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Wang L, Ye X, Liu J. Effects of pharmaceutical and personal care products on pubertal development: Evidence from human and animal studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123533. [PMID: 38341062 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) include a wide range of drugs, personal care products and household chemicals that are produced and used in significant quantities. The safety of PPCPs has become a growing concern in recent decades due to their ubiquitous presence in the environment and potential risks to human health. PPCPs have been detected in various human biological samples, including those from children and adolescents, at concentrations ranging from several ng/L to several thousand μg/L. Epidemiological studies have shown associations between exposure to PPCPs and changes in the timing of puberty in children and adolescents. Animal studies have shown that exposure to PPCPs results in advanced or delayed pubertal onset. Mechanisms by which PPCPs regulate pubertal development include alteration of the hypothalamic kisspeptin and GnRH networks, disruption of steroid hormones, and modulation of metabolic function and epigenetics. Gaps in knowledge and further research needs include the assessment of environmental exposure to pharmaceuticals in children and adolescents, low-dose and long-term effects of exposure to PPCPs, and the modes of action of PPCPs on pubertal development. In summary, this comprehensive review examines the potential effects of exposure to PPCPs on pubertal development based on evidence from human and animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linping Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoqing Ye
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Ohmukai H, Negura T, Tachibana S, Ohta R. Genetic variation in low-dose effects of neonatal DES exposure in female rats. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 73:322-327. [PMID: 28734970 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To confirm genetic variation in low-dose effects of diethylstilbestrol (DES), two inbred strains of rats, which have been selectively bred for high- and low-avoidance learning (HAA and LAA, respectively), were used in this study. LAA rats characteristically show later sexual maturation, earlier reproductive senescence, and lower body weight as compared to HAA rats. Female neonates of each strain were daily administered DES by oral gavage at doses of 0 (vehicle only), 0.05 and 0.5μg/kg for the first 5days after birth. As a result, early onset of abnormal estrous cycles was observed during the same period in HAA and LAA rats treated with 0.5μg/kg. However, accelerated puberty and excessive body weight gains were observed only in LAA rats treated with 0.05 and 0.5μg/kg. These results suggest that the effects of neonatal DES exposure vary with the genetic background of the female rats used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Ohmukai
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano Kanagawa, 257-8523, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Negura
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano Kanagawa, 257-8523, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Tachibana
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano Kanagawa, 257-8523, Japan
| | - Ryo Ohta
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano Kanagawa, 257-8523, Japan.
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Ichimura R, Takahashi M, Morikawa T, Inoue K, Kuwata K, Usuda K, Yokosuka M, Watanabe G, Yoshida M. Neonatal exposure to SERMs disrupts neuroendocrine development and postnatal reproductive function through alteration of hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons in female rats. Neurotoxicology 2016; 56:64-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ohta R, Kumagai F, Marumo H, Usumi K, Saito Y, Kuwagata M. Stress-reactive rats (high-avoidance female rats) have a shorter lifespan than stress-nonreactive rats (low-avoidance female rats). J Toxicol Pathol 2015; 29:77-84. [PMID: 27182111 PMCID: PMC4866005 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2015-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Hatano high-avoidance and low-avoidance rats (HAA and LAA, respectively) have been selectively bred for good versus poor avoidance learning, HAA rats are known to be more reactive to stress than LAA rats. In this study, HAA and LAA female rats were compared during reproductive aging by observing estrous cycles from 8 to 11 months of age. Furthermore, these rats were allowed to live out their natural lifespans, that is, until 24 months of age, in order to compare their survival and to clarify the relationship between reproductive aging and tumor development. At eight months of age, 2 of 35 HAA rats and 20 of 35 LAA rats had abnormal estrous cycles. The median lifespan of the HAA rats (673 days) was shorter than that of the LAA rats (733 days). The incidence of pituitary neoplasia was higher in the HAA rats than in the LAA rats. These results suggest that HAA female rats (i.e., stress-reactive rats) have a shorter lifespan than LAA female rats (i.e., stress-nonreactive rats) and develop pituitary neoplasia, which was one of the causal factors in their accelerated mortality. However, the onset of an age-matched abnormal cycle did not correspond with their lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ohta
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Kumagai
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
| | - Hideki Marumo
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
| | - Kenji Usumi
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Saito
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
| | - Makiko Kuwagata
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
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Ichimura R, Takahashi M, Morikawa T, Inoue K, Kuwata K, Usuda K, Yokosuka M, Watanabe G, Yoshida M. The Critical Hormone-Sensitive Window for the Development of Delayed Effects Extends to 10 Days after Birth in Female Rats Postnatally Exposed to 17alpha-Ethynylestradiol1. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:32. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.129650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Prior attenuation of KiSS1/GPR54 signaling in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus is a trigger for the delayed effect induced by neonatal exposure to 17alpha-ethynylestradiol in female rats. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 51:145-56. [PMID: 25615539 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal exposure to 17alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE) causes delayed effect, a late-occurring irreversible damage to reproductive functions characterized by the early onset of age-matched abnormal estrous cycling. To clarify the involvement of a hypothalamic key cycling regulator KiSS1/GPR54 in the delayed effect, we investigated artificially induced LH surges and KiSS1 mRNA expression in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) of cycling young adult rats neonatally exposed to EE, and compared these parameters to those in about 5 months old middle-aged rats. KiSS1 mRNA expression, the number of KiSS1-positive cells and KiSS1/ERα co-expressing cells in the AVPV decreased in both EE-exposed and middle-aged rats. The peak area and levels of LH surge dose-dependently decreased in EE-exposed rats, and reduction was more evident in middle-aged rats. These results indicate that the prior attenuation of KiSS1 and consequent depression of LH surges plays a key role in the onset of abnormal estrous cycling in the delayed effect.
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Shirota M, Kawashima J, Nakamura T, Kamiie J, Shirota K, Yoshida M. Dose-dependent acceleration in the delayed effects of neonatal oral exposure to low-dose 17α-ethynylestradiol on reproductive functions in female Sprague-Dawley rats. J Toxicol Sci 2015; 40:727-38. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.40.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Shirota
- Laboratory of Comparative Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Jun Kawashima
- Laboratory of Comparative Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine
| | | | | | - Kinji Shirota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Azabu University
- Research Institute of Biosciences, Azabu University
| | - Midori Yoshida
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences
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Ohta R, Ohmukai H, Toyoizumi T, Shindo T, Marumo H, Ono H. Ovarian dysfunction, obesity and pituitary tumors in female mice following neonatal exposure to low-dose diethylstilbestrol. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 50:145-51. [PMID: 25450423 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, we found that early life exposure to low-dose diethylstilbestrol (DES) induced early onset of spontaneous abnormalities in estrus cycle and shortened survival in female Sprague-Dawley rats. In order to confirm the repeatability of the previous study, neonates of C57BL/6J mice were orally administered DES at doses of 0.005, 0.05, 0.5 and 5 μg/kg/day, and the aging of their reproductive function was observed. As a result, delayed toxicity on ovarian function was found in females treated with 0.5 μg/kg/day of DES. Concomitantly, the females in the 0.05 μg/kg/day of DES, or greater, groups, had increased body weights and, in the 0.5 μg/kg/day of DES, or greater, groups, had developed pituitary tumors, which were causal factors in their accelerated mortality. Thus, we found that early life exposure to low-dose DES induced early onset of spontaneous abnormalities in estrus cycle not only in female rats but also in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ohta
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan.
| | - Hideo Ohmukai
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Toyoizumi
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shindo
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
| | - Hideki Marumo
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ono
- Hatano Research Institute, Food and Drug Safety Center, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257-8523, Japan
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Usuda K, Nagaoka K, Nozawa K, Zhang H, Taya K, Yoshida M, Watanabe G. Neonatal exposure to 17α-ethinyl estradiol affects kisspeptin expression and LH-surge level in female rats. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76:1105-10. [PMID: 24784441 PMCID: PMC4155190 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Contamination of estrogenic
compounds disrupts endocrinological and neurological reproductive systems in animals.
Neonatal exposure to 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE) induced an abnormal estrous cycle at
postnatal day (PND) 180, but not at PND90. We found that serum level of luteinizing
hormone (LH) at the latter half of proestrus in EE-treated rats was lower than in the
controls at PND90 when there was no significant difference on estrous cyclicity.
Additionally, kiss1 mRNA levels in the anteroventral periventricular
nucleus-preoptic area (AVPV/POA) were lower in EE-treated rats than in the controls. The
expression of GnRH precursor (GNRH1) mRNA in the AVPV/POA and that of LH
beta subunit (LHb) mRNA in the pituitary were similar in the control- and
EE-treated groups. Our results indicated that neonatal exposure to EE leads to reduced
expression of kiss1 mRNA in AVPV/POA and LH-surge, which is likely
related to the delayed reproductive dysfunction seen in adult female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Usuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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