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Ghaderi N, Hasheminejad N, Dirckx J, Vanlanduit S. Exploring the Use of Cold Atmospheric Plasma for Sound and Vibration Generation. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3518. [PMID: 38894309 PMCID: PMC11174969 DOI: 10.3390/s24113518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the potential of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) as a non-contact excitation device, comparing its performance with an ultrasound transmitter. Utilizing a scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV), we visualize the acoustic wavefront generated by a CAP probe and an ultrasound sensor within a designated 50 mm × 50 mm area in front of each probe. Our focus lies in assessing the applicability of a CAP probe for exciting a small polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) sample. By adjusting the dimensions of the sample to resonate at the excitation frequency of the probe, we can achieve high vibrational velocities, enabling further mechanical analysis. In contrast with traditional vibration excitation techniques such as electrodynamical shakers and hammer impact excitation, a plasma probe can offer distinct advantages without altering the structure's dynamics since it is contactless. Furthermore, in comparison with laser excitation, plasma excitation provides a higher power level. Additionally, while pressurized air systems are applicable for limited low frequencies, plasma probes can perform at higher frequencies. Our findings in this study suggest that CAP is comparable with acoustic excitation, indicating its potential as an effective mechanical excitation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Ghaderi
- InViLab Research Group, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Navid Hasheminejad
- SuPAR Research Group, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Joris Dirckx
- Laboratory of Biomedical Physics (BIMEF), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Steve Vanlanduit
- InViLab Research Group, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
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Mishra SK, Bhasmey SR, Chowdhary R. Complete-arch implant-supported fixed dental prostheses fabricated with PEEK and PEKK framework: a systematic review. Evid Based Dent 2023; 24:193. [PMID: 37674039 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00928-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of complete-arch implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) fabricated with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) framework in clinical cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review followed the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews with the number CRD42023399494. The electronic database PubMed, Cochrane Library and EBSCOhost were assessed for clinical research and reports on complete-arch implant-supported FDPs fabricated with PEEK and PEKK framework. Human studies with a minimum follow-up of 1 year and published in an English language were the only ones included. RESULTS The initial database and hand search provided 564 articles. Finally, 12 articles published between 2018 and 2022 were included in this systematic review. The mean follow-up ranged from 1 year to 6 years. The included studies reported 119 (114 PEEK, 5 PEKK) complete-arch implant-supported FDPs during 1 year follow-up. The cumulative survival rate of prostheses with PEEK as a framework was 97.3%. Prostheses fractures and complications were found with both PEEK and PEKK frameworks. No implant failure reported with both PEEK and PEKK prostheses. CONCLUSION In short-term follow-up, the complete-arch implant-supported FDPs with PEEK as a framework showed a good survival rate and acceptable health of the supporting tissues. The PEEK framework had shown adhesion issues as the most common prosthetic complication. Limited data were available on PEKK as framework material, so further long-term clinical trials are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Mishra
- Department of Prosthodontics, Rama Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Srinivas Rao Bhasmey
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gitam Dental College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Chowdhary
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Siddhartha Dental College and Hospital, Tumkur, Karnataka, India
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Wu J, Wang Z, Zhang N, Dong B, Yu H. A digital workflow for complete arch rehabilitation with zirconia crowns on restored posterior teeth and a polyetheretherketone framework denture. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00118-X. [PMID: 36966100 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
A clinical and laboratory workflow for the digital design and fabrication of zirconia crowns and polyetheretherketone removable partial dentures for complete arch rehabilitation is described. The definitive crowns and polyetheretherketone framework can be delivered simultaneously because of the digital design and milling fabrication with retentive areas, guide planes, and rest seats in high-translucency zirconia crowns. The workflow helps simplify clinical and laboratory procedures and reduces patient visits and chairside time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Wu
- Graduate student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China and Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhongyi Wang
- Graduate student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Graduate student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China and Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Bo Dong
- Technician, Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Professor, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
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Alsadon O, Moorehead R, Almansour H, Bangalore D, Alageel O, Wood D. Surface Characteristics and Adhesion of Veneering Composite Resin to PAEK-Based Substructure Restorative Materials. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:147-153. [PMID: 35340086 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate and compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of composite veneering material to polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), zirconia (YZ), and nickel-chromium alloy (NiCr) substructure restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty samples (12 × 2 mm) were prepared from four materials: PEKK, PEEK, zirconia, and NiCr alloy (n = 10). The Vickers hardness was evaluated before preparing the surface for bonding by shot-blasting using 110 μm Al2 O3 particles. The surface roughness (Ra) of each sample was determined using a noncontact optical profilometer. The veneering resin was bonded onto each sample following primer application. The prepared samples were then subjected to an SBS test using a universal testing machine at 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed. Failure modes and surface topography following debonding were assessed. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc comparison test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The highest and lowest mean surface roughness was observed in PEEK (3.45 ±0.13 μm) and NiCr (1.87 ±0.07 μm) materials, respectively. A significant difference in roughness values was observed between the materials except for NiCr and YZ (p = 0.547). Concerning SBS, PEEK and NiCr exhibited the highest (16.23 ±0.96 MPa) and lowest (10.1 ±0.63 MPa) values. The mean difference in SBS indicated a statistically significant difference between the material groups (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS PEKK materials demonstrated significantly lower SBS than PEEK and significantly higher SBS values than conventional zirconia and alloy materials. A positive and significant correlation between mean roughness and SBS was observed, but the causality could be either intrinsic to the material or the roughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Alsadon
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert Moorehead
- The Henry Royce Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Haitham Almansour
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Durgesh Bangalore
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alageel
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duncan Wood
- Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Monteiro LC, Pecorari VGA, Gontijo IG, Marchi GM, Lima DANL, Aguiar FHB. PEEK and fiberglass intra-radicular posts: influence of resin cement and mechanical cycling on push-out bond strength. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6907-6916. [PMID: 35881239 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04645-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the bond strength of four types of posts (pre-fabricated fiberglass post, fiberglass post anatomized with composite resin, milled fiberglass post, and milled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) post), and two types of resin cements (conventional and self-adhesive) by assessing immediate bond strength and post-mechanical aging at each root third. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bovine endodontically treated roots (16 groups, n = 8) were prepared and the posts were produced and luted; the specimens of aging groups were cycled (300,000 cycles under 50 N load at 1.2 Hz frequency); six slices of each root were obtained; push-out test was performed by using a universal testing machine (500 N load at 1 mm/min cross speed); fracture pattern was classified into five levels. The statistical analyses used were three-way ANOVA, Tukey's test (for bond strength), and Fisher's test (for fracture pattern) (α < 0.05). RESULTS Differences were found between the cements for posts (conventional: p < 0.001; self-adhesive: p = 0.002), whereas no difference was found for root region (p = 0.941; p = 0.056, respectively); analysis of each root showed significant differences for cements (p < 0.001), posts (p < 0.001), and mechanical cycling (p = 0.001); in terms of double interaction, differences were found for posts and mechanical cycling (p = 0.005); no other interactions were observed (double or triple); the fracture pattern showed difference between the groups for both cements. CONCLUSIONS Milled PEEK posts seem to be a good clinical option, but they require improvement of CAD-CAM technology and advances towards their adhesion. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Milled posts are promising and can reduce clinical time for rehabilitation of extensively destroyed teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Christie Monteiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av. Limeira, 901, Bairro Areão13.414-093, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Isabela Guerra Gontijo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av. Limeira, 901, Bairro Areão13.414-093, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Giselle Maria Marchi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av. Limeira, 901, Bairro Areão13.414-093, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av. Limeira, 901, Bairro Areão13.414-093, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av. Limeira, 901, Bairro Areão13.414-093, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Babaier RS, Haider J, Alshabib A, Silikas N, Watts DC. Mechanical behaviour of prosthodontic CAD/CAM polymer composites aged in three food-simulating liquids. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1492-1506. [PMID: 35871980 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the effect of ageing in three food-simulating liquids (FSLs) on mechanical properties of three prosthodontic CAD/CAM polymer composites intended for construction of implant-supported frameworks. METHODS Materials investigated were: (i) a carbon fibre-reinforced composite (CarboCAD 3D dream frame; CC), (ii) a glass fibre-reinforced composite (TRINIA; TR), and (iii) a reinforced PEEK (DentoKeep; PK). Filler contents and microstructural arrangements were determined by thermo-gravimetry and tomography (µ-CT), respectively. Flexural properties (FS and Ef) were measured by 3-point bending (3PB) of 1 mm and 2 mm thick beam specimens. Fracture toughness (KIC) was measured by single-edge-notched-bending (SENB). All measurements were made at baseline (dry) and after 1-day and 7-day storage at 37 ℃ in either water, 70 % ethanol/water (70 % E/W) or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). Failed specimens were examined microscopically. Statistical analyses included four-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA and multiple Tukey comparison tests (α = 0.05). Multiple independent t-tests were performed regarding thickness effects on FS and Ef (α = 0.05). RESULTS At baseline, the mechanical properties increased in the sequence: PK< TR< CC (p < 0.001). FS ranged from 192.9 to 501.5 MPa; Ef from 4.2 to 18.1 GPa; and KIC from 4.9-12.4 MPa.m0.5. Fibre-reinforced composites (CC and TR) were significantly stronger than PK. However, all properties of CC and TR reduced after 1 d storage in 70 % E/W and MEK with FS ranging from 58.6 to 408 MPa; Ef from 1 to 15.4 GPa; KIC from 6.87 to 10.17 MPa.m0.5. Greater reductions occurred after 7 d storage. MEK was more detrimental than 70 % E/W and water on fibre-reinforced composites. SIGNIFICANCE Mechanical properties of each CAD/CAM composite were strongly dependent upon media and ageing. Although the mechanical properties of PK were initially inferior, it was relatively stable in all FSLs. All three materials exhibited sufficient mechanical properties at 1 mm thickness, but thicker specimens were more tolerant to ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rua S Babaier
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Julfikar Haider
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulrahman Alshabib
- Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia; Engr. Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nick Silikas
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - David C Watts
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
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Kimura H, Tsuka H, Morita K, Hirata I, Nishio F, Abekura H, Doi K, Tsuga K. Nd:YVO 4 laser groove treatment can improve the shear bond strength between dental PEEK and adhesive resin cement with an adhesive system. Dent Mater J 2022; 41:382-391. [PMID: 35082179 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of various surface treatments on the shear bond strength between dental polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and adhesive resin cement. Two hundred and forty specimens were randomly classified into four groups: no treatment, sandblasted, sulfuric-acid-etched, and laser-grooved treatment. Each group was classified into two adhesive resin cement subgroups. Surface roughness, water contact angle, shear bond strength, and failure mode were measured; SEM and XPS results were obtained. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way or two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honest significant difference test (α=0.05). Laser-grooved PEEK surface showed regular grooves and carbonization by thermal degradation; the surface roughness as well as water contact angle of were the highest in all groups. Shear bond strength values were significantly higher in the laser-groove-treated and sulfuric-acid-etched groups. Laser-groove-treated specimens showed cohesive failure. Laser-grooved treatment can improve shear bond strength between PEEK and adhesive resin cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Kimura
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Hiroki Tsuka
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Koji Morita
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Isao Hirata
- Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Fumiko Nishio
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Hitoshi Abekura
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Kazuya Doi
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Kazuhiro Tsuga
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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Suphangul S, Rokaya D, Kanchanasobhana C, Rungsiyakull P, Chaijareenont P. PEEK Biomaterial in Long-Term Provisional Implant Restorations: A Review. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13020033. [PMID: 35466215 PMCID: PMC9036277 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has become a useful polymeric biomaterial due to its superior properties and has been increasingly used in dentistry, especially in prosthetic dentistry and dental implantology. Promising applications of PEEK in dentistry are dental implants, temporary abutment, implant-supported provisional crowns, fixed prosthesis, removable denture framework, and finger prosthesis. PEEK as a long-term provisional implant restoration has not been studied much. Hence, this review article aims to review PEEK as a long-term provisional implant restoration for applications focusing on implant dentistry. Articles published in English on PEEK biomaterial for long-term provisional implant restoration were searched in Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus. Then, relevant articles were selected and included in this literature review. PEEK presents suitable properties for various implant components in implant dentistry, including temporary and long-term provisional restorations. The modifications of PEEK result in wider applications in clinical dentistry. The PEEK reinforced by 30-50% carbon fibers can be a suitable material for the various implant components in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suphachai Suphangul
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.K.); (P.R.)
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Chatruethai Kanchanasobhana
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.K.); (P.R.)
| | - Pimduen Rungsiyakull
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.K.); (P.R.)
| | - Pisaisit Chaijareenont
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.K.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-(0)53-944-438
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Lee WT, Chen YC. Digitally Fabricated Dentures for Full Mouth Rehabilitation with Zirconia, Polyetheretherketone and Selective Laser Melted Ti-6Al-4V Material. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053021. [PMID: 35270714 PMCID: PMC8910438 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CAD/CAM technologies have been embedded into the fabrication of removable partial denture (RPD). Various materials such as zirconia and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) are developed for subtractive manufacturing. As for additive manufacturing, dental professionals have begun to use selective laser melting (SLM) techniques for fabricating metallic RPD frameworks. This report demonstrates a case rehabilitated with a maxillary telescopic crown-retained combining PEEK and zirconia material denture and a mandibular Kennedy Class I RPD fabricated with SLM techniques. First, a conventional impression was performed and the master cast was mounted with a centric relation record. Digital models were obtained using tabletop scanners and then the telescopic primary zirconia crowns were designed and milled. After transferring the intraoral distribution of primary crowns using pick-up impression, secondary PEEK crowns and framework were designed, milled, and veneered with composite resin. Mandibular framework was designed and constructed using SLM technique with Ti-6Al-4V. Definitive prostheses for both jaws were finished and delivered. Delivered prostheses functioned well for a one-year period. The was patient satisfied with the improvements in chewing function and esthetics. Both substrative and additive manufacturing techniques are suitable for framework fabrication. Further investigation is needed for improving the mechanical performance and long-term prognosis of digitally made prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Lee
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Chung Chen
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan;
- School of Dentistry & Institute of oral medicine, Medical College, National Chen Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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New generation CAD-CAM materials for implant-supported definitive frameworks fabricated by using subtractive technologies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3074182. [PMID: 35281596 PMCID: PMC8906986 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3074182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Innovations in digital manufacturing enabled the fabrication of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (ISFDPs) in a wide variety of recently introduced materials. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milling allows the fabrication of ISFDPs with high accuracy by reducing the fabrication steps of large-span frameworks. The longevity of ISFDPs depends on the overall mechanical properties of the framework material including its fit, and the physical properties of the veneering material and its bond with the framework. This comprehensive review summarizes the recent information on millable CAD-CAM framework materials such as pre-sintered soft alloys, fiber-reinforced composite resins, PEEK, and PEKK in high-performance polymer family, and 4Y-TZP. Even though promising results have been obtained with the use of new generation millable CAD-CAM materials for ISFDPs, clinical studies are lacking and future research should focus on the overall performance of these millable materials in both static and dynamic conditions.
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Maleki D, Pourkhalili H. Fracture resistance of polyetheretherketone, Ni-Cr, and fiberglass postcore systems: An in vitro study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022; 19:20. [PMID: 35308441 PMCID: PMC8927960 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.338783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Gerald Schmidt
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore, 07 RESEARCH Tower, 1 Create Way, Singapore 138602
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Strength and flexibility of lithium disilicate bonded to polyetherketoneketone. J Prosthet Dent 2021:S0022-3913(21)00581-3. [PMID: 34863577 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) is a high-performance polymer gaining popularity in dentistry for the fabrication of crowns, fixed partial dentures, removable partial denture frameworks, and frameworks for implant-supported fixed complete dentures. Despite a lack of performance data, lithium disilicate crowns have been bonded to retentive elements in PEKK frameworks. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the bond strengths and flexibility of lithium disilicate to PEKK or zirconia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five PEKK, 15 zirconia, and 60 lithium disilicate beam-shaped specimens (12.5×2×2 mm) were fabricated. The ends of the PEKK beams were subjected to 3 different surface treatments before the application and light polymerization of a primer: 50-μm aluminum oxide airborne-particle abrasion, nonthermal air plasma, and argon-oxygen plasma. The zirconia specimen bonding surfaces were prepared with 50-μm aluminum oxide airborne-particle abrasion and the application of primer. Lithium disilicate specimens were etched with 4.5% hydrofluoric acid, and primer was applied. The lithium disilicate specimens were luted with an adhesive resin cement to the PEKK and zirconia specimens by using light-activated and chemically activated polymerization. Fifteen monolithic specimens of PEKK, lithium disilicate, and zirconia (25×2×2 mm) were also fabricated. All specimens were incubated overnight in 100% humidity before testing. Bonded and monolithic specimens were loaded in a universal testing machine, and 4-point bend tests were conducted until failure (n=15). The flexural modulus and strength were calculated and statistically analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance and Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc tests (α=.05). RESULTS All bonded specimens failed at the adhesive interface. The zirconia-lithium disilicate bond strength was approximately twice that of the strongest group of PEKK (airborne-particle abrasion group) bonded to lithium disilicate (42 ±12 MPa and 24 ±13 MPa, respectively) and was approximately 9 times more rigid (71 ±19 GPa and 8 ±2 GPa, respectively). Monolithic PEKK fractured at 238 ±22 MPa, monolithic zirconia at 771 ±128 MPa, and monolithic lithium disilicate at 173 ±26 MPa. Monolithic PEKK was approximately 30 times more flexible than monolithic zirconia (6 ±1 GPa and 178 ±16 GPa, respectively). All values were statistically significantly different (P<.05), except for the bond strength between lithium disilicate and PEKK treated with airborne-particle abrasion and nonthermal air plasma and the flexural moduli of PEKK to lithium disilicate. CONCLUSIONS Bond strength between PEKK and lithium disilicate was significantly weaker than that between zirconia and lithium disilicate. Monolithic PEKK was significantly more flexible than monolithic zirconia.
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Köse TE, Günaçar DN, Ateş SM, Çağlar İ. Artifact expression of polyetheretherketone in cone beam computed tomography: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 126:793.e1-793.e5. [PMID: 34674841 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Dental prosthetic materials can cause artifacts in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, adversely affecting diagnostic quality, although the problem may be less with polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Studies evaluating the artifacts caused by frequently used prosthetic materials are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the artifacts in CBCT images caused by PEEK, zirconia, cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy, and titanium (Ti). MATERIAL AND METHODS A polymethylmethacrylate phantom (Ø4.0×4.0 cm) with a central cylindrical aperture (Ø0.5×0.5 cm) was produced. Co-Cr, Ti, zirconia, and PEEK cylinders (0.5×0.5 cm) were manufactured, and CBCT images of the empty phantom (control group) with the test cylinders inside were made 3 times. In all images, the axial sections passing through the middle of the materials were evaluated. Eight regions of interest (ROI) area were determined around the materials (0.5×0.5 cm). The presence of artifacts was evaluated by making gray value standard deviation (SD) calculations in these ROI areas. The average SD values of 8 ROI fields from the 3 CBCT scans were made, and the materials were compared with each other in terms of the presence of artifacts by using 1-way analysis of variance (α=.05). RESULTS The difference between the SD values of the control and the PEEK cylinder was not statistically significant (P>.05). The SD values of both the control and PEEK groups were significantly lower than those of the zirconia, Co-Cr, and Ti groups (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Zirconia, Ti, and Co-Cr caused artifacts in CBCT images, but the artifacts with PEEK were similar to those in the control group, suggesting it was the optimal choice in terms of achieving diagnostic quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Emre Köse
- Assistant Professor, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Dilara Nil Günaçar
- Assistant Professor, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Sabit Melih Ateş
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - İpek Çağlar
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
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Elashmawy Y, Aboushelib M, Elshahawy W. Retention of different CAD/CAM endocrowns bonded to severely damaged endodontically treated teeth: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2021; 21:269-275. [PMID: 34380814 PMCID: PMC8425367 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_91_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Assess the retention of endocrowns fabricated of different CAD/CAM materials. Settings and Design: In vitro - comparative study. Material and Methods: Root canal treated mandibular first molars were prepared in a standardized method. Standardized endocrowns were manufactured using four CAD-CAM blocks: resin infiltrated ceramic (Vita Enamic), partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Katana), lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max CAD), and polyether-ether-keton (PEEK, BioHPP). After proper surface treatment, the restorations were cemented using a resin cement (Panavia F2.0) and were connected to a special attachment unit and secured to a universal testing machine. The amount of axial load required to dislodge the restoration from the tooth structure was measured (n = 12, α = 0.05). Failures were classified as adhesive debonding from the tooth structure without damaging the supporting tooth structure and cohesive fracture of the supporting tooth structure Statistical Analysis Used: One-way analysis of variance,Tukey's post hoc test. Results: The retention of Vita Enamic (61 ± 11 N) and IPS e.max CAD (58 ± 9 N) was significantly higher (F = 123, P < 0.01) than Katana (33 ± 13) and Peek restorations (23 ± 11). Vita Enamic and IPS e.max CAD were associated with fractured tooth segments during debonding while Katana and PEEK specimens were adhesively debonded from the remaining tooth structure. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, using lithium disilicate ceramics and resin infiltrated ceramics as restorative materials to fabricate endocrowns to restore severely damaged endodontically treated teeth, recorded significantly higher retention values. Meanwhile, using yttrium partially stabilized zirconia and polyether ether ketones for the same purpose recorded a favorable mode failure which avoided the possibility of tooth fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Elashmawy
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Aboushelib
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of dentistry, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Waleed Elshahawy
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of dentistry, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
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Ozkan Ata S, Akay C, Ata N. Evaluation of bond strength of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) to composite resin on hypobaric and hyperbaric conditions. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1960343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Secil Ozkan Ata
- Department of Prosthodontics, Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Canan Akay
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
- Advanced Material Technologies Application and Research Center, Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
- Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center, Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Nazim Ata
- Aeromedical Research and Training Center, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Sloan R, Hollis W, Selecman A, Jain V, Versluis A. Bond strength of lithium disilicate to polyetheretherketone. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:1351-1357. [PMID: 33846011 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a high-performance polymer that is increasingly used in dentistry, for example, as a framework for implant-supported fixed complete dentures. One protocol calls for individual lithium disilicate crowns to be cemented on preparation-shaped retentive elements on the framework. However, the flexibility and strength of the bonded system is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the flexibility and strength of bonded lithium disilicate to PEEK with the bond between lithium disilicate and zirconia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifteen PEEK (JUVORA Dental Disc), 15 zirconia (ArgenZ HT+), and 30 lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD) beam-shaped specimens (12.5×2×2 mm) were prepared. The ends of the PEEK beams were conditioned with 50-μm aluminum oxide airborne-particle abrasion, followed by primer (visio.link) and light-activated polymerization. Zirconia specimens were prepared with airborne-particle abrasion and primer (Monobond Plus). Lithium disilicate specimens were etched with 4.5% hydrofluoric acid (IPS Ceramic Etching Gel) and primed (Monobond Plus). The lithium disilicate specimens were cemented (Multilink Automix) to the PEEK and zirconia specimens. Light- and chemical-activated polymerization were used. Monolithic specimens of PEEK and zirconia (25×2×2 mm) were also prepared. All specimens were stored overnight in distilled water and submitted to a 4-point bend test in a universal testing machine at 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed until fracture, and the flexural modulus and strength were calculated. Differences among groups were statistically tested by using 1-way analysis of variance followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test (α=.05). RESULTS All bonded specimens fractured at their adhesive interface. Zirconia bonded to lithium disilicate specimens (29.7 ±8.8 MPa) were approximately 3 times stronger than PEEK bonded to lithium disilicate specimens (10.4 ±2.7 MPa) and approximately 12 times more rigid (78.5 ±6.7 GPa and 6.5 ±1.8 GPa, respectively). The flexure of monolithic PEEK was such that it did not fracture when loaded at 0.5 mm/min, while zirconia fractured at 413.9 ±38.5 MPa. Monolithic PEEK was approximately 37 times more flexible than monolithic zirconia (4.3 ±0.3 GPa and 157.2 ±7.2 GPa, respectively). All values were statistically significantly different except between the flexural moduli of monolithic PEEK and PEEK bonded to lithium disilicate. CONCLUSIONS The bond strength between PEEK and lithium disilicate was significantly weaker than between zirconia and lithium disilicate. Monolithic zirconia was significantly stiffer than monolithic PEEK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Sloan
- Graduate student, Graduate Prosthodontics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tenn.
| | - Wainscott Hollis
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Audrey Selecman
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Vinay Jain
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Antheunis Versluis
- Professor, Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tenn
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On the synergistic effect of sulfonic functionalization and acidic adhesive conditioning to enhance the adhesion of PEEK to resin-matrix composites. Dent Mater 2021; 37:741-754. [PMID: 33589269 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of the sulfuric acid etching and an acidic adhesive conditioning on the shear bond strength of PEEK to a resin-matrix composite. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty PEEK specimens were assigned randomly to 4 groups for H2SO4 etching followed by universal adhesive (pH at 2.5) conditioning for 0, 1, 3, and 5 min. Thirty PEEK specimens were divided into 3 groups for only acidic adhesive conditioning for 0, 1, 3, and 5 min. After the light-curing of the adhesive, a nanohybrid resin composite was applied onto the surfaces and then light-cured following the manufacturer`s guidelines. All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h mechanical testing. Shear bond strength tests were performed using a universal testing machine. Surfaces were analyzed by SEM, light interferometry, FTIR, and liquid contact angle measurement. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS No adhesion was achieved between untreated PEEK a resin-matrix composite, regardless of the adhesive conditioning time points. Shear bond strength of H2SO4-etched PEEK to resin-matrix composite increased with time (0 mmin. 4.95 ± 2.86 MPa < 1 min: 9.35 ± 2.26 MPa < 3 min: 17.84 ± 2.82 MPa < 5 min: 21.43 ± 5.00 MPa). SEM images revealed a significant modification of PEEK surface topography after the H2SO4 etching. SIGNIFICANCE The acidic adhesive was unable to modify the untreated PEEK surface to establish an effective adhesion although a synergistic effect was noticed when the universal (acidic) adhesive was applied over a H2SO4-etched PEEK surface, thus improving the PEEK to resin-matrix composite adhesion.
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Surface roughness of high-performance polymers used for fixed implant-supported prostheses. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 126:254.e1-254.e6. [PMID: 33583619 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM High-performance polymers have been recommended by their manufacturers as a framework material for implant-supported fixed prostheses. However, little is known about the surface roughness of high-performance polymers in different compositions and whether they require layering with a composite resin or acrylic resin on the tissue surface. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface roughness of different computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) high-performance polymers and the effect of polishing on their surface roughness. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy high-performance polymer specimens (n=10) for 4 different polyetheretherketone (PEEK) brands (BRE, CP, ZZ, J), 1 polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) (PK), and 2 different fiber-reinforced composite resin (FRC) materials (T, TR) were milled from 7×8×30-mm CAD-CAM blocks. The surface roughness (Ra) of each specimen was measured on the same surfaces after milling (baseline) and after polishing by using a contact profilometer. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA (MIXED procedure) and the Bonferroni corrected t test (α=.05) were used to analyze the surface roughness data. RESULTS No significant differences were found among high-performance polymers when the baseline surface roughness measurements of the materials were compared (P>.05). All materials (BRE, PK, CP, T, TR, ZZ), except for a PEEK material (J) (P<.05), had no significant differences in their surface roughness before and after polishing. After polishing, the surface roughness of the J PEEK material was higher than that of CP, PK, T, and ZZ (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS The surface roughness of high-performance polymers in different compositions after milling was similar. Polishing increased the surface roughness of only one PEEK (J) material. All surface roughness values were above the clinical acceptability threshold of 0.2 μm.
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Barto A, Vandewalle KS, Lien W, Whang K. Repair of resin-veneered polyetheretherketone after veneer fracture. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 125:704.e1-704.e8. [PMID: 33546855 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM If a composite resin-veneered polyetheretherketone (PEEK) restoration chips or fractures, a repair may be indicated. However, the most appropriate repair protocol for a composite resin-veneered PEEK restoration is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the efficacy of airborne-particle abrasion and/or a primer in the repair of composite resin-veneered PEEK prostheses. MATERIAL AND METHODS PEEK specimens (N=80) were airborne-particle abraded with alumina before being conditioned with a methyl methacrylate-based primer. A thin layer of opaquer was applied, and a split mold was then filled with a veneering resin. The specimens underwent 5000 thermocycles, and then shear bond strength (SBS) was determined and used as the positive control group. Specimens that failed in either mixed or adhesive modes were contaminated with saliva and then exposed to 4 different repair treatment methods: no airborne-particle abrasion, bonded without a primer (negative control group); airborne-particle abrasion, bonded without a primer; no airborne-particle abrasion, bonded with a primer; and airborne-particle abrasion, bonded with a primer. All specimens had opaquer applied before being veneered. Repaired specimens then underwent thermocycling before SBS testing. Data were analyzed via ANOVA with a Newman-Keuls post hoc test (α=.05). RESULTS The SBS values for the negative control were significantly lower than those of all other repair groups and the control group (P<.018). No significant differences in the SBS values were found among these other repair groups or the positive control group (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS Composite resin-veneered PEEK restorations or prostheses repaired with airborne-particle abrasion and/or primer can provide SBS comparable with that of the initial SBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Barto
- Prosthodontics Resident, Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Lieutenant, Dental Corps, United States Navy, Officer Programs- Navy Medicine Training Support Center, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Kraig S Vandewalle
- Consultant in Dental Research, Advanced Education in General Dentistry Residency, US Air Force Postgraduate Dental School, Joint Base San Antonio - Lackland, Texas; Professor, Postgraduate Dental College, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md
| | - Wen Lien
- Consultant in Dental Biomaterials, US Air Force Dental Research & Consultation Service, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Kyumin Whang
- Division Head and Director for the Division of Research, Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
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Abstract
The piezoelectric direct discharge (PDD) is a comparatively new type of atmospheric pressure gaseous discharge for production of cold plasma. The generation of such discharge is possible using the piezoelectric cold plasma generator (PCPG) which comprises the resonant piezoelectric transformer (RPT) with voltage transformation ratio of more than 1000, allowing for reaching the output voltage >10 kV at low input voltage, typically below 25 V. As ionization gas for the PDD, either air or various gas mixtures are used. Despite some similarities with corona discharge and dielectric barrier discharge, the ignition of micro-discharges directly at the ceramic surface makes PDD unique in its physics and application potential. The PDD is used directly, in open discharge structures, mainly for treatment of electrically nonconducting surfaces. It is also applied as a plasma bridge to bias different excitation electrodes, applicable for a broad range of substrate materials. In this review, the most important architectures of the PDD based discharges are presented. The operation principle, the main operational characteristics and the example applications, exploiting the specific properties of the discharge configurations, are discussed. Due to the moderate power achievable by PCPG, of typically less than 10 W, the focus of this review is on applications involving thermally sensitive materials, including food, organic tissues, and liquids.
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Kadhum AS, Alhuwaizi AF. The efficacy of polyether-ether-ketone wire as a retainer following orthodontic treatment. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 7:302-312. [PMID: 33314768 PMCID: PMC8204027 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the efficacy of polyether‐ether‐ketone (PEEK) wire as a fixed orthodontic retainer, by comparing its performance to other retainer wires and optimizing its adhesion to composite bonding materials. Materials and methods Retainer wires of 15 mm segments were used, PEEK wires were prepared in cylindrical form with 0.8 mm diameter, and had two surface treatments namely air‐abrasion and conditioning with adhesive system. Three different metallic retainer wires were used for comparison and three tests were performed; two tests measured debonding force and associated wire deflection from acrylic blocks and bovine teeth and one test for pull‐out force. To test debonding force, a vertically directed compressive force was applied to the retainer wires bonded to the acrylic blocks and bovine teeth, while for pull‐out test; a vertically directed tensile force detached the retainer wire. Results In both debonding tests, PEEK wires (regardless the surface treatment) had non‐significant difference when compared to each other, or to the other metallic wires, except the dead‐soft coaxial wire group. The dead‐soft coaxial wire group had significant difference when compared to other groups regarding both the force magnitude and maximum deflection, the only exception was the debonding force of the flat braided retainer wires bonded to bovine teeth. In pull‐out test PEEK wires conditioned with adhesive system and the air‐abraded recorded the second and third highest readings respectively. Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, the 0.8 mm round PEEK wires have comparable performance—in terms of debonding and pull out forces—to conventional retainers when bonded with 4 mm composite bonding spots; using air‐abrasion for 10 s at 3.5 MPa provided sufficient adhesion of the composite to the wire, and conditioning with adhesive system may provide no further clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Salim Kadhum
- Orthodontic Department, College of DentistryUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq
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Sugano K, Komada W, Okada D, Miura H. Evaluation of composite resin core with prefabricated polyetheretherketone post on fracture resistance in the case of flared root canals. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:924-932. [PMID: 32595188 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to use polyetheretherketone (PEEK) for the post material and evaluate the fracture load of six restoration patterns in teeth with flared root canals; composite resin core alone (Group R); glass fiber sleeve (Group S); PEEK post (Group P); glass fiber post (Group F); PEEK post in glass fiber sleeve (Group PS); glass fiber post in glass fiber sleeve (Group FS). In this study, cylindroid specimens were prepared and underwent three-point-bending test in a steady condition and after water immersion. In the loading test, the materials in clinical conditions using bovine teeth were evaluated. In the bending test, groups using glass fiber posts and sleeves decreased in strength after water immersion. In the loading test, Groups F, FS and PS showed higher fracture load than other groups. This study showed PEEK posts and glass fiber sleeves are recommended in the case of flared root canals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiriko Sugano
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Wataru Komada
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Daizo Okada
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Hiroyuki Miura
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
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Lümkemann N, Eichberger M, Stawarczyk B. Bond strength between a high-performance thermoplastic and a veneering resin. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 124:790-797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Elashmawy Y, Elshahawy W, Seddik M, Aboushelib M. Influence of fatigue loading on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with endocrowns. J Prosthodont Res 2020; 65:78-85. [PMID: 32938873 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpor_2019_485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the influence of fatigue loading on fracture resistance of endodontically treated molars restored with endocrowns using different machinable blocks. METHODS Endodontically treated mandibular first molars were prepared using a standardized method. Specimens were divided into 4 groups (n = 10).Anatomically shaped endocrowns groups were manufactured using VITA ENAMIC (VE) and KATANA Zirconia (KZ). Layered endocrowns groups were manufactured using IPS e.max CAD (EM) and BioHPP (BH). Half of the specimens of each group were subjected to fracture resistance test, while the other half were subjected to thermocycling and chewing simulation. After fatigue loading, specimens were loaded until failure. Specimens were examined using stereomicroscopy. Data were analyzed using ANOVA analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test (α=0.05). RESULTS KZ group had the highest initial fracture resistance value (1810.20± 119.56 N) and BH had the lowest value (579.50± 76.15 N). The reduction of fracture resistance after fatigue loading was significant for KZ group (1588.30±216.25 N) and BH group (502.60±11.53 N) and non-significant to VE group (1101.70±77.05 N) and EM group (1112.10±74.12 N). Failure modes of KZ and EM groups showed high percentage of non-restorable fractures, while VE and BH groups showed high percentage of restorable fractures. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, the following can be concluded: Poly infiltrated ceramics should be considered as a proper material to be used as an endocrown material because of its ability to be restorable if failure occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Elashmawy
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Tanta Faculty of dentistry, Tanta
| | - Waleed Elshahawy
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Tanta Faculty of dentistry, Tanta
| | - Mohamed Seddik
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Tanta Faculty of dentistry, Tanta
| | - Moustafa Aboushelib
- Department of Dental Materials, University of Alexandria Faculty of dentistry, Alexandria
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Papathanasiou I, Kamposiora P, Papavasiliou G, Ferrari M. The use of PEEK in digital prosthodontics: A narrative review. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:217. [PMID: 32741366 PMCID: PMC7398079 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology led to the introduction of an increasing number of machinable materials suitable for dental prostheses. One of these materials is polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a high performance polymer recently used in dentistry with favorable physical, mechanical and chemical properties. The purpose of this study was to review the current published literature on the use of PEEK for the fabrication of dental prostheses with CAD-CAM techniques. Methods Electronic database searches were performed using the terms “PEEK”, “CAD-CAM”, “dental”, “dentistry” to identify studies related to the use of PEEK for the fabrication of CAD-CAM prostheses. The search period spanned from January 1990 through February 2020. Both in vivo and in vitro studies in English were eligible. Review articles and the references of the included publications were searched to identify relevant articles. Results A great number of in vitro studies are available in the current literature pointing out the noticeable properties of PEEK. The use of PEEK has been recommended for a wide range of CAD-CAM fabricated fixed and removable dental prostheses. PEEK was additionally recommended for occlusal splints, intra-radicular posts, implant abutments, customized healing abutments and provisional restorations. However, only a few clinical studies were identified. Conclusions PEEK could be considered as a viable alternative for CAD-CAM fixed and removable dental prostheses to well-established dental materials. Due to the scarcity of clinical data, clinical trials are needed to assess the long-term performance of PEEK prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Papathanasiou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Phophi Kamposiora
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - George Papavasiliou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Gama LT, Duque TM, Özcan M, Philippi AG, Mezzomo LAM, Gonçalves TMSV. Adhesion to high-performance polymers applied in dentistry: A systematic review. Dent Mater 2020; 36:e93-e108. [PMID: 32035670 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systemic review, conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement, was to investigate the impact of surface pretreatments on the bonding strength of high performance polymers (HPPs). METHODS Eight databases were searched through March 2019. Risk of bias was assessed and random effects meta-analyses were applied to analyze mean differences in shear bond strength (SBS) and tensile bond strength (TBS), considering surface pretreatments and bonding agents after 24h and thermocycling. RESULTS A total of 235 relevant titles and abstracts were found, yielding 11 final selections. Low risk of bias was observed in most studies. For polyetheretherketone (PEEK) specimens, random-effect models showed that, compared to non-treated controls, pretreatments associated with Visio.link® (Bredent, Senden, GE) increased TBS by 26.72MPa (95% confidence interval (CI), 19.69-33.76; p<0.00001) and increased SBS by 4.86MPa (95% CI, 2.61-7.10; p<0.00001). Air abrasion improved SBS by 4.90MPa (95% CI, 3.90-5.90; p<0.00001) (50μm alumina) and 4.51MPa (95% CI, 1.85-7.18; p=0.0009) (silica-coated CoJet). In comparison to non-treated controls, Visio.link® and Signum PEEK Bond® (Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, GE) increased SBS by 33.76MPa (95% CI, 18.72-48.81; p<0.00001) and 33.28MPa (95% CI, 17.48-49.07; p<0.00001), respectively. No differences were found between Visio.link® and Signum PEEK Bond® or Monobond Plus/Heliobond® (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, LH) (p>0.05). Similar results were observed for polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) specimens. SIGNIFICANCE This review shows improved HPP bonding following the application of various surface pretreatments, including air abrasion and bonding agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Tavares Gama
- Department Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira Avenue, 901, CEP: 13414-903, Areião, Piracicaba, Brazil.
| | - Thais Mageste Duque
- Dentistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), R. Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, s/n, CEP: 88040-900, Trindade, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Dental Materials Unit, Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Analucia Gebler Philippi
- Dentistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), R. Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, s/n, CEP: 88040-900, Trindade, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Luis André Mendonça Mezzomo
- Dentistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), R. Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, s/n, CEP: 88040-900, Trindade, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Thais Marques Simek Vega Gonçalves
- Dentistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), R. Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, s/n, CEP: 88040-900, Trindade, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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Plasma treatment of polyether-ether-ketone: A means of obtaining desirable biomedical characteristics. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Evaluation of Fracture Resistance and Microleakage of Endocrowns with Different Intracoronal Depths and Restorative Materials Luted with Various Resin Cements. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12162528. [PMID: 31398883 PMCID: PMC6720342 DOI: 10.3390/ma12162528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of restoration design on the fracture resistance of different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramics and investigate the marginal leakage of endocrowns according to different types of cement. In total, 96 extracted mandibular first premolars were used for fabrication of endocrowns; 48 of the endocrowns were divided into 6 groups (n = 8) according to intracoronal cavity depth (2 and 3 mm) and CAD/CAM ceramics (lithium disilicate IPS e.max-CAD, zirconia-reinforced glass-ceramic Vita Suprinity, and poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK)). Teeth were subjected to a fracture resistance test with a universal test machine following thermo-cycling. Failure modes were determined by stereomicroscope after the load test. The rest of the endocrowns (n = 48) were produced by Vita Suprinity ceramic and divided into 6 groups (n = 8) according to the cement used (Panavia V5, Relyx Ultimate, and GC cement) with intracoronal cavity depths of 2 and 3 mm. Microleakage tests were performed using methylene blue with stereomicroscope after thermo-cycling. Numerical data for both fracture resistance and microleakage tests were obtained and evaluated by three-way ANOVA. PEEK endocrowns had higher fracture resistance compared to lithium disilicate and Vita Suprinity. Panavia V5 cement had the lowest degree of microleakage, while GC cement had the highest. Different intracoronal cavity depths had no correlation with fracture resistance and microleakage.
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Kurahashi K, Matsuda T, Ishida Y, Ichikawa T. Effect of Surface Treatments on Shear Bond Strength of Polyetheretherketone to Autopolymerizing Resin. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7030082. [PMID: 31374927 PMCID: PMC6784460 DOI: 10.3390/dj7030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
These days, new prosthodontic materials are appearing with the development of digitalization. Among these, the use of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) as the clasp of removable partial dentures has been proposed. The adhesive strength between the PEEK and acrylic resin influences the probability of denture fracture. To investigate the effect of PEEK surface treatments on the shear bond strength to acrylic resin, five surface treatment conditions of PEEK were analyzed: 1. no treatment; 2. ceramic primer application; 3. Al2O3 sandblasting; 4. Rocatec; and 5. Rocatec with ceramic primer application, comparing with a metal primer-treated Co-Cr alloy. Two kinds of autopolymerizing resin (Unifast II and Palapress Vario) were used as bonding materials. The specimens were evaluated to determine the bond strength. Rocatec treatment with ceramic primer application yielded the highest bond strengths (12.71 MPa and 15.32 MPa, respectively, for Unifast II and Palapress Vario). When compared to a metal primer-treated Co-Cr alloy, the bond strength of PEEK to Unifast II was similar, whereas it was about 60% of that to Palapress Vario. Rocatec treatment, combined with ceramic primer, showed the highest bond strength of PEEK to acrylic resin. Treatment of PEEK will enable its use as the clasp of removable dentures and the fixation of PEEK prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kurahashi
- Department of Prosthodontics & Oral rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuda
- Department of Prosthodontics & Oral rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ishida
- Department of Prosthodontics & Oral rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ichikawa
- Department of Prosthodontics & Oral rehabilitation, Tokushima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
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Influence of laser structuring of PEEK, PEEK-GF30 and PEEK-CF30 surfaces on the shear bond strength to a resin cement. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 84:225-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Effects of sulfuric and vinyl sulfonic acid etchants on bond strength of resin composite to polyetherketoneketone. Odontology 2018; 107:158-164. [PMID: 29978283 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-018-0375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effects of etching with sulfuric acid (SA) and vinyl sulfonic acid (VSA) on the bond strength between a light-curing indirect resin composite and polyetherketoneketones (PEKK). PEKK specimens were ground with 600 silicon carbide papers, etched with 90% SA for 5 s (90-5 SA) or 95% VSA for 30 s (95-30 VSA), and then modified with a phosphate primer; afterward, a light-curing resin composite was veneered on the specimens. Two control groups were also prepared without etching (unetched/unprimed and unetched/primed). After 20,000 thermocycles in water at 4 and 60 °C, the shear bond strengths of the specimens were determined and subjected to a nonparametric (Steel-Dwass) test (α = 0.05, n = 8). The etched surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 2000× magnification. Higher bond strengths were obtained when the PEKK surface was etched with 90-5 SA or 95-30 VSA (90-5 SA/unprimed 24.3 ± 4.3 MPa, 90-5 SA/primed 26.2 ± 3.2 MPa, 95-30 VSA/unprimed 23.7 ± 2.5 MPa, 95-30 VSA/primed 24.3 ± 4.1 MPa), and these values were not statistically different, whereas the two control groups exhibited significantly lower bond strengths (unetched/unprimed 12.2 ± 1.7 MPa, unetched/primed 9.5 ± 2.7 MPa). SEM observations revealed that 95-30 VSA led to a microporous (felt-like) surface, which was different from the surface structure etched with 90-5 SA. Etching the PEKK surface with SA or VSA significantly improved the bond strength between resin composite and PEKK in contrast with the application of the phosphate primer. Appropriate chemical etching could be a useful option when fabricating prostheses using PEKK-based materials and indirect resin composites.
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Çulhaoğlu AK, Özkır SE, Şahin V, Yılmaz B, Kılıçarslan MA. Effect of Various Treatment Modalities on Surface Characteristics and Shear Bond Strengths of Polyetheretherketone‐Based Core Materials. J Prosthodont 2017; 29:136-141. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Serhat Emre Özkır
- Department of ProsthodonticsAfyon Kocatepe University School of Dentistry Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Volkan Şahin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of ProsthodonticsKırıkkale University Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Burak Yılmaz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and ProsthodonticsThe Ohio State University College of Dentistry Columbus OH
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Lümkemann N, Eichberger M, Stawarczyk B. Different PEEK qualities irradiated with light of different wavelengths: Impact on Martens hardness. Dent Mater 2017; 33:968-975. [PMID: 28662860 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of irradiation on Martens hardness parameters of different PEEK qualities filled with titanium dioxide (TiO2), namely PEEK/0%, PEEK/20%, and PEEK/>30%. METHODS For Martens hardness (HM) measurements, 40 specimens of each PEEK quality were fabricated and air-abraded with 50μm Al2O3. HM parameters of PEEK specimens were measured initially and stepwise after irradiating for 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 180, 360 and 540s using light units with different wavelength: Elipar S10 (430-480nm), EyeVolutionMAX (385-390nm+465-470nm), Translux CL (380-500nm) and bre.Lux Power Unit (370-500nm). HM parameters of 10 human teeth were measured initially on enamel and dentin. Data was analysed using 3-way ANOVA with partial eta-squared (ηP2) and post-hoc Tuckey-HSD-test (p<0.05). RESULTS PEEK qualities followed by the wavelength showed the highest effect on Martens hardness (p<0.013). PEEK/>30% (197.35±19.9N/mm2), followed by PEEK/20% (191.45±15.49 N/mm2) showed significantly higher values for HM than PEEK/0% (189.55±16.89N/mm2). PEEK/>30% (5.49±0.4kN/mm) and PEEK/20% (5.38±0.26kN/mm2) presented higher indentation modulus (EIT) than PEEK/0% (4.77±0.36kN/mm2). Irradiated with wavelength of 430-480nm (PEEK/0%: 193.28N/mm2, PEEK20%: 198.83N/mm2, PEEK/>30%: 200.5N/mm2) indicated higher HM compared to specimens irradiated with 380-500nm (PEEK/0%: 186.63N/mm2, PEEK20%: 191.05N/mm2, PEEK/>30%: 196.13N/mm2). Irradiation using 430-480nm (PEEK/0%: 4.95kN/mm2, PEEK20%: 5.52kN/mm2, PEEK/>30%: 5.59kN/mm2) and 370-500nm (PEEK/0%: 4.92kN/mm2, PEEK20%: 5.43kN/mm2, PEEK/>30%: 5.53kN/mm2) indicated higher EIT values compared to specimens irradiated with 380-500nm (PEEK/0%: 4.72kN/mm2, PEEK20%: 5.34kN/mm2, PEEK/>30%: 5.47kN/mm2). Duration of irradiation presented no impact on results. Enamel (HM: 2263.6±405.16, EIT: 63.16±19.24) and dentin (HM: 468.2±30.77N/mm2, EIT: 14.14±4.59kN/mm2) presented significantly higher HM and EIT than the tested PEEK qualities (p<0.001). SIGNIFICANCE Irradiation with different wavelength impacted HM parameter. The increase of TiO2 percentage in PEEK matrix improved the HM parameter. However, PEEK showed significantly lower HM parameter than human teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Lümkemann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Marlis Eichberger
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Bogna Stawarczyk
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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Hahnel S, Scherl C, Rosentritt M. Interim rehabilitation of occlusal vertical dimension using a double-crown-retained removable dental prosthesis with polyetheretherketone framework. J Prosthet Dent 2017. [PMID: 28641822 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a polymeric material that has recently been introduced in dentistry and can be used as framework material for fixed and removable dental prostheses. This clinical report describes the fabrication of a double-crown-retained prosthesis with a PEEK framework in a patient with a substantially diminished occlusal vertical dimension. The insertion of the removable dental prosthesis with a PEEK framework resulted in the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of the patient; however, removable dental prostheses fabricated from PEEK should currently be regarded as interim restorations because of the limited available scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hahnel
- Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Christian Scherl
- Master Dental Technician, Dental laboratory, Poljakow and Mueller, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Rosentritt
- Associate Professor and Engineer, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Bonding to Different PEEK Compositions: The Impact of Dental Light Curing Units. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10010067. [PMID: 28772427 PMCID: PMC5344627 DOI: 10.3390/ma10010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of different light curing units (LCUs) for the polymerization of adhesive system visio.link (VL) on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of different PEEK compositions. For TBS measurements, 216 PEEK specimens with varying amounts of TiO₂ (PEEK/0%, PEEK/20%, PEEK/>30%) were embedded, polished, air abraded (Al₂O₃, 50 µm, 0.4 MPa), conditioned using VL, and polymerized using either a halogen LCU (HAL-LCU) or a LED LCU (LED-LCU) for chairside or labside application, respectively. After thermocycling (5000×, 5/55 °C), TBS was measured, and fracture types were determined. Data was analyzed using a 2-way ANOVA followed by Tukey-HSD, Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests as well as a Chi²-test and a Ciba-Geigy table (p < 0.05). Globally, the light curing units, followed by PEEK composition, was shown to have the highest impact on TBS. The HAL-LCUs, compared to the LED-LCUs, resulted in a higher TBS for all PEEK compositions-without significant differences between chairside and labside units. Regarding the different PEEK compositions, PEEK/20%, compared to PEEK/0%, resulted in a higher TBS when both, HAL-LCUs or LED-LCUs were used for labside application. In comparison with PEEK/>30%, PEEK/20% resulted in a higher TBS after using HAL-LCU for labside application. No significant differences were found between PEEK/0% and PEEK/>30%. HAL-LCU with PEEK/20% for labside application showed a higher TBS than HAL-LCU with PEEK/20% for chairside application, whereas LED-LCU with PEEK/>30% for chairside application showed a higher TBS than LED-LCU with PEEK/>30% for labside application.
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Panayotov IV, Orti V, Cuisinier F, Yachouh J. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) for medical applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:118. [PMID: 27259708 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-016-5731-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a polyaromatic semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer with mechanical properties favorable for bio-medical applications. Polyetheretherketone forms: PEEK-LT1, PEEK-LT2, and PEEK-LT3 have already been applied in different surgical fields: spine surgery, orthopedic surgery, maxillo-facial surgery etc. Synthesis of PEEK composites broadens the physicochemical and mechanical properties of PEEK materials. To improve their osteoinductive and antimicrobial capabilities, different types of functionalization of PEEK surfaces and changes in PEEK structure were proposed. PEEK based materials are becoming an important group of biomaterials used for bone and cartilage replacement as well as in a large number of diverse medical fields. The current paper describes the structural changes and the surface functionalization of PEEK materials and their most common biomedical applications. The possibility to use these materials in 3D printing process could increase the scientific interest and their future development as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vladislavov Panayotov
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA 4203, UFR Odontologie, Université de Montpellier, 545 Avenue du Professeur Jean-Louis Viala, 34193, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - Valérie Orti
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA 4203, UFR Odontologie, Université de Montpellier, 545 Avenue du Professeur Jean-Louis Viala, 34193, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Frédéric Cuisinier
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA 4203, UFR Odontologie, Université de Montpellier, 545 Avenue du Professeur Jean-Louis Viala, 34193, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jacques Yachouh
- Laboratoire de Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA 4203, UFR Odontologie, Université de Montpellier, 545 Avenue du Professeur Jean-Louis Viala, 34193, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Schwitalla AD, Abou-Emara M, Zimmermann T, Spintig T, Beuer F, Lackmann J, Müller WD. The applicability of PEEK-based abutment screws. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 63:244-251. [PMID: 27434650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The high-performance polymer PEEK (poly-ether-ether-ketone) is more and more being used in the field of dentistry, mainly for removable and fixed prostheses. In cases of screw-retained implant-supported reconstructions of PEEK, an abutment screw made of PEEK might be advantageous over a conventional metal screw due to its similar elasticity. Also in case of abutment screw fracture, a screw of PEEK could be removed more easily. M1.6-abutment screws of four different PEEK compounds were subjected to tensile tests to set their maximum tensile strengths in relation to an equivalent stress of 186MPa, which is aused by a tightening torque of 15Ncm. Two screw types were manufactured via injection molding and contained 15% short carbon fibers (sCF-15) and 40% (sCF-40), respectively. Two screw types were manufactured via milling and contained 20% TiO2 powder (TiO2-20) and >50% parallel orientated, continuous carbon fibers (cCF-50). A conventional abutments screw of Ti6Al4V (Ti; CAMLOG(®) abutment screw, CAMLOG, Wimsheim, Germany) served as control. The maximum tensile strength was 76.08±5.50MPa for TiO2-20, 152.67±15.83MPa for sCF-15, 157.29±20.11MPa for sCF-40 and 191.69±36.33MPa for cCF-50. The maximum tensile strength of the Ti-screws amounted 1196.29±21.4MPa. The results of the TiO2-20 and the Ti screws were significantly different from the results of the other samples, respectively. For the manufacturing of PEEK abutment screws, PEEK reinforced by >50% continuous carbon fibers would be the material of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Dominik Schwitalla
- Dental Materials and Biomaterial Research, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohamed Abou-Emara
- Beuth University of Applied Sciences, Luxemburger Str. 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tycho Zimmermann
- Dental Materials and Biomaterial Research, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Spintig
- Dental Materials and Biomaterial Research, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Beuer
- Head of the Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Justus Lackmann
- Beuth University of Applied Sciences, Luxemburger Str. 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolf-Dieter Müller
- Dental Materials and Biomaterial Research, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
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Fracture load and failure types of different veneered polyetheretherketone fixed dental prostheses. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 20:2493-2500. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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40
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Physicomechanical characterization of polyetheretherketone and current esthetic dental CAD/CAM polymers after aging in different storage media. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 115:321-8.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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