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Kristjansson AL, Lilly CL, Mann MJ, Smith ML, Kogan SM, Layman HM, James JE. Adolescent caffeine use and problematic school behavior: A longitudinal analysis of student survey data and teacher observations. J Adolesc 2024. [PMID: 39051139 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Caffeine is a psychostimulant possessing arousal, motor activation, and reinforcing properties, which is consumed daily by most adolescents aged 12-19 years. Although current understanding of the implications of adolescent caffeine consumption for school behaviors remains incomplete, studies have shown that in addition to acute effects of the drug, in common with other habit-forming psychoactive substances, regular use leads to physical dependence, evidenced by recurring negative withdrawal symptoms. METHODS Employing two waves of longitudinal data, we tested the prospective association between daily caffeine use and homeroom teacher-observed self-control and problem behavior in a sample of middle-school students in 20 schools in West Virginia in the United States. Caffeine was operationalized with two dichotomized variables, daily consumption of <100 mg, and daily consumption of >100 mg, versus no daily use. Gender, mother's education, family financial status, social support by primary caregiver and adults in school, and school climate, were applied as covariates in linear mixed models. RESULTS Daily caffeine use of >100 mg was robustly and inversely associated with self-control and positively associated with problem behavior. CONCLUSIONS Caffeine consumption and associated withdrawal symptoms may be an important factor in problematic school behavior among adolescents. Recent advent of highly concentrated caffeine products (e.g., caffeine "shots") commonly marketed directly at youth, should give rise to concerns including consideration about limiting caffeine consumption among children and youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfgeir L Kristjansson
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, West Virginia University School of Public Health, West Virginia Prevention Research Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Christa L Lilly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Michael J Mann
- Department of Community and Environmental Health, Boise State College of Health Sciences, Boise, Idaho, USA
| | - Megan L Smith
- Department of Community and Environmental Health, Boise State College of Health Sciences, Boise, Idaho, USA
| | - Steven M Kogan
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia College of Family and Consumer Sciences, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Hannah M Layman
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, West Virginia University School of Public Health, West Virginia Prevention Research Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Jack E James
- Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Use of Caffeine-Containing Energy Drinks by Japanese Middle School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study of Related Factors. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051275. [PMID: 36904274 PMCID: PMC10004827 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive consumption of caffeine negatively affects individuals' health. Therefore, we studied the use of energy drinks and the conditions associated with it among Japanese secondary school students. Participants were 236 students in grades 7-9 who completed anonymous questionnaires at home in July 2018. We measured the basic attributes and dietary, sleeping, and exercise habits. We used Chi-squared tests to compare differences between users and non-users of energy drinks. Logistic regression analyses were used to elucidate the complex association between the variables. The results showed that boys were more willing to consume energy drinks than girls. The reasons were 'feeling fatigued', 'needing to stay awake', 'for curiosity', and 'to quench one's thirst'. Among boys, the following were associated with the use of EDs. Buying their own snacks , not understanding nutritional labels on foods, high caffeinated beverage intake, late bed-times on weekdays, always waking up at about the same time, and weight. Health guidance is needed to prevent overconsumption and dependence on energy drinks. The cooperation of parents and teachers is needed to achieve these goals.
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Kristjansson AL, Kogan SM, Mann MJ, Smith ML, Lilly CL, James JE. Possible role of caffeine in nicotine use onset among early adolescents: Evidence from the Young Mountaineer Health Study Cohort. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285682. [PMID: 37167246 PMCID: PMC10174549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preventing nicotine use onset among children and youth is an important public health goal. One possible contributor that has received little empirical investigation is caffeine use. The goal of this study was to examine the possible contribution of caffeine to nicotine onset during early adolescence. METHODS We used data from the Young Mountaineer Health Study Cohort. Survey data were collected from 1,349 (response rate: 80.7%) 6th grade students (mean age at baseline 11.5 years) in 20 middle schools in West Virginia during the fall of 2020 and spring of 2021. We limited our analyses to students reporting never having used any form of nicotine at baseline. Logistic regression was employed in analyses. RESULTS Approximately 8% of participants reported having used nicotine at least once between baseline and the follow-up, and 4.7% reported solely using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and no other forms of nicotine. In multivariable analyses, we controlled for many environmental, social, and behavioral variables known to influence nicotine use such as alcohol use, peer substance use, and perceived access to nicotine. We formulated our main independent variable, caffeine consumption, as continuous deciles. Any nicotine use, as well as ENDS use only at follow-up, were modeled as dependent variables. Caffeine was significantly associated with nicotine use in both models with ORs of 1.15 (1.04-1.27) and 1.13 (1.00-1.28). CONCLUSIONS Caffeine consumption among 6th grade non-nicotine users was associated with nicotine use at approximately 6-months follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfgeir L Kristjansson
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
- Icelandic Center for Social Research and Analysis, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Steven M Kogan
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia College of Family and Consumer Sciences, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Michael J Mann
- Department of Community and Environmental Health, Boise State University, College of Health Sciences, Boise, ID, United States of America
| | - Megan L Smith
- Department of Community and Environmental Health, Boise State University, College of Health Sciences, Boise, ID, United States of America
| | - Christa L Lilly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
| | - Jack E James
- Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Risky behaviors, substance use, and other lifestyle correlates of energy drink consumption in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:1307-1319. [PMID: 34988663 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Increasing concerns have been raised on the health-related risks connected with energy drink (ED) consumption in children and adolescents, with high acute or chronic consumers exceeding 10% in either age group in Europe in 2011. Preliminary evidence has suggested a common pattern of ED and substance use, especially alcohol. Additional evidence has been accumulating very fast; in addition, other lifestyle and risky behaviors may contribute to shed light on the complex interplay of factors involved in ED consumption. We have undertaken a comprehensive systematic review of the evidence on psychosocial correlates of ED consumption in 0-18 years subjects, as published up to April 1, 2021, in MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Reviews and Central Register of Controlled Trials, which allowed to select 104 original articles. Only ~ 10% of the papers provided results based on longitudinal analyses. A common pattern of ED consumption and polysubstance use, including alcohol, tobacco, and soft and hard drugs, was still confirmed in adolescents; violent and risky behaviors were also related to a higher ED consumption. In addition, frequent ED consumers are more likely to have bad dietary habits, including consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and junk foods. A generally inconclusive evidence was found for sport/physical activities, although sedentary behaviors were generally related to ED consumption. CONCLUSIONS Frequent ED consumption might be a screening indicator to identify students at risk of substance use or other risky/problem behaviors; enquiring about an adolescent's recent ED consumption could create opportunities for early intervention/prevention by informed pediatricians. WHAT IS KNOWN • Substances, especially alcohol, are associated with energy drinks in most cross-sectional studies. WHAT IS NEW • Violent behaviors are associated with energy drink consumption, in the absence of longitudinal studies; problematic use of internet/videogames deserves further investigation; unhealthy dietary patterns are related to energy drinks; evidence on physical activity is inconclusive, but sedentary behaviors are related to energy drinks.
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Silva-Maldonado P, Arias-Rico J, Romero-Palencia A, Román-Gutiérrez AD, Ojeda-Ramírez D, Ramírez-Moreno E. Consumption Patterns of Energy Drinks in Adolescents and Their Effects on Behavior and Mental Health: A Systematic Review. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2021; 60:41-47. [PMID: 34432594 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20210818-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current review was to analyze primary studies about energy drink consumption patterns in adolescents and their relationship with mental health. PubMed, PLOS ONE, PsycINFO, and ScienceDirect databases were searched to identify articles related to adverse effects of energy drinks in adolescents and young adults aged 11 to 18 years. Psychological and behavioral measures were based on validated screening tools used in various contexts, and bias was detected in energy drink consumption patterns. In regard to sex, boys consumed more energy drinks than girls, and a strong, positive association was reported between consumption and probability of risky behaviors; tendency for anxiety, depression, and impulsivity; poor academic performance; and sleep disturbances. A progressive increase in consumption was also noted of 25% to 75% within 5 years. Findings suggest that standardized consumption pattern assessment be included in evaluations of mental health to determine potential causal relationships. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(x), xx-xx.].
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Fagan MJ, Di Sebastiano KM, Qian W, Leatherdale S, Faulkner G. Coffee and cigarettes: Examining the association between caffeinated beverage consumption and smoking behaviour among youth in the COMPASS study. Prev Med Rep 2020; 19:101148. [PMID: 32695565 PMCID: PMC7363697 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeinated beverage consumption is associated with smoking behaviours in youth. High energy drink consumption is most strongly associated with smoking behaviours. Caffeinated beverages and smoking behaviour demonstrate a dose–response association.
In adults, coffee, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and high energy drink consumption have been related to increases in risky behaviour, including smoking. However, these associations are not well understood during adolescence. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between beverage consumption and smoking behaviour among Canadian adolescents. Using data from the COMPASS study (2016–2017; n = 46,957), four models were developed to investigate whether beverage consumption explained variability in smoking behaviour in adolescence (age = 15.7 ± 1.2 yrs); 1) smoking status; 2) e-cigarette use status; 3) days smoking cigarettes per month; and 4) days using an e-cigarette per month. Models were adjusted for demographic factors. Logistic (models 1 and 2) and ordinal logistic (models 3 and 4) were used for analysis. An association between the frequency of SSBs, coffee/tea or high energy drinks consumption and smoking behaviour was identified in all models. Greater beverage consumption was associated with being a current smoker (OR = 2.46 (2.02, 2.99)), former smoker, (OR = 2.50 (1.53, 4.08)), and currently using an e-cigarette (OR = 4.66 (3.40, 6.40)). Higher beverage consumption was also associated with more days smoking/using an e-cigarette per month (OR = 2.67 (1.92, 3.70) and 3.45 (2.32, 5.12), respectively). High energy drink consumption on 4 or 5 days of the school week was the best predictor of smoking behaviour in all models. Given the health consequences of smoking and e-cigarette use and their association with SSB, high energy drinks and coffee consumption, policy initiatives to prevent smoking initiation and limit access to these beverages needs ongoing attention and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew James Fagan
- Population Physical Activity Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Katie Mary Di Sebastiano
- Population Physical Activity Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wei Qian
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Scott Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- Population Physical Activity Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Masengo L, Hamilton HA, Chaput JP. Energy Drink Consumption and Substance Use Among Middle and High School Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3110. [PMID: 32365667 PMCID: PMC7246708 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the association between energy drink consumption and substance use among adolescents and tested whether sex and/or grade level (i.e., middle vs. high school) moderate the association. Data were derived from the 2017 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a representative survey of students in 7th to 12th grade. Analyses included 10,662 students who self-reported information on energy drink consumption and substance use. Poisson regression models were used with adjustments for important covariates. Energy drink consumption was associated with tobacco cigarette smoking (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 3.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.22-4.35), cannabis use (IRR: 2.90; 95% CI: 2.53-3.32), binge drinking (IRR: 2.46; 95% CI: 2.05-2.96), opioid use (IRR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.85-2.68), and alcohol use (IRR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.26-1.36). The associations of energy drink consumption with tobacco cigarette smoking, cannabis use, and alcohol consumption were modified by grade level (two-way interaction terms p < 0.05). The association between energy drink consumption and substance use was generally much stronger among middle school students compared with high school students. The findings suggest that middle school students may be more vulnerable to the negative effects of energy drinks in relation with substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada;
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Lydie Masengo
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
| | - Hayley A. Hamilton
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada;
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada;
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
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Marmorstein NR. Investigating associations between caffeinated beverage consumption and later alcohol consumption among early adolescents. Addict Behav 2019; 90:362-368. [PMID: 30522076 PMCID: PMC6345576 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated that caffeinated beverage consumption predicts alcohol consumption among early adolescents. This study aimed to investigate this association in two ways: (1) by examining if this association remained significant once other established risk factors for alcohol were adjusted for statistically; and (2) by considering three possible moderators of this association: gender, sensation-seeking, and parental monitoring. Data from the Camden Youth Development Study, a longitudinal, community-based study of middle-school students, were used. Youth were initially assessed in 6th and 7th grade and followed-up 16 months later. Self-reports of frequency of energy drink, coffee, and alcohol consumption, as well as sensation-seeking, perceived peer and best friend alcohol use, alcohol expectancies, and parental monitoring, were used. Results indicated that both energy drink and coffee consumption predicted later alcohol consumption, even after adjusting for other risk factors for alcohol consumption. Parental monitoring was a significant moderator of this link, such that youth who consumed energy drinks and reported low parental monitoring were particularly at risk for later alcohol consumption. These findings indicate that the link between earlier caffeine consumption and later alcohol consumption is not simply due to the co-occurrence of caffeine consumption with other risk factors for alcohol use. In addition, risk associated with early energy drink consumption appears to be particularly pronounced for youth in families characterized by low parental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi R Marmorstein
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Camden 311 North 5th Street, Camden NJ 08102, United States.
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Academic Achievement, Stress, and Energy Drink Consumption Among Middle School Youth. J Caffeine Adenosine Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/caff.2018.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Miller KE, Dermen KH, Lucke JF. Caffeinated energy drink use by U.S. adolescents aged 13-17: A national profile. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2018; 32:647-659. [PMID: 30124307 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the national prevalence and distribution of adolescent use of caffeinated energy drinks, assessing variations in sociodemographic characteristics, personality traits, lifestyles, and patterns of alcohol and caffeine use. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in May 2014, using a nationally representative sample of 1,032 U.S. early (aged 13-15; n = 602) and middle adolescents (aged 16-17; n = 430). Nearly two thirds of teens reported ever using energy drinks; 41% had done so recently, that is, in the past 3 months. Middle adolescents reported higher prevalences of both lifetime and recent use of energy drinks than early adolescents. Common situational contexts for use (e.g., compensating for lack of sleep or playing sports) differed by both gender and age cohort. In hierarchical logistic regression analyses, gender and geographic region significantly predicted both lifetime and recent use for early adolescents only, whereas age and race were significant predictors only for middle adolescents. For both age cohorts, odds of both lifetime and recent use increased with sensation-seeking score, lifetime alcohol use, and recent caffeinated soft drink use. Among early adolescents, grade point average predicted lifetime use only, whereas coffee and caffeine pill use predicted recent use only. Among middle adolescents, impulsivity and past sports participation predicted lifetime but not recent use. Our findings show that adolescent energy drink use is widespread and varies as a function of demographic, psychosocial, lifestyle, and substance use characteristics. Future research is needed to assess whether differences between early and middle adolescent use patterns are primarily developmental or cohort effects. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Miller
- Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York
| | - Kurt H Dermen
- Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York
| | - Joseph F Lucke
- Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York
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Energy drink exposures reported to Texas poison centers: Analysis of adverse incidents in relation to total sales, 2010–2014. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 97:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kristjansson AL, Kogan SM, Mann MJ, Smith ML, Juliano LM, Lilly CL, James JE. Does early exposure to caffeine promote smoking and alcohol use behavior? A prospective analysis of middle school students. Addiction 2018; 113:10.1111/add.14261. [PMID: 29707859 PMCID: PMC6207478 DOI: 10.1111/add.14261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite the negative consequences associated with caffeine use among children and youth, its use is increasingly widespread among middle school students. Cross-sectional studies reveal links between caffeine and other substance use. The potential for caffeine use to confer increased vulnerability to substance use, however, has not been investigated using prospective designs. We hypothesized that caffeine use at baseline would be associated positively with increased alcohol use, drunkenness, smoking and e-cigarette use. DESIGN Prospective cohort study with 12 months separating baseline from follow-up. SETTING West Virginia, USA. PARTICIPANTS Middle school students (6th and 7th grades; n = 3932) in three West Virginia (WV) counties provided data at baseline and follow-up 12 months later. MEASUREMENTS Youth self-reported their use of caffeine from multiple sources (e.g. soda, energy drinks, coffee and tea), cigarette smoking, electronic cigarette use, alcohol use and drunkenness. FINDINGS Cross-lagged path models for individual substance use categories provided a good fit to the data. Controlling for demographic variables and other substance use at baseline, caffeine at time 1 (T1) was associated positively with T2 cigarette smoking (β = 0.27, P = 0.001), e-cigarette use (β = 0.21, P = 0.001), alcohol use (β = 0.17, P = 0.001) and drunkenness (β = 0.15, P = 0.001). Conversely, non-significant relations emerged between three of four substances at T1 and caffeine at T2. Positive relations were found between e-cigarette use at T1 and caffeine use at T2 (β = 0.07, P = 0.006). These findings were supported by an omnibus model with all substances included. Specifically, significant relations were observed between caffeine at T1 and all substance use outcomes at T2, whereas no significant relations were observed between substance use and caffeine over time. CONCLUSIONS Caffeine may promote early use of other types of substances among middle school-aged adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfgeir L. Kristjansson
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Icelandic Center for Social Research and Analysis, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Steven M. Kogan
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Michael J. Mann
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Megan L. Smith
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Laura M. Juliano
- Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christa L. Lilly
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jack E. James
- Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Dawodu A, Cleaver K. Behavioural correlates of energy drink consumption among adolescents: A review of the literature. J Child Health Care 2017; 21:446-462. [PMID: 29110525 DOI: 10.1177/1367493517731948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite regulatory measures on the labelling of energy drinks (EDs), their consumption among adolescents continues to grow in popularity, but teachers increasingly report significant behavioural concerns among students who disclose habitual ED consumption. A review of papers published between January 2010 and October 2016 was undertaken to determine whether an association between adverse behaviour and consumption of ED exists. Findings indicate that ED consumption among adolescents is associated with alcohol and substance use, risky behaviours and psychological states including sensation seeking, depression and anxiety symptoms. ED consumption impacts negatively on executive functions and increases hyperactivity/inattention symptoms among adolescents. An inverse association between ED consumption and sleep duration exists. The findings highlight the need for greater awareness of the potential risk of ED consumption among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ade Dawodu
- 1 Central London Community Healthcare NHS Trust (CLCH), Soho Centre for Health and Care, Soho, London, UK
| | - Karen Cleaver
- 2 Faculty of Education & Health, University of Greenwich, London, UK
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Marmorstein NR. Interactions Between Energy Drink Consumption and Sleep Problems: Associations with Alcohol Use Among Young Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CAFFEINE RESEARCH 2017; 7:111-116. [PMID: 28875062 PMCID: PMC5582584 DOI: 10.1089/jcr.2017.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Energy drink consumption and sleep problems are both associated with alcohol use among adolescents. In addition, caffeine consumption (including energy drinks) is associated with sleep problems. However, information about how these three constructs may interact is limited. The goal of this study was to examine potential interactions between energy drink consumption and sleep problems in the concurrent prediction of alcohol use among young adolescents. Coffee and soda consumption were also examined for comparison. Methods: Participants from the Camden Youth Development Study were included (n = 127; mean age = 13.1; 68% Hispanic, 29% African American) and questionnaire measures of frequency of caffeinated beverage consumption (energy drinks, coffee, and soda), sleep (initial insomnia, sleep disturbances, daytime fatigue, and sleep duration), and alcohol consumption were used. Regression analyses were conducted to examine interactions between caffeinated beverage consumption and sleep in the concurrent prediction of alcohol use. Results: Energy drink consumption interacted with initial insomnia and daytime fatigue to concurrently predict particularly frequent alcohol use among those with either of these sleep-related problems and energy drink consumption. The pattern of results for coffee consumption was similar for insomnia but reached only a trend level of significance. Results of analyses examining soda consumption were nonsignificant. Conclusions: Young adolescents who both consume energy drinks and experience initial insomnia and/or daytime fatigue are at particularly high risk for alcohol use. Coffee consumption appears to be associated with similar patterns. Longitudinal research is needed to explain the developmental pathways by which these associations emerge, as well as mediators and moderators of these associations.
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