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Qiao Y, Chen H, Guo J, Zhang X, Liang X, Wei L, Wang Q, Bi H, Gao T. A study on the effects of metacinnabar (β-HgS) on weight and appetite recovery in stressed mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118663. [PMID: 39128797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Depression is a prevalent stress disorder, yet the underlying physiological mechanisms linking stress to appetite and weight loss remain elusive. While most antidepressants are associated with excessive weight and appetite gain, sertraline (SER) exhibits a lower risk of these side effects. Metacinnabar (β-HgS), the primary component of Tibetan medicine Zuotai, has been shown to enhance mice's resilience against external stress without causing excessive increases in weight or appetite. However, the precise physiological pathway through which β-HgS restores appetite and weight in stressed mice remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of β-HgS in ameliorating weight loss and appetite suppression induced by pressure stimulation in mice, as well as elucidate its potential mechanisms of action. METHODS The present study employed chronic restraint stress (CRS) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) as experimental models to simulate environmental stress encountered in daily life. Subsequently, a series of experiments were conducted, including behavior tests, HE staining of rectal and hippocampal pathological sections, detection of depression-related biological indicators, analysis of intestinal flora diversity, as well as metabolomics analysis of hippocampal and intestinal contents. RESULT Dysregulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism may represent the principal pathway underlying reduced appetite, body weight, neurotransmitter and appetite hormone levels, heightened inflammatory response, hippocampal and rectal tissue damage, as well as altered composition of intestinal microbiota in stressed mice. Following intervention with SER and β-HgS in stressed mice, the deleterious effects induced by stress can be ameliorated, in which the medium-dose β-HgS exhibited superior performance. CONCLUSION The aforementioned research findings suggest that the stress-induced decrease in appetite and body weight in mice may be associated with dysregulation in glycerophospholipid metabolism connecting the gut-brain axis. β-HgS exhibits potential in ameliorating depressive-like symptoms in mice subjected to stress, while concurrently restoring their body weight and appetite without inducing excessive augmentation. Its therapeutic effect may also be attributed to its ability to modulate glycerophospholipid metabolism status and exert influence on the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Qiao
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, 810008, China; School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) yuquan road, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Hanxi Chen
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Juan Guo
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, 810008, China; School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Xingfang Zhang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, 810008, China; Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Xinxin Liang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, 810008, China; School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) yuquan road, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Lixin Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) yuquan road, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Qiannan Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, 810008, China; School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Hongtao Bi
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) yuquan road, Beijing, 10049, China.
| | - Tingting Gao
- School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China; Department of Psychiatry, the People's Hospital of Jiangmen, Southern Medical University, Jiangmen, 529000, China.
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Huh Y, Kim HR, Park HS. Association Between Antidepressants and Antianxiety Medications and Weight Gain in Korean Adults Aged 19-39 Years. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024:dgae513. [PMID: 39106237 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The number of young Koreans using antidepressants and antianxiety medications is increasing. OBJECTIVE Studies evaluating the association between these medications and weight gain are limited. We investigated this association among Korean young adults. METHODS We included 792,022 participants aged 19-39 years who underwent Korean National Health Insurance Service health examinations more than twice between 2009 and 2019. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between antidepressants and antianxiety medications and weight gain. RESULTS The participants' average age and body mass index were 29.4±4.7 years and 23.0±3.6 kg/m2, respectively. The proportions of weight gain ≥10 kg/year were 1.7%; 2.4%; 2.9%; and 4.1% in individuals using neither antidepressants nor antianxiety medications; only antianxiety medications; only antidepressants; and both antidepressants and antianxiety medications, respectively. Compared with individuals using neither antidepressants nor antianxiety medications, the rate ratios (95% confidence intervals) for weight gain ≥10 kg/year were higher in those using only antianxiety medications; only antidepressants; and both antidepressants and antianxiety medications; at 1.77 (1.69-1.85); 2.15 (2.05-2.0); and 3.04 (2.91-3.18), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Using antidepressants and antianxiety medications may contribute to an increased risk of weight gain among Korean young adults. The potential risk for weight gain should be considered when those medications are used and the prevention of weight gain is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Huh
- Department of Family Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Korea
| | - Hae-Rim Kim
- College of Natural Science, School of Statistics, University of Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Soon Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
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Negrey JD, Frye BM, Craft S, Register TC, Baxter MG, Jorgensen MJ, Shively CA. Executive function mediates age-related variation in social integration in female vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus). GeroScience 2024; 46:841-852. [PMID: 37217631 PMCID: PMC10828467 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00820-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, social participation and integration wane with advanced age, a pattern hypothesized to stem from cognitive or physical decrements. Similar age-related decreases in social participation have been observed in several nonhuman primate species. Here, we investigated cross-sectional age-related associations between social interactions, activity patterns, and cognitive function in 25 group-living female vervets (a.k.a. African green monkeys, Chlorocebus sabaeus) aged 8-29 years. Time spent in affiliative behavior decreased with age, and time spent alone correspondingly increased. Furthermore, time spent grooming others decreased with age, but the amount of grooming received did not. The number of social partners to whom individuals directed grooming also decreased with age. Grooming patterns mirrored physical activity levels, which also decreased with age. The relationship between age and grooming time was mediated, in part, by cognitive performance. Specifically, executive function significantly mediated age's effect on time spent in grooming interactions. In contrast, we did not find evidence that physical performance mediated age-related variation in social participation. Taken together, our results suggest that aging female vervets were not socially excluded but decreasingly engaged in social behavior, and that cognitive deficits may underlie this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Negrey
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1040, USA
| | - Brett M Frye
- Department of Biology, Emory and Henry College, Emory, VA, USA
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine/Gerontology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine/Gerontology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Thomas C Register
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1040, USA
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark G Baxter
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1040, USA
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Jorgensen
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1040, USA
| | - Carol A Shively
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1040, USA.
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Franzago M, Orecchini E, Porreca A, Mondanelli G, Orabona C, Dalla Ragione L, Di Nicola M, Stuppia L, Vitacolonna E, Beccari T, Ceccarini MR. SLC6A4 DNA Methylation Levels and Serum Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio in Eating Disorders: A Possible Link with Psychopathological Traits? Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020406. [PMID: 36678277 PMCID: PMC9866524 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of eating disorders (EDs), serious mental and physical conditions characterized by a disturbance in eating or eating-related behaviors, has increased steadily. The present study aims to develop insights into the pathophysiology of EDs, spanning over biochemical, epigenetic, psychopathological, and clinical data. In particular, we focused our attention on the relationship between (i) DNA methylation profiles at promoter-associated CpG sites of the SCL6A4 gene, (ii) serum kynurenine/tryptophan levels and ratio (Kyn/Trp), and (iii) psychopathological traits in a cohort of ED patients. Among these, 45 patients were affected by restricting anorexia nervosa (AN0), 21 by purging AN (AN1), 21 by bulimia (BN), 31 by binge eating disorders (BED), 23 by unspecified feeding or eating disorders (UFED), and finally 14 by other specified eating disorders (OSFED) were compared to 34 healthy controls (CTRs). Results: Kyn level was higher in BED, UFED, and OSFED compared to CTRs (p ≤ 0.001). On the other hand, AN0, AN1, and BN patients showed significatively lower Kyn levels compared to the other three ED groups but were closed to CTRs. Trp was significantly higher in AN0, AN1, and BN in comparison to other ED groups. Moreover, AN1 and BN showed more relevant Trp levels than CTRs (p <0.001). BED patients showed a lower Trp as compared with CTRs (p ≤ 0.001). In addition, Kyn/Trp ratio was lower in the AN1 subtype but higher in BED, UFED, and OSFED patients than in CTRs (p ≤ 0.001). SCL6A4 DNA methylation level at CpG5 was lower in AN0 compared to BED (p = 0.021), and the CpG6 methylation was also significantly lower in AN0 in comparison to CTRs (p = 0.025). The mean methylation levels of the six CpGs analyzed were lower only in the AN0 subgroup compared to CTRs (p = 0.008). Relevant psychological trait EDI-3 subscales were correlated with biochemical and epigenetic data. Conclusions: These findings underline the complexity of psychological and pathophysiological components of EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Orecchini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Porreca
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giada Mondanelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ciriana Orabona
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Dalla Ragione
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Unit, University Campus Biomedico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Rachele Ceccarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-7905
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He Q, Lian C, Peng S, Chen H, Kang Q, Chen J. Hypermethylation of the serotonin transporter gene and paternal parenting styles in untreated anorexia nervosa patients: A pilot study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12635. [PMID: 36747546 PMCID: PMC9898629 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose It has been reported that serotonergic systems and parenting styles are involved in the pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa (AN). The present study made attempts to examine the DNA methylation profiles in the promoter region of serotonin transporter (5-HTT) encoding gene SLC6A4, and explore the association between the methylation level and severity of symptoms, 5-HTT linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotypes and parenting styles in untreated Chinese Han AN patients. Methods Ninety-one untreated female AN patients (ANs) and eighty-seven matched healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed for DNA methylation status at CpG islands in the promoter region of SLC6A4 using MassARRY EpiTYPER, and genotypes of 5-HTTLPR using PCR-RFLP. The severity of eating disorder (ED) symptoms was evaluated by body mass index (BMI) and Questionnaire Version of the Eating Disorders Examination (EDE-Q 6.0), and part of participants were assessed parenting styles using the short Chinese Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostra (s-EMBU-C). Results ANs had greater methylation levels at CpG26.27.28, CpG 31.32, and CpG 37 than HCs (P = 0.039, 0.042, 0.018 respectively). A positive association of methylation level at CpG26.27.28 with ED symptoms detected by EDEQ-6.0 was discovered in AN group (r = 0.216, P = 0.047). Methylation level at CpG26.27.28 was showed to be or tend to be positively correlated with the parenting styles of paternal rejection (r = 0.425, P = 0.038) and paternal overprotection (r = 0.362, P = 0.062) in ANs. No significant differences were found in SLC6A4 promoter region methylation levels among 5-HTTLPR genotypes in our samples (P > 0.05) and no interaction effect between 5-HTTLPR genotypes and parenting styles on SLC6A4 promoter region methylation was observed (P > 0.05). Conclusions This study suggested that hypermethylation of SLC6A4 promoter region may be implicated in the pathological mechanisms of untreated Chinese Han female ANs, which is possibly associated with poor parenting styles. This finding may provide a direction for the epigenetic and family treatments for ANs and further investigation with larger samples is warranted.
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Onaolapo AY, Sulaiman H, Olofinnade AT, Onaolapo OJ. Antidepressant-like potential of silymarin and silymarin-sertraline combination in mice: Highlighting effects on behaviour, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. World J Pharmacol 2022; 11:27-47. [DOI: 10.5497/wjp.v11.i3.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is increasing advocacy for the use of diet, dietary supplements, and herbal remedies in depression management.
AIM To determine the antidepressant effects of standardized silymarin (SILY) extract either as a sole agent or as an adjunct in depression therapy.
METHODS Adult mice were assigned into three main groups based on the neurobehavioural models; and each main group had ten treatment groups of 10 mice each. Treatment groups were: Vehicle control group, oral sertraline (SERT) group, two groups fed SILY)-supplemented diet (SILY at 140 and 280 mg/kg of feed, respectively), dexamethasone (DEX; i.p.) group, DEX/SERT group, two groups of DEX/SILY (SILY at 140 and 280 mg/kg of feed, respectively), and another two groups of (SERT/DEX/SILY) (SILY at 140 and 280 mg/kg of feed, respectively, plus i.p. DEX plus SERT). Duration of the study was 7 wk, and treatments were administered daily.
RESULTS SILY (alone) increased body weight, open field locomotor activity, rearing, and grooming; it also enhanced spatial working memory while decreasing anxiety-related behaviours and behavioural despair. SILY also improved antioxidant status while decreasing lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase activity, and inflammatory markers. Neuronal integrity of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus was preserved. Overall, when administered alone or with SERT, SILY counteracted DEX-induced behavioural and biochemical changes while preserving neuromorphological integrity.
CONCLUSION In conclusion, SILY is beneficial in mitigating DEX-induced central nervous system and other related changes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hameed Sulaiman
- Department of Pharmacology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Oyo State 234, Nigeria
| | - Anthony Tope Olofinnade
- Department of Pharmacology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Oyo State 234, Nigeria
| | - Olakunle James Onaolapo
- Department of Pharmacology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Oyo State 234, Nigeria
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Silverstein-Metzler MG, Frye BM, Justice JN, Clarkson TB, Appt SE, Jeffrey Carr J, Register TC, Albu-Shamah M, Shaltout HA, Shively CA. Psychosocial stress increases risk for type 2 diabetes in female cynomolgus macaques consuming a western diet. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 139:105706. [PMID: 35259592 PMCID: PMC8977247 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic psychosocial stress is associated with increased risk of many chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, it is difficult to establish a causal relationship between stress and diabetes in human studies because stressors often are self-reported and may be distant in time from metabolic consequences. Macaques are useful models of the effects of chronic psychosocial stress on health and may develop obesity and diabetes similar to human beings. Thus, we studied the relationships between social subordination stress - a well-validated psychological stressor in macaques - and body composition and carbohydrate metabolism in socially housed, middle-aged female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis; n = 42). Following an 8-week baseline phase, the monkeys were fed a Western diet for 36 months (about equivalent to 10 human years). Social status was determined based on the outcomes of agonistic interactions (X¯= 33.3 observation hours/monkey). Phenotypes collected included plasma cortisol, body composition, circulating markers of glucose metabolism, activity levels, and heart rate variability measured as RMSSD (root of mean square of successive differences) and SDDN (standard deviation of beat to beat interval) after 1.5- and 3-years on diet. Mixed model analyses of variance revealed that aggression received, submissions sent, and cortisol were higher, and RMSSD and SDNN were lower in subordinates than dominants (social status: p < 0.05). After 3 years of Western diet consumption, fasting triglyceride, glucose and insulin concentrations, calculated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body weight and body fat mass increased in all animals (time: all p's < 0.05); however, the increase in fasting glucose and HOMA-IR was significantly greater in subordinates than dominants (time x social status: p's < 0.05). Impaired glucose metabolism, (glucose > 100 mg/dl) incidence was significantly higher in subordinates (23%) than dominants (0%) (Fisher's exact test, p < 0.05). These findings suggest that chronic psychosocial stress, on a Western diet background, significantly increases type 2 diabetes risk in middle-aged female primates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brett M Frye
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Jamie N Justice
- Internal Medicine/Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Thomas B Clarkson
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Susan E Appt
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Thomas C Register
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Mays Albu-Shamah
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Hossam A Shaltout
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Carol A Shively
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA.
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Lin Y, Yang N, Bao B, Wang L, Chen J, Liu J. Luteolin reduces fat storage inCaenorhabditis elegansby promoting the central serotonin pathway. Food Funct 2020; 11:730-740. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02095k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin promotes central serotonin signaling to induce fat loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
| | - Nan Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
| | - Bin Bao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process
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Bezerra MS, Martins ABM, Trajano FMG, Pontes THDA, Gomes LTDC, Gavioli EC, Silva Junior EDD. Fluoxetine and sertraline effects on rat distal cauda epididymis contraction, sperm count and sperm transit time trough epididymis. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Gonzalez-Armenta JL, Gao Z, Appt SE, Vitolins MZ, Michalson KT, Register TC, Shively CA, Molina AJA. Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Respiration Is Elevated in Female Cynomolgus Macaques Fed a Western Compared with a Mediterranean Diet. J Nutr 2019; 149:1493-1502. [PMID: 31112997 PMCID: PMC6736071 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Western diets are associated with increased incidences of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia, whereas Mediterranean diets, richer in polyphenols, monounsaturated fats, fruits, vegetables, poultry, and fish, appear to have cardiometabolic health benefits. Previous work has included population-based studies with limited evidence for causation or animal studies focused on single macro- or micronutrients; therefore, primate animal models provide an opportunity to determine potential mechanisms underlying the effects of dietary patterns on health and disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of whole dietary patterns, either a Western or Mediterranean diet, on skeletal muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics in cynomolgus macaques. METHODS In this study, 22 adult female cynomolgus macaques (∼11-14 y by dentition) were fed either a Western or Mediterranean diet for 30 mo. The Western diet was designed to mimic the diet of a middle-aged American woman and the Mediterranean diet included key aspects of Mediterranean diets studied in humans, such as plant-based proteins and fat, complex carbohydrates, and fiber. Diets were matched on macronutrient composition (16% protein, 54% carbohydrate, and 31% fat) and cholesterol content. Skeletal muscle was collected for high-resolution respirometry, citrate synthase activity, and western blot measurements. Pearson correlation analysis between respirometry measures and measures of carbohydrate metabolism was also performed. RESULTS We found that consumption of a Western diet resulted in significantly higher mitochondrial respiration with fatty acid oxidation (FAO) (53%), FAO + complex I (52%), complex I + II (31%), max electron transport system (ETS) (31%), and ETS rotenone sensitive (31%) than did consumption of a Mediterranean diet. In addition, measures of respiration in response to fatty acids were significantly and positively correlated with both insulin resistance and plasma insulin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of dietary composition in mitochondrial bioenergetics and that diet can influence skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration independently of other factors such as macronutrient composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny L Gonzalez-Armenta
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC,Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC,J Paul Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Zhengrong Gao
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC,J Paul Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Susan E Appt
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Mara Z Vitolins
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - Thomas C Register
- J Paul Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Winston-Salem, NC,Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Carol A Shively
- J Paul Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Winston-Salem, NC,Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Anthony J A Molina
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC,J Paul Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Winston-Salem, NC,Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA,Address correspondence to AJAM (e-mail: )
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11
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Wartko PD, Weiss NS, Enquobahrie DA, Chan KCG, Stephenson-Famy A, Mueller BA, Dublin S. Antidepressant continuation in pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2019; 28:1194-1203. [PMID: 31298445 DOI: 10.1002/pds.4799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies observed modestly higher risk of gestational diabetes (GDM) associated with antidepressant use in pregnancy, potentially due to confounding by indication. We assessed the association of antidepressant continuation in pregnancy with GDM, as well as blood glucose levels, after accounting for confounding. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of singleton live births from 2001 to 2014 to women enrolled in Kaiser Permanente Washington, an integrated health care delivery system, utilizing electronic health data and linked Washington State birth records. We required that women have ≥1 antidepressant prescription fills ≤6 months before pregnancy. Women with an antidepressant fill during pregnancy were categorized as "continuers" (n = 1634); those without a fill were "discontinuers" (n = 1211). We calculated relative risks (RRs) for GDM and mean differences in screening blood glucose levels using generalized estimating equations with inverse probability of treatment weighting to account for baseline characteristics, including mental health conditions and indicators of mental health severity. RESULTS Compared with discontinuers, antidepressant continuers had comparable risk of GDM (RR: 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-1.44) and blood glucose levels (mean difference: 2.3 mg/dL; 95% CI, -1.5 to 6.1 mg/dL). We observed generally similar results for specific antidepressants, with the potential exceptions of risk of GDM associated with sertraline (RR: 1.30; 95% CI, 0.90-1.88) and venlafaxine (RR: 1.52; 95% CI, 0.87-2.68), but neither association was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that overall, women who continue antidepressants in pregnancy are not at increased risk for GDM or higher blood glucose, although further study may be warranted for sertraline and venlafaxine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige D Wartko
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Noel S Weiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - K C Gary Chan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Beth A Mueller
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sascha Dublin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
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12
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Rachdi C, Damak R, Fekih Romdhane F, Ouertani H, Cheour M. Impact of sertraline on weight, waist circumference and glycemic control: A prospective clinical trial on depressive diabetic type 2 patients. Prim Care Diabetes 2019; 13:57-62. [PMID: 30287230 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Depression is prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes. It may have a negative impact on the management of diabetes mellitus and could affect weight. The main aim of the investigation was to evaluate the effect of antidepressant treatment (sertraline) on anthropometric variables and glycemic control in depressed type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS Thirty three type 2 diabetic outpatients depressed received open-label sertraline therapy for up to 12 weeks. Clinical outcome measures included the 17-item Hamilton depression rating. Changes in the anthropometrics variables were evaluated by measuring weight, waist circumference and by calculating body mass index at three, six and 12 weeks of treatment. In addition, fasting, postprandial plasma glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin-A 1C measures, lipid and renal profile were obtained before and during sertraline therapy. RESULTS Weight decreased significantly (-2kg; p=0.000) and body mass index decreased from 30.41kg/m2 to 29.6kg/m2 (p=0.000). Patients lost on average seven centimeters in waist circumference (p=0.000). We also observed a modest, non-significant reduction in fasting, postprandial and glycosylated hemoglobin. We observed a significant reduction in mean score according to the Hamilton depression scale (p=0.000) CONCLUSION: Our study results suggested that sertraline produced a benefic effect on weight, body mass index and waist circumference at 12-week follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaima Rachdi
- Ibn Oumrane Psychiatry Department, Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia; Faculty of Medecine, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Damak
- Ibn Oumrane Psychiatry Department, Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia; Faculty of Medecine, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia.
| | - Feten Fekih Romdhane
- Ibn Oumrane Psychiatry Department, Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia; Faculty of Medecine, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Haroun Ouertani
- Faculty of Medecine, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia; Endocriology department, Military hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Majda Cheour
- Ibn Oumrane Psychiatry Department, Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia; Faculty of Medecine, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
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13
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Siafis S, Papazisis G. Detecting a potential safety signal of antidepressants and type 2 diabetes: a pharmacovigilance-pharmacodynamic study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:2405-2414. [PMID: 29953643 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Recent data suggest that antidepressants are associated with incident diabetes but the possible pharmacological mechanism is still questioned. The aim of the present study was to evaluate antidepressant's risk for reporting diabetes using disproportionality analysis of the FDA adverse events spontaneous reporting system (FAERS) database and to investigate possible receptor/transporter mechanisms involved. METHODS Data from 2004 to 2017 were analysed using OpenVigil2 and adjusted reporting odds ratio (aROR) for reporting diabetes was calculated for 22 antidepressants. Events included in the narrow scope of the SMQ 'hyperglycaemia/new-onset diabetes mellitus' were defined as cases and all the other events as non-cases. The pharmacodynamic profile was extracted using the PDSP and IUPHAR/BPS databases and the occupancy on receptors (serotonin, alpha adrenoreceptors, dopamine, muscarinic, histamine) and transporters (SERT, NET, DAT) was estimated. The relationship between aROR for diabetes and receptor occupancy was investigated with Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) and univariate linear regression. RESULTS Six antidepressants were associated with diabetes: nortriptyline with aROR [95% CI] of 2.01 [1.41-2.87], doxepin 1.97 [1.31-2.97], imipramine 1.82 [1.09-3.06], sertraline 1.47 [1.29-1.68], mirtazapine 1.33 [1.04-1.69] and amitriptyline 1.31 [1.09-1.59]. Strong positive correlation coefficients between occupancy and aROR for diabetes were identified for the receptors M1 , M3 , M4 , M5 and H1 . CONCLUSION Most of the tricyclic antidepressants, mirtazapine and sertraline seem to be associated with reporting diabetes in FAERS. Higher degrees of occupancy on muscarinic receptors and H1 may be a plausible pharmacological mechanism. Further clinical assessment and pharmacovigilance data is needed to validate this potential safety signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Siafis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Papazisis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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14
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Long-term sertraline treatment and depression effects on carotid artery atherosclerosis in premenopausal female primates. Menopause 2018; 24:1175-1184. [PMID: 28609387 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis developed during premenopausal years predicts postmenopausal atherosclerosis burden. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants, recently approved for hot flushes, have been associated with increased ischemic stroke risk in several observational studies; however, effects on carotid artery atherosclerosis, a strong predictor of future vascular events, are unknown. METHODS The effects of chronic administration of a commonly prescribed SSRI, sertraline HCl, on atherosclerosis in the carotid artery was assessed in a placebo-controlled, longitudinal, randomized study of premeonopausal depressed and nondepressed cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis; n = 42). Physiologic and behavioral phenotypes were evaluated at baseline and after 18 months of oral sertraline (20 mg/kg, n = 21) or placebo (n = 21). Carotid artery atherosclerosis was measured post mortem via histomorphometry. RESULTS Atherosclerosis extent in the right common carotid artery, on average, was 60% greater in sertraline-treated depressed monkeys compared with all other groups (P = 0.028). The results of linear regression analyses suggested that sertraline and depression effects on atherosclerosis were not mediated by their effects on behavioral and physiological risk factors. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that chronic SSRI treatment is associated with the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis, which may increase the risk for future vascular events, particularly in depressed women. The underlying mechanism remains to be determined, but does not appear to be related to SSRI effects on traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
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15
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Relationships of depressive behavior and sertraline treatment with walking speed and activity in older female nonhuman primates. GeroScience 2017; 39:585-600. [PMID: 29080976 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-017-9999-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is the most common mental health problem in aging persons and is a leading risk factor for physical disability, especially in women. Though antidepressant drugs such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are commonly prescribed, epidemiological evidence reveals mixed effects of long-term antidepressant use on physical function and activity, possibly depending on depressive status. The purpose of this preclinical trial was to determine the relationships of depressive behavior and the potential for an SSRI treatment to modulate walking speed and activity patterns in older adult female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). We evaluated the effects of depression and a commonly prescribed SSRI, sertraline HCl (20 mg/kg/day p.o.), on (a) walking speed, (b) accelerometry-derived activity (counts) and sedentariness (daytime 60-s sedentary epochs), and (c) observed locomotor and sedentary behaviors (% time) in adult female depressed and nondepressed monkeys (n = 42; 17.2 ± 1.8 years) during an 18 month pre-treatment phase and an 18 month treatment phase using a longitudinal, stratified placebo-control study design. Monkeys that were depressed prior to treatment (19/42) subsequently had slower walking speeds (F D [1, 38] = 4.14; p ≤ 0.05) and tended to be more sedentary during the daytime (F D [1, 38] = 3.63; p ≤ 0.06). Sertraline did not affect depressive behaviors, walking speed, accelerometry-derived physical activity or sedentariness, or time observed in total locomotor or sedentary behavior (all p > 0.10). This study provides the first experimental demonstration of relationships between nonhuman primate behavioral depression and walking speed, activity, and sedentariness and provides evidence for a lack of an effect of SSRI treatment on these phenotypes.
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16
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Wyler SC, Lord CC, Lee S, Elmquist JK, Liu C. Serotonergic Control of Metabolic Homeostasis. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:277. [PMID: 28979187 PMCID: PMC5611374 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
New treatments are urgently needed to address the current epidemic of obesity and diabetes. Recent studies have highlighted multiple pathways whereby serotonin (5-HT) modulates energy homeostasis, leading to a renewed interest in the identification of 5-HT-based therapies for metabolic disease. This review aims to synthesize pharmacological and genetic studies that have found diverse functions of both central and peripheral 5-HT in the control of food intake, thermogenesis, and glucose and lipid metabolism. We also discuss the potential benefits of targeting the 5-HT system to combat metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Wyler
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States
| | - Caleb C Lord
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States
| | - Syann Lee
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States
| | - Joel K Elmquist
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States
| | - Chen Liu
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, United States
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17
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Shively CA, Silverstein-Metzler M, Justice J, Willard SL. The impact of treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on primate cardiovascular disease, behavior, and neuroanatomy. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 74:433-443. [PMID: 27590831 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use is ubiquitous because they are widely prescribed for a number of disorders in addition to depression. Depression increases the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Hence, treating depression with SSRIs could reduce CHD risk. However, the effects of long term antidepressant treatment on CHD risk, as well as other aspects of health, remain poorly understood. Thus, we undertook an investigation of multisystem effects of SSRI treatment with a physiologically relevant dose in middle-aged adult female cynomolgus monkeys, a primate species shown to be a useful model of both depression and coronary and carotid artery atherosclerosis. Sertraline had no effect on depressive behavior, reduced anxious behavior, increased affiliation, reduced aggression, changed serotonin neurotransmission and volumes of neural areas critical to mood disorders, and exacerbated coronary and carotid atherosclerosis. These data suggest that a conservative approach to prescribing SSRIs for cardiovascular or other disorders for long periods may be warranted, and that further study is critical given the widespread use of these medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Shively
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, United States.
| | | | - Jamie Justice
- Department of Internal Medicine - Geriatrics, J. Paul Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, United States
| | - Stephanie L Willard
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, University of Pennsylvania, United States
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