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Zhao Y, Shen G, Wang Y, Hao X, Li H. Controlling the Size of Hydrotalcite Particles and Its Impact on the Thermal Insulation Capabilities of Coatings. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2046. [PMID: 38730853 PMCID: PMC11084319 DOI: 10.3390/ma17092046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This study focuses on the development of high-performance insulation materials to address the critical issue of reducing building energy consumption. Magnesium-aluminum layered double hydroxides (LDHs), known for their distinctive layered structure featuring positively charged brucite-like layers and an interlayer space, have been identified as promising candidates for insulation applications. Building upon previous research, which demonstrated the enhanced thermal insulation properties of methyl trimethoxysilane (MTS) functionalized LDHs synthesized through a one-step in situ hydrothermal method, this work delves into the systematic exploration of particle size regulation and its consequential effects on the thermal insulation performance of coatings. Our findings indicate a direct correlation between the dosage of MTS and the particle size of LDHs, with an optimal dosage of 4 wt% MTS yielding LDHs that exhibit a tightly interconnected hydrotalcite lamellar structure. This specific modification resulted in the most significant improvement in thermal insulation, achieving a temperature difference of approximately 25.5 °C. Furthermore, to gain a deeper understanding of the thermal insulation mechanism of MTS-modified LDHs, we conducted a thorough characterization of their UV-visible diffuse reflectance and thermal conductivity. This research contributes to the advancement of LDH-based materials for use in thermal insulation applications, offering a sustainable solution to energy conservation in the built environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Zhaoqing Environmental Functional Materials Engineering Technology Center, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China
| | - Guanhua Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Zhaoqing Environmental Functional Materials Engineering Technology Center, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China
| | - Yongli Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Zhaoqing Environmental Functional Materials Engineering Technology Center, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China
| | - Xiangying Hao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Zhaoqing Environmental Functional Materials Engineering Technology Center, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China
| | - Huining Li
- Zhaoqing Rivers High-Tech Materials Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526061, China;
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Kumari S, Sharma A, Kumar S, Thakur A, Thakur R, Bhatia SK, Sharma AK. Multifaceted potential applicability of hydrotalcite-type anionic clays from green chemistry to environmental sustainability. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135464. [PMID: 35760140 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrotalcite-like anionic clays (HTs) also known as Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been developed as multifunctional materials in numerous applications related to catalysis, adsorption, and ion-exchange processes. These materials constitute an important class of ionic lamellar solid clays of Brucite-like structure which comprise of consecutive layers of divalent and trivalent metal cations with charge balancing anions and water molecules in interlayer space. These materials have received increasing attention in research due to their interesting properties namely layered structure, ease of preparation, flexible tunability, ability to intercalate different types of anions, electronic properties, high thermal stability, high biocompatibility, and easy biodegradation. Moreover, HTs/LDHs have unique tailorable and tuneable characteristics such as both acidic and basic sites, anion exchange capability, surface area, basal spacing, memory effect, and also exhibit high exchange capacities, which makes them versatile materials for a wide range of applications and extended their horizons to diverse areas of science and technology. This study enlightens the various rational researches related to the synthetic methods and features focusing on synthesis and/or fabrication with other hybrids and their applications. The diverse applications (namely catalyst, adsorbent to toxic chemicals, agrochemicals management, non-toxic flame retardants, and recycling of plastics) of these multifunctional materials related to a clean and sustainable environment were also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonika Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Career Point University, Tikker - Kharwarian, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, 176041, India
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Career Point University, Tikker - Kharwarian, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, 176041, India.
| | - Satish Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173230, India
| | - Abhinay Thakur
- Department of Zoology, DAV College, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144008, India
| | - Ramesh Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171005, India
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India.
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Lyu P, Hou Y, Wang R, Ma M, Chen Y, Xing Q, Ma Y, Wang S, Wu Y, Huang W. Synthesis of
ZnFe
2
O
4
@
Mg‐Al‐SDBS LDH
composites for regulating heat and fire safety properties of polyurea. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lyu
- School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao People's Republic of China
| | - Yongbo Hou
- School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao People's Republic of China
| | - Rongzhen Wang
- School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao People's Republic of China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Second Division Twenty‐second Mission Economic Development Office Xinjiang People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Ma
- School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyang Xing
- Tengzhou Comprehensive Inspection and Testing Center Tengzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ma
- School of Material Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wang
- School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao People's Republic of China
| | - Yuefeng Wu
- School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao People's Republic of China
| | - Weibo Huang
- School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao People's Republic of China
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4
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Wang K, Zhu H, Zheng S, Guo Y, Tang P, Ding Y, Jia W, Pan G, Guo Q. Dual‐exterior surface modification of layered double hydroxides and its application in flame retardant biobased poly(trimethylene terephthalate). J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kunyan Wang
- Department of Materials Chemistry Huzhou University Huzhou China
| | - Hongtao Zhu
- Department of Materials Chemistry Huzhou University Huzhou China
| | - Shaobin Zheng
- Department of Materials Chemistry Huzhou University Huzhou China
| | - Yuhua Guo
- Department of Materials Chemistry Huzhou University Huzhou China
| | - Peisong Tang
- Department of Materials Chemistry Huzhou University Huzhou China
| | - Yangbin Ding
- Department of Materials Chemistry Huzhou University Huzhou China
| | - Wenzhi Jia
- Department of Materials Chemistry Huzhou University Huzhou China
| | - Guoxiang Pan
- Department of Materials Chemistry Huzhou University Huzhou China
| | - Qipeng Guo
- Department of Materials Chemistry Huzhou University Huzhou China
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Jeevananthan V, Shanmugan S. Halogen-free layered double hydroxide-cyclotriphosphazene carboxylate flame retardants: effects of cyclotriphosphazene di, tetra and hexacarboxylate intercalation on layered double hydroxides against the combustible epoxy resin coated on wood substrates. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23322-23336. [PMID: 36090417 PMCID: PMC9380775 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02586h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of halogen-free flame retardants as environmentally friendly and renewable materials for heat and fire-resistant applications in the field of electronics is important to ensure safety measures. In this regard, we have proposed a simple and halogen-free strategy for the synthesis of flame retardant LDH-PN materials to decrease the fire hazards of epoxy resin (EP), via a co-precipitation reaction between Mg(NO3)2 and Al(NO3)3 and the subsequent incorporation of different cyclotriphosphazene (PN) carboxylate anions. The cyclotriphosphazene-based di, tetra and hexacarboxylate-intercalated layered double hydroxides are designated as LDH-PN-DC, LDH-PN-TC and LDH-PN-HC, respectively. Furthermore, the intercalation of cyclotriphosphazene carboxylate anions into the LDH layers was confirmed by PXRD, FT-IR, TGA, solid-state 31P NMR, nitrogen adsorption and desorption analysis (BET), HR-SEM and XPS. Evaluation of the flame retardant (vertical burning test and limiting oxygen index) properties was demonstrated by formulating the LDH-PN materials with epoxy resin (EP) in different ratios coated on wood substrates to achieve the desired behaviour of the EP/LDH-PN composites. Structure-property analysis reveals that EP/LDH-PN-TC-20 wt% and EP/LDH-PN-HC-20 wt% achieved a V 0 rating in the UL-94 V test and achieved higher LOI values (27.7 vol% for EP/LDH-PN-TC-20 wt% and 29 vol% for EP/LDH-PN-HC-20 wt%) compared to the epoxy-coated wood substrate (23.2 vol%), whereas EP/LDH-PN-DC failed in the vertical burning test for various weight percentages of LDH-PN-DC from 5 wt% to 20 wt% in the composites, with a lower LOI value of 22.1 vol%. Excellent flame retardancy was observed for EP/LDH-PN-TC and EP/LDH-PN-HC due to the presence of more binding sites of carboxylate anions in the LDH layers and less or no spiro groups in cyclotriphosphazene compared to that in EP/LDH-PN-DC. In addition, the synergistic flame retardant effect of the combination of LDH and cyclotriphosphazene on the epoxy resin composites remains very effective in creating a non-volatile protective film on the surface of the wood substrate to shelter it from air, absorb the heat and increase the ignition time, which prevents the supply of oxygen during the combustion process. The results of this study show that the proposed strategy for designing flame-retardant properties represents the state-of-the-art, competent coating of inorganic materials for the protection and functionalization of wood substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velusamy Jeevananthan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Swaminathan Shanmugan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 Tamil Nadu India
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Zhang J, Zhang H, Wang X, Zhang M. An environment friendly hemp fiber modified with phytic acid for enhancing fire safety of automobile parts. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2021-0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To overcome the pollution to the environment with the application of flame retardants in automobiles, complete environment-friendly flame retardants have aroused wide concern. Furthermore, natural fibers have replaced artificial fibers in various fields due to their excellent performance and environmentally friendly. Thus, in this work, modified hemp fiber (HF-P) via phytic acid was obtained and used as a green flame retardant for automobile parts containing unsaturated polyester resins (UPR). The flame retardance of UPR composites were tested by thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and cone calorimeter test. A total of 3 wt% HF-P imparted UPR matrix excellent flame retardancy. The LOI value of UPR/HF-P-3 composites was increased from 18.9% of pure UPR to 22.1%, and the values of AHRR and THR were reduced to 401.9 kW/m2 and 150.6 MJ/m2, respectively. TGA test shows that HF-P can effectively improve the carbon-forming ability of UPR composites, which provides a material basis for condensed phase flame retardancy. For mechanical properties, the incorporation of HP-F endows a better enhancement on flexural strength of UPR composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- School of New Energy and Intelligent Connected Vehicle, Anhui University of Science and Technology , Hefei 231100 , China
- Institute of Environment-Friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology , Wuhu 241000 , China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology , Huainan 231001 , China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology , Huainan 231001 , China
| | - Xuanyao Wang
- Institute of Environment-Friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology , Wuhu 241000 , China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology , Huainan 231001 , China
| | - Min Zhang
- Engineering and Research Institute, Chery Automobile Co., Ltd. , Wuhu 241000 , China
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Jung SY, Kim HM, Hwang S, Jeung DG, Rhee KJ, Oh JM. Physicochemical Properties and Hematocompatibility of Layered Double Hydroxide-Based Anticancer Drug Methotrexate Delivery System. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1210. [PMID: 33327415 PMCID: PMC7764879 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A layered double hydroxide (LDH)-based anticancer delivery system was investigated in terms of crystalline phase, particle size, hydrodynamic radius, zeta potential, etc. through in vitro and in vivo study. Size controlled LDH with anticancer drug methotrexate (MTX) incorporation was successfully prepared through step-by-step hydrothermal reaction and ion-exchange reaction. The MTX-LDH was determined to have a neutral surface charge and strong agglomeration in the neutral aqueous condition due to the surface adsorbed MTX; however, the existence of proteins in the media dramatically reduced agglomeration, resulting in the hydrodynamic radius of MTX-LDH being similar to the primary particle size. The protein fluorescence quenching assay exhibited that MTX readily reduced the fluorescence of proteins, suggesting that the interaction between MTX and proteins was strong. On the other hand, MTX-LDH showed much less binding constant to proteins compared with MTX, implying that the protein interaction of MTX was effectively blocked by the LDH carrier. The in vivo hemolysis assay after intravenous injection of MTX-LDH showed neither significant reduction in red blood cell number nor membrane damage. Furthermore, the morphology of red blood cells in a mouse model did not change upon MTX-LDH injection. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the MTX-LDH particles were attached on the blood cells without serious denaturation of cellular morphology, taking advantage of the cell hitchhiking property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yong Jung
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Jung-gu, Korea; (S.-Y.J.); (D.-G.J.)
| | - Hyoung-Mi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Medical Chemistry, Yonsei University MIRAE Campus, College of Science and Technology, Wonju 26493, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Soonjae Hwang
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Do-Gak Jeung
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Jung-gu, Korea; (S.-Y.J.); (D.-G.J.)
| | - Ki-Jong Rhee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University MIRAE Campus, College of Health Sciences, Wonju 26493, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Jae-Min Oh
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Jung-gu, Korea; (S.-Y.J.); (D.-G.J.)
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8
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Song K, Wang Y, Ruan F, Yang W, Liu J. Synthesis of a Novel Spirocyclic Inflatable Flame Retardant and Its Application in Epoxy Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2534. [PMID: 33138265 PMCID: PMC7694069 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Derivatives of 3,9-dichloro-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro-[5,5]undecane-3,9-dioxide (SPDPC) are of increasing interest as flame retardants for polymeric materials. In addition, SPDPC is also an important intermediate for the preparation of intumescent flame retardants (IFRs). However, low efficiency and undesirable dispersion are two major problems that seriously restrain the application of IFRs as appropriate flame retardants for polymer materials. Usually, the functionalization or modification of SPDPC is crucial to acquiring high-performance polymer composites. Here, a small molecule spirocyclic flame retardant diphenylimidazole spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphonate (PIPC) was successfully prepared through the substitution reaction between previously synthesized intermediate SPDPC and 2-phenylimidazole (PIM). Phenyl group and imidazole group were uniformly anchored on the molecular structure of SPDPC. This kind of more uniform distribution of flame retardant groups within the epoxy matrix resulted in a synergistic flame retardant effect and enhanced the strength of char layers to the epoxy composites, when compared to the unmodified epoxy. The sample reached a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 29.7% and passed with a V-0 rating in the UL 94 test with the incorporation of only 5 wt % of as-prepared flame retardant PIPC. Moreover, its peak of heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) decreased by 41.15% and 21.64% in a cone calorimeter test, respectively. Furthermore, the addition of PIPC has only slightly impacted the mechanical properties of epoxy composites with a low loading.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yinjie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.S.); (F.R.); (W.Y.)
| | | | | | - Jiping Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.S.); (F.R.); (W.Y.)
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Yue L, Li J, Zhou X, Sun Y, Gao M, Zhu T, Zhang X, Feng T, Shi Z, Liu Y. Flame Retardancy and Thermal Behavior of an Unsaturated Polyester Modified with Kaolinite-Urea Intercalation Complexes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204731. [PMID: 33076390 PMCID: PMC7587600 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic modified kaolinite-urea intercalation complex (KUIC) was prepared using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the precursor of kaolinite intercalation. Its structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Subsequently, as a synergistic agent, KUIC was combined with flame retardant ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to improve the flame retardant and smoke suppression performance of unsaturated polyester (UP) resin. A cone calorimeter (CONE) was used to study its flame retardancy and smoke suppression, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermogravimetry (TG) were used to study the micro morphology of the char and flame retardant mechanism. The results show that 12 phr of APP and 3 phr of KUIC were doped into UP to obtain a 28.0% limiting oxygen index (LOI) value. Compared with UP, the heat release rate and smoke production of UP/APP/KUIC composites were greatly decreased. Meanwhile, KUIC indeed enhanced the mechanical properties of UP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Yue
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Yanjiao, Beijing 101601, China; (L.Y.); (Y.S.); (M.G.); (X.Z.); (T.F.); (Z.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Junfei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Yanjiao, Beijing 101601, China; (L.Y.); (Y.S.); (M.G.); (X.Z.); (T.F.); (Z.S.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-15624957149
| | - Yingjuan Sun
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Yanjiao, Beijing 101601, China; (L.Y.); (Y.S.); (M.G.); (X.Z.); (T.F.); (Z.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ming Gao
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Yanjiao, Beijing 101601, China; (L.Y.); (Y.S.); (M.G.); (X.Z.); (T.F.); (Z.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Taohua Zhu
- School of Electronic Science and Control Engineering, Institute of Disaster Prevention, Yanjiao, Beijing 101601, China;
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Yanjiao, Beijing 101601, China; (L.Y.); (Y.S.); (M.G.); (X.Z.); (T.F.); (Z.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Teng Feng
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Yanjiao, Beijing 101601, China; (L.Y.); (Y.S.); (M.G.); (X.Z.); (T.F.); (Z.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhanhong Shi
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Yanjiao, Beijing 101601, China; (L.Y.); (Y.S.); (M.G.); (X.Z.); (T.F.); (Z.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongchun Liu
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Yanjiao, Beijing 101601, China; (L.Y.); (Y.S.); (M.G.); (X.Z.); (T.F.); (Z.S.); (Y.L.)
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Mallakpour S, Hatami M, Hussain CM. Recent innovations in functionalized layered double hydroxides: Fabrication, characterization, and industrial applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 283:102216. [PMID: 32763493 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) are a group of hydrotalcite-like nano-sized materials with cationic layers and exchangeable interlayer anions. The wide range of divalent and trivalent cationic metals and anionic compounds are employed in the synthesis of LDH materials, which have improved their importance among the researchers. Because of their high anion exchange property, memory effect, tunable behavior, bio-friendly, simple preparation, and their affordability, these nano-materials are essentially interested today. Modification of LDHs improves their behaviours to make them appropriate in industrial fields, including biological, adsorbent, mechanical, optical, thermal, electrical fields, etc. This review has critically discussed the structural features, main properties, and also clarified the most important methods of modification and intercalation of LDH nano-materials. Moreover, some novel reported researches related to the successful modification of LDH materials have been characterized and briefly the advantages, disadvantages, and applications are presented in the industrial fields.
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11
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Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wang L. New near-infrared emissions and energy transfer in Er 3+ -doped MgAl layered double hydroxides. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 35:1125-1133. [PMID: 32488962 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of Er3+ -doped magnesium aluminium layered double hydroxides (Er3+ -doped, MgAl-LDHs) with different Mg2+ /(Al3+ +Er3+ ) molar ratios were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. Compositional and structural analyses suggest that the Er3+ -doped MgAl-LDHs kept a hexagonal structure while the Mg2+ /(Al3+ +Er3+ ) molar ratio was at 1.0-4.1. The downconverted emission spectra of the Er3+ -doped MgAl-LDHs showed a red emission at 650 nm and strong infrared emissions at 720, 780, and 850 nm. These infrared emissions were hardly observed in previous downconverted emission spectra of Er3+ -doped materials. In the analysis of the Er3+ energy levels and in relevant published literature, the energy transfer diagram for Er3+ -doped in MgAl-LDHs is described, and infrared emissions at 720, 780, and 850 nm may be attributed to 4 F7/2 →4 I13/2 , 2 H11/2 →4 I13/2 , and 4 S3/2 →4 I13/2 transitions of Er3+ , respectively. Er3+ -doped MgAl-LDHs could have potential application as marking and targeting agents in the processes for drug delivery in consideration of the strong near-infrared Er3+ emissions, as well as the special layered structure of MgAl-LDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Chen
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yajiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jiwan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
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Xu S, Li SY, Zhang M, Zeng HY, Wu K, Tian XY, Chen CR, Pan Y. Fabrication of green alginate-based and layered double hydroxides flame retardant for enhancing the fire retardancy properties of polypropylene. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 234:115891. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Effects of a Macromolecule Spirocyclic Inflatable Flame Retardant on the Thermal and Flame Retardant Properties of Epoxy Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010132. [PMID: 31935810 PMCID: PMC7022497 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A new strategy for the preparation of an integrated three-source intumescent flame retardant (IFR) has been developed to improve the flame-retardant and smoke suppression performance of epoxy resin (EP) with a synergistic flame retardant effect. Herein, the synthesis of a macromolecular spirocyclic phosphorus/nitrogen-containing IFR poly sulfonamide spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphonate (SAPC) is reported via a two-step method that uses pentaerythritol, phosphorus oxychloride and sulfonamide (SAA) as raw materials. Subsequently, the SAPC was incorporated into EP to prepare the composite to investigate its thermal stability, flame retardancy, and smoke suppression performance. Herein, a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the addition of SAPC increased the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the composite. Cone test results indicated that the incorporation of 8 wt % SAPC significantly improved the flame-retardant performance for the composite, with a 43.45% decrease in peak of heat release rate, a 28.55% reduction in total heat release, and a 30.04% decrease in total smoke release. Additionally, the composite received the V-0 rating in a UL-94 vertical burning test, accompanied by the “blowout” phenomenon. After the addition of SAPC, the amount of flammable gas products from the EP composite decomposition was obviously suppressed, and the amount of non-flammable as was increased. All of this suggests a good dilution role of SAPC. There are enough reasons to believe that the enhanced flame-retardant and toxicity suppression performance for the EP composite can be attributed to the good coordination of carbonization agent, acid source, and blowing agent in the SAPC structure.
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14
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Nanoreinforcements of Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Flame Retardant Polymeric Composites: An Overview. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/4273253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymer materials are ubiquitous in daily life. While polymers are often convenient and helpful, their properties often obscure the fire hazards they may pose. Therefore, it is of great significance in terms of safety to study the flame retardant properties of polymers while still maintaining their optimal performance. Current literature shows that although traditional flame retardants can satisfy the requirements of polymer flame retardancy, due to increases in product requirements in industry, including requirements for durability, mechanical properties, and environmental friendliness, it is imperative to develop a new generation of flame retardants. In recent years, the preparation of modified two-dimensional nanomaterials as flame retardants has attracted wide attention in the field. Due to their unique layered structures, two-dimensional nanomaterials can generally improve the mechanical properties of polymers via uniform dispersion, and they can form effective physical barriers in a matrix to improve the thermal stability of polymers. For polymer applications in specialized fields, different two-dimensional nanomaterials have potential conductivity, high thermal conductivity, catalytic activity, and antiultraviolet abilities, which can meet the flame retardant requirements of polymers and allow their use in specific applications. In this review, the current research status of two-dimensional nanomaterials as flame retardants is discussed, as well as a mechanism of how they can be applied for reducing the flammability of polymers.
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15
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Rahimi-Aghdam T, Shariatinia Z, Hakkarainen M, Haddadi-Asl V. Polyacrylonitrile/N,P co-doped graphene quantum dots-layered double hydroxide nanocomposite: Flame retardant property, thermal stability and fire hazard. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Chu F, Hou Y, Liu L, Qiu S, Cai W, Xu Z, Song L, Hu W. Hierarchical Structure: An effective Strategy to Enhance the Mechanical Performance and Fire Safety of Unsaturated Polyester Resin. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:29436-29447. [PMID: 31339293 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is still a big challenge to prepare polymer/layered double hydroxide (LDH) composites with high performance, due to the strong agglomeration tendency of LDHs in the polymeric matrix. In this study, to avoid the agglomerated situation, the orientated LDH nanosheets were vertically grown on a ramie fabric surface, which was then embedded in unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) through the combination method of hand lay-up and vacuum bag. Due to the increased contact area and the restricted interfacial slip in the in-plane direction, the hierarchically LDH-functionalized ramie fabrics (denoted as Textile@LDH) significantly enhanced the mechanical performance of UPR composites. Then, the phosphorus- and silicon-containing coating (PSi) was used for the further improvement of the interfacial adhesion. The tensile strength of UPR/Textile@LDH@PSi composites increased by 121.67%, compared to that of neat UPR. The reinforcement mechanism was studied through analyzing the surface nano/microstructure and wetting properties of the raw and modified textiles, as well as the interfacial interaction between the ramie fabrics and UPR. Meanwhile, the thermal stability, thermal conductivity, and flame-retardant performance of ramie-reinforced UPR composites were improved. Particularly, as-prepared hierarchical Textile@LDH@PSi inhibited the heat release during the combustion process of fabric-reinforced UPR composites, and the peak heat release rate and total heat release values decreased by 36.56 and 47.57%, respectively, compared with the neat UPR/Textile composites. The suppression mechanism was further explored by analyzing the microstructure and chemical compositions of char residues. This research paved a feasible solution to improve the poor dispersion of LDHs in polymers and prepared the high-performance UPR composites with multifunctional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Yanbei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Longxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Shuilai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Zhoumei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Weizhao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science , University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
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17
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Yu Y, Chen Z, Zhang Q, Jiang M, Zhong Z, Chen T, Jiang J. Modified montmorillonite combined with intumescent flame retardants on the flame retardancy and thermal stability properties of unsaturated polyester resins. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yu
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 210009 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Zhiquan Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Qingwu Zhang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Mengwei Jiang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Zhihao Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Anhui University; Heifei 230601 China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Juncheng Jiang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 210009 China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 210009 China
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18
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Jiang M, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Zhang Q, Huang B, Chen Z, Chen T, Jiang J. Flame retardancy of unsaturated polyester composites with modified ammonium polyphosphate, montmorillonite, and zinc borate. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Jiang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Mail Box 13, No. 200 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yunshu Zhang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Mail Box 13, No. 200 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control; Nanjing Tech University; Mail Box 13, No. 200 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Qingwu Zhang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Mail Box 13, No. 200 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Bujun Huang
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Mail Box 13, No. 200 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Zhiquan Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Mail Box 13, No. 200 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Mail Box 13, No. 200 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Juncheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control; Nanjing Tech University; Mail Box 13, No. 200 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
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19
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Electron beam irradiation of zinc borate flame retardant containing acrylonite-butadiene-styrene (ABS) composites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Jiang G, Chen L, Jiang S, Zhou K, Shi X, Mou W. Establishment of highly effective flame-retardant unsaturated polyester resin system based on multiple strategies. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Saihua Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Keqing Zhou
- Faculty of Engineering; China University of Geosciences (Wuhan); Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Xingxing Shi
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Wenjie Mou
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
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21
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Wang PJ, Hu XP, Liao DJ, Wen Y, Hull TR, Miao F, Zhang QT. Dual Fire Retardant Action: The Combined Gas and Condensed Phase Effects of Azo-Modified NiZnAl Layered Double Hydroxide on Intumescent Polypropylene. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b03953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Ji Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Hu
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
- Centre
for Fire and Hazards Science, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
| | - Dui-Jun Liao
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wen
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
| | - T. Richard Hull
- Centre
for Fire and Hazards Science, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, U.K
| | - Fei Miao
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
| | - Quan-Tong Zhang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, P. R. China
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22
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Xu W, Xu B, Li A, Wang X, Wang G. Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of MgAl Layered Double Hydroxides Containing P and Si in Polyurethane Elastomer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b02708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzong Xu
- School
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People’s Republic of China
- State
Key Lab of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoling Xu
- School
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aijiao Li
- School
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guisong Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Lin Y, Jiang S, Gui Z, Li G, Shi X, Chen G, Peng X. Synthesis of a novel highly effective flame retardant containing multivalent phosphorus and its application in unsaturated polyester resins. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19798a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unsaturated polyester resin (UP) as one of the most important thermoset materials often exhibits serious fire hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Lin
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Saihua Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Zhou Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Guohui Li
- Tianjin Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security
- Tianjin 300381
- China
| | - Xingxing Shi
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Guohua Chen
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangfang Peng
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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