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Al-Horani RA, Aliter KF. Triple Action of Lignosulfonic Acid Sodium: Anti-protease, Antioxidant, and Anti-inflammatory Effects of a Polymeric Heparin Mimetic. Med Chem 2024; 20:414-421. [PMID: 38192144 PMCID: PMC11228124 DOI: 10.2174/0115734064275120231222111145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heparins are sulfated glycosaminoglycans that are used as anticoagulants to treat thrombosis. Heparins exhibit other potential therapeutic effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-malarial effects. However, the strong anticoagulant activity of heparins poses a risk of life-threatening bleeding, limiting their therapeutic use for other diseases beyond thrombosis. To exploit the other effects of heparins and eliminate the bleeding risk, we explored an alternative polymer called lignosulfonic acid sodium (LSAS), which acts as a sulfonated heparin mimetic. LSAS targets factor XIa to exert an anticoagulant effect, and thus, unlike heparins, it is unlikely to cause bleeding. METHODS This study investigated the multiple effects of LSAS to identify potential leads for complex pathologies treatment. A series of chromogenic substrate hydrolysis assays were used to evaluate the inhibition of three inflammation-related proteases by LSAS. Its chemical antioxidant activity against the system of ABTS/hydrogen peroxide/metmyoglobin was also determined. Lastly, the effect of LSAS on TNFα-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway in HEK-293 cells was also tested to determine its cellular anti-inflammatory activity. RESULTS The results showed that LSAS effectively inhibited human neutrophil elastase, cathepsin G, and plasmin, with IC50 values ranging from 0.73 to 212.5 μg/mL. Additionally, LSAS demonstrated a significant chemical antioxidant effect, with an IC50 value of 44.1 μg/mL. Furthermore, at a concentration of approximately 530 μg/mL, LSAS inhibited the TNFα-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway in HEK-293 cells, indicating a substantial anti-inflammatory effect. An essential advantage of LSAS is its high water solubility and virtual non-toxicity, making it a safe and readily available polymer. CONCLUSION Based on these findings, LSAS is put forward as a polymeric heparin mimetic with multiple functions, serving as a potential platform for developing novel therapeutics to treat complex pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami A Al-Horani
- Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Kholoud F Aliter
- Department of Chemistry, School of STEM, Dillard University, New Orleans, LA, 70122, USA
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Ivanova D, Nikolova G, Karamalakova Y, Semkova S, Marutsova V, Yaneva Z. Water-Soluble Alkali Lignin as a Natural Radical Scavenger and Anticancer Alternative. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12705. [PMID: 37628882 PMCID: PMC10454704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Several phytochemicals, which display antioxidant activity and inhibit cancer cell phenotypes, could be used for cancer treatment and prevention. Lignin, as a part of plant biomass, is the second most abundant natural biopolymer worldwide, and represents approximately 30% of the total organic carbon content of the biosphere. Historically, lignin-based products have been viewed as waste materials of limited industrial usefulness, but modern technologies highlight the applicability of lignin in a variety of industrial branches, including biomedicine. The aims of our preliminary study were to compare the antioxidant properties of water-soluble alkali lignin solutions, before and after UV-B irradiation, as well as to clarify their effect on colon cancer cell viability (Colon 26), applied at low (tolerable) concentrations. The results showed a high antioxidant capacity of lignin solutions, compared to a water-soluble control antioxidant standard (Trolox) and remarkable radical scavenging activity was observed after their UV-B irradiation. Diminishment of cell viability as well as inhibition of the proliferative activity of the colon cancer cell line with an increase in alkali lignin concentrations were observed. Our results confirmed that, due to its biodegradable and biocompatible nature, lignin could be a potential agent for cancer therapy, especially in nanomedicine as a drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donika Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Student Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 “Armeyska” St., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (G.N.); (Y.K.)
| | - Galina Nikolova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 “Armeyska” St., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (G.N.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yanka Karamalakova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 “Armeyska” St., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (G.N.); (Y.K.)
| | - Severina Semkova
- Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1040 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Vania Marutsova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Student Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| | - Zvezdelina Yaneva
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Student Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
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Selig M, Walz K, Lauer JC, Rolauffs B, Hart ML. Therapeutic Modulation of Cell Morphology and Phenotype of Diseased Human Cells towards a Healthier Cell State Using Lignin. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3041. [PMID: 37514430 PMCID: PMC10385073 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite lignin's global abundance and its use in biomedical studies, our understanding of how lignin regulates disease through modulation of cell morphology and associated phenotype of human cells is unknown. We combined an automated high-throughput image cell segmentation technique for quantitatively measuring a panel of cell shape descriptors, droplet digital Polymerase Chain Reaction for absolute quantification of gene expression and multivariate data analyses to determine whether lignin could therapeutically modulate the cell morphology and phenotype of inflamed, degenerating diseased human cells (osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes) towards a healthier cell morphology and phenotype. Lignin dose-dependently modified all aspects of cell morphology and ameliorated the diseased shape of OA chondrocytes by inducing a less fibroblastic healthier cell shape, which correlated with the downregulation of collagen 1A2 (COL1A2, a major fibrosis-inducing gene), upregulation of collagen 2A1 (COL2A1, a healthy extracellular matrix-inducing gene) and downregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6, a chronic inflammatory cytokine). This is the first study to show that lignin can therapeutically target cell morphology and change a diseased cells' function towards a healthier cell shape and phenotype. This opens up novel opportunities for exploiting lignin in modulation of disease, tissue degeneration, fibrosis, inflammation and regenerative medical implants for therapeutically targeting cell function and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Selig
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Walz
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin C Lauer
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie L Hart
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
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Abraham B, Syamnath VL, Arun KB, Fathima Zahra PM, Anjusha P, Kothakotta A, Chen YH, Ponnusamy VK, Nisha P. Lignin-based nanomaterials for food and pharmaceutical applications: Recent trends and future outlook. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163316. [PMID: 37028661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Small particles of size ranging from 1 to 100 nm are referred to as nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have tremendous applications in various sectors, including the areas of food and pharmaceutics. They are being prepared from multiple natural sources widely. Lignin is one such source that deserves special mention due to its ecological compatibility, accessibility, abundance, and low cost. This amorphous heterogeneous phenolic polymer is the second most abundant molecule in nature after cellulose. Apart from being used as a biofuel source, lignin is less explored for its potential at a nano-level. In plants, lignin exhibits cross-linking structures with cellulose and hemicellulose. Numerous advancements have taken place in synthesizing nanolignins for manufacturing lignin-based materials to benefit from the untapped potential of lignin in high-value-added applications. Lignin and lignin-based nanoparticles have numerous applications, but in this review, we are mainly focusing on the applications in the food and pharmaceutical sectors. The exercise we undertake has great relevance as it helps scientists and industries gain valuable insights into lignin's capabilities and exploit its physical and chemical properties to facilitate the development of future lignin-based materials. We have summarized the available lignin resources and their potential in the food and pharmaceutical industries at various levels. This review attempts to understand various methods adopted for the preparation of nanolignin. Furthermore, the unique properties of nano-lignin-based materials and their applications in fields including the packaging industry, emulsions, nutrient delivery, drug delivery hydrogels, tissue engineering, and biomedical applications were well-discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billu Abraham
- Agro Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Trivandrum 695019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - V L Syamnath
- Agro Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - K B Arun
- Department of Life Sciences, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore 29, India
| | - P M Fathima Zahra
- College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, India
| | - P Anjusha
- College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala Agricultural University, India
| | - Anjhinaeyulu Kothakotta
- Agro Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Trivandrum 695019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Yi-Hsun Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University (NSYSU), Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology (NKUST), Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan.
| | - P Nisha
- Agro Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Trivandrum 695019, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Characterization and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Safety Screening of Fractionated Organosolv Lignin on Diverse Primary Human Cell Types Commonly Used in Tissue Engineering. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050696. [PMID: 35625424 PMCID: PMC9139013 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary As global efforts to use eco-friendly and reusable materials increase, the use of lignin from waste biomass will continue to intensify. Lignin is an underutilized biowaste macromolecule that is gaining considerable interest in biomedical research. However, the source of lignin and the extraction process heavily influence its chemistry, which can influence a cell’s reaction to lignin. Organosolv lignin is extracted via an eco-friendly process from leftover waste material. Few studies have tested the biocompatibility of organosolv lignins with human cells. We extensively characterized fractionated organosolv lignin and performed in vitro cytotoxicity safety screening on diverse primary human cell types commonly used in tissue engineering. This is the first study to show that, at a balanced concentration, fractionated low MW beechwood-derived organosolv lignin is non-cytotoxic to highly relevant human cell types used in tissue engineering including human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), chondrocytes, osteoblasts, periodontal ligament fibroblasts, gingival fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Additionally, we show that organosolv lignin can be used to fabricate cell scaffolds and that addition of lignin increased the stiffness and viscosity of the scaffolds as well as cell attachment. This suggests that organosolv lignin may be used in the generation of tissue-like biomaterial-based constructs for tissue repair. Abstract There is limited data assessing the cytotoxic effects of organosolv lignin with cells commonly used in tissue engineering. Structural and physico-chemical characterization of fractionated organosolv lignin showed that a decrease of the molecular weight (MW) is accompanied by a less branched conformation of the phenolic biopolymer (higher S/G ratio) and an increased number of aliphatic hydroxyl functionalities. Enabling stronger polymer−solvent interactions, as proven by the Hansen solubility parameter analysis, low MW organosolv lignin (2543 g/mol) is considered to be compatible with common biomaterials. Using low MW lignin, high cell viability (70–100%) was achieved after 2 h, 24 h and 7 days using the following lignin concentrations: MSCs and osteoblasts (0.02 mg/mL), gingival fibroblasts and keratinocytes (0.02 to 0.04 mg/mL), periodontal ligament fibroblasts and chondrocytes (0.02 to 0.08 mg/mL). Cell viability was reduced at higher concentrations, indicating that high concentrations are cytotoxic. Higher cell viability was attained using 30/70 (w/v) NaOH vs. 40/60 (w/v) EtOH as the initial lignin solvent. Hydrogels containing low MW lignin (0.02 to 0.3 mg/mL) in agarose dose-dependently increased chondrocyte attachment (cell viability 84–100%) and hydrogel viscosity and stiffness to 3–11 kPa, similar to the pericellular matrix of chondrocytes. This suggests that low MW organosolv lignin may be used in many tissue engineering fields.
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Malyar YN, Vasil’yeva NY, Kazachenko AS, Skvortsova GP, Korol’kova IV, Kuznetsova SA. Sulfation of Abies Ethanol Lignin by Complexes of Sulfur Trioxide with 1,4-Dioxane and Pyridine. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021070104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Shu F, Jiang B, Yuan Y, Li M, Wu W, Jin Y, Xiao H. Biological Activities and Emerging Roles of Lignin and Lignin-Based Products─A Review. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4905-4918. [PMID: 34806363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive substances, displaying excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and processability, could be extensively applied in biomedicine and tissue engineering. In recent years, plant-based bioactive substances such as flavonoids, vitamins, terpenes, and lignin have received considerable attention due to their human health benefits and pharmaceutical/medical applications. Among them is lignin, an amorphous biomacromolecule mainly derived from the combinatorial radical coupling of three phenylpropane units (p-hydroxypenyl, guaiacyl, and syringyl) during lignification. Lignin possesses intrinsic bioactivities (antioxidative, antibacterial, anti-UV activities, etc.) against phytopathogens. Lignin also enhances the plant resistance (adaptability) against environmental stresses. The abundant structural features of lignin offer other significant bioactivities including antitumor and antivirus bioactivities, regulation of plant growth, and enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. This Review reports the latest research results on the bioactive potential of lignin and lignin-based substances in biomedicine, agriculture, and biomass conversion. Moreover, the interfacial reactions and bonding mechanisms of lignin with biotissue/cells and other constituents were also discussed, aiming at promoting the conversion or evolution of lignin from industrial wastes to value-added bioactive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Shu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.,Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mohan Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.,Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B5A3, Canada
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Fedoros EI, Baldueva IA, Perminova IV, Badun GA, Chernysheva MG, Grozdova ID, Melik-Nubarov NS, Danilova AB, Nekhaeva TL, Kuznetsova AI, Emelyanova NV, Ryakhovskiy AA, Pigarev SE, Semenov AL, Tyndyk ML, Gubareva EA, Panchenko AV, Bykov VN, Anisimov VN. Exploring bioactivity potential of polyphenolic water-soluble lignin derivative. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110049. [PMID: 32926891 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many natural substances exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and considerable potential in prophylaxis and treatment of allergies. Knowing exact molecular targets, which is required for developing these as medicinal products, is often challenging for multicomponent compositions. In the present study we examined novel polyphenolic substance, a water-soluble fraction of wood lignin (laboratory code BP-Cx-1). In our previous study, a number of polyphenolic components of BP-Cx-1 (flavonoids, sapogenins, phenanthrenes etc.) were identified as the major carriers of biological activity of BP-Cx drug family, and several molecular targets involved in cancer and/or inflammation signaling pathways were proposed based on the results of the in vitro and in silico screening studies. In the present study, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BP-Cx-1 was established with a radioligand method and a range of IC50 values between 22.8 and 40.3 μg/ml were obtained for adenosine receptors A1, A2A and prostaglandin receptors EP2, IP (PGI2). IC50 for serotonin 5-HT1 and for glucocorticoid GR receptors were 3.0 μg/ml and 12.6 μg/ml, respectively, both being within the range of BP-Cx-1 concentrations achievable in in vivo models. Further, distribution of [3H] labelled BP-Cx-1 in NIH3T3 murine fibroblasts and MCF7/R carcinoma cells was studied with autoradiography. [3H]-BP-Cx-1 (visualized as silver grains produced by tritium beta particles) was mainly localized along the cell membrane, in the perinuclear region and in the nucleus, suggesting ability of BP-Cx-1 to enter cells and bind to membrane or cytosol receptors. In our experiment, we observed the effect of BP-Cx-1 on maturation of dendritic cells (DCs): downregulation of expression of the lipid-presentation molecule CD1a, co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD83 and CD 40, decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and TNF-α and increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. It is hypothesized that [3H]-BP-Cx-1 detectable in the nucleus is part of the activated GR complex, known to be involved in regulation of transcription of genes responsible for the anti-inflammatory response. Based on IC50, cell distribution data and results of the experiment with DCs it is suggested that the in vivo effects of BP-Cx-1 are mediated via GR and 5-HT1 receptors thus promoting development of tolerogenic effector function in dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Fedoros
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Nobel LTD, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - I A Baldueva
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - G A Badun
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - I D Grozdova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A B Danilova
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - T L Nekhaeva
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - A I Kuznetsova
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - N V Emelyanova
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - S E Pigarev
- Nobel LTD, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A L Semenov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - M L Tyndyk
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - E A Gubareva
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - A V Panchenko
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia; FSBSI "Research Institute of Medical Primatology", Sochi, Russian Federation
| | - V N Bykov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - V N Anisimov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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9
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Zherebker AY, Rukhovich GD, Kharybin ON, Fedoros EI, Perminova IV, Nikolaev EN. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for the analysis of molecular composition and batch-to-batch consistency of plant-derived polyphenolic ligands developed for biomedical application. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8850. [PMID: 32492216 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Complex plant-derived polyphenols are promising for biomedical application. Their high complexity prevents the use of conventional pharmacopoeia techniques to perform quality control. The goal of this study was to apply ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry to evaluate the batch-to-batch consistency of the molecular composition of a polyphenolic ligand using appropriate statistical metrics. METHODS Polyphenols were obtained by hydrolyzed-lignin oxidation. Manufacturing was performed under a range of reaction conditions: heating cycles, oxygen flows, purification. Direct-injection Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (DI FTICR-MS) was applied to analyze reaction products. For pairwise comparison Jaccard and Tanimoto similarities calculations were proposed. In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) was applied for sample grouping based on the molecular class contributions. RESULTS FTICR-MS analysis revealed moderate Jaccard similarity of products synthesized under the same conditions, which shared about 50% of the formulae calculated in each sample. The intensity-based Tanimoto index indicated high similarity of major components distribution of samples synthesized under standard conditions, while products obtained with variations in synthetic conditions were significantly different. PCA of molecular class contributions showed similar grouping with a high cumulative score. CONCLUSIONS FTICR-MS provides robust metrics for the examination of batch-to-batch consistency of synthetic polyphenol materials. This approach can be proposed for the analysis of reference samples and for development of complementary methods for quality control of medicinal agents based on various biologically active matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ya Zherebker
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow region, 143025, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gleb D Rukhovich
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg N Kharybin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow region, 143025, Russia
| | - Elena I Fedoros
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg, 197758, Russia
- Nobel LTD, Saint-Petersburg, 192012, Russia
| | - Irina V Perminova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Moscow region, 143025, Russia
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10
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Afosah DK, Al-Horani RA. Sulfated Non-Saccharide Glycosaminoglycan Mimetics as Novel Drug Discovery Platform for Various Pathologies. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3412-3447. [PMID: 30457046 PMCID: PMC6551317 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181120101147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are very complex, natural anionic polysaccharides. They are polymers of repeating disaccharide units of uronic acid and hexosamine residues. Owing to their template-free, spatiotemporally-controlled, and enzyme-mediated biosyntheses, GAGs possess enormous polydispersity, heterogeneity, and structural diversity which often translate into multiple biological roles. It is well documented that GAGs contribute to physiological and pathological processes by binding to proteins including serine proteases, serpins, chemokines, growth factors, and microbial proteins. Despite advances in the GAG field, the GAG-protein interface remains largely unexploited by drug discovery programs. Thus, Non-Saccharide Glycosaminoglycan Mimetics (NSGMs) have been rationally developed as a novel class of sulfated molecules that modulate GAG-protein interface to promote various biological outcomes of substantial benefit to human health. In this review, we describe the chemical, biochemical, and pharmacological aspects of recently reported NSGMs and highlight their therapeutic potentials as structurally and mechanistically novel anti-coagulants, anti-cancer agents, anti-emphysema agents, and anti-viral agents. We also describe the challenges that complicate their advancement and describe ongoing efforts to overcome these challenges with the aim of advancing the novel platform of NSGMs to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K. Afosah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219
| | - Rami A. Al-Horani
- Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125
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11
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Tao J, Li S, Ye F, Zhou Y, Lei L, Zhao G. Lignin - An underutilized, renewable and valuable material for food industry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2011-2033. [PMID: 31547671 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1625025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is the second most abundant biorenewable polymers only next to cellulose and is ubiquitous in various plant foods. In food industry, lignin often presented as a major component of by-products from plant foods. In the last decade, the food and nutritional interests of lignin attracted more and more attentions and great progresses have been accomplished. In the present review, the structure, physicochemical properties, dietary occurrence and preparation methods of lignin from food resources were summarized. Then, the versatile activities of food lignin were introduced under the subtitles of antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic and other activities. Finally, the potential applications of food lignin were proposed as a food bioactive ingredient, an improver of food package films and a novel material in fabricating drug delivery vehicles and contaminant passivators. Hopefully, this review could bring new insights in exploiting lignin from nutrition- and food-directed views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Tao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fayin Ye
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Lei
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Centre of Regional Foods, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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12
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Morla S, Sankaranarayanan NV, Afosah DK, Kumar M, Kummarapurugu AB, Voynow JA, Desai UR. On the Process of Discovering Leads That Target the Heparin-Binding Site of Neutrophil Elastase in the Sputum of Cystic Fibrosis Patients. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5501-5511. [PMID: 31074986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a disease of dysregulated salt and fluid homeostasis that results in the massive accumulation of neutrophil elastase, resulting in lung degradation and death. The current CF therapy relies on inhaled deoxyribonuclease and hypertonic saline but does not address the elastolytic degradation of the lung. We reasoned that allosteric agents targeting the heparin-binding site of neutrophil elastase would offer a therapeutic paradigm. Screening a library of 60 nonsaccharide glycosaminoglycan mimetics (NSGMs) led to the discovery of 23 hits against neutrophil elastase. To identify a lead NSGM that works in sync with the current CF-relieving agents, we developed a rigorous protocol based on fundamental computational, biochemical, mechanistic, and adverse effect studies. The lead NSGM so identified neutralized neutrophil elastase present in the sputum of CF patients in the presence of deoxyribonuclease and high-salt conditions. Our work presents the process for discovering potent, small, synthetic, allosteric, anti-CF agents, while also identifying a novel lead for further studies in animal models of CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Morla
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States.,Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23219 , United States
| | - Nehru Viji Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States.,Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23219 , United States
| | - Daniel K Afosah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States.,Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23219 , United States
| | - Megh Kumar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States.,Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23219 , United States
| | - Apparao B Kummarapurugu
- Children's Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States
| | - Judith A Voynow
- Children's Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States
| | - Umesh R Desai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States.,Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23219 , United States
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13
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Morla S. Glycosaminoglycans and Glycosaminoglycan Mimetics in Cancer and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081963. [PMID: 31013618 PMCID: PMC6514582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a class of biomolecules expressed virtually on all mammalian cells and usually covalently attached to proteins, forming proteoglycans. They are present not only on the cell surface, but also in the intracellular milieu and extracellular matrix. GAGs interact with multiple ligands, both soluble and insoluble, and modulate an important role in various physiological and pathological processes including cancer, bacterial and viral infections, inflammation, Alzheimer’s disease, and many more. Considering their involvement in multiple diseases, their use in the development of drugs has been of significant interest in both academia and industry. Many GAG-based drugs are being developed with encouraging results in animal models and clinical trials, showcasing their potential for development as therapeutics. In this review, the role GAGs play in both the development and inhibition of cancer and inflammation is presented. Further, advancements in the development of GAGs and their mimetics as anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory agents are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Morla
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
- Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
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14
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Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a class of biomolecules expressed virtually on all mammalian cells and usually covalently attached to proteins, forming proteoglycans. They are present not only on the cell surface, but also in the intracellular milieu and extracellular matrix. GAGs interact with multiple ligands, both soluble and insoluble, and modulate an important role in various physiological and pathological processes including cancer, bacterial and viral infections, inflammation, Alzheimer's disease, and many more. Considering their involvement in multiple diseases, their use in the development of drugs has been of significant interest in both academia and industry. Many GAG-based drugs are being developed with encouraging results in animal models and clinical trials, showcasing their potential for development as therapeutics. In this review, the role GAGs play in both the development and inhibition of cancer and inflammation is presented. Further, advancements in the development of GAGs and their mimetics as anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory agents are discussed.
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15
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Mane KD, Mukherjee A, Vanka K, Suryavanshi G. Metal-Free Regioselective Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling of Cyclic Ethers and Aryl Carbonyls. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2039-2047. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kishor D. Mane
- Chemical Engineering & Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110 025, India
| | - Anagh Mukherjee
- Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110 025, India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110 025, India
| | - Gurunath Suryavanshi
- Chemical Engineering & Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110 025, India
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16
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Witzler M, Alzagameem A, Bergs M, Khaldi-Hansen BE, Klein SE, Hielscher D, Kamm B, Kreyenschmidt J, Tobiasch E, Schulze M. Lignin-Derived Biomaterials for Drug Release and Tissue Engineering. Molecules 2018; 23:E1885. [PMID: 30060536 PMCID: PMC6222784 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Renewable resources are gaining increasing interest as a source for environmentally benign biomaterials, such as drug encapsulation/release compounds, and scaffolds for tissue engineering in regenerative medicine. Being the second largest naturally abundant polymer, the interest in lignin valorization for biomedical utilization is rapidly growing. Depending on its resource and isolation procedure, lignin shows specific antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Today, efforts in research and industry are directed toward lignin utilization as a renewable macromolecular building block for the preparation of polymeric drug encapsulation and scaffold materials. Within the last five years, remarkable progress has been made in isolation, functionalization and modification of lignin and lignin-derived compounds. However, the literature so far mainly focuses lignin-derived fuels, lubricants and resins. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of the art and to highlight the most important results in the field of lignin-based materials for potential use in biomedicine (reported in 2014⁻2018). Special focus is placed on lignin-derived nanomaterials for drug encapsulation and release as well as lignin hybrid materials used as scaffolds for guided bone regeneration in stem cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Witzler
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Abla Alzagameem
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1, D-03046 Cottbus, Germany.
| | - Michel Bergs
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, INRES, Klein-Altendorf 2, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Basma El Khaldi-Hansen
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Stephanie E Klein
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Dorothee Hielscher
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Birgit Kamm
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1, D-03046 Cottbus, Germany.
- Kompetenzzentrum Holz GmbH, Altenberger Strasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
| | - Judith Kreyenschmidt
- Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms-University Bonn, Katzenburgweg 7-9, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Edda Tobiasch
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Margit Schulze
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, D-53359 Rheinbach, Germany.
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17
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Fedoros EI, Orlov AA, Zherebker A, Gubareva EA, Maydin MA, Konstantinov AI, Krasnov KA, Karapetian RN, Izotova EI, Pigarev SE, Panchenko AV, Tyndyk ML, Osolodkin DI, Nikolaev EN, Perminova IV, Anisimov VN. Novel water-soluble lignin derivative BP-Cx-1: identification of components and screening of potential targets in silico and in vitro. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18578-18593. [PMID: 29719628 PMCID: PMC5915095 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of molecular targets and mechanism of action is always a challenge, in particular – for natural compounds due to inherent chemical complexity. BP-Cx-1 is a water-soluble modification of hydrolyzed lignin used as the platform for a portfolio of innovative pharmacological products aimed for therapy and supportive care of oncological patients. The present study describes a new approach, which combines in vitro screening of potential molecular targets for BP-Cx-1 using Diversity Profile - P9 panel by Eurofins Cerep (France) with a search of possible active components in silico in ChEMBL - manually curated chemical database of bioactive molecules with drug-like properties. The results of diversity assay demonstrate that BP-Cx-1 has multiple biological effects on neurotransmitters receptors, ligand-gated ion channels and transporters. Of particular importance is that the major part of identified molecular targets are involved in modulation of inflammation and immune response and might be related to tumorigenesis. Characterization of molecular composition of BP-Cx-1 with Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry and subsequent identification of possible active components by searching for molecular matches in silico in ChEMBL indicated polyphenolic components, nominally, flavonoids, sapogenins, phenanthrenes, as the major carriers of biological activity of BP-Cx-1. In vitro and in silico target screening yielded overlapping lists of proteins: adenosine receptors, dopamine receptor DRD4, glucocorticoid receptor, serotonin receptor 5-HT1, prostaglandin receptors, muscarinic cholinergic receptor, GABAA receptor. The pleiotropic molecular activities of polyphenolic components are beneficial in treatment of multifactorial disorders such as diseases associated with chronic inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I Fedoros
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia.,Nobel LTD, Saint-Petersburg 192012, Russia
| | - Alexey A Orlov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander Zherebker
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo 143025, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Gubareva
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Maydin
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | | | - Konstantin A Krasnov
- Institute of Toxicology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Saint-Petersburg 192019, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Andrey V Panchenko
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Margarita L Tyndyk
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Osolodkin
- Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS, Moscow 108819, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo 143025, Russia.,Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia.,Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Irina V Perminova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Anisimov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russia
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18
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Truong TM, Li H, Dhapare S, Desai UR, Voelkel NF, Sakagami M. Sulfated dehydropolymer of caffeic acid: In vitro anti-lung cell death activity and in vivo intervention in emphysema induced by VEGF receptor blockade. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2017. [PMID: 28648907 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Induced lung cell death and impaired hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling are proposed as a pathobiologic mechanism for alveolar structural destruction and loss in emphysema. We hypothesized that our sulfated dehydropolymer of caffeic acid, CDSO3, exerts anti-cell death activities and therapeutic interventions in emphysema by virtue of Fe2+ chelation-based HIF-1α/VEGF stabilization and elevation. The Fe2+ chelating activity was determined in the chromogenic ferrozine-Fe2+ chelation inhibitory assay. The in vitro anti-cell death activities and their Fe2+ and HIF-1α dependence were assessed against a range of emphysematous insults in the lung endothelial (HMVEC-L) and epithelial (A549) cells. CDSO3 was spray-dosed to the lung for three weeks (day 1-21) in an in vivo rat model of apoptotic emphysema induced with a VEGF receptor antagonist SU5416. Post-treatment treadmill exercise endurance, airspace enlargement, and several lung biomarkers/proteins were measured. CDSO3 was a potent Fe2+ chelating molecule. At 10 μM, CDSO3 inhibited HMVEC-L and A549 cell death induced by histone deacetylase inhibition with trichostatin A, VEGF receptor blockade with SU5416, and cigarette smoke extract by 65-99%, which were all significantly opposed by addition of excess Fe2+ or HIF-1α inhibitors. As a potent elastase inhibitor and antioxidant, CDSO3 also inhibited elastase- and H2O2-induced cell death by 92 and 95%, respectively. In the rat model of SU5416-induced apoptotic emphysema, CDSO3 treatment at 60 μg/kg 1) produced 61-77% interventions against exercise endurance impairment, airspace enlargement [mean linear intercept] and oxidative lung damage [malondialdehyde activity]; 2) normalized the apoptotic marker [cleaved caspase-3]; 3) stimulated the VEGF signaling [VEGF receptor 2 phosphorylation] by 1.4-fold; and 4) elevated the HIF-1α and VEGF expression by 1.8- and 1.5-fold, respectively. All of these were consistent with CDSO3's Fe2+ chelation-based HIF-1α/VEGF stabilization and elevation against their pathobiologic deficiency, inhibiting lung cell death and development of apoptotic emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien M Truong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N, 12th Street, P. O. Box 980533, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N, 12th Street, P. O. Box 980533, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Sneha Dhapare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N, 12th Street, P. O. Box 980533, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Umesh R Desai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Structural Biology and Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
| | - Nobert F Voelkel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N, 12th Street, P. O. Box 980533, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Masahiro Sakagami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 N, 12th Street, P. O. Box 980533, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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19
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Vinardell MP, Mitjans M. Lignins and Their Derivatives with Beneficial Effects on Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061219. [PMID: 28590454 PMCID: PMC5486042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A review of the pharmacological applications of lignins provides evidence of their protective role against the development of different diseases. In many cases, the effects of lignins could be explained by their antioxidant capacity. Here, we present a systematic review of the literature from the period 2010–2016 which provides information concerning new applications of lignins derived from recent research. The most promising findings are reported, including the methodologies employed and results obtained with lignins or their derivatives which may improve human health. We highlight potential applications in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, thrombosis, viral infections and cancer. Moreover, we report both that lignins can be used in the preparation of nanoparticles to deliver different drugs and also their use in photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pilar Vinardell
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Mitjans
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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20
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Craciun I, Fenner AM, Kerns RJ. N-Arylacyl O-sulfonated aminoglycosides as novel inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase, cathepsin G and proteinase 3. Glycobiology 2016; 26:701-709. [PMID: 26850997 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) and protease inhibitors (PIs) in the lung is a critical determinant for a number of chronic inflammatory lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis and acute lung injury. During activation at inflammatory sites, excessive release of NSPs such as human neutrophil elastase (HNE), proteinase 3 (Pr3) and cathepsin G (CatG), leads to destruction of the lung matrix and continued propagation of acute inflammation. Under normal conditions, PIs counteract these effects by inactivating NSPs; however, in chronic inflammatory lung diseases, there are insufficient amounts of PIs to mitigate damage. Therapeutic strategies are needed to modulate excessive NSP activity for the clinical management of chronic inflammatory lung diseases. In the study reported here, a panel of N-arylacyl O-sulfonated aminoglycosides was screened to identify inhibitors of the NSPs. Dose-dependent inhibitors for each individual serine protease were identified. Select compounds were found to inhibit multiple NSPs, including one lead structure that is shown to inhibit all three NSPs. Two lead compounds identified during the screen for each individual NSP were further characterized as partial mixed inhibitors of CatG. Concentration-dependent inhibition of protease-mediated detachment of lung epithelial cells is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Craciun
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Pharmaceutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Amanda M Fenner
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Pharmaceutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Robert J Kerns
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Pharmaceutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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21
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Abstract
In nearly all cases of biological activity of sulfated GAGs, the sulfate group(s) are critical for interacting with target proteins. A growing paradigm is that appropriate small, sulfated, nonsaccharide GAG mimetics can be designed to either mimic or interfere with the biological functions of natural GAG sequences resulting in the discovery of either antagonist or agonist agents. A number of times these sulfated NSGMs can be computationally designed based on the parent GAG-protein interaction. The small sulfated NSGMs may possess considerable aromatic character so as to engineer hydrophobic, hydrogen-bonding, Coulombic or cation-pi forces in their interactions with target protein(s) resulting in higher specificity of action relative to parent GAGs. The sulfated NSGMs can be easily synthesized in one step from appropriate natural polyphenols through chemical sulfation under microwave-based conditions. We describe step-by-step procedures to perform microwave-based sulfation of several small polyphenol scaffolds so as to prepare homogenous NSGMs containing one to more than 10 sulfate groups per molecule in high yields.
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22
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Al-Horani RA, Desai UR. Recent advances on plasmin inhibitors for the treatment of fibrinolysis-related disorders. Med Res Rev 2014; 34:1168-1216. [PMID: 24659483 PMCID: PMC8788159 DOI: 10.1002/med.21315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that plasmin is involved in a number of physiological processes in addition to its key role in fibrin cleavage. Plasmin inhibition is critical in preventing adverse consequences arising from plasmin overactivity, e.g., blood loss that may follow cardiac surgery. Aprotinin was widely used as an antifibrinolytic drug before its discontinuation in 2008. Tranexamic acid and ε-aminocaproic acid, two small molecule plasmin inhibitors, are currently used in the clinic. Several molecules have been designed utilizing covalent, but reversible, chemistry relying on reactive cyclohexanones, nitrile warheads, and reactive aldehyde peptidomimetics. Other major classes of plasmin inhibitors include the cyclic peptidomimetics and polypeptides of the Kunitz and Kazal-type. Allosteric inhibitors of plasmin have also been designed including small molecule lysine analogs that bind to plasmin's kringle domain(s) and sulfated glycosaminoglycan mimetics that bind to plasmin's catalytic domain. Plasmin inhibitors have also been explored for resolving other disease states including cell metastasis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and embryo implantation. This review highlights functional and structural aspects of plasmin inhibitors with the goal of advancing their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami A Al-Horani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology and Drug Discovery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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23
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Saluja B, Li H, Desai UR, Voelkel NF, Sakagami M. Sulfated Caffeic Acid Dehydropolymer Attenuates Elastase and Cigarette Smoke Extract–induced Emphysema in Rats: Sustained Activity and a Need of Pulmonary Delivery. Lung 2014; 192:481-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00408-014-9597-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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The promise of sulfated synthetic small molecules as modulators of glycosaminoglycan function. Future Med Chem 2014; 5:1363-6. [PMID: 23919545 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.13.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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