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Xia H, Jiang Z, Tang J, Tang J, Zhou J, Yang Z, Zheng R, Niu J. Preparation and Properties of PA10T/PPO Blends Compatibilized with SEBS-g-MAH. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1598. [PMID: 38891544 PMCID: PMC11174984 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived PA10T is regarded as one of the most promising semi-aromatic polyamides; however, shortcomings, including low dimensional accuracy, high moisture absorption, and relatively high dielectric constant and loss, have impeded its extensive utilization. Polymer blending is a versatile and cost-effective method to fabricate new polymeric materials with excellent comprehensive performance. In this study, various ratios of PA10T/PPO blends were fabricated via melt blending with the addition of a SEBS-g-MAH compatibilizer. Molau test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to study the influence of SEBS-g-MAH on the compatibility of PA10T and PPO. These studies indicated that SEBS-g-MAH effectively refines the domain size of the dispersed PPO phase and improves the dispersion stability of PPO particles within a hexafluoroisopropanol solvent. This result was attributed to the in situ formation of the SEBS-g-PA10T copolymer, which serves as a compatibilizer. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed that the melting-crystallization behavior and thermal stability of blends closely resembled that of pure PA10T. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that as the PPO content increased, there was a decrease in the glass transition temperature and storage modulus of PA10T. The water absorption rate, injection molding shrinkage, dielectric properties, and mechanical strength of blends were also systematically investigated. As the PPO content increased from 10% to 40%, the dielectric loss at 2.5 GHz decreased significantly from 0.00866 to 0.00572, while the notched Izod impact strength increased from 7.9 kJ/m2 to 13.7 kJ/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Housheng Xia
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Zhen Jiang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jiaxiang Tang
- Zhejiang Xianghe Railway Fastener Research Institute, Zhejiang Tiantai Xianghe Industrial Co., Ltd., Taizhou 317200, China
| | - Jiao Tang
- Zhejiang Xianghe Railway Fastener Research Institute, Zhejiang Tiantai Xianghe Industrial Co., Ltd., Taizhou 317200, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Zize Yang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Rongbo Zheng
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Junfeng Niu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
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Zhang Y, Wang C, Yi Y, Wang W, Yang J. Synthesis and Properties of Polyamide 6 Random Copolymers Containing an Aromatic Imide Structure. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2812. [PMID: 37447456 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to adjust the properties of polyamide 6 (PA6) and expand its application, a new strategy of introducing an aromatic imide structure into the PA6 chain through the random copolymerization method is reported. The diimide diacid monomer was first synthesized by the dehydration and cyclization of pyromellitic dianhydride and 6-aminocaproic acid before it reacted with 1,6-hexamethylene diamine to form poly(amide imide) (PAI) salt, and finally synthesized PA6/PAI random copolymers containing an aromatic imide structure by the random copolymerization of ε-caprolactam and PAI salt. The introduction of an aromatic imide structural unit into the PA6 chain could have a great influence on its properties. As the content of PAI increases, the crystallinity (Xc) and melting temperature (Tm) of the PA6/PAI random copolymer gradually decrease, but its glass transition temperature (Tg) increases obviously. When the PAI content is 20 wt%, the copolymer PA6/PAI-20 has the best comprehensive performance and not only has high thermal stabilities but also excellent mechanical properties (high strength, high modulus, and good toughness) and dielectric properties (low dielectric constant and dielectric loss). Moreover, these properties are significantly superior to those of PA6. Such high-performance PA6 random copolymers can provide great promise for the wider applications of PA6 materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Advanced Packaging Material Research and Development Technology, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
- Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Advanced Packaging Material Research and Development Technology, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Yong Yi
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Advanced Packaging Material Research and Development Technology, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Wenzhi Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Advanced Packaging Material Research and Development Technology, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Jun Yang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Advanced Packaging Material Research and Development Technology, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
- Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412007, China
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Xia S, Shi Z, Sun K, Yin P, Dastan D, Liu Y, Cui H, Fan R. Achieving remarkable energy storage enhancement in polymer dielectrics via constructing an ultrathin Coulomb blockade layer of gold nanoparticles. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023. [PMID: 37039502 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00084b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
High-energy density polymer dielectrics play a crucial role in various pulsed energy storage and conversion systems. So far, many strategies have been demonstrated to be able to effectively improve the energy density of polymer dielectrics, but sophisticated fabrication processes are usually needed which result in high cost and poor repeatability. Herein, an easy-operated sputtering and hot-pressing process is developed to significantly enhance the energy density of polymer dielectrics. Surprisingly, for the poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) films sputtered with merely 0.0064 vol% gold nanoparticles, the energy density is remarkably improved by 84.3% because of the concurrent enhancements in breakdown strength (by 37.5%) and dielectric permittivity (by 25.5%), which is demonstrated to have originated from the unique Coulomb blockade and micro-capacitor effect of the gold nanoparticles. It is further confirmed that this design strategy is also applicable for commercial biaxially oriented polypropylene and poly(methyl methacrylate). This work offers a novel, easy-operated and universally applicable route to improve the energy density of polymeric dielectrics, which paves the way for their application in modern electronics and power modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuimiao Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Zhicheng Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Kai Sun
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Davoud Dastan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georagi-30332, USA
| | - Yao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Hongzhi Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Runhua Fan
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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Zhou L, Cheng K, Liu T, Li N, Zhang H, He Y. Fully bio-based poly (pentamethylene glutaramide) with high molecular weight and less glutaric acid cyclization via direct solid-state polymerization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Li Y, Chen T, Liu Y, Liu X, Wang X. Simultaneously enhance dielectric strength and reduce dielectric loss of polyimide by compositing reactive fluorinated graphene filler. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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The Potential for the Direct and Alternating Current-Driven Electrospinning of Polyamides. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12040665. [PMID: 35214993 PMCID: PMC8877202 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The paper provides a description of the potential for the direct current- and alternating current-driven electrospinning of various linear aliphatic polyamides (PA). Sets with increasing concentrations of selected PAs were dissolved in a mixture of formic acid and dichloromethane at a weight ratio of 1:1 and spun using a bar electrode applying direct and alternating high voltage. The solubility and spinnability of the polyamides were investigated and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were acquired of the resulting nanofiber layers. The various defects of the spun fibers and their diameters were detected and subsequently measured. Moreover, the dynamic viscosity and conductivity were also subjected to detailed investigation. The most suitable concentrations for each of the PAs were determined according to previous findings, and the solutions were spun using a NanospiderTM device at the larger scale. The fiber diameters of these samples were also measured. Finally, the surface energy of the fiber layers produced by the NanospiderTM device was measured aimed at selecting a suitable PA for a particular application.
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