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Guez JS, Lacroix PY, Château T, Vial C. Deep in situ microscopy for real-time analysis of mammalian cell populations in bioreactors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22045. [PMID: 38086908 PMCID: PMC10716407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
An in situ microscope based on pulsed transmitted light illumination via optical fiber was combined to artificial-intelligence to enable for the first time an online cell classification according to well-known cellular morphological features. A 848 192-image database generated during a lab-scale production process of antibodies was processed using a convolutional neural network approach chosen for its accurate real-time object detection capabilities. In order to induce different cell death routes, hybridomas were grown in normal or suboptimal conditions in a stirred tank reactor, in the presence of substrate limitation, medium addition, pH regulation problem or oxygen depletion. Using such an optical system made it possible to monitor real-time the evolution of different classes of animal cells, among which viable, necrotic and apoptotic cells. A class of viable cells displaying bulges in feast or famine conditions was also revealed. Considered as a breakthrough in the catalogue of process analytical tools, in situ microscopy powered by artificial-intelligence is also of great interest for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Sébastien Guez
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, 63 000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Pierre-Yves Lacroix
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, 63 000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Logiroad.AI, 63 178, Aubière, France
| | - Thierry Château
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, 63 000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Logiroad.AI, 63 178, Aubière, France
| | - Christophe Vial
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, 63 000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Pawar D, Lo Presti D, Silvestri S, Schena E, Massaroni C. Current and future technologies for monitoring cultured meat: A review. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113464. [PMID: 37803787 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The high population growth rate, massive animal food consumption, fast economic progress, and limited food resources could lead to a food crisis in the future. There is a huge requirement for dietary proteins including cultured meat is being progressed to fulfill the need for meat-derived proteins in the diet. However, production of cultured meat requires monitoring numerous bioprocess parameters. This review presents a comprehensive overview of various widely adopted techniques (optical, spectroscopic, electrochemical, capacitive, FETs, resistive, microscopy, and ultrasound) for monitoring physical, chemical, and biological parameters that can improve the bioprocess control in cultured meat. The methods, operating principle, merits/demerits, and the main open challenges are reviewed with the aim to support the readers in advancing knowledge on novel sensing systems for cultured meat applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dnyandeo Pawar
- Microwave Materials Group, Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET), Athani P.O, Thrissur, Kerala 680581, India.
| | - Daniela Lo Presti
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Departmental Faculty of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Silvestri
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Departmental Faculty of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Schena
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Departmental Faculty of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Massaroni
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Departmental Faculty of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
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3
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Schwamb S, Puskeiler R, Wiedemann P. Monitoring of Cell Culture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10320-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Abstract
Lab-scale stirred-tank bioreactors (0.2-20 l) are used for fundamental research on animal cells and in process development and troubleshooting for large-scale production. In this chapter, different configurations of bioreactor systems are shortly discussed and setting up these different configurations is described. In addition, online measurement and control of bioreactor parameters is described, with special attention to controller settings (PID) and online measurement of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production. Finally, methods for determining the oxygen transfer coefficient are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk E Martens
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands,
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Ryle JP, McDonnell S, Glennon B, Sheridan JT. Calibration of a digital in-line holographic microscopy system: depth of focus and bioprocess analysis. APPLIED OPTICS 2013; 52:C78-C87. [PMID: 23458821 DOI: 10.1364/ao.52.000c78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Digital in-line holographic microscopy (DIHM) allows access to both intensity and phase information with conventional microscopic lateral resolutions. Such imaging techniques can, however, be used to increase the depth of focus compared to conventional compound microscopes. We present a simple DIHM capable of imaging weakly scattering 10 μm diameter microspheres as well as Hs578T cells over a depth of 1 mm; i.e., we demonstrate an increase by a factor of 100 over the depth of focus of a conventional microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Ryle
- The Callan Institute, Department of Electronic Engineering, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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6
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Wiedemann P, Worf M, Wiegemann HB, Egner F, Schwiebert C, Wilkesman J, Guez JS, Quintana JC, Assanza D, Suhr H. On-line and real time cell counting and viability determination for animal cell process monitoring by in situ microscopy. BMC Proc 2012; 5 Suppl 8:P77. [PMID: 22373171 PMCID: PMC3284899 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-5-s8-p77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wiedemann
- At present: School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia ; Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str.10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus Worf
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str.10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hans B Wiegemann
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str.10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Egner
- InVivo BioTech Services, Neuendorfstr. 24a, D-16761 Hennigsdorf, Germany
| | | | - Jeff Wilkesman
- University of Carabobo, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Chemistry Department, Valencia, 2005, Venezuela
| | - Jean S Guez
- Laboratoire ProBioGEM, UPRES-EA 1024, Polytech-Lille / IUT A, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Avenue Paul Langevin, Villeneuve d'Ascq, F-59655, France
| | - Juan C Quintana
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str.10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Diego Assanza
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str.10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hajo Suhr
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str.10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
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Whelan J, Murphy E, Pearson A, Jeffers P, Kieran P, McDonnell S, Raposo S, Lima-Costa ME, Glennon B. Use of focussed beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) for monitoring changes in biomass concentration. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2012; 35:963-75. [PMID: 22246535 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-012-0681-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The potential of focussed beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) as a tool to monitor changes in biomass concentration was investigated in a number of biological systems. The measurement technique was applied to two morphologically dissimilar plant cell suspension cultures, Morinda citrifolia and Centaurea calcitrapa, to a filamentous bacteria, Streptomyces natalensis, to high density cultures of Escherichia coli and to a murine Sp2/0 hybridoma suspension cell line, 3-2.19. In all cases, the biomass concentration proved to be correlated with total FBRM counts. The nature of the correlation varied between systems and was influenced by the concentration, nature, size and morphology of the particle under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Whelan
- UCD School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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8
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Palmer SM, Kunji ERS. Online analysis and process control in recombinant protein production (review). Methods Mol Biol 2012; 866:129-155. [PMID: 22454120 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-770-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Online analysis and control is essential for efficient and reproducible bioprocesses. A key factor in real-time control is the ability to measure critical variables rapidly. Online in situ measurements are the preferred option and minimize the potential loss of sterility. The challenge is to provide sensors with a good lifespan that withstand harsh bioprocess conditions, remain stable for the duration of a process without the need for recalibration, and offer a suitable working range. In recent decades, many new techniques that promise to extend the possibilities of analysis and control, not only by providing new parameters for analysis, but also through the improvement of accepted, well practiced, measurements have arisen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane M Palmer
- Mitochondrial Biology Unit, The Medical Research Council, Cambridge, UK
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9
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Baradez MO, Marshall D. The use of multidimensional image-based analysis to accurately monitor cell growth in 3D bioreactor culture. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26104. [PMID: 22028809 PMCID: PMC3197601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition from traditional culture methods towards bioreactor based bioprocessing to produce cells in commercially viable quantities for cell therapy applications requires the development of robust methods to ensure the quality of the cells produced. Standard methods for measuring cell quality parameters such as viability provide only limited information making process monitoring and optimisation difficult. Here we describe a 3D image-based approach to develop cell distribution maps which can be used to simultaneously measure the number, confluency and morphology of cells attached to microcarriers in a stirred tank bioreactor. The accuracy of the cell distribution measurements is validated using in silico modelling of synthetic image datasets and is shown to have an accuracy >90%. Using the cell distribution mapping process and principal component analysis we show how cell growth can be quantitatively monitored over a 13 day bioreactor culture period and how changes to manufacture processes such as initial cell seeding density can significantly influence cell morphology and the rate at which cells are produced. Taken together, these results demonstrate how image-based analysis can be incorporated in cell quality control processes facilitating the transition towards bioreactor based manufacture for clinical grade cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Damian Marshall
- Science and Technology Division, LGC, Teddington, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Wiedemann P, Guez JS, Wiegemann HB, Egner F, Quintana JC, Asanza-Maldonado D, Filipaki M, Wilkesman J, Schwiebert C, Cassar JP, Dhulster P, Suhr H. In situ microscopic cytometry enables noninvasive viability assessment of animal cells by measuring entropy states. Biotechnol Bioeng 2011; 108:2884-93. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.23252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 06/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Tibayrenc P, Ghommidh C, Preziosi-Belloy L. Determination of yeast viability during a stress-model alcoholic fermentation using reagent-free microscopy image analysis. Biotechnol Prog 2011; 27:539-46. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Process analytical technology (PAT) for biopharmaceutical products. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:137-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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