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Ling CQ, Liao HX, Wen JR, Nie HY, Zhang LY, Xu FR, Cheng YX, Dong X. Investigation of the Inhibitory Effects of Illicium verum Essential Oil Nanoemulsion on Fusarium proliferatum via Combined Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:182. [PMID: 38769214 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03724-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium proliferatum is the main pathogen that causes Panax notoginseng root rot. The shortcomings of strong volatility and poor water solubility of Illicium verum essential oil (EO) limit its utilization. In this study, we prepared traditional emulsion (BDT) and nanoemulsion (Bneo) of I. verum EO by ultrasonic method with Tween-80 and absolute ethanol as solvents. The chemical components of EO, BDT, and Bneo were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the antifungal activity and mechanism were compared. The results show that Bneo has good stability and its particle size is 34.86 nm. The contents of (-) -anethole and estragole in Bneo were significantly higher than those in BDT. The antifungal activity against F. proliferatum was 5.8-fold higher than BDT. In the presence of I. verum EO, the occurrence of P. notoginseng root rot was significantly reduced. By combining transcriptome and metabolomics analysis, I. verum EO was found to be involved in the mutual transformation of pentose and glucuronic acid, galactose metabolism, streptomycin biosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and other metabolic pathways of F. proliferatum, and it interfered with the normal growth of F. proliferatum to exert antifungal effects. This study provide a theoretical basis for expanding the practical application of Bneo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Qiong Ling
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Hong-Xin Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Jin-Rui Wen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Hong-Yan Nie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Li-Yan Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Fu-Rong Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China.
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Comparison of Polysaccharides Extracted from Cultivated Mycelium of Inonotus obliquus with Polysaccharide Fractions Obtained from Sterile Conk (Chaga) and Birch Heart Rot. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7030189. [PMID: 33800424 PMCID: PMC8000984 DOI: 10.3390/jof7030189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The polysaccharides of the sterile conk of Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) have demonstrated multiple bioactivities. The mycelium of this basidiomycete, obtained after submerged cultivation, has been considered a feasible alternative to the sterile conk for the production of polysaccharides. However, previous research has paid little attention to the differences in the structures of polymers obtained from the different resources. Moreover, the birch wood colonized by I. obliquus has never been investigated as a source of bioactive polysaccharides. In the present study, polysaccharide fractions produced from cultivated mycelium, sterile conks of different geographical origins, and birch heart rot were investigated. High amounts of phenolic compounds, possibly lignans, were bound to the sterile conk polysaccharides. Mycelial polysaccharides were rich in α- and β-glucans and had high (105 Da) and low (104 Da) molecular weight populations. On the other hand, sterile conk polysaccharides were mainly β-glucan of lower and monodispersed molecular weight (103 Da). Heart rot polysaccharides were comprised mainly of low molecular weight (103 Da) hemicelluloses. Nevertheless, fungal polysaccharides were identified in the extracts. The differences in structure and molecular properties among the polysaccharide fractions of mycelium, heart rot, and sterile conk are likely associated with differences in bioactivities and, therefore, in nutraceutical potential.
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Beltrame G, Hemming J, Yang H, Han Z, Yang B. Effects of supplementation of sea buckthorn press cake on mycelium growth and polysaccharides of Inonotus obliquus in submerged cultivation. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1318-1330. [PMID: 33556214 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Investigation of the influence of cultivation time and sea buckthorn press cake (Hippophaë rhamnoides) dosage on mycelium yield of Inonotus obliquus in submerged cultivation and on the yield, monomer composition, and macromolecular properties of the exopolysaccharides (EPS) from culture media and intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) extracted from mycelia. METHODS AND RESULTS Supplementation at 5 g l-1 combined with cultivation time of 250 h granted highest yield increase in mycelia (by 122%). The supplementation reduced extraction yield and decreased the molecular weight of the main IPS population. The supplementation increased production and molecular weight of EPS. The relative content of arabinose and rhamnose in EPS positively correlated with dosage of the press cake. The press cake supplementation increased the content of galacturonic acid in IPS, but not in EPS. CONCLUSION Sea buckthorn press cake is a food industry fibrous side stream with high oil content. It increases the cultivation yield of Inonotus obliquus mycelium and influences the produced polysaccharides. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Mycelium is a resource of bioactive polysaccharides, attracting the interest of nutraceutical companies. Sea buckthorn press cake is a promising supplement for increasing mycelium production. The utilization of this agricultural side stream would therefore favour circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Beltrame
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - J Hemming
- Wood and Paper Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - H Yang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Z Han
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - B Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Singh U, Gautam A, Singha TK, Tiwari A, Tiwari P, Sahai V, Sharma S. Mass production of Pleurotus eryngii mycelia under submerged culture conditions with improved minerals and vitamin D2. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Evaluation of nutritional requirements of medicinal fungus, Pyrofomes demidoffii under submerged fermentation. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Oxygen vector accelerates farnesylation and redox reaction to promote the biosynthesis of 4-acetylantroquinonol B and antroquinonol during submerged fermentation of Antrodia cinnamomea. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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A mechanistic and empirical review of antcins, a new class of phytosterols of formosan fungi origin. J Food Drug Anal 2020; 28:38-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Zhang BB, Guan YY, Hu PF, Chen L, Xu GR, Liu L, Cheung PCK. Production of bioactive metabolites by submerged fermentation of the medicinal mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea: recent advances and future development. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2019; 39:541-554. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1577798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yu-Yan Guan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Peng-Fei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Gan-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Liming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Peter C. K. Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Zhang Y, Li D, Wang Z, Zang W, Rao P, Liang Y, Mei Y. Alpha-terpineol affects synthesis and antitumor activity of triterpenoids fromAntrodia cinnamomeamycelia in solid-state culture. Food Funct 2018; 9:6517-6525. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02079e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To enhance production ofAntrodia cinnamomeatriterpenoids (ACTs) from mycelia in solid-state culture, α-terpineol was added to the medium as an elicitor at an optimal concentration of 0.05 mL L−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Diying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Wanting Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Pan Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Yunxiang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Yuxia Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
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10
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Xia Y, Zhou X, Wang G, Zhang B, Xu G, Ai L. Induction of antroquinonol production by addition of hydrogen peroxide in the fermentation of Antrodia camphorata S-29. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:595-599. [PMID: 27098319 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antroquinonol have significantly anti-tumour effects on various cancer cells. There is still lack of reports on regulation of environmental factors on antroquinonol production by Antrodia camphorata. RESULTS An effective submerged fermentation method was employed to induce antroquinonol with adding H2 O2 . The production of antroquinonol was 57.81 mg L-1 after fermentation for 10 days when adding 25 mmol L-1 H2 O2 at day 4 of the fermentation process. Then, antroquinonol was further increased to 80.10 mg L-1 with cell productivity of 14.94 mg g-1 dry mycelium when the feeding rate of H2 O2 was adjusted to 0.2 mmol L-1 h-1 in the 7 L fermentation bioreactor. After inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species with the inhibitor diphenyleneiodoium, the synthesis of antroquinonol from A. camphorata was significantly reduced, and the yield was only 3.3 mg L-1 . CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that addition of H2 O2 was a very effective strategy to induce and regulate the synthesis of antroquinonol in submerged fermentation. Reactive oxygen species generated by H2 O2 during fermentation caused oxidative stress, which induced the synthesis of antroquinonol and other chemical compounds. Moreover, it is very beneficial process to improve production and diversity of the active compounds during liquid fermentation of A. camphorata mycelium. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Xia
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Guangqiang Wang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Bobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Ganrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
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Zhai FH, Han JR. Mycelial biomass and intracellular polysaccharides yield of edible mushroom Agaricus blazei produced in wheat extract medium. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Hsu FL, Chen HC, Lu MK. Polysaccharides from Cunninghamia konishii promote the mycelial growth of Antrodia cinnamomea. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Tan WC, Kuppusamy UR, Phan CW, Tan YS, Raman J, Anuar AM, Sabaratnam V. Ganoderma neo-japonicum Imazeki revisited: Domestication study and antioxidant properties of its basidiocarps and mycelia. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26213331 PMCID: PMC4515590 DOI: 10.1038/srep12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushroom cultivation benefits humankind as it deliberately encourages wild mushrooms to be commercially propagated while recycling agricultural wastes. Ganoderma neo-japonicum is a rare polypore mushroom found growing on decaying Schizostachyum brachycladium (a tropical bamboo) clumps in Malaysia. The Malaysian indigenous tribes including the Temuans and Temiars use the basidiocarps of G. neo-japonicum to treat various ailments including diabetes. In this study, the domestication of G. neo-japonicum in artificial logs of different agricultural residues was investigated. Sawdust promoted the mycelia spawn colonisation in the shortest period of 38 ± 0.5 days. However, only sawdust and bamboo dust supported the primodia formation. Complex medium supported mycelium growth in submerged cultures and 27.11 ± 0.43 g/L of mycelia was obtained after 2 weeks of cultivation at 28 °C and 200 rpm. Antioxidant potential in mushroom may be influenced by different cultivation and extraction methods. The different extracts from the wild and cultivated basidiocarps as well as mycelia were then tested for their antioxidant properties. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of mycelia and basidiocarps tested had varying levels of antioxidant activities. To conclude, domestication of wild G. neo-japonicum using agroresidues may ensure a continuous supply of G. neo-japonicum for its medicinal use while ensuring the conservation of this rare species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wee-Cheat Tan
- 1] Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [2] Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Umah Rani Kuppusamy
- 1] Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [2] Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chia-Wei Phan
- 1] Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [2] Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [3] Centre of Excellence for Learning and Teaching, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee-Shin Tan
- 1] Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [2] Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jegadeesh Raman
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azliza Mad Anuar
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vikineswary Sabaratnam
- 1] Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [2] Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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N. Anike F, Isikhuemhen OS, Blum D, Neda H. Nutrient Requirements and Fermentation Conditions for Mycelia and Crude Exo-Polysaccharides Production by <i>Lentinus squarrosulus</i>. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/abb.2015.68055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Recent developments in solid- state fermentation: Chinese herbs as substrate. Microb Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1201/b17587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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16
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Modified arthroconidial inoculation method for the efficient fermentation of Antrodia camphorata ATCC 200183. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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17
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Ma TW, Lai Y, Yang FC. Enhanced production of triterpenoid in submerged cultures of Antrodia cinnamomea with the addition of citrus peel extract. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 37:2251-61. [PMID: 24803141 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, Antrodia cinnamomea has become a well-known medicinal mushroom in Taiwan. Triterpenoids are considered one of the most biologically active components found in A. cinnamomea. The aim of this research is to investigate the feasibility of enhancing triterpenoid production in shake flask cultures of A. cinnamomea by adding citrus peel extract. As a result of its containing essential oils, citrus peel extract is inhibitory to mycelial growth. In the experiments, the appropriate adding time is determined to be on day 7. Of the various citrus peel extracts tested, tangerine proves to be the most effective in enhancing polyphenol and triterpenoid production. With an addition of 2% (v/v), the content and production of total polyphenols rises from 5.95 mg/g DW of the control and 56.73 mg/L to 23.52 mg/g DW and 224.39 mg/L, respectively, on day 28. The production of triterpenoids also increases from 99.93 to 1,028.02 mg/L, for more than a tenfold increase. An optimal level of tangerine peel additive is determined to be around 4%. Furthermore, when compared with the mycelia of the control culture, the profiles of the HPLC analysis show that the mycelia cultured with the tangerine-peel addition contain more kinds of triterpenoids. This study demonstrates that the addition of citrus peel extract effectively enhances the production of bioactive metabolites in the submerged cultures of A. cinnamomea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Wei Ma
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 40704, Taiwan
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Xia Y, Wang Y, Zhang B, Xu G, Ai L. Effect of cultural conditions on antrodin C production by basidiomycete Antrodia camphorata in solid-state fermentation. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2014; 61:724-32. [PMID: 24548184 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata is a medicinal fungus and antrodin C is one of the main bioactive components of A. camphorata in the submerged fermentation (SmF). To optimize the culture conditions, the factors influencing the production of antrodin C by A. camphorata under solid-state fermentation (SSF) were investigated in this study. Different solid substrates and external nitrogen sources were tested for their efficiency in producing antrodin C. The response surface methodology was applied to evaluate the influence of several variables, namely, the concentrations of soybean meal, initial moisture content, and inoculum density on antrodin C production in solid-state fermentation. The experimental results show that the optimum fermentation medium for antrodin C production by A. camphorata was composed of 0.578 g soybean meal, 0.05 g Na2 HPO4 , 0.05 g MgSO4 for 100 g rice, with 51.83% initial moisture content, 22 day culture time, 28 °C culture temperature, and 35.54% inoculum density. At optimized conditions, 6,617.36 ± 92.71 mg kg(-1) yield of antrodin C was achieved. Solid-state fermentation is one good cultural method to improve the production of antrodin C by A. camphorata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Xia
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Zhang WX, Zhong JJ. Oxygen limitation improves ganoderic acid biosynthesis in submerged cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-013-0148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Reuse of citrus peel to enhance the formation of bioactive metabolite-triterpenoid in solid-state fermentation of A. cinnamomea. Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2013.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Xie C, Guo H, Wu Z, Guo Y, Gao Y, Yuan J, Gu Z. Optimization of high-quality dietary fiber production in submerged fermentation by Agrocybe chaxingu. ANN MICROBIOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-012-0575-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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22
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Geng Y, He Z, Lu ZM, Xu HY, Xu GH, Shi JS, Xu ZH. Antrodia camphorata ATCC 200183 sporulates asexually in submerged culture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:2851-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4513-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Lasiodiplodan, an exocellular (1→6)-β-d-glucan from Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMPI: production on glucose, fermentation kinetics, rheology and anti-proliferative activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 39:1179-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Lasiodiplodan, an exopolysaccharide of the (1→6)-β-d-glucan type, is produced by Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMPI when grown under submerged culture on glucose. The objective of this study was to evaluate lasiodiplodan production by examining the effects of carbon (glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose) and nitrogen sources (KNO3, (NH4)2SO4, urea, yeast extract, peptone), its production in shake flasks compared to a stirred-tank bioreactor, and to study the rheology of lasiodiplodan, and lasiodiplodan’s anti-proliferative effect on breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Although glucose (2.05 ± 0.05 g L−1), maltose (2.08 ± 0.04 g L−1) and yeast extract (2.46 ± 0.06 g L−1) produced the highest amounts of lasiodiplodan, urea as N source resulted in more lasiodiplodan per unit biomass than yeast extract (0.74 ± 0.006 vs. 0.22 ± 0.008 g g−1). A comparison of the fermentative parameters of L. theobromae MMPI in shake flasks and a stirred-tank bioreactor at 120 h on glucose as carbon source showed maximum lasiodiplodan production in agitated flasks (7.01 ± 0.07 g L−1) with a specific yield of 0.25 ± 0.57 g g−1 and a volumetric productivity of 0.06 ± 0.001 g L−1 h−1. A factorial 22 statistical design developed to evaluate the effect of glucose concentration (20–60 g L−1) and impeller speed (100–200 rpm) on lasiodiplodan production in the bioreactor showed the highest production (6.32 g L−1) at 72 h. Lasiodiplodan presented pseudoplastic behaviour, and the apparent viscosity increased at 60°C in the presence of CaCl2. Anti-proliferative activity of lasiodiplodan was demonstrated in MCF-7 cells, which was time- and dose-dependent with an IC50 of 100 μg lasiodiplodan mL−1.
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Optimization of Cultivating Conditions for Triterpenoids Production from Antrodia cinnmomea. Indian J Microbiol 2012; 52:648-53. [PMID: 24293725 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-012-0290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The submerged cultivating conditions for triterpenoids production from Antrodia cinnamomea were optimized using uniform design method and the one-factor-at-a-time method was adopted to investigate the effect of plants oils and glucose supply on triterpenoids production and mycelia growth. Corn starch and culturing time were identified as more significant variables for triterpenoids production. The optimal conditions for triterpenoids production was 20.0 g/L corn starch, 20.0 g/L wheat bran, 1.85 g/L MgSO4, initial pH 3 and 16 days of cultivation. In addition, investigation of plant oils and glucose supply showed that 0.3 % (v/v) olive oil supply at the beginning of fermentation stimulated mycelia growth and significantly increased triterpenoids production; 0.2 % (w/v) glucose supplement at 10th day enhanced production of triterpenoids with slight effect on biomass, which is reported for the first time. The triterpenoids production experimentally obtained under the optimal conditions was 7.23 % (w/w). The uniform design method may be used to optimize many environmental and genetic factors such as temperature and agitation that can also affect the triterpenoids production from A. cinnamomea.
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Li SL, Huang ZN, Hsieh HH, Yu WC, Tzeng WY, Lee GY, Chen YP, Chang CY, Chuu JJ. The Augmented Anti-Tumor Effects of Antrodia camphorata Co-Fermented with Chinese Medicinal Herb in Human Hepatoma Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 37:771-83. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x09007235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata, unique fungal specie, has been used as a folk medicine in Taiwan for many years. The purpose of this study was to compare the extracts from the solid-state culture of A. camphorata co-fermented with Chinese medicinal herb (AC-CF) with two other extracts from fruiting bodies (AC-FB) or solid-state culture (AC-SS), for their anti-tumor effects in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. We measured in vitro cell proliferation, percentage of apoptosis, population distribution of cell cycles, Western blot analysis of multiple drugs resistance-1 (MDR-1), and apoptosis-related proteins in HepG2 cells treated with three different preparations of A. camphorate extracts. Our results showed that AC-CF had better anti-proliferation effect on human hepatoma HepG2 cells than AC-FB or AC-SS dose-dependently. In addition, AC-CF in combination with anti-tumor agents (mitomycin C or methotrexate) showed better adjuvant anti-tumor effects than AC-FB or AC-SS. We further demonstrated the augmented adjuvant anti-tumor effects of AC-CF not only through down regulation of MDR-1 expression but also through a COX-2 dependent apoptosis pathway, involving down-regulation of COX-2 and p-AKT and up-regulation of PARP-1. In conclusion, in this study, we have demonstrated a novel strategy of fermenting A. camphorata with Chinese medicinal herb (AC-CF), which augmented their anti-tumor effects in human hepatoma HepG2 cells as compared to the traditional ones (AC-FB or AC-SS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Lai Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Ning Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hui Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Win-Yu Tzeng
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Yang Lee
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Peng Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Jye Chuu
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Pharmacy, Wei Gong Memorial Hospital, Miaoli, Taiwan
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Medium modification to enhance the formation of bioactive metabolites in shake flask cultures of Antrodia cinnamomea by adding citrus peel extract. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2012; 35:1251-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-012-0712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lu ZM, Lei JY, Xu HY, Shi JS, Xu ZH. Optimization of fermentation medium for triterpenoid production from Antrodia camphorata ATCC 200183 using artificial intelligence-based techniques. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 92:371-9. [PMID: 21870045 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, alteration in morphology of submergedly cultured Antrodia camphorata ATCC 200183 including arthroconidia, mycelia, external and internal structures of pellets was investigated. Two optimization models namely response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were built to optimize the inoculum size and medium components for intracellular triterpenoid production from A. camphorata. Root mean squares error, R (2), and standard error of prediction given by ANN model were 0.31%, 0.99%, and 0.63%, respectively, while RSM model gave 1.02%, 0.98%, and 2.08%, which indicated that fitness and prediction accuracy of ANN model was higher when compared to RSM model. Furthermore, using genetic algorithm (GA), the input space of ANN model was optimized, and maximum triterpenoid production of 62.84 mg l(-1) was obtained at the GA-optimized concentrations of arthroconidia (1.78 × 10⁵ ml(-1)) and medium components (glucose, 25.25 g l(-1); peptone, 4.48 g l(-1); and soybean flour, 2.74 g l(-1)). The triterpenoid production experimentally obtained using the ANN-GA designed medium was 64.79 ± 2.32 mg l(-1) which was in agreement with the predicted value. The same optimization process may be used to optimize many environmental and genetic factors such as temperature and agitation that can also affect the triterpenoid production from A. camphorata and to improve the production of bioactive metabolites from potent medicinal fungi by changing the fermentation parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ming Lu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
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Chowdhury SR, Basak RK, Sen R, Adhikari B. Optimization, dynamics, and enhanced production of a free radical scavenging extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) from hydrodynamic sediment attached Bacillus megaterium RB-05. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Chen W, Zhao Z, Li Y. Simultaneous increase of mycelial biomass and intracellular polysaccharide from Fomes fomentarius and its biological function of gastric cancer intervention. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Macrophage mediated anti-proliferation effects of Anthodia camphorata non-polysaccharide based extracts on human hepatoma cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2011; 75:624-32. [PMID: 21512226 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.100559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that medicinal mushrooms might induce different types of immune responses. Anthodia camphorata (A. camphorata) has attracted much attention for its therapeutic effects in treating hepatoma. We tested this anti-tumor effects using immunomodulation of macrophages and extracts of A. camphorata. We evaluated the anti-proliferation effects of various extracts of A. camphorata from fruiting bodies (AC-FB), mycelium of solid-state cultures (AC-SS), liquid-state cultures (AC-LS) and polyaccharide extracts from liquid-state cultures (AC-PS), and extracts of A. camphorata stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cell-conditioned mediums (MC-CMs). We measured cell proliferation and, did migration assays by cell cycle analysis and by observing apoptosis-related proteins (AKT, PARP-1, and NF-κB) and the mRNA expression of cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) of macrophages in human hepatoma cell lines. Our results revealed that two of the extracts (AC-FB and AC-SS) had better anti-proliferation effects, implying an immunomodulatory role the macrophages might play. This outcome is consistent with findings that AC-FB and AC-SS increase mRNA expression of TNF-α and the corresponding expression of apoptosis-related proteins on activation of MC-CMs, while A. camphorata polysaccharides induce macrophage-derived anti-tumor activities in human hepatoma cells via IL-1β and Akt activation. These results indicate that anti-tumor effects exerted by modulation of macrophage activation of A. camphorate may be influenced by the other constituents which (contained little or no polysaccharide) of A. camphorata.
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Krzyczkowski W, Malinowska E, Herold F. Erinacine A biosynthesis in submerged cultivation of Hericium erinaceum: Quantification and improved cultivation. Eng Life Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Lin YW, Pan JH, Liu RH, Kuo YH, Sheen LY, Chiang BH. The 4-acetylantroquinonol B isolated from mycelium of Antrodia cinnamomea inhibits proliferation of hepatoma cells. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2010; 90:1739-1744. [PMID: 20564437 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antrodia cinnamomea is known for its antihepatoma activity, yet the identity of its active compound was unclear. In this study, a 5-ton fermenter was used to prepare sufficient mycelium of A. cinnamomea for active compound isolation and identification. RESULTS Using antiproliferative activity toward HepG2 cells as guidance in the isolation process, 4-acetylantroquinonol B was purified and identified to be the major bioactive compound of A. cinnamomea cultivated by submerged fermentation. The median effective doses (EC(50)) of 4-acetylantroquinonol B for HepG2 cells were 0.10 +/- 0.00 and 0.08 +/- 0.00 microg mL(-1) for 72 and 96 h treatments, respectively. The selective indices of 4-acetylantroquinonol B were 100 and 125 for 72 and 96 h treatments, respectively, indicating that this compound had high selective activity for hepatoma cells. CONCLUSION 4-Acetylantroquinonol B is the major antihepatoma constituent of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelium produced by submerged fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Effect of submerged culture conditions on exopolysaccharides production by Armillaria luteo-virens Sacc QH and kinetic modeling. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2010; 34:103-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-010-0451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Medium optimization, preliminary characterization and antioxidant activity in vivo of mycelial polysaccharide from Phellinus baumii Pilát. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Improved simultaneous production of mycelial biomass and polysaccharides by submerged culture of Hericium erinaceum: optimization using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 36:1513-27. [PMID: 19784853 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0640-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to optimize the culture medium used for the mycelial growth and production of intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) in a submerged culture of Hericium erinaceum. Of the various factors examined, including carbon and nitrogen sources, vitamins, mineral elements, and initial pH, those that proved to have a significant effect were then tested using a 2(4) central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Under the optimal culture conditions, the maximal yield of biomass reached 14.24 +/- 0.45 g l(-1) and was 1.85-fold higher than in the basal medium. The kinetics of EPS biosynthesis in a bioreactor showed that although the highest yield of EPS (2.75 +/- 0.27 g l(-1)) could be obtained on day 8, the process of biosynthesizing high molecular weight polysaccharides proceeded until the depletion of the carbon source in the medium (after 14 days of cultivation). Our results could be very helpful in the large-scale production of bioactive polysaccharides from H. erinaceum.
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Development of an activation tagging system for the basidiomycetous medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 113:290-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2008.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Revised: 08/10/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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The hepatoprotective activity against ethanol-induced cytotoxicity by aqueous extract of Antrodia cinnamomea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcice.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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38
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Enhancement of polysaccharide production by optimization of culture conditions in shake flask submerged cultivation of Grifola umbellata. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcice.2008.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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Chen W, Zhao Z, Chen SF, Li YQ. Optimization for the production of exopolysaccharide from Fomes fomentarius in submerged culture and its antitumor effect in vitro. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:3187-94. [PMID: 17624770 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2007] [Revised: 05/25/2007] [Accepted: 05/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A medicinal mushroom Fomes fomentarius, was isolated from the fruiting body of a wild F. fomentarius and identified by ITS-5.8S rDNA sequencing analysis. Then, the optimization of submerged culture conditions and nutritional requirements of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production from F. fomentarius was studied using orthogonal matrix method. Under the optimal culture condition, the maximum EPS concentration reached 3.64 g l(-1), which is about four times higher than that at the basal medium. Furthermore, the EPS from F. fomentarius has a direct antiproliferative effect in vitro on SGC-7901 huaman gastric cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, it was about three times that EPS at noncytocxity concentration of 0.25 mg ml(-1) could sensitize doxorubicin(Dox)-induced growth inhibition of SGC-7901 cells after 24h treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Zhejiang University, College of Life Science, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
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40
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Improved production of mycelial biomass and ganoderic acid by submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum SB97 using complex media. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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41
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Fazenda ML, Seviour R, McNeil B, Harvey LM. Submerged Culture Fermentation of “Higher Fungi”: The Macrofungi. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2008; 63:33-103. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2164(07)00002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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