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3
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Vargas LN, Nochi ARF, de Castro PS, Cunha ATM, Silva TCF, Togawa RC, Silveira MM, Caetano AR, Franco MM. Differentially methylated regions identified in bovine embryos are not observed in adulthood. Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20220076. [PMID: 36938311 PMCID: PMC10023072 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment of epigenetic marks during the reprogramming window is susceptible to environmental influences, and stimuli during this critical stage can cause altered DNA methylation in offspring. In a previous study, we found that low levels of sulphur and cobalt (low S/Co) in the diet offered to oocyte donors altered the DNA methylome of bovine embryos. However, due to the extensive epigenetic reprogramming that occurs during embryogenesis, we hypothesized that the different methylation regions (DMRs) identified in the blastocysts may not maintain in adulthood. Here, we aimed to characterize DMRs previously identified in embryos, in the blood and sperm of adult progenies of two groups of heifers (low S/Co and control). We used six bulls and characterized the DNA methylation levels of KDM2A, KDM5A, KMT2D, and DOT1L genes. Our results showed that all DMRs analysed in both groups and tissues were hypermethylated unlike that noticed in the embryonic methylome profiles. These results suggest that embryo DMRs were reprogrammed during the final stages of de novo methylation during embryogenesis or later in development. Therefore, due to the highly dynamic epigenetic state during early embryonic development, we suggest that is essential to validate the DMRs found in embryos in adult individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Nascimento Vargas
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Paloma Soares de Castro
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Thainara Christie Ferreira Silva
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Maurício Machaim Franco
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
- Corresponding author:
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4
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Gómez E, Murillo A, Carrocera S, Pérez-Jánez JJ, Benedito JL, Martín-González D, Gimeno I. Fitness of calves born from in vitro-produced fresh and cryopreserved embryos. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1006995. [PMID: 36504844 PMCID: PMC9730881 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1006995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In cattle, vitrified/warmed (V/W) and frozen/thawed (F/T), in vitro-produced (IVP) embryos, differ in their physiology and survival from fresh embryos. In this study, we analyzed the effects of embryo cryopreservation techniques on the offspring. IVP embryos cultured with albumin and with or without 0.1% serum until Day 6, and thereafter in single culture without protein, were transferred to recipients on Day 7 as F/T, V/W, or fresh, resulting in N = 24, 14, and 13 calves, respectively. Calves were clinically examined at birth, and blood was analyzed before and after colostrum intake (Day 0), and subsequently on Day 15 and Day 30. On Day 0, calves from V/W and F/T embryos showed increased creatinine and capillary refill time (CRT) and reduced heartbeats. Calves from F/T embryos showed lower PCO2, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume than calves from V/W embryos while V/W embryos led to calves with increased Na+ levels. Colostrum effects did not differ between calves from fresh and cryopreserved embryos, indicating similar adaptive ability among calves. However, PCO2 did not decrease in calves from V/W embryos after colostrum intake. Serum in culture led to calves with affected (P < 0.05) temperature, CRT, HCO 3 - , base excess (BE), TCO2, creatinine, urea, and anion gap. On Day 15, the effects of embryo cryopreservation disappeared among calves. In contrast, Day 30 values were influenced by diarrhea appearance, mainly in calves from V/W embryos (i.e., lower values of TCO2, HCO 3 - , and BE; and increased glucose, anion gap, and lactate), although with no more clinical compromise than calves from fresh and F/T embryos. Diarrhea affected PCO2 and Na+ in all groups. Embryo cryopreservation, and/or culture, yield metabolically different calves, including effects on protein and acid-base metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Gómez
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Gijón, Spain,*Correspondence: Enrique Gómez
| | - Antonio Murillo
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Gijón, Spain
| | - Susana Carrocera
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Gijón, Spain
| | | | - Jose Luis Benedito
- Department of Animal Pathology, Veterinary School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - David Martín-González
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Gijón, Spain
| | - Isabel Gimeno
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Gijón, Spain
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Mangiavacchi PM, Caldas-Bussiere MC, Mendonça MDS, Rumpf R, Lemos Júnior PES, Alves CS, Carneiro WDS, Dias AJB, Rios ÁFL. Multi-locus DNA methylation analysis of imprinted genes in cattle from somatic cell nuclear transfer. Theriogenology 2022; 186:95-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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DNA methylation studies in cattle. J Appl Genet 2021; 62:121-136. [PMID: 33400132 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-020-00604-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of the role of epigenetics in cattle breeding is gaining importance. DNA methylation represents an epigenetic modification which is essential for genomic stability and maintenance of development. Recently, DNA methylation research in cattle has intensified. The studies focus on the definition of methylomes in various organs and tissues in relation to the expression of genes underlying economically important traits, and explore methylome changes under developmental, environmental, disease, and diet influences. The investigations further characterize the methylation patterns of gametes in connection with their quality, and study methylome alterations in the developing naturally or assisted produced zygotes, embryos, and fetuses, considering their viability. A wide array of technologies developed for accurate and precise analysis of DNA methylation patterns is employed for both single-gene and genome-wide studies. Overall, the research is directed towards the identification of single methylation markers or their combinations which may be useful in the selection and breeding of animals to ensure cattle improvement.
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Dos Santos Mendonça A, Franco MM, de Oliveira Carvalho J, Machado GM, Dode MAN. DNA Methylation of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2-Imprinted Gene in Trophoblast Cells of Elongated Bovine Embryo: Effects of the In Vitro Culture. Cell Reprogram 2020; 21:260-269. [PMID: 31596623 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2019.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic mark for embryo development and can be susceptible to environment factors such as in vitro conditions. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of in vitro culture until Day (D) 14 of the development on the embryo size and DNA methylation pattern of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2)-imprinted gene. To achieve this, we produced bovine embryos completely in vivo, completely in vitro, and in vitro until D7 and then in vivo up to D14. The embryos produced in in vitro were smaller than those in other two groups (p = 0.024); no differences in embryo size were observed between genders. The in vitro embryos showed a higher level of DNA methylation in the IGF2 as compared with that in the completely in vivo-produced (IVV) embryos (p = 0.009). Furthermore, totally in vitro-produced male embryos showed higher levels of DNA methylation as compared with those observed for the totally IVV male embryos (p = 0.034). No differences were observed among genders for IGF2 DNA methylation. These results showed that the window between D7 and D14 is critical for embryo development and alterations in the environmental conditions during this period can impair DNA methylation establishment of important developmental imprinted genes. This study brings unprecedented data for bovine embryos regarding the impact of the environmental conditions during the posthatching development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelise Dos Santos Mendonça
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba Parque Tecnológico Campus, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Maurício Machaim Franco
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Parque Estação Biológica, Brasília, Brazil.,Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Margot Alves Nunes Dode
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Parque Estação Biológica, Brasília, Brazil.,School of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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8
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Sampaio RV, Sangalli JR, De Bem THC, Ambrizi DR, Del Collado M, Bridi A, de Ávila ACFCM, Macabelli CH, de Jesus Oliveira L, da Silveira JC, Chiaratti MR, Perecin F, Bressan FF, Smith LC, Ross PJ, Meirelles FV. Catalytic inhibition of H3K9me2 writers disturbs epigenetic marks during bovine nuclear reprogramming. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11493. [PMID: 32661262 PMCID: PMC7359371 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Orchestrated events, including extensive changes in epigenetic marks, allow a somatic nucleus to become totipotent after transfer into an oocyte, a process termed nuclear reprogramming. Recently, several strategies have been applied in order to improve reprogramming efficiency, mainly focused on removing repressive epigenetic marks such as histone methylation from the somatic nucleus. Herein we used the specific and non-toxic chemical probe UNC0638 to inhibit the catalytic activity of the histone methyltransferases EHMT1 and EHMT2. Either the donor cell (before reconstruction) or the early embryo was exposed to the probe to assess its effect on developmental rates and epigenetic marks. First, we showed that the treatment of bovine fibroblasts with UNC0638 did mitigate the levels of H3K9me2. Moreover, H3K9me2 levels were decreased in cloned embryos regardless of treating either donor cells or early embryos with UNC0638. Additional epigenetic marks such as H3K9me3, 5mC, and 5hmC were also affected by the UNC0638 treatment. Therefore, the use of UNC0638 did diminish the levels of H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 in SCNT-derived blastocysts, but this was unable to improve their preimplantation development. These results indicate that the specific reduction of H3K9me2 by inhibiting EHMT1/2 during nuclear reprogramming impacts the levels of H3K9me3, 5mC, and 5hmC in preimplantation bovine embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Vilar Sampaio
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada.
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, USA.
| | - Juliano Rodrigues Sangalli
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, USA
| | - Tiago Henrique Camara De Bem
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Dewison Ricardo Ambrizi
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Maite Del Collado
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Bridi
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lilian de Jesus Oliveira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Coelho da Silveira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Perecin
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Lawrence Charles Smith
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, USA
| | - Flávio Vieira Meirelles
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
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Schumann NAB, Mendonça AS, Silveira MM, Vargas LN, Leme LO, de Sousa RV, Franco MM. Procaine and S-Adenosyl-l-Homocysteine Affect the Expression of Genes Related to the Epigenetic Machinery and Change the DNA Methylation Status of In Vitro Cultured Bovine Skin Fibroblasts. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 39:37-49. [PMID: 31750745 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cloning using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has many potential applications such as in transgenic and genomic-edited animal production. Abnormal epigenetic reprogramming of somatic cell nuclei is probably the major cause of the low efficiency associated with SCNT. Strategies to alter DNA reprogramming in donor cell nuclei may help improve the cloning efficiency. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the effects of procaine and S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH) as demethylating agents during the cell culture of bovine skin fibroblasts. We characterized the effects of procaine and SAH on the expression of genes related to the epigenetic machinery, including the DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A), DNA methyltransferase 3 beta (DNMT3B), TET1, TET2, TET3, and OCT4 genes, and on DNA methylation levels of bovine skin fibroblasts. We found that DNA methylation levels of satellite I were reduced by SAH (p = 0.0495) and by the combination of SAH and procaine (p = 0.0479) compared with that in the control group. Global DNA methylation levels were lower in cells that were cultivated with both compounds than in control cells (procaine [p = 0.0116], SAH [p = 0.0408], and both [p = 0.0163]). Regarding gene expression, there was a decrease in the DNMT1 transcript levels in cells cultivated with SAH (p = 0.0151) and SAH/procaine (0.0001); a decrease in the DNMT3A transcript levels in cells cultivated with SAH/procaine (p = 0.016); and finally, a decrease in the DNMT3B transcript levels in cells cultivated with procaine (p = 0.0007), SAH (p = 0.0060), and SAH/procaine (p = 0.0021) was found. Higher levels of TET3 transcripts in cells cultivated with procaine (p = 0.0291), SAH (p = 0.0373), and procaine/SAH (p = 0.0013) compared with the control were also found. Regarding the OCT4 gene, no differences were found. Our results showed that the use of procaine and SAH during bovine cell culture was able to alter the epigenetic profile of the cells. This approach may be a useful alternative strategy to improve the efficiency of reprogramming the somatic nuclei after fusion, which in turn will improve the SCNT efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara A B Schumann
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Anelise S Mendonça
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Márcia M Silveira
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Luna N Vargas
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ligiane O Leme
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Regivaldo V de Sousa
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Maurício M Franco
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Brazil
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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Study on Hematological and Biochemical Characters of Cloned Duroc Pigs and Their Progeny. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110912. [PMID: 31684083 PMCID: PMC6912288 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cloning is the most promising technique for passing the excellent phenotypes of the best individuals in the population. Here we studied the effects of cloning on Duroc pig, which is the most popular sire used in pig production due to its good growth and meat quality. Understanding the changes of cloned Duroc pigs and their progenies is of great importance for animal breeding and public acceptance. The results of this study suggested that there were no difference in blood parameters between the cloned Duroc and the conventionally bred Duroc and their progenies. Abstract To increase public understanding in cloned animals produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer technology, our previous study investigated the carcass trait and meat quality of the clones (paper accepted), and this study we further evaluate differences by investigating the blood parameters in cloned pigs and their progeny. We collected blood samples from the clones and conventionally bred non-clones and their progeny, and investigated their hematological and blood biochemical characters. Our results supported the hypothesis that there was no significant difference between clones and non-clones, or their progeny. Taken together, the data demonstrated that the clones or their progeny were similar with their controls in terms of blood parameters, although there were still other kinds of disorders, such as abnormal DNA methylation or histone modifications that needs further investigation. The data in this study agreed that cloning technique could be used to preserve and enlarge the genetics of the superior boars in pig breeding industry, especially in facing of the deadly threat of African Swine fever happened in China.
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Silveira MM, Vargas LN, Bayão HXS, Schumann NAB, Caetano AR, Rumpf R, Franco MM. DNA methylation of the endogenous retrovirus Fematrin-1 in fetal placenta is associated with survival rate of cloned calves. Placenta 2019; 88:52-60. [PMID: 31671312 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The expression of retroviral envelope proteins in the placenta facilitates generation of the multinuclear syncytiotrophoblast as an outer cellular layer of the placenta by fusion of the trophoblastic cells. This process is essential for placenta development in eutherians and for successful pregnancy. METHODS We tested the hypothesis that alterations in DNA methylation and gene expression profiles of the endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) and genes related to epigenetic reprogramming in placenta of cloned calves result in abnormal offspring phenotypes. The fetal cotyledons in 13 somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) pregnancies were collected. DNA methylation level of Fematrin-1 was analyzed using bisulfite PCR and mRNA levels of Fematrin-1, Syncytin-Rum1, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, TET1, TET2 and TET3 measured by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Methylation of Fematrin-1 in placenta of control animals produced by artificial insemination (AI) was similar to live SCNT-produced calves, but hypermethylated than dead SCNT-produced calves. The levels of mRNA differed between SCNT-produced calves and AI animals for all genes, except TET3. However, no differences were observed between the live and dead cloned calves for all genes. Moreover, no differences were found between mRNA levels of Fematrin-1 and Syncytin-Rum1. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that this altered DNA methylation, deregulation in the expression of ERVs and in the genes of epigenetic machinery in fetal cotyledons of cloned calves may be associated with abnormal placentogenesis found in SCNT-produced animals. Further studies characterizing other mechanisms involved in the regulation of ERVs are important to support the development of new strategies to improve the efficiency of cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Marques Silveira
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Luna Nascimento Vargas
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Naiara Araújo Borges Schumann
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Rodolfo Rumpf
- GENEAL Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Maurício Machaim Franco
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Braga TF, Silva TCF, Marques MG, de Souza AP, Albring D, Silva LP, Caetano AR, Dode MAN, Franco MM. The dynamics of gene expression, lipid composition and DNA methylation reprogramming are different during in vitro maturation of pig oocytes obtained from prepubertal gilts and cycling sows. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:1217-1229. [PMID: 31269288 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the gene expression, lipid composition and DNA methylation reprogramming during in vitro maturation (IVM) of pig oocytes with different developmental competencies. We used prepubertal gilts and cycling sows as a model to obtain oocytes with different levels of competency. We found that genes involved in lipid metabolism, SLC27A4, CPT2 and PLIN2, and DNA methylation, DNMT3A, TET1 and TET3, possessed altered transcript expression levels during IVM. Specifically, SLC27A4 mRNA (p = 0.05) increased in oocytes from cycling females, whereas CPT2 (p = 0.05), PLIN2 (p = 0.02) and DNMT3A (p = 0.02) increased in oocytes from prepubertal females during IVM. Additionally, TET3 mRNA increased during IVM in oocytes from prepubertal (p = 0.0005) and cycling females (p = 0.02). The TET1 transcript decreased (p = 0.05) during IVM in oocytes from cycling sows. Regarding lipid composition, mass spectrometry revealed a cluster of ions, with molecular masses higher than m/z 700, which comprises a group of complex phospholipids, was identified in all groups of oocytes, except in those from prepubertal gilts. With respect to DNA methylation reprogramming, it was noted that the less competent oocytes were not able to reprogramme the XIST gene during IVM. We conclude that the maternal mRNA store, lipid composition and epigenetic reprogramming are still being established during maturation and are related to oocyte competence. In addition, we propose that the methylation pattern of the XIST may be used as molecular marker for oocyte competence in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Felipe Braga
- Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, Brazil.,Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Thainara Christie Ferreira Silva
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maurício Machaim Franco
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.,Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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