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White AJ, Jollota SP, Hammer CG, Khan AU, DeWerd LA, Culberson WS. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100) for absorbed dose measurements in alpha-emitting radionuclides. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 208:111307. [PMID: 38564840 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Early works that used thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) to measure absorbed dose from alpha particles reported relatively high variation (10%) between TLDs, which is undesirable for modern dosimetry applications. This work outlines a method to increase precision for absorbed dose measured using TLDs with alpha-emitting radionuclides by applying an alpha-specific chip factor (CF) that individually characterizes the TLD sensitivity to alpha particles. Variation between TLDs was reduced from 21.8% to 6.7% for the standard TLD chips and 7.9% to 3.3% for the thin TLD chips. It has been demonstrated by this work that TLD-100 can be calibrated to precisely measure the absorbed dose to water from alpha-emitting radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J White
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
| | - Sean P Jollota
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Cliff G Hammer
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ahtesham U Khan
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, 250 E. Huron St, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Larry A DeWerd
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Wesley S Culberson
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
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2
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De Saint-Hubert M, Verbeek N, Bäumer C, Esser J, Wulff J, Nabha R, Van Hoey O, Dabin J, Stuckmann F, Vasi F, Radonic S, Boissonnat G, Schneider U, Rodriguez M, Timmermann B, Thierry-Chef I, Brualla L. Validation of a Monte Carlo Framework for Out-of-Field Dose Calculations in Proton Therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:882489. [PMID: 35756661 PMCID: PMC9213663 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.882489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Proton therapy enables to deliver highly conformed dose distributions owing to the characteristic Bragg peak and the finite range of protons. However, during proton therapy, secondary neutrons are created, which can travel long distances and deposit dose in out-of-field volumes. This out-of-field absorbed dose needs to be considered for radiation-induced secondary cancers, which are particularly relevant in the case of pediatric treatments. Unfortunately, no method exists in clinics for the computation of the out-of-field dose distributions in proton therapy. To help overcome this limitation, a computational tool has been developed based on the Monte Carlo code TOPAS. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the accuracy of this tool in comparison to experimental data obtained from an anthropomorphic phantom irradiation. An anthropomorphic phantom of a 5-year-old child (ATOM, CIRS) was irradiated for a brain tumor treatment in an IBA Proteus Plus facility using a pencil beam dedicated nozzle. The treatment consisted of three pencil beam scanning fields employing a lucite range shifter. Proton energies ranged from 100 to 165 MeV. A median dose of 50.4 Gy(RBE) with 1.8 Gy(RBE) per fraction was prescribed to the initial planning target volume (PTV), which was located in the cerebellum. Thermoluminescent detectors (TLDs), namely, Li-7-enriched LiF : Mg, Ti (MTS-7) type, were used to detect gamma radiation, which is produced by nuclear reactions, and secondary as well as recoil protons created out-of-field by secondary neutrons. Li-6-enriched LiF : Mg,Cu,P (MCP-6) was combined with Li-7-enriched MCP-7 to measure thermal neutrons. TLDs were calibrated in Co-60 and reported on absorbed dose in water per target dose (μGy/Gy) as well as thermal neutron dose equivalent per target dose (μSv/Gy). Additionally, bubble detectors for personal neutron dosimetry (BD-PND) were used for measuring neutrons (>50 keV), which were calibrated in a Cf-252 neutron beam to report on neutron dose equivalent dose data. The Monte Carlo code TOPAS (version 3.6) was run using a phase-space file containing 1010 histories reaching an average standard statistical uncertainty of less than 0.2% (coverage factor k = 1) on all voxels scoring more than 50% of the maximum dose. The primary beam was modeled following a Fermi–Eyges description of the spot envelope fitted to measurements. For the Monte Carlo simulation, the chemical composition of the tissues represented in ATOM was employed. The dose was tallied as dose-to-water, and data were normalized to the target dose (physical dose) to report on absorbed doses per target dose (mSv/Gy) or neutron dose equivalent per target dose (μSv/Gy), while also an estimate of the total organ dose was provided for a target dose of 50.4 Gy(RBE). Out-of-field doses showed absorbed doses that were 5 to 6 orders of magnitude lower than the target dose. The discrepancy between TLD data and the corresponding scored values in the Monte Carlo calculations involving proton and gamma contributions was on average 18%. The comparison between the neutron equivalent doses between the Monte Carlo simulation and the measured neutron doses was on average 8%. Organ dose calculations revealed the highest dose for the thyroid, which was 120 mSv, while other organ doses ranged from 18 mSv in the lungs to 0.6 mSv in the testes. The proposed computational method for routine calculation of the out-of-the-field dose in proton therapy produces results that are compatible with the experimental data and allow to calculate out-of-field organ doses during proton therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke De Saint-Hubert
- Research in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Nico Verbeek
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen WPE, Essen, Germany.,West German Cancer Center (WTZ), Essen, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Bäumer
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen WPE, Essen, Germany.,West German Cancer Center (WTZ), Essen, Germany.,Radiation Oncology and Imaging, German Cancer Consortium DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Johannes Esser
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen WPE, Essen, Germany.,West German Cancer Center (WTZ), Essen, Germany.,Faculty of Mathematics and Science Institute of Physics and Medical Physics. Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Wulff
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen WPE, Essen, Germany.,West German Cancer Center (WTZ), Essen, Germany
| | - Racell Nabha
- Research in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Olivier Van Hoey
- Research in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Jérémie Dabin
- Research in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Florian Stuckmann
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen WPE, Essen, Germany.,Faculty of Mathematics and Science Institute of Physics and Medical Physics. Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Klinikum Fulda GAG, Universitätsmedizin Marburg, Fulda, Zurich, Germany
| | - Fabiano Vasi
- Physik Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Uwe Schneider
- Physik Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Rodriguez
- Hospital Paitilla, Panama City, Panama.,Instituto de Investigaciones Cientificas y de Alta Tecnología INDICASAT-AIP, Panama City, Panama
| | - Beate Timmermann
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen WPE, Essen, Germany.,West German Cancer Center (WTZ), Essen, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Radiation Oncology and Imaging, German Cancer Consortium DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Thierry-Chef
- Radiation Programme, Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.,University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Brualla
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen WPE, Essen, Germany.,West German Cancer Center (WTZ), Essen, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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3
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Polo IO, Santos WS, Viccari de Moraes C, Nicolucci P. Response of a TLD badge to the new operational quantity Hp(θ): Monte Carlo approach. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Hirata Y, Sato T, Watanabe K, Ogawa T, Parisi A, Uritani A. Theoretical and experimental estimation of the relative optically stimulated luminescence efficiency of an optical-fiber-based BaFBr:Eu detector for swift ions. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2021.2017372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuho Hirata
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Sato
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Japan
| | - Kenichi Watanabe
- Kyushu University, Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Ogawa
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Japan
| | - Alessio Parisi
- Expert Group in Radiation Protection Dosimetry and Calibration, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol Belgium
| | - Akira Uritani
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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5
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Parisi A, Sawakuchi G, Granville D, Yukihara EG. Microdosimetric modeling of the relative efficiency of Al2O3:C (Luxel, blue emission) optically stimulated luminescent detectors exposed to ions from 1H to 132Xe. RADIAT MEAS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2021.106678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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6
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Olko P, Bilski P. MICRODOSIMETRIC UNDERSTANDING OF DOSE RESPONSE AND RELATIVE EFFICIENCY OF THERMOLUMINESCENCE DETECTORS. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2020; 192:165-177. [PMID: 33418564 PMCID: PMC7840113 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncaa211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
LiF:Mg,Ti detectors show relative efficiency η for heavy charged particles significantly lower than one. It was for a long time not recognised that η varies also for electron energies and, as a consequence for photons. For LiF:Mg,Cu,P detectors measured photon energy response was named 'anomalous' because it differed significantly from the ratio of photon absorption coefficients. The decrease of η was explained as a microdosimetric effect due to local saturation of trapping centres around the electron track. For TLD-100 it was noticed by Horowitz that the measured photon energy response disagrees with the ratio of absorption coefficient by about 10%. It was demonstrated that a fraction of the TL signal in LiF:Mg,Ti is generated in the supralinear dose-response range, due to the high local doses generated by photon-induced tracks. Prediction of TL efficiency is particularly important in space dosimetry and in dosimetry of therapeutic beams like protons or carbon ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Olko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Bilski
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31-342 Kraków, Poland
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7
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The relative efficiency of 7LiF:Mg,Ti (MTS-7) and 7LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP-7) thermoluminescent detectors for muons, pions and kaons over a broad energy range (2 keV–1 GeV): theoretical calculations using the Microdosimetric d(z) Model. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Shimomura R, Koba Y, Chang W, Koshimizu M, Fujimoto Y, Kawamoto H, Maruyama D, Matsumoto K, Ushiba H, Andoh T, Shinsho K. Thermoluminescence efficiency and glow curves of Cr-doped Al2O3 ceramic TLD for a wide linear energy transfer range. RADIAT MEAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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A new method to predict the response of thermoluminescent detectors exposed at different positions within a clinical proton beam. RADIAT MEAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Mitigation of the proton-induced low temperature anomaly of LiF:Mg,Cu,P detectors using a post-irradiation pre-readout thermal protocol. RADIAT MEAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.106233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Parisi A, Dabin J, Schoonjans W, Van Hoey O, Mégret P, Vanhavere F. Photon energy response of LiF:Mg,Ti (MTS) and LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP) thermoluminescent detectors: Experimental measurements and microdosimetric modeling. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Tsai HY, Sung CH, Chen HH, Lin MW, Huang HC, Chang SL. Clinical application of ionization density dependence of the glow curve for measuring linear energy transfer in therapeutic proton beams. RADIAT MEAS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.106146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Parisi A, Van Hoey O, Mégret P, Vanhavere F. MICRODOSIMETRIC MODELING OF THE RELATIVE LUMINESCENCE EFFICIENCY OF LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP) DETECTORS EXPOSED TO CHARGED PARTICLES. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2019; 183:172-176. [PMID: 30561684 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Using a recently developed microdosimetric model based on the Monte Carlo code PHITS, the relative luminescence efficiency of LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP) thermoluminescent detectors to charged particles from 1H to 132Xe with energies from 3 to 1000 MeV/u has been assessed. The results have been compared with literature data showing very good agreement for particles from 12C to 132Xe in case of model calculations performed in a site size of 40 nm. For 1H and 4He ions, the model overestimates the experimental values by ~10%. An explanation of this deviation as a consequence of fading effects has been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Parisi
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Radiation Protection Dosimetry and Calibration Expert Group, Boeretang, Mol, Belgium
- University of Mons, Faculty of Engineering, P. Mégret - Electromagnetism & Telecom Department, Boulevard Dolez, Mons, Belgium
| | - Olivier Van Hoey
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Radiation Protection Dosimetry and Calibration Expert Group, Boeretang, Mol, Belgium
| | - Patrice Mégret
- University of Mons, Faculty of Engineering, P. Mégret - Electromagnetism & Telecom Department, Boulevard Dolez, Mons, Belgium
| | - Filip Vanhavere
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Radiation Protection Dosimetry and Calibration Expert Group, Boeretang, Mol, Belgium
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14
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Parisi A, Chiriotti S, De Saint-Hubert M, Van Hoey O, Vandevoorde C, Beukes P, de Kock EA, Symons J, Camero JN, Slabbert J, Mégret P, Debrot E, Bolst D, Rosenfeld A, Vanhavere F. A novel methodology to assess linear energy transfer and relative biological effectiveness in proton therapy using pairs of differently doped thermoluminescent detectors. Phys Med Biol 2019; 64:085005. [PMID: 30650402 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aaff20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A new methodology for assessing linear energy transfer (LET) and relative biological effectiveness (RBE) in proton therapy beams using thermoluminescent detectors is presented. The method is based on the different LET response of two different lithium fluoride thermoluminescent detectors (LiF:Mg,Ti and LiF:Mg,Cu,P) for measuring charged particles. The relative efficiency of the two detector types was predicted using the recently developed Microdosimetric d(z) Model in combination with the Monte Carlo code PHITS. Afterwards, the calculated ratio of the expected response of the two detector types was correlated with the fluence- and dose- mean values of the unrestricted proton LET. Using the obtained proton dose mean LET as input, the RBE was assessed using a phenomenological biophysical model of cell survival. The aforementioned methodology was benchmarked by exposing the detectors at different depths within the spread out Bragg peak (SOBP) of a clinical proton beam at iThemba LABS. The assessed LET values were found to be in good agreement with the results of radiation transport computer simulations performed using the Monte Carlo code GEANT4. Furthermore, the estimated RBE values were compared with the RBE values experimentally determined by performing colony survival measurements with Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells during the same experimental run. A very good agreement was found between the results of the proposed methodology and the results of the in vitro study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Parisi
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK·CEN, Mol, Belgium. University of Mons, Faculty of Engineering, Mons, Belgium. Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed
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15
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Parisi A, Van Hoey O, Mégret P, Vanhavere F. Microdosimetric specific energy probability distribution in nanometric targets and its correlation with the efficiency of thermoluminescent detectors exposed to charged particles. RADIAT MEAS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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17
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Durante M, Paganetti H, Pompos A, Kry SF, Wu X, Grosshans DR. Report of a National Cancer Institute special panel: Characterization of the physical parameters of particle beams for biological research. Med Phys 2018; 46:e37-e52. [PMID: 30506898 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To define the physical parameters needed to characterize a particle beam in order to allow intercomparison of different experiments performed using different ions at the same facility and using the same ion at different facilities. METHODS At the request of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), a special panel was convened to review the current status of the field and to provide suggested metrics for reporting the physical parameters of particle beams to be used for biological research. A set of physical parameters and measurements that should be performed by facilities and understood and reported by researchers supported by NCI to perform pre-clinical radiobiology and medical physics of heavy ions were generated. RESULTS Standard measures such as radiation delivery technique, beam modifiers used, nominal energy, field size, physical dose and dose rate should all be reported. However, more advanced physical measurements, including detailed characterization of beam quality by microdosimetric spectrum and fragmentation spectra, should also be established and reported. Details regarding how such data should be incorporated into Monte Carlo simulations and the proper reporting of simulation details are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS In order to allow for a clear relation of physical parameters to biological effects, facilities and researchers should establish and report detailed physical characteristics of the irradiation beams utilized including both standard and advanced measures. Biological researchers are encouraged to actively engage facility staff and physicists in the design and conduct of experiments. Modeling individual experimental setups will allow for the reporting of the uncertainties in the measurement or calculation of physical parameters which should be routinely reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Durante
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung and Technische Universität Darmstadt, Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Planckstraße 1, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Paganetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Arnold Pompos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Stephen F Kry
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Medical Physics, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China
| | - David R Grosshans
- Departments of Radiation and Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
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18
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Low temperature thermoluminescence anomaly of LiF:Mg,Cu,P radiation detectors exposed to 1H and 4He ions. RADIAT MEAS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Parisi A, Van Hoey O, Vanhavere F. MICRODOSIMETRIC MODELING OF THE RELATIVE LUMINESCENCE EFFICIENCY OF LiF:Mg,Ti (MTS) DETECTORS EXPOSED TO CHARGED PARTICLES. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2018; 180:192-195. [PMID: 29036395 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncx188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A microdosimetric model has been developed to predict the relative efficiency of luminescent detectors for measuring different radiation qualities. The model has been tested for LiF:Mg,Ti (MTS) detectors exposed to charged particles from 1H to 132Xe in the energy range 3-1000 MeV/u. The obtained results have been compared with experimental data present in literature showing very good agreement in case of calculations performed in a site size of 40 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Parisi
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Boeretang 200, Mol, Belgium
| | - Olivier Van Hoey
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Boeretang 200, Mol, Belgium
| | - Filip Vanhavere
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Boeretang 200, Mol, Belgium
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20
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Thermoluminescent response of differently doped lithium magnesium phosphate (LiMgPO4, LMP) crystals to protons, neutrons and alpha particles. RADIAT MEAS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Ambrožová I, Brabcová KP, Kubančák J, Šlegl J, Tolochek RV, Ivanova OA, Shurshakov VA. Cosmic radiation monitoring at low-Earth orbit by means of thermoluminescence and plastic nuclear track detectors. RADIAT MEAS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Comparative radiation measurements in the Russian segment of the International Space Station by applying passive dosimeters. RADIAT MEAS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Parisi A, Van Hoey O, Mégret P, Vanhavere F. The influence of the dose assessment method on the LET dependence of the relative luminescence efficiency of LiF:Mg,Ti and LiF:Mg,Cu,P. RADIAT MEAS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Study of photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of BaAl2O4 (Eu2+, Dy3+) phosphor synthesized by solution combustion method. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Chang W, Koba Y, Fukuda S, Wakabayashi G, Saitoh H, Shinsho K. Absorbed dose estimation using LET dependence in glow curve of thermoluminescent phosphor Li 3B 7O 12:Cu in therapeutic carbon beams. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2016.1181010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weishan Chang
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashi-Ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Koba
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Fukuda
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Genichiro Wakabayashi
- Atomic Energy Research Institute, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka-shi, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Saitoh
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashi-Ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
| | - Kiyomitsu Shinsho
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashi-Ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
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26
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Bilski P, Matthiä D, Berger T. Influence of cosmic radiation spectrum and its variation on the relative efficiency of LiF thermoluminescent detectors – Calculations and measurements. RADIAT MEAS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2016.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Sądel M, Bilski P, Swakoń J, Weber A. Evaluation of the relative TL efficiency of the thermoluminescent detectors to heavy charged particles. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2016; 168:27-32. [PMID: 25656042 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The relative thermoluminescence efficiency, η, is in general not constant but depends on ionisation density. Evaluation of the η is therefore important especially for correct interpretation of measurements of densely ionising radiation doses in proton radiotherapy or in space dosimetry. The correct determination of the η is not always straightforward especially when more strongly ionising radiation is to be measured. In the present work, the process of calculation of the η based on two kinds of heavy charged particles was studied. Several factors which may influence the value of the η and their significance for the final result were discussed. These include for example non-uniform deposition of the dose within the detector volume, self-attenuation of thermoluminescent light, choice of the reference radiation, etc. The presented approach was applied to the experimental results of η of LiF:Mg,Ti detectors irradiated with two kinds of heavy charged particles, protons and alpha particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sądel
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow PL-31342, Poland
| | - P Bilski
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow PL-31342, Poland
| | - J Swakoń
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow PL-31342, Poland
| | - A Weber
- Charite-Universtatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Protonen am Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin 14109, Germany
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Sądel M, Bilski P, Swakoń J, Rydygier M, Horwacik T, Weber A. Comparative investigations of the relative thermoluminescent efficiency of LiF detectors to protons at different proton therapy facilities. RADIAT MEAS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Zhang X, Chen L, Luo P, Ju Y, Zhang H, Ma F, Ge H, Zhang Y, Wan B, Li Y, Xu X, Mao W. TL response of LiF:Mg,Cu,P (GR200A and GR207A) exposed to high-energy 12C ions. RADIAT MEAS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Hajek M. Developments and trends in bioequivalent dosimetry. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2015; 164:65-69. [PMID: 25183836 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncu265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Significant progress in radiobiology has refined the understanding of radiation-induced biological response at the cellular level and challenged the conventional application of a macroscopic description of radiation action to dosimetry in favour of a microscopic approach. Pioneering experiments, which investigated the stochastics of energy deposition from ionising radiations in volumes of cellular dimensions, contributed to the recognition of microdosimetry as a new scientific discipline. The first quantitative applications of Monte Carlo track structure simulations in radiobiology, however, supported evidence for target sizes of particular biological importance being in the nanometre regime. Bioequivalent dosimetry attempts to link particular features of the response of physical detectors with biological endpoints, exploiting clusters of multiple ionisations within nanometre scales in solid-state, gas- and water-filled devices. This approach supports the continued development of new concepts and quantities in radiation protection to permit evaluation of the biological effectiveness of radiations of different quality independently of dose and dose rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hajek
- Radiation Safety Technical Services Unit, Division of Radiation, Transport and Waste Safety, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1400, Austria
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31
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32
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Dependence of the thermoluminescent high-temperature ratio (HTR) of LiF:Mg,Ti detectors on proton energy and dose. RADIAT MEAS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2014.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Puchalska M, Bilski P, Berger T, Hajek M, Horwacik T, Körner C, Olko P, Shurshakov V, Reitz G. NUNDO: a numerical model of a human torso phantom and its application to effective dose equivalent calculations for astronauts at the ISS. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2014; 53:719-27. [PMID: 25119442 PMCID: PMC4206298 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-014-0560-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of cosmic radiation on astronauts need to be precisely quantified and controlled. This task is important not only in perspective of the increasing human presence at the International Space Station (ISS), but also for the preparation of safe human missions beyond low earth orbit. From a radiation protection point of view, the baseline quantity for radiation risk assessment in space is the effective dose equivalent. The present work reports the first successful attempt of the experimental determination of the effective dose equivalent in space, both for extra-vehicular activity (EVA) and intra-vehicular activity (IVA). This was achieved using the anthropomorphic torso phantom RANDO(®) equipped with more than 6,000 passive thermoluminescent detectors and plastic nuclear track detectors, which have been exposed to cosmic radiation inside the European Space Agency MATROSHKA facility both outside and inside the ISS. In order to calculate the effective dose equivalent, a numerical model of the RANDO(®) phantom, based on computer tomography scans of the actual phantom, was developed. It was found that the effective dose equivalent rate during an EVA approaches 700 μSv/d, while during an IVA about 20 % lower values were observed. It is shown that the individual dose based on a personal dosimeter reading for an astronaut during IVA results in an overestimate of the effective dose equivalent of about 15 %, whereas under an EVA conditions the overestimate is more than 200 %. A personal dosemeter can therefore deliver quite good exposure records during IVA, but may overestimate the effective dose equivalent received during an EVA considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Puchalska
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342, Kraków, Poland,
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34
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Koba Y, Shinsho K, Tamatsu S, Fukuda S, Wakabayashi G. Thermoluminescent responses of Li3B7O12:Cu to proton beam. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2014; 161:437-440. [PMID: 24759914 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncu140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A thermoluminescent (TL) phosphor Li3B7O12:Cu was irradiated by a proton beam at NIRS-HIMAC in Japan. Irradiation was performed at different water-equivalent depths using range shifters made of polymethyl methacrylate. The thermoluminescent responses of Li3B7O12:Cu were analysed, focusing on the TL efficiency and glow curve. The irradiated samples were heated from room temperature to 200°C at 0.16°C s(-1). The high-temperature area of the glow curve under proton irradiation changed in comparison with that under (60)Co gamma-ray irradiation. The relative TL efficiency of the main peak slightly varied between 0.8 and 1.1. The relationship between the relative TL efficiency of the main peak and the high-temperature area ratio (HTR) value, the relative TL ratio of the main peak to the high-temperature area, showed approximate linearity for proton dosimetry. Using correction based on the HTR method, the TL phosphor Li3B7O12:Cu can become a useful dosimetric tool for therapeutic proton beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Koba
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1, Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - K Shinsho
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashi-Ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
| | - S Tamatsu
- Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - S Fukuda
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1, Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - G Wakabayashi
- Kinki University Atomic Energy Research Institute, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka-shi, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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35
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Sądel M, Bilski P, Swakoń J. Relative TL and OSL efficiency to protons of various dosimetric materials. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2014; 161:112-115. [PMID: 24036656 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nct217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) are the well-known phenomena used for passive methods of dose measurements. TL and OSL detectors are frequently used in the dosimetry of cosmic radiation in space and of particle radiotherapy beams. However, the relative TL/OSL efficiency, which is defined as a ratio of the emitted light intensity per unit dose for a given radiation type, to the same quantity for the reference gamma radiation is not constant and depends on radiation type and energy. In the present work several types of TL and OSL dosimetric materials, including lithium fluoride (LiF), aluminium oxide, beryllium oxide and lithium aluminate, were tested with protons. The measurements were realised exploiting the 60-MeV proton beam of the AIC-144 cyclotron in the Proton Eye Radiotherapy Facility at Institute of Nuclear Physics (IFJ PAN). The influence of proton energy on the relative efficiency and other TL/OSL characteristics of the studied detector types was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sądel
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow 31-342, Poland
| | - P Bilski
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow 31-342, Poland
| | - J Swakoń
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Radzikowskiego 152, Krakow 31-342, Poland
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36
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Tessa CL, Berger T, Kaderka R, Schardt D, Burmeister S, Labrenz J, Reitz G, Durante M. Characterization of the secondary neutron field produced during treatment of an anthropomorphic phantom with x-rays, protons and carbon ions. Phys Med Biol 2014; 59:2111-25. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/59/8/2111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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37
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Berger T, Bilski P, Hajek M, Puchalska M, Reitz G. The MATROSHKA experiment: results and comparison from extravehicular activity (MTR-1) and intravehicular activity (MTR-2A/2B) exposure. Radiat Res 2013; 180:622-37. [PMID: 24252101 DOI: 10.1667/rr13148.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Astronauts working and living in space are exposed to considerably higher doses and different qualities of ionizing radiation than people on Earth. The multilateral MATROSHKA (MTR) experiment, coordinated by the German Aerospace Center, represents the most comprehensive effort to date in radiation protection dosimetry in space using an anthropomorphic upper-torso phantom used for radiotherapy treatment planning. The anthropomorphic upper-torso phantom maps the radiation distribution as a simulated human body installed outside (MTR-1) and inside different compartments (MTR-2A: Pirs; MTR-2B: Zvezda) of the Russian Segment of the International Space Station. Thermoluminescence dosimeters arranged in a 2.54 cm orthogonal grid, at the site of vital organs and on the surface of the phantom allow for visualization of the absorbed dose distribution with superior spatial resolution. These results should help improve the estimation of radiation risks for long-term human space exploration and support benchmarking of radiation transport codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Berger
- a Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany
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38
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Sądel M, Bilski P, Swakoń J, Ptaszkiewicz M, Boberek M, Olko P. Relative thermoluminescent efficiency of LiF detectors for proton radiation: Batch variability and energy dependence. RADIAT MEAS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2013.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Polaczek-Grelik K, Kozłowska B, Dybek M, Obryk B, Ciba A. Assessment of radiation exposure outside the radiotherapeutic room during medical accelerator beam emission with the use of TL detectors (radiation exposure outside a LINAC room). RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2013; 156:268-276. [PMID: 23554424 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nct077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Photon and neutron soft tissue absorbed doses near the entrance door to the medical LINAC treatment room were measured with the use of thermoluminescent detectors LiF:Mg,Cu,P in the anthropomorphic phantom. Two different therapeutic beams (6 and 15 MV) and four treatment techniques were involved in the present study. This allowed one to investigate the contribution of scattered X rays, secondary neutrons and gamma rays to the radiation field. Photon absorbed dose rates 50 cm away from the LINAC room door during emission of 15-MV X rays varied between 4.1×10(-4) and 5.6×10(-4) Gy h(-1), depending on the gantry position and the irradiation field size, whereas in the case of 6-MV therapeutic irradiation these doses are ∼1.5 times lower. In the case of 15-MV beam emission, a mixed radiation field near the bunker door is observed with the photon radiation as the main component, which includes a 33.1 % contribution of the induced gamma radioactivity and ∼2.1 % contribution of the neutron radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Polaczek-Grelik
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, Katowice 40-007, Poland
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40
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Evaluation of the relative thermoluminescence efficiency of LiF:Mg,Ti and LiF:Mg,Cu,P TL detectors to low-energy heavy ions. RADIAT MEAS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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41
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Kaderka R, Schardt D, Durante M, Berger T, Ramm U, Licher J, La Tessa C. Out-of-field dose measurements in a water phantom using different radiotherapy modalities. Phys Med Biol 2012; 57:5059-74. [PMID: 22836598 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/57/16/5059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This investigation focused on the characterization of the lateral dose fall-off following the irradiation of the target with photons, protons and carbon ions. A water phantom was irradiated with a rectangular field using photons, passively delivered protons as well as scanned protons and carbon ions. The lateral dose profile in the depth of the maximum dose was measured using an ion chamber, a diamond detector and thermoluminescence detectors TLD-600 and TLD-700. The yield of thermal neutrons was estimated for all radiation types while their complete spectrum was measured with bubble detectors during the irradiation with photons. The peripheral dose delivered by photons is significantly higher compared to both protons and carbon ions and exceeds the latter by up to two orders of magnitude at distances greater than 50 mm from the field. The comparison of passive and active delivery techniques for protons shows that, for the chosen rectangular target shape, the former has a sharper penumbra whereas the latter has a lower dose in the far-out-of-field region. When comparing scanning treatments, carbon ions present a sharper dose fall-off than protons close to the target but increasing peripheral dose with increasing incident energy. For photon irradiation, the contribution to the out-of-field dose of photoneutrons appears to be of the same order of magnitude as the scattered primary beam. Charged particles show a clear supremacy over x-rays in achieving a higher dose conformality around the target and in sparing the healthy tissue from unnecessary radiation exposure. The out-of-field dose for x-rays increases with increasing beam energy because of the production of biologically harmful neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kaderka
- Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
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42
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Horowitz YS, Siboni D, Oster L, Livingstone J, Guatelli S, Rosenfeld A, Emfietzoglou D, Bilski P, Obryk B. Alpha particle and proton relative thermoluminescence efficiencies in LiF:Mg,Cu,P:is track structure theory up to the task? RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2012; 150:359-374. [PMID: 22042968 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncr406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Low-energy alpha particle and proton heavy charged particle (HCP) relative thermoluminescence (TL) efficiencies are calculated for the major dosimetric glow peak in LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP-N) in the framework of track structure theory (TST). The calculations employ previously published TRIPOS-E Monte Carlo track segment values of the radial dose in condensed phase LiF calculated at the Instituto National de Investigaciones Nucleares (Mexico) and experimentally measured normalised (60)Co gamma-induced TL dose-response functions, f(D), carried out at the Institute of Nuclear Physics (Poland). The motivation for the calculations is to test the validity of TST in a TL system in which f(D) is not supralinear (f(D) >1) and is not significantly dependent on photon energy contrary to the behaviour of the dose-response of composite peak 5 in the glow curve of LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100). The calculated HCP relative efficiencies in LiF:MCP-N are 23-87% lower than the experimentally measured values, indicating a weakness in the major premise of TST which exclusively relates HCP effects to the radiation action of the secondary electrons liberated by the HCP slowing down. However, an analysis of the uncertainties involved in the TST calculations and experiments (i.e. experimental measurement of f(D) at high levels of dose, sample light self-absorption and accuracy in the estimation of D(r), especially towards the end of the HCP track) indicate that these may be too large to enable a definite conclusion. More accurate estimation of sample light self-absorption, improved measurements of f(D) and full-track Monte Carlo calculations of D(r) incorporating improvements of the low-energy electron transport are indicated in order to reduce uncertainties and enable a final conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Horowitz
- Physics Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel.
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43
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La Tessa C, Berger T, Kaderka R, Schardt D, Körner C, Ramm U, Licher J, Matsufuji N, Vallhagen Dahlgren C, Lomax T, Reitz G, Durante M. Out-of-field dose studies with an anthropomorphic phantom: comparison of X-rays and particle therapy treatments. Radiother Oncol 2012; 105:133-8. [PMID: 22575675 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Characterization of the out-of-field dose profile following irradiation of the target with a 3D treatment plan delivered with modern techniques. METHODS An anthropomorphic RANDO phantom was irradiated with a treatment plan designed for a simulated 5 × 2 × 5 cm(3) tumor volume located in the center of the head. The experiment was repeated with all most common radiation treatment types (photons, protons and carbon ions) and delivery techniques (Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy, passive modulation and spot scanning). The measurements were performed with active diamond detector and passive thermoluminescence (TLD) detectors to investigate the out-of-field dose both inside and outside the phantom. RESULTS The highest out-of-field dose values both on the surface and inside the phantom were measured during the treatment with 25 MV photons. In the proximity of the Planned Target Volume (PTV), the lowest lateral dose profile was observed for passively modulated protons mainly because of the presence of the collimator in combination with the chosen volume shape. In the far out-of-field region (above 100mm from the PTV), passively modulated ions were characterized by a less pronounced dose fall-off in comparison with scanned beams. Overall, the treatment with scanned carbon ions delivered the lowest dose outside the target volume. CONCLUSIONS For the selected PTV, the use of the collimator in proton therapy drastically reduced the dose deposited by ions or photons nearby the tumor. Scanning modulation represents the optimal technique for achieving the highest dose reduction far-out-of-field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara La Tessa
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany.
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44
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Variability characteristics of the HTTL to dosimetry peaks ratio in LiF:Mg,Ti. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Mysteries of LiF TLD response following high ionization density irradiation: Glow curve shapes, dose response, the unified interaction model and modified track structure theory. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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46
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Bilski P, Berger T, Hajek M, Reitz G. Comparison of the response of various TLDs to cosmic radiation and ion beams: Current results of the HAMLET project. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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47
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48
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49
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Abd El-Hafez AI, Maghraby A. Impact of reading pre-irradiation background signal on the post-irradiation glow curves of thermoluminescence dosimeters. Appl Radiat Isot 2011; 69:1533-9. [PMID: 21724407 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to their sensitivity, signal reproducibility and stability, lithium fluoride thermoluminescence dosimeters are widely used in many applications. It was noticed that post-irradiation glow curves of LiF dosimeters that had undergone pre-irradiation background dose measurements dramatically differed from the curves of dosimeters irradiated without such preliminary measurements. Three types of dosimeters were studied in this respect, namely, TLD-700, TLD-600, and TLD-100. Impact of pre-irradiation background measurements on the glow curve areas, peak positions, and individual peak intensities were investigated using computerized glow curve analysis. Similarities in the behavior of the dosimeters of all three types were found. Areas of the glow peaks P₂a, P₃, P₄, P₅, and P₆ increased. Peak P₃ grew most significantly, followed by P₂, and P₅. Also, one of the common features was a shift of T(max) of P₅ to higher temperatures. Pre-irradiation background readings increase the total area of the glow curve in general and affect relative intensities and positions of specific peaks, which changes the shape of the glow curve. It is strongly recommended to perform pre-irradiation background measurements for all LiF-based dosimeters regardless of the values of the background doses relative to the radiation doses to be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Abd El-Hafez
- Radiation Dosimetry Department, National Institute for Standards (NIS), Ministry of Scientific Research, Haram, Giza, Egypt
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50
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Horowitz Y, Fuks E, Datz H, Oster L, Livingstone J, Rosenfeld A. Mysteries of LiF TLD response following high ionisation density irradiation: nanodosimetry and track structure theory, dose response and glow curve shapes. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2011; 145:356-372. [PMID: 21106636 PMCID: PMC3145381 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncq381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Three outstanding effects of ionisation density on the thermoluminescence (TL) mechanisms giving rise to the glow peaks of LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) are currently under investigation: (1) the dependence of the heavy charged particle (HCP) relative efficiency with increasing ionisation density and the effectiveness of its modelling by track structure theory (TST), (2) the behaviour of the TL efficiency, f(D), as a function of photon energy and dose. These studies are intended to promote the development of a firm theoretical basis for the evaluation of relative TL efficiencies to assist in their application in mixed radiation fields. And (3) the shape of composite peak 5 in the glow curve for various HCP types and energies and following high-dose electron irradiation, i.e. the ratio of the intensity of peak 5a to peak 5. Peak 5a is a low-temperature satellite of peak 5 arising from electron-hole capture in a spatially correlated trapping centre/luminescent centre (TC/LC) complex that has been suggested to possess a potential as a solid-state nanodosemeter due to the preferential electron/hole population of the TC/LC at high ionisation density. It is concluded that (1) the predictions of TST are very strongly dependent on the choice of photon energy used in the determination of f(D); (2) modified TST employing calculated values of f(D) at 2 keV is in agreement with 5-MeV alpha particle experimental results for composite peak 5 but underestimates the 1.5-MeV proton relative efficiencies. Both the proton and alpha particle relative TL efficiencies of the high-temperature TL (HTTL) peaks 7 and 8 are underestimated by an order of magnitude suggesting that the HTTL efficiencies are affected by other factors in addition to radial electron dose; (3) the dose-response supralinearity of peaks 7 and 8 change rapidly with photon energy: this behaviour is explained in the framework of the unified interaction model as due to a very strong dependence on photon energy of the relative intensity of localised recombination and (4) the increased width and decrease in T(max) of composite peak 5 as a function of ionisation density is due to the greater relative intensity of peak 5a (a low-temperature component of peak 5 arising from two-energy transfer events, which leads to localised recombination).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Horowitz
- Physics Department, Ben Gurion University, Beersheva, Israel.
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