1
|
Zhu Y, Zhang W, Hu J, Luo S, Zhou Y, Tang X, Yan R, Deng X, He H. Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against pertussis toxin in the Chinese population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2341454. [PMID: 38695296 PMCID: PMC11067989 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2341454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable infectious disease; however, data on pertussis antibody levels in a nationwide population are still limited in China. We aimed to pool the seropositivity rates of IgG antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT-IgG) across the country. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database for studies published between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2023. Studies reporting the seroprevalence of PT-IgG among a healthy Chinese population were included. Pooled estimates were obtained using random-effects meta-analyzes. The meta-analysis included 39 studies (47,778 participants) reporting anti-PT IgG seropositivity rates. The pooled rate for all ages was 7.06% (95% CI, 5.50%-9.07%). Subgroup analyzes showed rates ranging from 6.36% to 12.50% across different age groups. This meta-analysis indicated a low anti-PT IgG seropositivity rate in the Chinese population, particularly among school-aged children and young adults. This finding underscores the urgent need to refine immunization strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhu
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Zhang
- Jiaxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Jiaxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, China
| | - Shuying Luo
- Department of Immunization Program, Yiwu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yiwu, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Tang
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Deng
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanqing He
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao Q, Xu D, Guan X, Jia P, Lei X. Development and validation of a diagnostic prediction model for children with pertussis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17154. [PMID: 39060316 PMCID: PMC11282082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65856-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To develop and validate a diagnostic prediction model based on blood parameters for predicting the pertussis in children. A retrospective study of 477 children with suspected pertussis at Zigong First People's Hospital was performed between January 2020 and December 2021. The patients were randomly divided into training cohort and validation cohort. Stepwise regression and R software was performed to develop and validate the model. Stepwise regression analysis showed that white blood cell (WBC), hematocrit (HCT), lymphocyte (LYMPH), C-reactive protein (CRP) and platelet distribution width to mean platelet volume ratio (PDW-MPV-R) were found to be independent factors associated with pertussis. The model containing WBC, CRP and PDW-MPV-R had the best performance. The area under curve (ROC, 0.77 for the training cohort and 0.80 for the validation cohort) of the model indicated satisfactory discriminative ability. The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 72.1% and 72.6% in training cohort and 74% and 72.1%, respectively, in validation cohort. Based on the ROC analysis, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis, we concluded that the model exhibited excellent performance. A model based on blood parameters is sufficiently accurate to predict the probability of pertussis in children, and may provide some reference for clinical decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Gao
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 8, Section 2, Kangcheng Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Die Xu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 8, Section 2, Kangcheng Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - XiaoYan Guan
- Department of Pediatrics, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Peng Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, China.
| | - XiaoPing Lei
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 8, Section 2, Kangcheng Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Y, Zhang C, Wang Y, Luo X, Liu G, Zhang Z, Shen J. Seroepidemiology of pertussis in Huzhou: A population-based, cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303508. [PMID: 38768133 PMCID: PMC11104605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The resurgence of pertussis has occurred around the world. However, the epidemiological profiles of pertussis cannot be well understood by current diseases surveillance. This study was designed to understand the seroepidemiological characteristics of pertussis infection in the general population of Huzhou City, evaluate the prevalence infection of pertussis in the population, and offer insights to inform adjustments in pertussis prevention and control strategies. METHODS From September to October 2023, a cross-sectional serosurvey was conducted in Huzhou City, involving 1015 permanent residents. Serum samples were collected from the study subjects, and pertussis toxin IgG antibodies (Anti-PT-IgG) were quantitatively measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The analysis included the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of Anti-PT-IgG, rates of GMC≥40IU/mL, ≥100IU/mL, and <5IU/mL. Stratified comparisons were made based on age, vaccination history, and human categories. RESULTS Among the 1015 surveyed individuals, the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of Anti-PT-IgG was 10.52 (95% CI: 9.96-11.11) IU/mL, with a recent infection rate of 1.58%, a serum positivity rate of 11.43%, and a proportion with <5IU/mL of 40.49%. Among 357 children with clear vaccination history, susceptibility decreased with an increasing number of vaccine doses (Z = -6.793, P < 0.001). The concentration of Anti-PT-IgG exhibited a significant post-vaccination decline over time (Z = -5.143, P < 0.001). In women of childbearing age, the GMC of Anti-PT-IgG was 7.71 (95% CI: 6.90-8.62) IU/mL, with no significant difference in susceptibility among different age groups (χ2 = 0.545, P = 0.909). The annual pertussis infection rate in individuals aged ≥3 years was 9321 (95%CI: 3336-16039) per 100,000, with peak infection rates in the 20-29, 40-49, and 5-9 age groups at 34363 (95%CI: 6327-66918) per 100,000, 22307.72 (95%CI: 1380-47442) per 100,000, and 18020(95%CI: 1093-37266) per 100,000, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In 2023, the actual pertussis infection rate in the population of Huzhou City was relatively high. Vaccine-induced antibodies exhibit a rapid decay, and the estimated serum infection rate increases rapidly from post-school age, peaking in the 20-29 age group. It is recommended to enhance pertussis monitoring in adolescents and adults and refine vaccine immunization strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, China
| | - Yuda Wang
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, China
| | - Xiaofu Luo
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, China
| | - Guangtao Liu
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, China
| | - Zizhe Zhang
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Shen
- Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Q, Wang W, Shi X, Xu Y, Zhu Y, Wu Y, Wang Z, Sun H, Sun X. Seroepidemiology of pertussis in the east of China: Estimates of incidence of infection in adolescents and adults pre- and post-COVID-19. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1054617. [PMID: 36530663 PMCID: PMC9754053 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1054617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The dramatic decrease in the number of reported cases of pertussis during COVID-19 pandemic has been underestimated. The objective was to compare the estimated incidence rate of pertussis in populations pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic by analyzing the anti-pertussis toxin (anti-PT) IgG and anti-filamentous hemagglutininant (anti-FHA) IgG antibodies in healthy Chinese population from 2018 to 2021. Methods All serum samples (N = 1,000) were collected from healthy population (aged ≥ 15 years) who attended an annual monitoring project of antibody levels in Jiangsu province in 2018-2021 were measured by ELISA. Results The positive rates of anti-PT IgG and anti-FHA IgG antibodies were 11.4% (114/1,000) and 20.2% (202/1,000) (≥40 IU/ml), the GMC were 17.25 (95% CI: 15.49-19.03) IU/mL and 24.94 (95% CI: 22.73-27.16) IU/mL in the study population, respectively. The percentage of participants with anti-PT IgG antibodies higher than 40 IU/mL was 5.20% (11/212) in 2018, 5.5% (19/348) in 2019, 21.2% (46/217) in 2020 and 17.0% (38/223) in 2021, respectively. The non-detectable rate (<5 IU/mL) of anti-PT IgG antibodies was 16.9, 17.7, 28.1, and 37.3% in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. We assumed that the infection occurred within 58.6 days, and based on the overall proportion (2.9%) of individuals with anti-PT IgG antibody ≥100 IU/ml, the incidence rate (/100) was estimated by the formula to be 18.08 (95% CI: 12.40-26.11). In addition, the estimated incidence of Post-COVID-19 was higher than that of Pre-COVID-19 (36.33/100 vs. 12.84/100), and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our results suggest a high rate of under-reporting of pertussis in Jiangsu Province both pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic, and there are a large number of adults of childbearing age who are susceptible to pertussis. It seems imperative that vaccination of adolescents and adults should be considered for inclusion in vaccination programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Xiuyun Shi
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Siyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suqian, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhong Zhu
- School of Health Policy and Management, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Medical Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang C, Hu W, Wang R, Wang Y, Li Y, Lv Y, Li W, Si Y, Zhang S. Seroepidemiology of pertussis and diphtheria among healthy adults in Shaanxi Province, northwest China: A large - scale cross-sectional study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2133913. [PMID: 36255248 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2133913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the estimated pertussis incidence in adults and the need for a booster dose by detecting pertussis and diphtheria antibody levels in adults in Shaanxi province, China. Blood samples were collected from healthy individuals aged 18-59 years in Shaanxi province in 2017. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT) and diphtheria toxin (DT) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data on reported pertussis cases in Shaanxi province were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and compared with the results of this study. A total of 4307 subjects were enrolled. The mean concentration of anti-PT IgG was 19.6 IU/mL (95% CI = 18.9-20.3), and the positive rate (≥40 IU/mL) was 11.0% (474/4307), of which recent infections (≥100 IU/mL) accounted for 1.2% (53/4307). Only one adult case of pertussis was reported in 2017, which is much lower than the results of this study. The mean concentration of anti-DT IgG was 0.04 IU/mL (95% CI = 0.04-0.05), and the positive rate (≥0.01 IU/mL) was 82.3% (3543/4307). The mean concentration of anti-DT IgG decreased from 0.07 IU/mL in the 18-29 year-old group to 0.03 IU/mL in the 50-59 year-old-group, and the positivity rate decreased from 86.7% to 78.7%. Our study suggests that pertussis is not uncommon among adults. The existing surveillance system might have underestimated the true incidence of pertussis. The diphtheria antibody levels decreased with age. Booster vaccination against pertussis should be considered for adolescents and young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weijun Hu
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruize Wang
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yake Lv
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weixuan Li
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Si
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaobai Zhang
- Department of Immunization Program, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The decline in immunity and circulation of pertussis among Chinese population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study. Vaccine 2022; 40:6956-6962. [PMID: 36283895 PMCID: PMC9581792 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the resurgence of pertussis has posed a public health challenge in many countries. This study aimed to evaluate the immunity levels against pertussis among populations of different ages in China. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional serological survey in Zhejiang Province, China in 2020. Serum IgG antibodies against pertussis toxin (anti-PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (anti-FHA), and pertactin (anti-PRN) were quantitatively measured. The geometric mean concentration (GMC) of three antibodies was calculated. An anti-PT level < 5 IU/mL was considered undetectable, ≥20 IU/mL as seropositive and ≥80 IU/mL as an indicator of recent infection. Mathematical models were fitted for anti-PT concentrations over time in children after four doses of the pertussis vaccination. RESULTS A total of 4459 participants aged 0-59 years were included in the analyses. The overall positivity rate of anti-PT was 29.80% with the highest (81.44%) rate in the 1-2 years old and the lowest (4.72%) in 10-14 years old. The GMCs of anti-PT, anti-FHA and anti-PRN for the whole participants were 9.67 (95%CI: 9.25-10.10),18.93 (18.24-19.67), and 8.99 (8.61-9.38) IU/mL, respectively. Over 50% of subjects aged ≥ 7 years had undetectable anti-PT IgG antibodies (<5IU/mL). The proportions of the populations with anti-PT IgG ≥ 80 IU/mL were approximately 0.9%, 0.3% and 1.1% among the 10-14, 15-29, and 40-59 years old groups, respectively. The power regression equation of the attenuation model after last dose of pertussis vaccine was y = 41.088x-1.238 (R2 = 0.935, p < 0.001). The fitted anti-PT concentrations was only 5.60 IU/mL at 5 years following the last vaccination dose. CONCLUSION The prevalence of pertussis decreased during the study period in the COVID-19 pandemic; however, there was still a certain proportion of adolescents and adults with evidence of recent infection. The decline in antibody levels after pertussis vaccination was observed, and booster doses are in urgent need in China.
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen Z, Pang J, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Chen N, Zhang N, He Q. Seroprevalence of Pertussis in Adults at Childbearing Age Pre- and Post- COVID-19 in Beijing, China. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060872. [PMID: 35746480 PMCID: PMC9227865 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of reported pertussis cases has significantly decreased during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic under the influence of strict public health measures in many countries including China. This study evaluated the prevalence of serum anti-pertussis toxin (anti-PT) IgG antibodies in adults at childbearing age pre- and post- COVID-19 in Beijing, China. Altogether, 2021 serum samples collected from individuals aged 20 to 39 years who attended an annual health examination at the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, in 2018~2020 were measured by ELISA. The median concentration of anti-PT IgG antibodies among participants in 2020 (2.96 IU/mL) was significantly lower than that in 2018 (3.27 IU/mL) (p = 0.011) and in 2019 (3.24 IU/mL) (p = 0.014). The percentage of participants with anti-PT IgG antibodies higher than 40 IU/mL (indicating a pertussis infection within the past few years) was 1.79% (9/503) in 2018, 2.04% (15/735) in 2019 and 1.66% (13/783) in 2020, respectively. The corresponding numbers of the non-detectable (<5 IU/mL) rate of anti-PT IgG antibodies were 66.60%, 65.99% and 70.24%. Our results showed that there was a significant difference between true and reported incidence rates even during the COVID-19 pandemic. The proportion of adults at childbearing age without pertussis-specific antibodies is high, suggesting that booster vaccinations in adults should be considered in this country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.C.); (N.Z.)
| | - Jie Pang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.C.); (N.Z.)
| | - Yuxiao Zhang
- Medical Research & Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China;
| | - Yiwei Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China;
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.C.); (N.Z.)
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.C.); (N.Z.)
| | - Qiushui He
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.C.); (N.Z.)
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Infections and Immunity, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-50-472-2255
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen Z, Pang J, Zhang N, Chen N, Ding Y, He Q. Seroprevalence Study of Pertussis in Adults at Childbearing Age and Young Infants Reveals the Necessity of Booster Immunizations in Adults in China. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10010084. [PMID: 35062745 PMCID: PMC8779665 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In China, the vaccination strategy against pertussis is started from 3 months of age, with no booster dose used after the booster given at two years. Despite a high vaccination coverage, pertussis has been increasingly reported since the last decade. This study evaluates the prevalence of serum anti-pertussis toxin (PT) IgG antibodies in adults at childbearing age and infants before the age of primary immunization in Beijing, China. A total of 1175 serum samples randomly selected from individuals who attended an annual health examination at the Sixth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, in 2019, was included. The geometric mean concentration (GMC) and median concentration of anti-PT IgG antibodies among adults aged 20–39 years were 3.81 IU/mL and 3.24 IU/mL, and the corresponding concentrations were 1.72 IU/mL and 1.43 IU/mL among infants under 3 months of age. The seroprevalence of PT IgG antibodies ≥ 40 IU/mL in adults and infants was 2.0% (15/735) and 1.1% (5/440). In total, 65.99% (485/735) of adults and 83.41% (367/440) of infants had non-detectable pertussis-specific antibodies (<5 IU/mL). Our results showed that the majority of adults at a reproductive age and young infants are vulnerable to pertussis, suggesting that booster vaccinations in adults should be considered in this country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.Z.); (N.C.); (Y.D.)
| | - Jie Pang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.Z.); (N.C.); (Y.D.)
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.Z.); (N.C.); (Y.D.)
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.Z.); (N.C.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yiwei Ding
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.Z.); (N.C.); (Y.D.)
- The Sixth Medical Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General l Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qiushui He
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Z.C.); (J.P.); (N.Z.); (N.C.); (Y.D.)
- Research Center for Infections and Immunity, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-50-472-2255
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu D, Cheng X, Wei S, Yuan L, Chen C, Yao K. Decline of serologic immunity to diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis with age suggested a full life vaccination in mainland China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:1757-1762. [PMID: 33517831 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1840253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine has already been involved in national vaccination program for several decades in China. The immunity against these diseases in the people of all ages is not well investigated.Materials and methods: Serum samples were tested for IgG antibodies to diphtheria toxoid (DT), tetanus toxoid (TT) and pertussis toxin (PT) by using commercial ELISA kits.Results: A total of 666 sera of patients from 1 day to 89 years of age was collected from 2018 to 2019. The protective rates of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis were 45.5%, 54.4% and 4.7%, respectively. Only 4.7% of the study population had seropositivity against three of the diseases. Young infant (<3 m) and adult (>18y) were generally lack of protective antibody against diphtheria (81.7% and 58.3%) and tetanus (91.5% and 86.2%). An obvious increase in immunity level of diphtheria and tetanus was observed at 3 m-3y, but there was no significant increase of immunity to pertussis at any age group. All age groups showed low immunity to pertussis.Conclusions: The present results revealed the susceptibility to diphtheria and tetanus in young infants and adults, and the susceptibility to pertussis over the ages, which highlight the need to improve the current vaccination program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Cheng
- Clinical Laboratory, Youyang County People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | | | - Changhui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Youyang County People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaihu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Macina D, Evans KE. Bordetella pertussis in School-Age Children, Adolescents, and Adults: A Systematic Review of Epidemiology, Burden, and Mortality in Asia. Infect Dis Ther 2021; 10:1115-1140. [PMID: 33928533 PMCID: PMC8322225 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-021-00439-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic epidemics of pertussis (whooping cough) have been observed globally over the past twenty years despite high infant vaccine coverage. The resurgence of pertussis in high-income countries is partly due to waning vaccine immunity in older children and adults, as well as better surveillance and diagnostics. Moreover, in adolescents and adults, pertussis symptoms are mild and similar to common cough syndromes, meaning that it is under-diagnosed in older populations. A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and BIOSIS was undertaken to identify studies published between 1 January 1990 and 17 June 2019, with information on pertussis epidemiology, burden of illness, and mortality in school-aged children, adolescents, and adults in Asia. Studies identified for inclusion were reviewed narratively because a statistical comparison was not possible due to the mix of methodologies used. The results showed that in East Asia, including Japan, South Korea, China, and Taiwan, pertussis is circulating in older children and adults. Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP4) coverage is high in East Asia, yet outbreaks observed in Japan and South Korea suggest that vaccine-acquired immunity had waned in adolescents and adults. Several school outbreaks in China show that pertussis is circulating in young children, with continued circulation in adolescents and adults. There was a lack of information from Southeast/South Asian countries, although pan-Asian serosurveys showed that recent pertussis infection was common in adolescents and in adults with persistent cough. To conclude, the circulation of pertussis in Asian countries with high DTP4 coverage supports the expansion of routine vaccination to include booster doses for children at school entry and adolescents. However, surveillance is weak or absent in many countries, meaning that the true burden of pertussis, particularly among older populations, is unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Macina
- Global Medical, Sanofi Pasteur, 14 Espace Henry Vallée, 69007, Lyon, France.
| | - Keith E Evans
- InScience Communications, Chowley Oak Business Park, Chowley Oak Lane, Tattenhall, Cheshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Y, Xu C, Ren J, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang L, Yao S. The long-term effects of meteorological parameters on pertussis infections in Chongqing, China, 2004-2018. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17235. [PMID: 33057239 PMCID: PMC7560825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence on the long-term influence of climatic variables on pertussis is limited. This study aims to explore the long-term quantitative relationship between weather variability and pertussis. Data on the monthly number of pertussis cases and weather parameters in Chongqing in the period of 2004-2018 were collected. Then, we used a negative binomial multivariable regression model and cointegration testing to examine the association of variations in monthly meteorological parameters and pertussis. Descriptive statistics exhibited that the pertussis incidence rose from 0.251 per 100,000 people in 2004 to 3.661 per 100,000 persons in 2018, and pertussis was a seasonal illness, peaked in spring and summer. The results from the regression model that allowed for the long-term trends, seasonality, autoregression, and delayed effects after correcting for overdispersion showed that a 1 hPa increment in the delayed one-month air pressure contributed to a 3.559% (95% CI 0.746-6.293%) reduction in the monthly number of pertussis cases; a 10 mm increment in the monthly aggregate precipitation, a 1 °C increment in the monthly average temperature, and a 1 m/s increment in the monthly average wind velocity resulted in 3.641% (95% CI 0.960-6.330%), 19.496% (95% CI 2.368-39.490%), and 3.812 (95% CI 1.243-11.690)-fold increases in the monthly number of pertussis cases, respectively. The roles of the mentioned weather parameters in the transmission of pertussis were also evidenced by a sensitivity analysis. The cointegration testing suggested a significant value among variables. Climatic factors, particularly monthly temperature, precipitation, air pressure, and wind velocity, play a role in the transmission of pertussis. This finding will be of great help in understanding the epidemic trends of pertussis in the future, and weather variability should be taken into account in the prevention and control of pertussis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunjie Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingchao Ren
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingzheng Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Meng Q, Qian Q, Li L, Liu D, Gao W, Yuan L, Yao K. The maternal antibody against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis showed distinct regional difference in China. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:480. [PMID: 31810436 PMCID: PMC6898916 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1860-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Passive transferred antibodies to the fetus play an essential role on protecting neonates and young infants until infant vaccination is more efficacious. However, very little is known about the discrepancy of DTP vaccine associated antibodies level in neonates from different economic areas in China. Methods In 2018, 200 neonates hospitalized in Shunyi Women and Children’s Hospital in Beijing, and 238 neonates hospitalized in Qianjiang Central Hospital located in the southwestern mountainous areas were included in this study. Antibodies specific for the antigens covered by DTP vaccine were determined using ELISA Kits (Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany). The cut off value of ≥0.1 IU/ml (anti-diphtheria, anti-Dtx), > 0.1 IU/ml (anti-tetanus, anti-Ttx) and > 40 IU/ml (anti-pertussis toxin, anti-Ptx) were used to assess the percentage of protected neonates, respectively. Results The antibody levels in the neonates from Qianjiang (0.04 IU/ml for anti-Dtx IgG and 0.07 IU/ml for anti-Ttx IgG) were significantly lower than those from Shunyi (0.12 IU/ml for anti-Dtx IgG and 0.18 IU/ml for anti-Ttx IgG). The prevalence of protective anti-Dtx and anti-Ttx IgG were lower in the neonates from Qianjiang (7.1% for anti-Dtx IgG and 7.6% for anti-Ttx IgG) than in those from Shunyi (30.5% for anti-Dtx and 38.5% for anti-Ttx). The neonates from Qianjiang also had lower detectable rate of anti-Dtx (57.5%) and anti-Ttx IgG (55.8%) than neonates from Shunyi (97.5% for anti-Dtx and 71.0% for anti-Ttx). However, the detectable rate of anti-Ptx IgG in neonates from Qianjiang (39.9%) was higher significantly than in those from Shunyi (30.5%). Two neonates from Qianjiang have anti-PT IgG ≥100.0 IU/ml, which suggested that their mothers have a recent pertussis course. Conclusions The regional discrepancy of the protective antibody rates might be caused by different vaccine coverage and pertussis exposure, which suggested the importance of Tdap booster immunization for pregnant women or women at childbearing age, those living undeveloped areas in particular.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Qinghui Qian
- Department of Pediatrics, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Chongqing, 409000, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Neonatology, Shunyi Women and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, 101320, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Kaihu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Petráš M, Oleár V, Molitorisová M, Dáňová J, Čelko AM, Nováková E, Štefkovičová M, Krištúfková Z, Malinová J, Králová Lesná I. Factors Influencing Persistence of Diphtheria Immunity and Immune Response to a Booster Dose in Healthy Slovak Adults. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7040139. [PMID: 31591336 PMCID: PMC6963617 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7040139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the long-term persistence of humoral immunity against diphtheria in adults with childhood vaccination and the immunogenicity of a booster dose considering demographic, behavioural and vaccinating factors. We conducted a trial in 200 healthy Slovak adults aged 24–65 years, immunised against diphtheria in childhood and against tetanus at regular 10–15 year intervals, and receiving a dose of a tetanus-diphtheria toxoid vaccine. The response was determined by ELISA antibody concentrations of paired sera before and at 4 weeks post-vaccination. A seroprotection rate of 21% (95% confidence interval, CI 15.6–27.3%) was found in adults up to 59 years since the last vaccination with seroprotective levels of antibodies against diphtheria ≥0.1 IU/mL and a geometric mean concentration of 0.05 IU/mL. Conversely, seropositive levels ≥0.01 IU/mL were observed in 98% of adults (95% CI 95–99.5%). Booster-induced seroprotection was achieved in 78% of adults (95% CI 71.6–83.5%) clearly depending on pre-booster antibody levels correlating with age and time since the last vaccination. Moreover, only 54.2% of smokers and 53.3% of patients on statins exhibited seroprotection. Booster vaccination against diphtheria was unable to confer seroprotection in all recipients of only childhood vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Petráš
- Preventive Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.D.); (A.M.Č.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-774-738-727
| | - Vladimir Oleár
- Faculty of Healthcare, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; (V.O.); (M.Š.)
| | - Milica Molitorisová
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Jana Dáňová
- Preventive Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.D.); (A.M.Č.)
| | - Alexander M. Čelko
- Preventive Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.D.); (A.M.Č.)
| | - Elena Nováková
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Mária Štefkovičová
- Faculty of Healthcare, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; (V.O.); (M.Š.)
| | - Zuzana Krištúfková
- Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Jana Malinová
- Preventive Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.D.); (A.M.Č.)
| | - Ivana Králová Lesná
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu Z, Liu S, Shu Y, Yang Z, Peng B, Xu H, Li Q, Luo Z, Dai J, Liu E, Fu Z, Zou L. Severe Bordetella pertussis infection and vaccine issue in Chongqing, from 2012 to 2018. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 84:102-108. [PMID: 31100420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory illness mainly caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Bordetella pertussis. The infection of B. pertussis has been increasing and the current diagnosis of pertussis in children is challenging; little is known of B. pertussis infection in Chongqing. METHODS There were 25,441 children (14,863 male and 10,578 female) with suspected pertussis enrolled in our retrospective study from December 2012 to November 2018. Then 800 children with suspected B. pertussis infection were randomly chosen to be evaluated by simultaneous amplification and testing in this prospective study. RESULTS Infants younger than 12 months had the greatest burden of pertussis, and the incidence of pertussis in Chongqing appeared to have a periodic pattern. The problem of vaccine quality in China was more serious than previously reported based on the fluctuation of infection rates from 2012 to 2018. Simultaneous amplification and testing to detect B. pertussis RNA (Area Under Curve: 0.900 and Kappa value: 0.831) had better diagnostic performance than real-time PCR for B. pertussis DNA (Area Under Curve: 0.869 and Kappa value: 0.690). CONCLUSIONS We revealed the characteristics of B. pertussis infection and vaccine issues in Chongqing. Simultaneous amplification and testing could be a potential novel assay for measuring B. pertussis infection in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhidai Liu
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Shu
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuqun Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qubei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengxiu Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jihong Dai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Enmei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Y, Chen Z, Zhao J, Zhang N, Chen N, Zhang J, Li S, He Q. Increased susceptibility to pertussis in adults at childbearing age as determined by comparative seroprevalence study, China 2010-2016. J Infect 2019; 79:1-6. [PMID: 31009653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was aimed to determine pertussis specific serum PT-IgG antibodies in healthy individuals during 2010 and 2015/2016 in Beijing, China. METHODS A total of 3884 healthy individuals were included: 3058 aged 3-69 years randomly selected from an epidemiological survey conducted in 2010, and 826 aged 20-39 years selected from those who attended an annual medical examination in 2015/2016. Serum PT-IgG antibodies were determined using the Serion/Virion ELISA kits. RESULTS Of 3058 subjects in 2010, 167 (5.5%) and 39 (1.3%) subjects had PT-IgG antibodies ≥40 IU/ml and ≥100 IU/ml, respectively. No differences were observed among different age groups. Altogether, 26.2% had undetectable PT-IgG antibodies (<5 IU/ml), and the highest undetectable rate of 56.8% was found in children aged 3-5 years. When the age group of 20-39 years was compared between the two periods, no difference was found in seroprevalence of PT-IgG antibodies ≥ 40 IU/ml (5.1% vs. 4.0%). However, an undetectable rate of PT-IgG antibodies was significantly higher in 2015/2016 than that in 2010 (57.4% vs. 29.1%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that about 5% of individuals had PT-IgG antibodies indicative of a recent infection, and adults at childbearing age have an increased risk to pertussis in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhong Zhao
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuming Li
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Qiushui He
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fu P, Wang C, Tian H, Kang Z, Zeng M. Bordetella pertussis Infection in Infants and Young Children in Shanghai, China, 2016-2017: Clinical Features, Genotype Variations of Antigenic Genes and Macrolides Resistance. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019; 38:370-376. [PMID: 30882726 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global resurgence of pertussis in countries with high vaccination coverage has been a concern of public health. METHODS Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for Bordetella pertussis culture from children with suspected pertussis. Clinical and vaccination information were reviewed through electronic medical chart and immunization record. Antibiotics susceptibility was evaluated using E-test for erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The MLST genotypes and 7 antigenic genes (ptxP, ptxA, ptxC, Prn, fim3, fim2 and tcfA) of Bordetella pertussis were identified by polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing. RESULTS During January 2016 to September 2017, a total of 141 children 1-48 months of age were culture-confirmed with pertussis, of whom 98 (69.5%) were younger than 6 months, 25 (17.7%) had completed at least 3 doses of DTaP and 75 (53.2%) had a clear exposure to household members with persistent cough. Fully vaccinated cases manifested milder disease than unvaccinated and not-fully vaccinated cases. All strains were MLST2. High-virulent strains characteristic of ptxP3/prn2/ptxC2 constituted 41.1% (58/141) and were all susceptible to macrolides while low-virulent strains characteristic of ptxP1/prn1/ptxC1 constituted 58.9% (83/141) and 97.6% (81/83), respectively, were highly resistant to macrolides. CONCLUSIONS Pertussis is resurging among infants and young children in Shanghai, and household transmission is the main exposure pathway. The high-virulent strains harboring ptxP3/prn2/ptxC2 and the macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis strains are quite prevalent. These issues impose a public health concern in Shanghai. Our findings are important to modify the DTaP vaccination strategy and the management guideline of pertussis in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Fu
- From the Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanqing Wang
- From the Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Control, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Tian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pertussis in Low and Medium Income Countries: A Pragmatic Approach. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1183:137-149. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
18
|
Time series modeling of pertussis incidence in China from 2004 to 2018 with a novel wavelet based SARIMA-NAR hybrid model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208404. [PMID: 30586416 PMCID: PMC6306235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is a daunting task to discontinue pertussis completely in China owing to its growing increase in the incidence. While basic to any formulation of prevention and control measures is early response for future epidemic trends. Discrete wavelet transform(DWT) has been emerged as a powerful tool in decomposing time series into different constituents, which facilitates better improvement in prediction accuracy. Thus we aim to integrate modeling approaches as a decision-making supportive tool for formulating health resources. METHODS We constructed a novel hybrid method based on the pertussis morbidity cases from January 2004 to May 2018 in China, where the approximations and details decomposed by DWT were forecasted by a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and nonlinear autoregressive network (NAR), respectively. Then, the obtained values were aggregated as the final results predicted by the combined model. Finally, the performance was compared with the SARIMA, NAR and traditional SARIMA-NAR techniques. RESULTS The hybrid technique at level 2 of db2 wavelet including a SARIMA(0,1,3)(1,0,0)12modelfor the approximation-forecasting and NAR model with 12 hidden units and 4 delays for the detail d1-forecasting, along with another NAR model with 11 hidden units and 5 delays for the detail d2-forecasting notably outperformed other wavelets, SARIMA, NAR and traditional SARIMA-NAR techniques in terms of the mean square error, root mean square error, mean absolute error and mean absolute percentage error. Descriptive statistics exhibited that a substantial rise was observed in the notifications from 2013 to 2018, and there was an apparent seasonality with summer peak. Moreover, the trend was projected to continue upwards in the near future. CONCLUSIONS This hybrid approach has an outstanding ability to improve the prediction accuracy relative to the others, which can be of great help in the prevention of pertussis. Besides, under current trend of pertussis morbidity, it is required to urgently address strategically within the proper policy adopted.
Collapse
|
19
|
Meng Q, Li L, Shi W, Wang Q, Ding M, Liu Y, Ma X, Yao K. Seroprevalence of diphtheria and pertussis immunoglobulin G among children with pneumonia in Ji'nan, China. BMC Pediatr 2018; 18:383. [PMID: 30518371 PMCID: PMC6282317 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-018-1337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is still one of the most important methods to control and prevent childhood infections including diphtheria and pertussis. This study evaluated the level of diphtheria (DT) and pertussis (PT)-related antibodies among children with pneumonia in Ji'nan, China. METHODS A total of 484 sera of children from 1 day to 13 years of age were collected from 2014 to 2015 in Ji'nan. Children with recent history of pertussis were excluded from this study. Anti-DT and PT IgG concentrations were measured by ELISA (Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany). RESULTS Of the 484 subjects tested, the overall positivity rate of anti-DT IgG (≥0.1 IU/ml) was 48.97%, and the highest positivity rate of anti-DT IgG (68.55%) and proportion with long term protection (23.27%) were observed in children aged 6 m- < 3 y. For anti-PT IgG, 334 subjects (69.01%) had anti-PT IgG levels below the lower limit of detection (5 IU/ml). Even with detectable anti-PT antibodies, the majority (115/150, 76.67%) of them had antibody levels of 5- < 40 IU/ml. The highest proportion of subjects with detectable anti-PT IgG (≥5 IU/ml) was observed in children aged < 6 m (44.36%), then the proportion continually decreased to 15.0% at 3 y- < 6 y (χ2 = 24.05, p < 0.0001). The highest positivity rate (≥40 IU/ml) was only 8.27% in children aged < 6 m. Subjects with an anti-PT IgG ≥100 IU/ml were observed in all the groups and there were no significant differences in the proportions of subjects with a level ≥ 100 IU/ml among these age groups (χ2 = 2.572, p = 0.4624). A total of 5 subjects had anti-PT IgG ≥100 IU/ml (≥1 years post pertussis vaccination) which was considered to be indicative of a recent pertussis infection. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated low antibody levels and protection against pertussis in our study population. The anti-PT IgG maintained a low level throughout all age groups, and even no immune responses were observed after the basic immunization and booster. Our study supported the need to reevaluate the immune response of DTP vaccine which was used in Shandong province after 2010.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghong Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Lijun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Wei Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Qing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Mingjie Ding
- Respiratory department, Qilu Children’s Hospital, Shandong University, Ji’nan, 250022 China
| | - Yanqin Liu
- Respiratory department, Qilu Children’s Hospital, Shandong University, Ji’nan, 250022 China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Respiratory department, Qilu Children’s Hospital, Shandong University, Ji’nan, 250022 China
| | - Kaihu Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, 100045 China
| |
Collapse
|