1
|
Gao J, Li C, Wang X, Sun X, Zhang R, chen C, Yu M, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Chen J. Oridonin attenuates lung inflammation and fibrosis in silicosis via covalent targeting iNOS. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
|
2
|
Abdelrahman RS, Shawky NM. Trimetazidine, a metabolic modulator, attenuates silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis and decreases lactate levels and LDH activity in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23071. [PMID: 35403780 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis has been recently linked to metabolic dysregulation. Silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats was employed by the current study to explore the effects of trimetazidine (a metabolic modulator-antianginal drug; TMZ) on silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced by intranasal instillation of silica (50 mg/100 µl/rat) in TMZ versus vehicle-treated rats. Body weights of rats, weights of lungs, and wet-to-dry lung weights were determined. Various parameters were also measured in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in addition to lung tissue homogenates. Moreover, histopathological examination of sectioned lungs for lesion score and distribution and histochemical detection of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in lung tissues were also performed. No significant differences were observed in body weight gains, lung coefficients, lung weights, and wet-to-dry lung weight in silica versus control rats. Elevated lactate levels in serum and lung homogenates were significantly attenuated by TMZ. In addition, lactate dehydrogenase activity, transforming growth factor-β, and total proteins in BALF were significantly normalized with TMZ. Moreover, TMZ significantly increased reduced glutathione and adenosine triphosphate levels and decreased nitrate/nitrite and hydroxyproline content in lungs of silica-treated rats. Histopathological examination of lungs revealed more than 56% reduction in lesion score and distribution by TMZ. MPO expression in lungs of silica-treated rats was also significantly attenuated by TMZ. TMZ attenuates silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis, an effect that could be mediated by suppressing anaerobic glycolysis-induced excessive lactate production. Regulation of oxidative stress could also play a role in TMZ-promoted protective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rehab S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Noha M Shawky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao Q, Hao C, Wei J, Huang R, Li C, Yao W. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting apoptosis and pyroptosis but not autophagy in rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 216:112181. [PMID: 33848736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on silica-induced lung fibrosis in a rat model. Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, silica group, and BMSC group (n = 10 rats per group). BMSCs were injected successively into rats on the 14th, 28th, and 42nd days after silica exposure. All rats were sacrificed 56 days after silica exposure. We detected the pathological and fibrotic changes, apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis in their lung tissue by histopathological examination, hydroxyproline content assays, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions, western blot assays, immunohistochemistry staining, immunofluorescence staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We found that BMSCs significantly relieved lung inflammatory infiltrates, collagen deposition, hydroxyproline content, and the mRNA and protein levels of collagen 1 and fibronectin. Compared to the silica group, in the BMSC group, apoptosis-associated proteins, including cleaved caspase 3 and Bax, were significantly downregulated, and Bcl-2/Bax was significantly upregulated; pyroptosis-related proteins, including Nlrp3, cleaved caspase 1, IL-1β, and IL-18, were significantly reduced. However, the BMSCs had no significant impact on autophagy-related proteins, including Beclin 1, P62, and LC3. In summary, BMSCs protected lung tissue against severe fibrosis by inhibiting apoptosis and pyroptosis but not autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Changfu Hao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Ruoxuan Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bujan A, Alonso SDV, Chiaramoni NS. Lipopolymers and lipids from lung surfactants in association with N-acetyl-l-cysteine: Characterization and cytotoxicity. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 231:104936. [PMID: 32589880 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we obtained polymeric diacetylene liposomes that can associate N-Acetyl-l-Cysteine (NAC), a broad spectrum mucolytic. The reason for studying these formulations is that they could be applied in the future as NAC delivery systems, with a possible dose reduction but maintaining its effect. Liposomes used herein are obtained by a photopolymerization reaction, thus gaining stability and rigidity. Lipids belonging to lung surfactant were added in different ratios to the formulations in order to maximize its possible interaction with the lung tissue. Because of lipopolymer stability, the oral or nasal route could be appropriated. This formulation could efficiently transport NAC to exert its mucolytic activity and help in diseases such as cystic fibrosis, which has abnormal mucus production. Also, this type of treatment could be useful in other types of diseases, interacting with the mucus layer and making the lung tissue more permeable to other therapies. Formulations so obtained presented high levels of polymerization. Also, they present small hollow fibers structures with a high number of polymeric units. These types of arrangements could present advantages in the field of drug delivery, giving the possibility of a controlled release. Lipopolymers with lipids from lung surfactant associated with NAC are promising complexes in order to treat not only respiratory illnesses. The stability of the formulation would allow its inoculation through other routes such as the oral one, helping the reposition of NAC as an antioxidant drug. Finally, these formulations are non-toxic and easy to produce.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Bujan
- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Laboratorio de Bio-Nanotecnología, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Grupo de Biología Estructural y Biotecnología (GBEyB), IMBICE (CONICET CCT-La Plata), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Del Valle Alonso
- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Laboratorio de Bio-Nanotecnología, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Grupo de Biología Estructural y Biotecnología (GBEyB), IMBICE (CONICET CCT-La Plata), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nadia S Chiaramoni
- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Laboratorio de Bio-Nanotecnología, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Grupo de Biología Estructural y Biotecnología (GBEyB), IMBICE (CONICET CCT-La Plata), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Silva LHA, Silva MC, Vieira JB, Lima ECD, Silva RC, Weiss DJ, Morales MM, Cruz FF, Rocco PRM. Magnetic targeting increases mesenchymal stromal cell retention in lungs and enhances beneficial effects on pulmonary damage in experimental silicosis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:1244-1256. [PMID: 32538526 PMCID: PMC7519769 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a pneumoconiosis caused by inhaled crystalline silica microparticles, which trigger inflammatory responses and granuloma formation in pulmonary parenchyma, thus affecting lung function. Although systemic administration of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) ameliorates lung inflammation and attenuates fibrosis in experimental silicosis, it does not reverse collagen deposition and granuloma formation. In an attempt to improve the beneficial effects of MSCs, magnetic targeting (MT) has arisen as a potential means of prolonging MSC retention in the lungs. In this study, MSCs were incubated with magnetic nanoparticles and magnets were used for in vitro guidance of these magnetized MSCs and to enhance their retention in the lungs in vivo. In vitro assays indicated that MT improved MSC transmigration and expression of chemokine receptors. In vivo, animals implanted with magnets for 48 hours had significantly more magnetized MSCs in the lungs, suggesting improved MSC retention. Seven days after magnet removal, silicotic animals treated with magnetized MSCs and magnets showed significant reductions in static lung elastance, resistive pressure, and granuloma area. In conclusion, MT is a viable technique to prolong MSC retention in the lungs, enhancing their beneficial effects on experimentally induced silicosis. MT may be a promising strategy for enhancing MSC therapies for chronic lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa H A Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health - NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana B Vieira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emilia C D Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Renata C Silva
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Marcelo M Morales
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Cruz
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health - NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health - NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Introduction: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to improve lung function and survival in chronic inflammatory lung diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and silicosis.Areas covered: This review covers rationale for the use of MSC therapy, along with preclinical studies and clinical trials with MSC therapy in chronic lung diseases.Expert opinion: MSC therapy holds promise for the treatment of chronic lung diseases, mainly when administered at early stages. In clinical trials, MSC administration was safe, but associated with limited effects on clinical outcomes. Further studies are required to elucidate unresolved issues, including optimal MSC source and dose, route of administration, and frequency (single vs. multiple-dose regimens). A better understanding of the mechanisms of MSC action, local microenvironment of each disease, and development of strategies to potentiate the beneficial effects of MSCs may improve outcomes.
Collapse
|
7
|
Effects of Different Doses of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Functional Recovery After Compressive Spinal-Cord Injury in Mice. Neuroscience 2019; 400:17-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
8
|
Sato T, Shimosato T, Klinman DM. Silicosis and lung cancer: current perspectives. LUNG CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2018; 9:91-101. [PMID: 30498384 PMCID: PMC6207090 DOI: 10.2147/lctt.s156376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
"Silica" refers to crystalline particles formed by the combination of silicon with oxygen. Inhalation of silica particles promotes the development of pulmonary fibrosis that over prolonged periods increases the risk of lung cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified crystalline silica as a human carcinogen in 1997. This categorization was questioned due to 1) the absence of dose-response findings, 2) the presence of confounding variables that complicated interpretation of the data and 3) potential selection bias for compensated silicosis. Yet, recent epidemiologic studies strongly support the conclusion that silica exposure increases the risk of lung cancer in humans independent of confounding factors including cigarette smoke. Based on this evidence, the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) lowered the occupational exposure limit for crystalline silica from 0.1 to 0.05 mg/m3 in 2013. Further supporting the human epidemiologic data, murine models show that chronic silicosis is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. In animals, the initial inflammation induced by silica exposure is followed by the development of an immunosuppressive microenvironment that supports the growth of lung tumors. This work will review our current knowledge of silica-associated lung cancers, highlighting how recent mechanistic insights support the use of cutting-edge approaches to diagnose and treat silica-related lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sato
- Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimosato
- Department of Interdisciplinary Genome Sciences and Cell Metabolism, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Dennis M Klinman
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Clinical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapeutics for Inflammatory Lung Diseases. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7100355. [PMID: 30322213 PMCID: PMC6210470 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is currently thought that extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, play an important autocrine/paracrine role in intercellular communication. EVs package proteins, mRNA and microRNA (miRNA), which have the ability to transfer biological information to recipient cells in the lungs. Depending on their origin, EVs fulfil different functions. EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been found to promote therapeutic activities that are comparable to MSCs themselves. Recent animal model-based studies suggest that MSC-derived EVs have significant potential as a novel alternative to whole-cell therapies. Compared to their parent cells, EVs may have a superior safety profile and can be stored without losing function. It has been observed that MSC-derived EVs suppress pro-inflammatory processes and reduce oxidative stress, pulmonary fibrosis and remodeling in a variety of in vivo inflammatory lung disease models by transferring their components. However, there remain significant challenges to translate this therapy to the clinic. From this view point, we will summarize recent studies on EVs produced by MSCs in preclinical experimental models of inflammatory lung diseases. We will also discuss the most relevant issues in bringing MSC-derived EV-based therapeutics to the clinic for the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases.
Collapse
|
10
|
Bandeira E, Oliveira H, Silva JD, Menna-Barreto RFS, Takyia CM, Suk JS, Witwer KW, Paulaitis ME, Hanes J, Rocco PRM, Morales MM. Therapeutic effects of adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and their extracellular vesicles in experimental silicosis. Respir Res 2018; 19:104. [PMID: 29843724 PMCID: PMC5975461 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0802-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicosis is an occupational disease that affects workers who inhale silica particles, leading to extensive lung fibrosis and ultimately causing respiratory failure. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to exert therapeutic effects in lung diseases and represent an alternative treatment for silicosis. Recently, it has been suggested that similar effects can be achieved by the therapeutic use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) obtained from MSCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adipose-tissue-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) or their EVs in a model of silicosis. METHODS Silicosis was induced by intratracheal instillation of silica in C57BL/6 mice. After the onset of disease, animals received saline, AD-MSCs, or EVs, intratracheally. RESULTS At day 30, AD-MSCs and EVs led to a reduction in collagen fiber content, size of granuloma, and in the number of macrophages inside granuloma and in the alveolar septa. In addition, the expression levels of interleukin 1β and transforming growth factor beta in the lungs were decreased. Higher dose of EVs also reduced lung static elastance when compared with the untreated silicosis group. CONCLUSIONS Both AD-MSCs and EVs, locally delivered, ameliorated fibrosis and inflammation, but dose-enhanced EVs yielded better therapeutic outcomes in this model of silicosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elga Bandeira
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Helena Oliveira
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Johnatas D Silva
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Christina M Takyia
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jung S Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth W Witwer
- Departments of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology and Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael E Paulaitis
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Morales
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G1-55, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Silva LHA, Antunes MA, Dos Santos CC, Weiss DJ, Cruz FF, Rocco PRM. Strategies to improve the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stromal cells in respiratory diseases. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:45. [PMID: 29482654 PMCID: PMC5828113 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0802-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antimicrobial, and antifibrotic properties, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been considered a promising alternative for treatment of respiratory diseases. Nevertheless, even though MSC administration has been demonstrated to be safe in clinical trials, to date, few studies have shown evidence of MSC efficacy in respiratory diseases. The present review describes strategies to enhance the beneficial effects of MSCs, including preconditioning (under hypoxia, oxidative stress, heat shock, serum deprivation, and exposure to inflammatory biological samples) and genetic manipulation. These strategies can variably promote increases in MSC survival rates, by inducing expression of cytoprotective genes, as well as increase MSC potency by improving secretion of reparative factors. Furthermore, these strategies have been demonstrated to enhance the beneficial effects of MSCs in preclinical lung disease models. However, there is still a long way to go before such strategies can be translated from bench to bedside.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa H A Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão-, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mariana A Antunes
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão-, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, Vermont Lung Center, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA
| | - Fernanda F Cruz
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão-, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão-, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil. .,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Machado MN, Mazzoli-Rocha F, Casquilho NV, Maron-Gutierrez T, Ortenzi VH, Morales MM, Fortunato RS, Zin WA. Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cell Therapy in Papain-Induced Experimental Pulmonary Emphysema. Front Physiol 2018. [PMID: 29515461 PMCID: PMC5826278 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Murine papain-induced emphysema is a model that reproduces many of the features found in patients. Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMC) have already been used to repair the alveolar epithelium in respiratory diseases, but not in the papain model. Thus, we hypothesized that BMMC could prevent the pathophysiological processes in papain-induced experimental emphysema. Female BALB/c mice received intratracheal instillation of 50 μL of saline (S groups) or papain (P groups, 10 IU/50 μl of saline) on days 1 and 7 of the experimental protocol. On the 14th day, 2 × 106 BMMC of male BALB/c mice (SC21 and PC21) or saline (SS21 and PS21) were injected by the jugular vein. Analyses were done on days 14 (S14 and P14) and 21 (SS21, PS21, SC21, and PC21) of the protocol. qPCR evaluated the presence of the Y chromosome in the lungs of BMMC recipient animals. Functional residual capacity (FRC), alveolar diameter, cellularity, elastic fiber content, concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-2, KC, IFN-γ, apoptosis, mRNA expression of the dual oxidase (DUOX1 and DUOX2), production of H2O2 and DUOX activity were evaluated in lung tissue. We did not detect the Y chromosome in recipients' lungs. FRC, alveolar diameter, polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and levels of KC, MIP-2, and IFN-γ increased in P14 and PS21 groups; the changes in the latter were reverted by BMMC. TNF-α, IL-1β e IL-6 were similar in all groups. The amount of elastic fibers was smaller in P14 and PS21 than in other groups, and BMMC did not increase it in PC21 mice. PS21 animals showed increased DUOX activity and mRNA expression for DUOX1 and 2. Cell therapy reverted the activity of DUOX and mRNA expression of DUOX1. BMMC reduced mRNA expression of DUOX2. Apoptosis index was elevated in PS21 mice, which was reduced by cell therapy in PC21. Static compliance, viscoelastic component of elastance and pressure to overcome viscoelasticity were increased in P14 and PS21 groups. These changes and the high resistive pressure found on day 21 were reverted by BMMC. In conclusion, BMMC showed potent anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and restorative roles in papain-triggered pulmonary emphysema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana N Machado
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flavia Mazzoli-Rocha
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natália V Casquilho
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Victor H Ortenzi
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Morales
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Fortunato
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Walter A Zin
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cruz FF, Rocco PRM. Stem-cell extracellular vesicles and lung repair. Stem Cell Investig 2017; 4:78. [PMID: 29057250 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2017.09.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Four out of the ten leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide are lung diseases. Despite advances in comprehending the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in these disorders, for several respiratory diseases, there is still no effective treatment able to stop their natural history or reverse the morphological and functional damage they cause. In this context, recent research has supported a potential role of cell therapy for lung diseases and critical illness. The anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and microbicidal effects of stem cells are mainly attributed to their secretome, which contains proteins, lipids, microRNAs, and mRNAs. These are secreted in the conditioned medium and are also present in extracellular vesicles (EVs). This review will provide a detailed discussion of the role of EVs produced by mesenchymal stromal cells in preclinical experimental models of pulmonary disorders and critical illness, as well as in ongoing clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda F Cruz
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, and National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, and National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Silicosis is the most common pneumoconiosis globally, with higher prevalence and incidence in developing countries. To date, there is no effective treatment to halt or reverse the disease progression caused by silica-induced lung injury. Significant advances have to be made in order to reduce morbidity and mortality related to silicosis. In this review, we have highlighted the main mechanisms of action that cause lung damage by silica particles and summarized the data concerning the therapeutic promise of cell-based therapy for silicosis.
Collapse
|
15
|
Morales MM, Souza SAL, Loivos LP, Lima MA, Szklo A, Vairo L, Brunswick THK, Gutfilen B, Lopes-Pacheco M, Araújo AJ, Cardoso AP, Goldenberg RC, Rocco PRM, Fonseca LMB, Lapa e Silva JR. Pilot safety study of intrabronchial instillation of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells in patients with silicosis. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15:66. [PMID: 26059242 PMCID: PMC4461899 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silicosis is an occupational disease for which no effective treatment is currently known. Systemic administration of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMDMCs) has shown to be safe in lung diseases. However, so far, no studies have analyzed whether bronchoscopic instillation of autologous BMDMCs is a safe route of administration in patients with silicosis. Methods We conducted a prospective, non-randomized, single-center longitudinal study in five patients. Inclusion criteria were age 18–50 years, chronic and accelerated silicosis, forced expiratory volume in 1 s <60 % and >40 %, forced vital capacity ≥60 % and arterial oxygen saturation >90 %. The exclusion criteria were smoking, active tuberculosis, neoplasms, autoimmune disorders, heart, liver or renal diseases, or inability to undergo bronchoscopy. BMDMCs were administered through bronchoscopy (2 × 107 cells) into both lungs. Physical examination, laboratory evaluations, quality of life questionnaires, computed tomography of the chest, lung function tests, and perfusion scans were performed before the start of treatment and up to 360 days after BMDMC therapy. Additionally, whole-body and planar scans were evaluated 2 and 24 h after instillation. Results No adverse events were observed during and after BMDMC administration. Lung function, quality of life and radiologic features remained stable throughout follow-up. Furthermore, an early increase of perfusion in the base of both lungs was observed and sustained after BMDMC administration. Conclusion Administration of BMDMCs through bronchoscopy appears to be feasible and safe in accelerated and chronic silicosis. This pilot study provides a basis for prospective randomized trials to assess the efficacy of this treatment approach. Clinical trials.gov identifier NCT01239862 Date of Registration: November 10, 2010
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo M Morales
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, da Saude Science Center, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Sérgio A L Souza
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Paulo Loivos
- Institute of Thoracic Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marina A Lima
- Institute of Thoracic Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Amir Szklo
- Institute of Thoracic Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Vairo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Taís H K Brunswick
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Bianca Gutfilen
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, da Saude Science Center, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Alberto J Araújo
- Institute of Thoracic Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre P Cardoso
- Institute of Thoracic Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Regina C Goldenberg
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Lea M B Fonseca
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - José R Lapa e Silva
- Institute of Thoracic Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Antunes MA, Laffey JG, Pelosi P, Rocco PRM. Mesenchymal stem cell trials for pulmonary diseases. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115:1023-32. [PMID: 24515922 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
All adult tissues, including the lung, have some capacity to self-repair or regenerate through the replication and differentiation of stem cells resident within these organs. While lung resident stem cells are an obvious candidate cell therapy for lung diseases, limitations exist regarding our knowledge of the biology of these cells. In contrast, there is considerable interest in the therapeutic potential of exogenous cells, particularly mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), for lung diseases. Bone marrow derived-MSCs are the most studied cell therapy for these diseases. Preclinical studies demonstrate promising results using MSCs for diverse lung disorders, including emphysema, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, fibrosis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. This mini-review will summarize ongoing clinical trials using MSCs in lung diseases, critically examine the data supporting their use for this purpose, and discuss the next steps in the translational pathway for MSC therapy of lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A Antunes
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Infusion of bone marrow mononuclear cells reduces lung fibrosis but not inflammation in the late stages of murine silicosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109982. [PMID: 25299237 PMCID: PMC4192548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that infusion of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) in the late stages of silica-induced damage would reduce the remodelling process in a murine model of silicosis. C57BL/6 mice were assigned to 2 groups. In the SIL group, mice were instilled with a silica particle suspension intratracheally. Control (C) mice received saline under the same protocol. On the 40th day, some of the animals from both groups were killed. The others were treated with either saline or BMMCs (1×106cells) intravenously (C+BMMC and SIL+BMMC), and the mice were killed 70 days after the start of the protocol. In the mice in the SIL+BMMC group, collagen deposition, the presence of silica particles inside nodules, the presence of macrophages and cells reactive for inducible nitric oxide synthase were reduced. Lung parameters also improved. Beyond that, the total and differential cellularity of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, immunoexpression of transforming growth factor-β, the number of T regulatory cells and apoptosis were increased. However, the presence of male donor cells in lung tissue was not observed using GFP+ cells (40d) or Y chromosome DNA (70d). Therefore, BMMC therapy in the late stages of experimental silicosis improved lung function by diminishing fibrosis but inflammatory cells persisted, which could be related to expansion of T regulatory cells, responsible for the beneficial effects of cell therapy.
Collapse
|
18
|
Stem cells, cell therapies, and bioengineering in lung biology and diseases. Comprehensive review of the recent literature 2010-2012. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014; 10:S45-97. [PMID: 23869446 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201304-090aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A conference, "Stem Cells and Cell Therapies in Lung Biology and Lung Diseases," was held July 25 to 28, 2011 at the University of Vermont to review the current understanding of the role of stem and progenitor cells in lung repair after injury and to review the current status of cell therapy and ex vivo bioengineering approaches for lung diseases. These are rapidly expanding areas of study that provide further insight into and challenge traditional views of mechanisms of lung repair after injury and pathogenesis of several lung diseases. The goals of the conference were to summarize the current state of the field, to discuss and debate current controversies, and to identify future research directions and opportunities for basic and translational research in cell-based therapies for lung diseases. The goal of this article, which accompanies the formal conference report, is to provide a comprehensive review of the published literature in lung regenerative medicine from the last conference report through December 2012.
Collapse
|
19
|
Machado MN, Schmidt AC, Saldiva PHN, Faffe DS, Zin WA. Pulmonary functional and morphological damage after exposure to tripoli dust. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2014; 196:17-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
20
|
Lee EH, Lee EJ, Kim HJ, Jang AS, Koh ES, Uh ST, Kim YH, Park SW, Park CS. Overexpression of apolipoprotein A1 in the lung abrogates fibrosis in experimental silicosis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55827. [PMID: 23409054 PMCID: PMC3568133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhalation of silica particles induces silicosis, an inflammatory and fibrotic lung disease characterized by the early accumulation of macrophages and neutrophils in the airspace and subsequent appearance of silicotic nodules as a result of progressive fibrosis. This study evaluated whether apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) protects against ongoing fibrosis and promotes the resolution of established experimental lung silicosis. Crystallized silica was intratracheally administered to 6- to 8-week-old transgenic mice expressing human ApoA1 in their alveolar epithelial cells (day 0). ApoA1 was overexpressed beginning on day 7 (ApoA1_D7 group) or day 15 (ApoA1_D15 group). The mice were sacrificed on day 30 for an evaluation of lung histology; the measurement of collagen, transforming growth factor-b1 and lipoxin A4; and a TUNEL assay for apoptotic cells. The ApoA1_D7 and D15 groups showed significant reductions in the silica-induced increase in inflammatory cells, silicotic nodule area, and collagen deposition compared with the silica-treated ApoA1 non-overexpressing mice. The level of transforming growth factor-b1 decreased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, whereas lipoxin A4 was increased in the ApoA1_D7 and D15 groups compared with the silica-treated ApoA1 non-overexpressing mice. The silica-induced increase in the number of apoptotic cells was significantly reduced in the lungs of mice overexpressing ApoA1. Overexpression of ApoA1 decreased silica-induced lung inflammation and fibrotic nodule formation. The restoration of lipoxin A4 may contribute to the protective effect of ApoA1 overexpression against silica-induced lung fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun hee Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abreu SC, Antunes MA, Maron-Gutierrez T, Cruz FF, Ornellas DS, Silva AL, Diaz BL, Ab'Saber AM, Capelozzi VL, Xisto DG, Morales MM, Rocco PRM. Bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy in experimental allergic asthma: intratracheal versus intravenous administration. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2012; 185:615-24. [PMID: 23164835 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the route of administration would impact the beneficial effects of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell (BMDMC) therapy on the remodelling process of asthma. C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to two main groups. In the OVA group, mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin, while the control group received saline using the same protocol. Twenty-four hours before the first challenge, control and OVA animals were further randomized into three subgroups to receive saline (SAL), BMDMCs intravenously (2×10(6)), or BMDMCs intratracheally (2×10(6)). The following changes were induced by BMDMC therapy in OVA mice regardless of administration route: reduction in resistive and viscoelastic pressures, static elastance, eosinophil infiltration, collagen fibre content in airways and lung parenchyma; and reduction in the levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, transforming growth factor-β and vascular endothelial growth factor. In conclusion, BMDMC modulated inflammatory and remodelling processes regardless of administration route in this experimental model of allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraia C Abreu
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vasconcelos-dos-Santos A, Rosado-de-Castro PH, Lopes de Souza SA, da Costa Silva J, Ramos AB, Rodriguez de Freitas G, Barbosa da Fonseca LM, Gutfilen B, Mendez-Otero R. Intravenous and intra-arterial administration of bone marrow mononuclear cells after focal cerebral ischemia: Is there a difference in biodistribution and efficacy? Stem Cell Res 2012; 9:1-8. [PMID: 22445868 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravascular delivery of cells has been increasingly used in stroke models and clinical trials. We compared the biodistribution and therapeutic effects of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) delivered by intra-arterial (IA) or intravenous (IV) injection after cortical ischemia. For the biodistribution analyses, BMMCs were labeled with (99m)Technetium ((99m)Tc). At 2 h, gamma-well counting of the brain and of the other organs evaluated did not show differences between the non-ischemic and ischemic groups or between injection routes, and the organs with the highest uptake were the liver and lungs, with low uptake in the brain. At 24 h, the liver maintained the highest activity, and a marked decrease was seen in pulmonary uptake in all groups. At this time point, although the activity in the brain remained low, the lesioned hemisphere showed greater homing than the contralateral hemisphere, for both the IV and IA ischemic groups. Histological analysis by CellTrace labeling indicated similar homing between both routes in the peri-infarct region 24 h after transplantation and functional recovery was observed in both groups up to 11 weeks after the lesion. In conclusion, transplantation of BMMCs by IA or IV routes may lead to similar brain homing and therapeutic efficacy after experimental stroke.
Collapse
|
23
|
Mechanisms of cellular therapy in respiratory diseases. Intensive Care Med 2011; 37:1421-31. [PMID: 21656291 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-011-2268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stem cells present a variety of clinical implications in the lungs. According to their origin, these cells can be divided into embryonic and adult stem cells; however, due to the important ethical and safety limitations that are involved in the embryonic stem cell use, most studies have chosen to focus on adult stem cell therapy. This article aims to present and clarify the recent advances in the field of stem cell biology, as well as to highlight the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in the context of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic disorders such as lung fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS For this purpose, we performed a critical review of adult stem cell therapies, covering the main clinical and experimental studies published in Pubmed databases in the past 11 years. Different characteristics were extracted from these articles, such as: the experimental model, strain, cellular type and administration route used as well as the positive or negative effects obtained. RESULTS There is evidence for beneficial effects of MSC on lung development, repair, and remodeling. The engraftment in the injured lung does not occur easily, but several studies report that paracrine factors can be effective in reducing inflammation and promoting tissue repair. MSC releases several growth factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines that regulate endothelial and epithelial permeability and reduce the severity of inflammation. CONCLUSION A better understanding of the mechanisms that control cell division and differentiation, as well as of their paracrine effects, is required to enable the optimal use of bone marrow-derived stem cell therapy to treat human respiratory diseases.
Collapse
|