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Kim J, Kelley J, Kleinschmit K, Richards N, Adams T. Development of dementia in patients who underwent bariatric surgery. Surg Endosc 2022; 37:3507-3521. [PMID: 36581785 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09837-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, interfere with daily function and are one of the major causes of disability, institutionalization, and death. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, the effect of significant and sustained weight loss following bariatric surgery on dementia is not known. The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term risk of dementia following bariatric surgery. METHODS A surgical cohort was identified from the Utah Bariatric Surgery Registry and was linked to the Utah Population Database that includes electronic medical records, death records, and State Facility data. Adult subjects (≥ 18 years old) at time of surgery (1996-2016) were matched with non-surgical subjects. The final sample included 51,078 subjects (1:2 matching); surgery group n = 17,026; non-surgery subjects n = 34,052). Dementia were identified by ICD-9/10 diagnosis codes following surgery year or matched baseline year. Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratio in the outcome between the groups. RESULTS Average (SD) age of the subjects was 42 (12) years old at surgery or matched baseline year, 78% were female and mean follow-up time was 10.5 years. 1.4% of the surgery group and 0.5% of the control group had an incidence of dementia. Controlling the covariates in the Cox regression, the surgery group had a higher risk for dementia incidence than the matched non-surgery subjects (HR = 1.33, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The study showed an increased hazard for dementia in individuals who underwent bariatric surgery compared to matched non-surgical subjects. Additional long-term data is needed to verify this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewhan Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA.
| | - Joshua Kelley
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Kristi Kleinschmit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Nathan Richards
- Intermountain Health Care, 5300 South State Street, Murray, UT, 84107, USA
| | - Ted Adams
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
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2
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Kheirvari M, Lacy VA, Goudarzi H, RabieNezhad Ganji N, Kamali Ardekani M, Anbara T. The changes in cognitive function following bariatric surgery considering the function of gut microbiome. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2022; 3:100020. [PMID: 37990721 PMCID: PMC10662092 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background There is a correlation between gut microbiota and cognitive function. The mechanisms and pathways explain why the incidence of Alzheimer's disease in subjects undergoing bariatric surgery is lower than in other people with obesity. Methods In this review article, we aim to discuss the association of obesity, cognitive impairment, and physiological changes after bariatric surgery. Results Bariatric surgery has a series of physiological benefits which may lead to an improvement in cognitive functions in individuals who are prone to later developing Alzheimer's disease. Also, taxonomical change in the gut microbiome profile provides a healthy condition for living with better levels of cognition without neuropathological damages in older ages. Conclusion It can be concluded that there is a possible correlation between cognitive dysfunction and increased risk of cognitive dysfunction in people with a BMI higher than 40 kg/m2. Bariatric surgery may increase neurotransmitters and improve the gut bacteria, leading to a significant reduction in the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Kheirvari
- Microbiology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | - Taha Anbara
- Medical Research Center, Tandis Hospital, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Samuel I, Ben-Haroush Schyr R, Arad Y, Attali T, Azulai S, Bergel M, Halfon A, Hefetz L, Hirsch T, Israeli H, Lax N, Nitzan K, Sender D, Sweetat S, Okun E, Rosenmann H, Ben-Zvi D. Sleeve Gastrectomy Reduces Glycemia but Does Not Affect Cognitive Impairment in Lean 5xFAD Mice. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:937663. [PMID: 36033613 PMCID: PMC9403181 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.937663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and hyperglycemia are risk factors for cognitive decline and for the development of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for obesity that was shown to improve cognitive decline in obese patients. Bariatric surgery was shown to exert weight loss independent effects on metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. We tested whether sleeve gastrectomy (SG), a common bariatric surgery, can affect the cognitive impairment in lean, normoglycemic female 5xFAD mice, a genetic model for AD. 5xFAD mice and wild-type (WT) littermates underwent SG or sham surgery at the age of 5 months and were tested for metabolic, behavioral, and molecular phenotypes 90 days later. SG led to a reduction in blood glucose levels and total plasma cholesterol levels in 5xFAD mice without inducing weight loss. However, the surgery did not affect the outcomes of long-term spatial memory tests in these mice. Analysis of β-Amyloid plaques corroborated the behavioral studies in showing no effect of surgery on the molecular phenotype of 5xFAD mice. In conclusion, SG leads to an improved metabolic profile in lean female 5xFAD mice without inducing weight loss but does not affect the brain pathology or behavioral phenotype. Our results suggest that the positive effects of bariatric surgery on cognitive decline in obese patients are likely attributed to weight loss and improvement in obesity sequelae, and not to weight loss independent effects of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itia Samuel
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Ben-Haroush Schyr
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yhara Arad
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Military Medicine and Tzameret, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tamar Attali
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shira Azulai
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Bergel
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aviv Halfon
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Military Medicine and Tzameret, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liron Hefetz
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Military Medicine and Tzameret, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tamir Hirsch
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Paul Feder Laboratory on Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hadar Israeli
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Neta Lax
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Keren Nitzan
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dana Sender
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sahar Sweetat
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eitan Okun
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Paul Feder Laboratory on Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hanna Rosenmann
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- *Correspondence: Hanna Rosenmann,
| | - Danny Ben-Zvi
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- Danny Ben-Zvi,
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4
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Walø-Syversen G, Kvalem IL, Kristinsson J, Eribe IL, Rø Ø, Brunborg C, Dahlgren CL. Visual, Verbal and Everyday Memory 2 Years After Bariatric Surgery: Poorer Memory Performance at 1-Year Follow-Up. Front Psychol 2021; 11:607834. [PMID: 33488469 PMCID: PMC7820680 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.607834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe obesity has been associated with reduced performance on tests of verbal memory in bariatric surgery candidates. There is also some evidence that bariatric surgery leads to improved verbal memory, yet these findings need further elucidation. Little is known regarding postoperative memory changes in the visual domain and how patients subjectively experience their everyday memory after surgery. The aim of the current study was to repeat and extend prior findings on postoperative memory by investigating visual, verbal, and self-reported everyday memory following surgery, and to examine whether weight loss and somatic comorbidity predict memory performance. The study was a prospective, observational study in which participants (n = 48) underwent cognitive testing at baseline, 1 and 2 years after bariatric surgery. Repeated measures analyses of variance revealed significantly poorer visual and verbal memory performance at the 1-year follow-up, with performance subsequently returning to baseline levels after 2 years. Verbal learning and self-reported everyday memory did not show significant postoperative changes. Memory performance at 1 year was not significantly predicted by weight loss, changes in C-reactive protein levels or postoperative somatic comorbidity (Type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, and hypertension). The study demonstrated poorer visual and verbal memory performance at 1-year follow-up that returned to baseline levels after 2 years. These findings are in contrast to most previous studies and require further replication, however, the results indicate that postoperative memory improvements following bariatric surgery are not universal. Findings suggest that treatment providers should also be aware of patients potentially having poorer memory at 1 year following surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gro Walø-Syversen
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jon Kristinsson
- Centre for Morbid Obesity and Bariatric Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger L Eribe
- Centre for Morbid Obesity and Bariatric Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Rø
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Brunborg
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Camilla Lindvall Dahlgren
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
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5
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Tucker WJ, Thomas BP, Puzziferri N, Samuel TJ, Zaha VG, Lingvay I, Almandoz J, Wang J, Gonzales EA, Brothers RM, Nelson MD. Impact of bariatric surgery on cerebral vascular reactivity and cognitive function: a non-randomized pilot study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:21. [PMID: 32082607 PMCID: PMC7017515 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bariatric surgery is an effective long-term weight loss strategy yielding improvements in neurocognitive function; however, the mechanism(s) responsible for these improvements remains unclear. Here, we assessed the feasibility of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate whether cerebral vascular reactivity (CVR) is impaired in severely obese bariatric surgery candidates compared with normal weight healthy controls and whether CVR improves following bariatric surgery. We also investigated whether changes in CVR were associated with changes in cognitive function. Methods Bariatric surgery candidates (n = 6) were compared with normal weight healthy controls of a similar age (n = 10) at baseline, and then reassessed 2 weeks and 14 weeks following sleeve gastrectomy bariatric surgery. Young reference controls (n = 7) were also studied at baseline to establish the range of normal for each outcome measure. Microvascular and macrovascular CVR to hypercapnia (5% CO2) were assessed using blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) MRI, and changes in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) cross-sectional area, respectively. Cognitive function was assessed using a validated neurocognitive software. Results Compliance with the CVR protocol was high. Both macro- and micro-cerebrovascular function were highest in the young reference controls. Cognitive function was lower in obese bariatric surgery candidates compared with normal weight controls, and improved by 17% at 2 weeks and 21% by 14 weeks following bariatric surgery. To our surprise, whole-brain CVR BOLD did not differ between obese bariatric surgery candidates and normal weight controls of similar age (0.184 ± 0.101 vs. 0.192 ± 0.034 %BOLD/mmHgCO2), and did not change after bariatric surgery. In contrast, we observed vasoconstriction of the MCA during hypercapnia in 60% of the obese patients prior to surgery, which appeared to be abolished following bariatric surgery. Improvements in cognitive function were not associated with improvements in either CVR BOLD or MCA vasodilation after bariatric surgery. Conclusions Assessing CVR responses to a hypercapnic challenge with MRI was feasible in severely obese bariatric patients. However, no changes in whole-brain BOLD CVR were observed following bariatric surgery despite improvements in cognitive function. We recommend that future large trials assess CVR responses to cognitive tasks (rather than hypercapnia) to better define the mechanisms responsible for cognitive function improvements following bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley J Tucker
- 1Applied Physiology and Advanced Imaging Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Science & Engineering Innovation & Research Building, 701 S. Nedderman Drive, Room 105, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.,2Department of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Houston, TX USA
| | - Binu P Thomas
- 3Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA.,4Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX USA
| | - Nancy Puzziferri
- 5Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - T Jake Samuel
- 1Applied Physiology and Advanced Imaging Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Science & Engineering Innovation & Research Building, 701 S. Nedderman Drive, Room 105, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - Vlad G Zaha
- 3Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA.,6Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Ildiko Lingvay
- 7Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Jaime Almandoz
- 7Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Jing Wang
- 8College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX USA
| | - Edward A Gonzales
- 1Applied Physiology and Advanced Imaging Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Science & Engineering Innovation & Research Building, 701 S. Nedderman Drive, Room 105, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.,8College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX USA
| | - R Matthew Brothers
- 1Applied Physiology and Advanced Imaging Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Science & Engineering Innovation & Research Building, 701 S. Nedderman Drive, Room 105, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - Michael D Nelson
- 1Applied Physiology and Advanced Imaging Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Science & Engineering Innovation & Research Building, 701 S. Nedderman Drive, Room 105, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.,4Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX USA
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6
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A randomised controlled trial of manualized cognitive remediation therapy in adult obesity. Appetite 2018; 123:269-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Abstract
Increased body mass is directly associated with reduced cognitive function. The aim of this study was to systematically review the effect of bariatric weight loss surgery on cognitive function. A comprehensive and unrestricted literature search was conducted using the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and the Cochrane Library. A total of 414 publications were identified, of which 18 were included in the final review. Cognitive function as measured by a number of different assessment tools was shown to improve following surgically induced weight loss in most studies. Significant and rapid weight loss resulting from bariatric surgery is associated with prompt and sustained improvements in cognitive function including memory, executive function, and cognitive control.
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8
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Keshava HB, Mowla A, Heinberg LJ, Schauer PR, Brethauer SA, Aminian A. Bariatric surgery may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's diseases through GLP-1 mediated neuroprotective effects. Med Hypotheses 2017; 104:4-9. [PMID: 28673587 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are associated with deficits in multiple neurocognitive domains and increased risk for dementia. Over the last two decades, there has been a significant increase in bariatric and metabolic surgery worldwide, driven by rising intertwined pandemics of obesity and diabetes, along with improvement in surgical techniques. Patients undergoing bariatric surgery achieve a significant decrease in their excess weight and a multitude of sequela associated with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an intestinal peptide that has been implicated as one of the weight loss-independent mechanisms in how bariatric surgery affects type 2 diabetes. GLP-1 improves insulin secretion, inhibits apoptosis and induce pancreatic islet neogenesis, promotes satiety, and can regulate heart rate and blood pressure. Moreover, numerous studies have demonstrated potential neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of GLP-1. Increased GLP-1 activity has been shown to increase cortical activity, promote neuronal growth, and inhibit neuronal degeneration. Specifically, in experimental studies on Alzheimer's disease, GLP-1 decreases amyloid deposition and neurofibrillary tangles. Furthermore, recent studies have also suggested that GLP-1 based therapies, new class of antidiabetic drugs, have favorable effects on neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. We present a hypothesis that bariatric surgery can help delay or even prevent the onset of Alzheimer's disease in long-term by increasing the levels of GLP-1. This hypothesis has a potential for many studies from basic science projects to large population studies to fully understand the neurological and cognitive consequences of bariatric surgery and associated rise in GLP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari B Keshava
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ashkan Mowla
- Department of Neurology, Gates Vascular Institute, State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Leslie J Heinberg
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Philip R Schauer
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Stacy A Brethauer
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ali Aminian
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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9
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bariatric surgery has been consistently shown to be effective in long-term marked weight loss and in bringing significant improvement to medical comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome. Empirical data suggest a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among bariatric surgery candidates. In this review, we focus on the studies published recently with a high impact on our understanding of the role of psychiatry in bariatric surgery. RECENT FINDINGS This article reviews the specific psychopathologies before surgery, changes in psychopathologies after surgery, suicide risk related to bariatric surgery, factors associated with weight loss, and recommendations for presurgical and postsurgical assessment and management. Research indicates a decrease in certain psychiatric symptoms after weight loss with bariatric surgery. However, the risk of suicide and unsuccessful weight loss in some bariatric surgery patients make monitoring following surgery as important as careful assessment and management before surgery. Specific considerations for youth and older populations and future potential research foci are discussed. SUMMARY Recent publications suggest new directions for psychiatric evaluation and interventions for bariatric surgery patients. Future research on outcomes of specific populations, effectiveness of psychopharmacotherapy, and underlying pathophysiology are warranted for the advancement of treating bariatric surgery patients.
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10
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Eckenhoff RG, Planel E. Anesthesia, surgery and neurodegeneration. Preface. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 47:121. [PMID: 24207168 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roderick G Eckenhoff
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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11
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Fielding RA, Gunstad J, Gustafson DR, Heymsfield SB, Kral JG, Launer LJ, Penninger J, Phillips DIW, Scarmeas N. The paradox of overnutrition in aging and cognition. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1287:31-43. [PMID: 23682739 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Populations of many countries are becoming increasingly overweight and obese, driven largely by excessive calorie intake and reduced physical activity; greater body mass is accompanied by epidemic levels of comorbid metabolic diseases. At the same time, individuals are living longer. The combination of aging and the increased prevalence of metabolic disease is associated with increases in aging-related comorbid diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular dementia, and sarcopenia. Here, correlative and causal links between diseases of overnutrition and diseases of aging and cognition are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Fielding
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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