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González F, Montoya O, Rosenbaum S. Exercise and Schizophrenia. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 39120811 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder that affects millions of people worldwide and has a profound impact on various aspects of life, including physical activity. The relationship between schizophrenia and physical activity is an area of growing interest in medical and health research from a physical, mental, and psychosocial health perspective. Physical activity and structured exercise have been identified as promising interventions to improve physical and psychological health outcomes of people living with schizophrenia. This chapter provides a brief overview that explores various aspects of the relationship between physical activity, exercise, and schizophrenia. The impact of schizophrenia on human movement is discussed, along with an overview of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness levels in adults with schizophrenia. Additionally, the influence of exercise interventions on physical and psychological outcomes will be discussed, along with current physical activity recommendations for those living with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Montoya
- Escuela Colombiana de Rehabilitación, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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2
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Castro Monteiro F, de Oliveira Silva F, Josiane Waclawovsky A, Ferreira JVA, de Jesus-Moraleida FR, Schuch FB, Ward PB, Rosenbaum S, Morell R, Carneiro L, Camaz Deslandes A. Physical activity and sedentary behavior levels among individuals with mental illness: A cross-sectional study from 23 countries. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301583. [PMID: 38669303 PMCID: PMC11051624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
People with mental illness tend to present low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary behavior. The study aims to compare these levels in mental illness patients, exploring the role of socioeconomic development and treatment setting. This cross-sectional study used accelerometers and the Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ) to assess physical activity and sedentary behavior in mental illness individuals living in 23 countries. Two-way ANOVAs were used to evaluate the interaction between socioeconomic development and the treatment settings on physical activity and sedentary behavior. A total of 884 (men = 55.3%) participants, mean age of 39.3 (SD = 12.8), were evaluated. A significant interaction between socioeconomic development and treatment settings was found in sedentary behavior (F = 5.525; p = 0.019; η2p = 0.009; small effect size). Main effects were observed on socioeconomic development (F = 43.004; p < 0.001; η2p = 0.066; medium effect size) and treatment setting (F = 23.001; p < 0.001; η2p = 0.036; small effect size) for sedentary behavior and physical activity: socioeconomic development (F = 20.888; p < 0.001; η2p = 0.033; small effect size) and treatment setting (F = 30.358; p < 0.001; η2p = 0.047; small effect size), showing that HIC patients were more active, while MIC patients were more sedentary. Moreover, despite of inpatients had presented higher levels of physical activity than outpatients, they also spent more time sitting. Socioeconomic development plays an important role in sedentary behavior in patients with mental disorders, warning the need to develop new strategies to reduce these levels in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aline Josiane Waclawovsky
- Psychiatry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | - Felipe Barreto Schuch
- Psychiatry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Philip B. Ward
- School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, Australia and Schizophrenia Research Unit, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, Australia and Schizophrenia Research Unit, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Morell
- Mindgardens Neuroscience Network, Sydney Australia Discipline of Mental Health and Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lara Carneiro
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Onwumere J, Stubbs B, Stirling M, Shiers D, Gaughran F, Rice AS, C de C Williams A, Scott W. Pain management in people with severe mental illness: an agenda for progress. Pain 2022; 163:1653-1660. [PMID: 35297819 PMCID: PMC9393797 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Onwumere
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Psychosis Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Stirling
- Involvement Register Member of South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Service User Member of Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Mind and Body Expert Advisory Group, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
- Patient Governor of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Shiers
- Psychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Gaughran
- National Psychosis Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S.C. Rice
- Pain Research Group, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda C de C Williams
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Whitney Scott
- Health Psychology Section, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- INPUT Pain Management Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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4
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Broughan J, McCombe G, Lim J, O'Keeffe D, Brown K, Clarke M, Corcoran C, Hanlon D, Kelly N, Lyne J, McGorry P, O' Brien S, O' Connor K, O' Mahony K, Scott S, Wycherley E, Cullen W. Keyworker mediated enhancement of physical health in patients with first episode psychosis: A feasibility/acceptability study. Early Interv Psychiatry 2022; 16:883-890. [PMID: 34716662 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Early intervention for people experiencing first episode psychosis is a priority, and keyworkers are vital to such services. However, keyworkers' roles in addressing first episode psychosis patients' physical health are under researched. This study addresses this knowledge gap by evaluating a keyworker-mediated intervention promoting physical health among first episode psychosis patients. METHODS The study was informed by the Medical Research Council's Framework for Complex Interventions to Improve Health. First episode psychosis participants were recruited from three Irish mental health services. The intervention was evaluated in terms of its feasibility/acceptability. RESULTS Feasibility outcomes were mixed (recruitment rate = 24/68 [35.3%]; retention rate = 18/24 [75%]). The baseline sample was predominantly male (M:F ratio = 13:6; Med age = 25 y; IQR = 23-42 y). Common health issues among participants included overweightness/obesity (n = 11) and substance use (smoking/alcohol consumption [n = 19]). Participants' initial health priorities included exercising more (n = 10), improving diet (n = 6), weight loss (n = 7) and using various health/healthcare services. The intervention's acceptability was evidenced by the appreciation participants had for physical health keyworkers' support, as well as the healthy lifestyle, which the intervention promoted. Acceptability was somewhat compromised by a low-recruitment rate, variable linkages between keyworkers and general practitioners (GPs) and COVID-19 restrictions. CONCLUSIONS Physical health-oriented keyworker interventions for first episode psychosis patients show promise and further evaluation of such initiatives is warranted. Future interventions should be mindful of participant recruitment challenges, strategies to enhance relationships between keyworkers and GPs, and if necessary, they should mitigate COVID-19 restrictions' impacts on care.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Broughan
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Geoff McCombe
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Jayleigh Lim
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Donal O'Keeffe
- DETECT Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | | | - Mary Clarke
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland.,DETECT Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Ciarán Corcoran
- Longford Westmeath Mental Health Service, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - David Hanlon
- Health Service Executive, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Ned Kelly
- Health Service Executive, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - John Lyne
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland.,Wicklow Mental Health Services, Wicklow, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Patrick McGorry
- Center for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Orygen Youth Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Karen O' Connor
- Cork University Hospital, Health Services Executive, Cork, Munster, Ireland
| | - Karen O' Mahony
- Cork Kerry Mental Health Services, Health Service Executive South, Munster, Ireland
| | - Seamus Scott
- Longford Westmeath Mental Health Service, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Wycherley
- Cork Kerry Mental Health Services, Health Service Executive South, Munster, Ireland
| | - Walter Cullen
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
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5
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Liu Z, Zhang Y, Sun L, Wang J, Xia L, Yang Y, Sun F, Li W, Yao X, Yang R, Liu H. Physical activity levels associated with insomnia and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1045398. [PMID: 36683978 PMCID: PMC9852857 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1045398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous evidence suggested that physical activity had beneficial effects on psychopathological symptoms, insomnia, or depressive symptoms in people with schizophrenia. This study investigated the association between physical activity levels and insomnia and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients with chronic schizophrenia (CS). METHODS 179 participants were enrolled. We used the 30-item Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-30) to assess the psychopathological symptoms. We used the Insomnia Severity Index scale (ISI) and 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) to evaluate insomnia and depressive symptoms. Daily physical activity time less than 30 min, within 30-60 min, and more than 60 min were defined as physical inactivity, moderate physical activity, and vigorous physical activity, respectively. The Chi-square test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Mann-Whitney U-test were applied for categorical, continuous, and non-normal distribution variables, respectively. The Pearson or Spearman's correlation analyses were utilized to examine the association between physical activity levels, ISI total scores, HAMD total scores, and socio-demographic and clinical variables. Finally, socio-demographic variables with a P-value < 0.05 in the comparison between insomnia/depressive group and non-insomnia/depressive group were considered for inclusion in binary logistic regression analysis to determine the relationship between physical activity levels and insomnia or depressive symptoms. RESULTS The ISI total scores (r = -0.247, P = 0.001) and HAMD total scores (r = -0.312, P < 0.001) were negatively correlated with physical activity levels. Logistic regression analysis revealed that older age, higher depressive factor scores, and lower physical activity level were influential factors of insomnia symptoms in CS patients (P < 0.05). In addition, vigorous physical activity (compared with physical inactivity) and higher negative and depressive factor scores were independently associated with depressive symptoms in CS patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Physical activity levels were influential factors in comorbid insomnia and depressive symptoms in CS patients. Given the benefits of physical activity, it should be strengthened as a routine adjunct to clinical treatment or psychiatric care so as to improve the physical and mental health of patients with psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chengdu Fourth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yating Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Xianhu Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Ma'anshan Fourth People's Hospital, Ma'anshan, China
| | - Rongchun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
| | - Huanzhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Cross-Sectional Descriptive Pilot Study on the Risk of Psychotic Disorders among Adolescents. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8100916. [PMID: 34682181 PMCID: PMC8534931 DOI: 10.3390/children8100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Adolescence is a key stage for the development of different mental disorders, particularly psychotic disorders. This stage of life is accompanied by new habits or behaviours that can make a person more vulnerable to developing a psychotic disorder or, on the contrary, play a protective role. Objective: To study the vulnerability to developing a psychotic disorder in adolescents and to analyse the main risk factors. Materials and methods: This is an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The data collection was conducted using the Prodromal Questionnaire Brief Version (PQ-B) test and a self-developed questionnaire based on the vulnerability–stress model. Results: Of the total sample (n = 44), 65.9% were male and 100% lived in a rural environment. In general, among risk factors (stress, alcohol and cannabis consumption, history, bullying, traumatic event and sedentary lifestyle), alcohol consumption and the presence of stress were found to have high values. Furthermore, a risk of psychosis was found in 38.6% of the studied population. Of this percentage of adolescents at risk, 64.7% consumed alcohol (p = 0.99) and 82.4% suffered from stress (p = 0.7161). The protective factor (physical activity) was found in more than half (59% p = 0.16). Conclusions: There is a high risk of psychosis among the young adolescents assessed in this study, where the explanatory factors identified with higher values were alcohol consumption and the presence of stress.
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Martin Ginis KA, van der Ploeg HP, Foster C, Lai B, McBride CB, Ng K, Pratt M, Shirazipour CH, Smith B, Vásquez PM, Heath GW. Participation of people living with disabilities in physical activity: a global perspective. Lancet 2021; 398:443-455. [PMID: 34302764 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01164-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 1·5 billion people worldwide live with a physical, mental, sensory, or intellectual disability, about 80% of which are in low-income and middle-income countries. This Series paper provides a global overview of the prevalence, benefits, and promotion policies for physical activity for people living with disabilities (PLWD). PLWD are 16-62% less likely to meet physical activity guidelines and are at higher risk of serious health problems related to inactivity than people without disabilities. Meta-analyses have shown that physical activity has beneficial effects on cardiovascular fitness (average standardised mean difference [SMD] 0·69 [95% CI 0·31-1·01]), musculoskeletal fitness (0·59 [0·31-0·87]), cardiometabolic risk factors (0·39 [0·04-0·75]), and brain and mental health outcomes (0·47 [0·21-0·73]). These meta-analyses also show that health benefits can be achieved even with less than 150 min of physical activity per week, and suggest that some physical activity is better than none. Meta-analyses of interventions to increase physical activity for PLWD have reported effect sizes ranging from SMD 0·29 (95% CI 0·17-0·41, k=10) to 1·00 (0·46-1·53, k=10). There is increasing awareness among policy makers of the needs of PLWD for full participation in physical activity. Physical activity action plans worldwide must be adequately resourced, monitored, and enforced to truly advance the fundamental rights of PLWD to fully participate in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A Martin Ginis
- Department of Medicine and Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management and International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Development, and Reichwald Health Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
| | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Charlie Foster
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Byron Lai
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Kwok Ng
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland; Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Michael Pratt
- Institute for Public Health and Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Celina H Shirazipour
- Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brett Smith
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Priscilla M Vásquez
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gregory W Heath
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA
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8
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Aghababa A, Zamani Sani SH, Rohani H, Nabilpour M, Badicu G, Fathirezaie Z, Brand S. No Evidence of Systematic Change of Physical Activity Patterns Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic and Related Mood States Among Iranian Adults Attending Team Sports Activities. Front Psychol 2021; 12:641895. [PMID: 33935895 PMCID: PMC8079653 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.641895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To cope with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic health authorities released social restrictions. Such social restrictions impacted on the people's possibilities to move deliberately in a public space and to gather with other people. In the present study, we investigated the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions ("confinement") on physical activity (PA) patterns before and during the confinement among team sports participants. Such PA patterns were further related to current mood states, and possible sex differences were also explored. Methods: A total of 476 adults exercising team sport (football, futsal, volleyball, handball, and basketball; mean age: 24.66 years; 48.1% females) completed a series of self-rating questionnaires covering sociodemographic information, former and current PA patterns, and current mood states. Results: Compared with the period before the confinement, PA intensity decreased, but PA frequency increased during the confinement. Past, current, and changes in physical activity patterns were unrelated to participants' mood states. Sex differences in mood were spurious. Sex differences in physical activity patterns were modest, with male participants reporting a higher physical activity intensity during the confinement. Conclusions: The present pattern of results suggests that the COVID-19-related confinement did not impact in a uniform fashion on PA patterns of adults attending team sports. Furthermore, mood states were unrelated to current physical activity patterns. Given the complex psychosocial situation of COVID-19-related confinement, it appeared very unlikely that sole physical activity patterns could counterbalance possible impaired states of mood and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Aghababa
- Department of Sport Psychology, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hojjat Zamani Sani
- Department of Motor Behavior, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Rohani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maghsoud Nabilpour
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - Zahra Fathirezaie
- Motor Behavior Faculty, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Serge Brand
- Division of Sport Science, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Adult Psychiatric Clinics (UPKE), Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Substance Use Prevention Research Center and Sleep Disorder Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Lim J, McCombe G, Harrold A, Brown K, Clarke M, Hanlon D, Hennessy L, O'Brien S, Lyne J, Corcoran C, McGorry P, Cullen W. The role of key workers in improving physical health in first episode psychosis: A scoping review. Early Interv Psychiatry 2021; 15:16-33. [PMID: 32134195 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Studies have demonstrated that a majority of the decline in health status and functioning emerges during the first few years following the onset of psychosis. This knowledge led to the development of specialized early intervention services (EIS) targeting patients experiencing their first episode of psychosis (FEP). The central component of EIS is often assertive case management delivered by a multidisciplinary team, where an appointed key worker is responsible for coordinating treatment and delivering various psychosocial interventions to service users. The aim of this scoping review was to examine how key workers can enhance the physical health outcomes in people with FEP by addressing the factors associated with increased mortality in this population. METHODS The scoping review framework comprised a five-stage process developed by Arksey and O'Malley. The search process was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. RESULTS A total of 27 studies conducted across 10 countries were analysed. These studies discussed the various ways in which key workers can mediate enhancements in the various factors contributing to the increased mortality rates in FEP patients. CONCLUSIONS A broad range of key worker-mediated outcomes was identified, which were broadly classified into three themes: influences on lifestyle, influences on effects of psychosis and influences on organizational barriers. Our findings suggest that key workers primarily mediated the amelioration of psychosis-induced effects and the reduction of organizational barriers. Further trials of key worker interventions to enhance physical health outcomes in this cohort are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John Lyne
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,North Dublin Mental Health Services, Dublin, Ireland
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10
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Davarinejad O, Mohammadi Majd T, Golmohammadi F, Mohammadi P, Radmehr F, Alikhani M, Motaei T, Moradinazar M, Brühl A, Sadeghi Bahmani D, Brand S. Identification of Risk Factors to Predict the Occurrences of Relapses in Individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder in Iran. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020546. [PMID: 33440817 PMCID: PMC7827717 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder (SSD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder with a modest treatment outcome. In addition, relapses are commonplace. Here, we sought to identify factors that predict relapse latency and frequency. To this end, we retrospectively analyzed data for individuals with SSD. Medical records of 401 individuals with SSD were analyzed (mean age: 25.51 years; 63.6% males) covering a five-year period. Univariate and multivariate Penalized Likelihood Models with Shared Log-Normal Frailty were used to determine the correlation between discharge time and relapse and to identify risk factors. A total of 683 relapses were observed in males, and 422 relapses in females. The Relapse Hazard Ratio (RHR) decreased with age (RHR = 0.99, CI: (0.98–0.998)) and with participants’ adherence to pharmacological treatment (HR = 0.71, CI: 0.58–0.86). In contrast, RHR increased with a history of suicide attempts (HR = 1.32, CI: 1.09–1.60), and a gradual compared to a sudden onset of disease (HR = 1.45, CI: 1.02–2.05). Gender was not predictive. Data indicate that preventive and therapeutic interventions may be particularly important for individuals who are younger at disease onset, have a history of suicide attempts, have experienced a gradual onset of disease, and have difficulties adhering to medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omran Davarinejad
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran; (O.D.); (M.A.)
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851451, Iran; (T.M.M.); (F.G.); (P.M.); (F.R.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Tahereh Mohammadi Majd
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851451, Iran; (T.M.M.); (F.G.); (P.M.); (F.R.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Farzaneh Golmohammadi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851451, Iran; (T.M.M.); (F.G.); (P.M.); (F.R.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Payam Mohammadi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851451, Iran; (T.M.M.); (F.G.); (P.M.); (F.R.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Farnaz Radmehr
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851451, Iran; (T.M.M.); (F.G.); (P.M.); (F.R.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Mostafa Alikhani
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran; (O.D.); (M.A.)
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851451, Iran; (T.M.M.); (F.G.); (P.M.); (F.R.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Tayebeh Motaei
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851451, Iran; (T.M.M.); (F.G.); (P.M.); (F.R.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851451, Iran; (T.M.M.); (F.G.); (P.M.); (F.R.); (T.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Annette Brühl
- Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.B.); (D.S.B.)
| | - Dena Sadeghi Bahmani
- Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.B.); (D.S.B.)
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran
- Departments of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35209, USA
| | - Serge Brand
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran; (O.D.); (M.A.)
- Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.B.); (D.S.B.)
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran
- Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
- Correspondence:
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11
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Gao H, Luo C, Tu SJ, Lu RP, Jiang LN, Qiao HJ, Lin Q, Li NN, Chen JH. The Effect of Yijinjing on the Cognitive Function of Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:739364. [PMID: 34744830 PMCID: PMC8564041 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.739364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with chronic schizophrenia present cognitive impairment, which affects their social function and prevents them from reintegrating into society. Yijinjing is a traditional Chinese aerobic exercise that has a putative psychosomatic effect on improving cognitive function. Methods: From January to May 2021, 40 patients with chronic schizophrenia were recruited and randomly divided into a control group and a Yijinjing group. In the 12-week intervention, the patients in the control group received conventional treatment, whereas patients in the Yijinjing group performed Yijinjing exercise (40 min/session, twice a week) in addition to receiving conventional treatment. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Insight and Treatment Attitude Questionnaire (ITAQ), the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES), and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to measure clinical symptoms and cognitive function at 0, 6, and 12 weeks. Results: The demographic information was not significantly different between groups. At baseline, the scores of all the scales were not statistically different between groups. After 12 weeks of intervention, compared to those at baseline, the scores of the negative scale (t = 19.00, p < 0.0001), general psychopathology scale (t = 15.98, p < 0.0001), and total score (t = 15.47, p < 0.0001) of the PANSS and SES (t = 5.378, p < 0.0001) had significantly decreased, and the scores of the ITAQ (t = 7.984, p < 0.0001) and MMSE (t = 6.750, p < 0.0001) had significantly increased in Yijinjing group; the score of the MMSE increased in the control group as well (t = 2.491, p = 0.0222). Compared to the respective scores in the control group, the negative scale score (t = 2.953, p = 0.0054) significantly decreased, and the ITAQ (t = 3.043, p = 0.0042) and MMSE (t = 2.2.68, p = 0.0291) scores significantly increased in the Yijinjing group after 12 weeks of intervention. Conclusion: These results provide a preliminary indication that Yijinjing exercise had the potential to improve cognitive function and negative symptoms in patients with chronic schizophrenia. A larger-scale study to determine the trajectory of change in the longer term should be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai No.1 Mental Health Center of Civil Administration, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Luo
- Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Jing Tu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Ru-Ping Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai No.1 Mental Health Center of Civil Administration, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Na Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai No.1 Mental Health Center of Civil Administration, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Jun Qiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai No.1 Mental Health Center of Civil Administration, Shanghai, China
| | - Qu Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai No.1 Mental Health Center of Civil Administration, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Ning Li
- Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Safari MA, Koushkie Jahromi M, Rezaei R, Aligholi H, Brand S. The Effect of Swimming on Anxiety-Like Behaviors and Corticosterone in Stressed and Unstressed Rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186675. [PMID: 32937768 PMCID: PMC7558513 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the effect of swimming training on anxiety-like behaviors and corticosterone. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five study conditions: swimming training (ST); exposure to chronic mild stress (CS); exposure to chronic mild stress followed by swimming training (CS + ST); exposure to chronic mild stress followed by a recovery period (CS + recovery); control. The exercise training consisted of 60 min of swimming exercise per day, for five days a week, and four consecutive weeks. A chronic mild stress program (CMS) was applied for a period of four weeks. Anxiety-like behaviors were measured by open field test (OFT). The number of excrements and blood corticosterone were used as physiological parameters of anxiety. To assess corticosterone, blood samples were taken 48 h after the last session of experiments. Compared to other study conditions, the lowest anxiety-like behaviors and corticosterone concentrations were observed in the ST condition in unstressed rats. In stressed rats, as in the ST + CS group, swimming training probably reduced some anxiety behaviors, but the results showed increased corticosterone compared to control and CS + Recovery. Anxiety parameters and corticosterone concentrations were greatest in the CS condition. In the ST group, anxiety parameters were less than for the ST + CS group. In the CS + Recovery group, anxiety parameters were less than for the CS group. In summary, self-paced swimming training could attenuate some anxiety parameters in both stressed and non-stressed rats. The effect of swimming training in unstressed rats was more prominent than in stressed rats. In stressed rats, a period of recovery was more effective than swimming training in reducing corticosterone. Mechanisms of anxiety reduction other than cortisol should be investigated in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Safari
- Department of Sport Sciences, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84334, Iran; (M.A.S.); (M.K.J.); (R.R.)
| | - Maryam Koushkie Jahromi
- Department of Sport Sciences, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84334, Iran; (M.A.S.); (M.K.J.); (R.R.)
| | - Rasoul Rezaei
- Department of Sport Sciences, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84334, Iran; (M.A.S.); (M.K.J.); (R.R.)
| | - Hadi Aligholi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran;
| | - Serge Brand
- Division of Sport and Psychosocial Health, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
- Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran
- Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 1416753955, Iran
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +98-4161-32-55-097
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Brokmeier LL, Firth J, Vancampfort D, Smith L, Deenik J, Rosenbaum S, Stubbs B, Schuch FB. Does physical activity reduce the risk of psychosis? A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Psychiatry Res 2020; 284:112675. [PMID: 31757637 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal prospective cohorts have suggested that physical activity (PA) may be a protective factor against psychosis and schizophrenia. However, no meta-analysis has been conducted. The study aims to examine the prospective relationship between PA and incident psychosis/schizophrenia. Major databases were searched from inception to July 2019 for prospective studies that calculated the odds ratio (OR) or the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of incident psychosis/schizophrenia in people with higher PA against people with lower PA. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted, for OR and AOR, separately. Across 4 cohorts (N = 30,025 median males = 50%, median follow-up = 32 years), people with high self-reported PA (versus low PA) were at reduced odds of developing psychosis/schizophrenia (OR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.532 to 0.995, p = 0.047). Analysis including 2 cohorts presenting AOR were not statistically significant (AOR = 0.59, 95%CI 0.253 to 1.383, p = 0.226). Overall study quality was high (mean NOS = 7.0). The literature on the topic is scarce, whilst crude analysis suggests that PA may be a protective factor against the emergence of psychosis/schizophrenia, but when adjusting for covariates, the association is no longer significant. Further studies with objective physical activity and adjustment for confounders are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Firth
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia; Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; University Psychiatric Centre KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jeroen Deenik
- GGz Centraal, Utrechtseweg 266, 3818 EW Amersfoort, The Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Felipe Barreto Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
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Increasing physical activity and healthy diet in outpatients with mental disorders: a randomized-controlled evaluation of two psychological interventions. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 269:529-542. [PMID: 30194668 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-018-0941-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While physical activity (PA) can play an important role in the treatment of mental disorders (MD), large proportions of patients with MD do not meet PA recommendations. The aim of this trial was to evaluate whether structured psychological intervention (MoVo-LISA) is effective in helping outpatients with MD to increase their level of PA. As active control group (CG) we modified MoVo-LISA to target healthy diet behavior. METHODS N = 83 outpatients with MD (F1-F4) were randomized to the two conditions. PA (self-report and accelerometry), dietary behavior, social-cognitive determinants of health behavior change, psychiatric symptoms and health-related quality of life were assessed at baseline, 1 and 12 weeks after the intervention. RESULTS Significant time*group interaction effects for objectively measured PA, dietary behavior and fruit and vegetable consumption indicated differential effects of the interventions on these outcomes. PA increased in the MoVo-LISA group (IG) from baseline to follow-up while it decreased in CG. IG showed a significant higher level of objectively measured PA at follow-up compared to CG. Dietary behavior and fruit and vegetable consumption significantly increased from baseline to follow-up in CG, but not IG. IG showed a significant increase in some, but not all social cognitive determinants of health behavior change. CONCLUSIONS MoVo-LISA is effective in helping outpatients with MD to increase their level of PA in short- and mid-term. The used intervention strategies are effective for the promotion of healthy diet in patients with MD as well.
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15
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McCombe G, Harrold A, Brown K, Hennessy L, Clarke M, Hanlon D, O'Brien S, Lyne J, Corcoran C, McGorry P, Cullen W. Key Worker-Mediated Enhancement of Physical Health in First Episode Psychosis: Protocol For a Feasibility Study in Primary Care. JMIR Res Protoc 2019; 8:e13115. [PMID: 31293240 PMCID: PMC6652125 DOI: 10.2196/13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have demonstrated that, for patients with psychosis, a majority of the decline in health status and functioning emerges during the first few years after the onset of illness. This knowledge led to the development of specialized early intervention services (EISs) targeting patients experiencing their first episode of psychosis. The central component of EISs is often assertive case management delivered by a multidisciplinary team, where an appointed key worker is responsible for coordinating treatment and delivering various psychosocial interventions to service users. OBJECTIVE This paper outlines the protocol for a feasibility study examining how key workers may enhance physical health by supporting integration between primary and secondary care. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with key stakeholder groups (General Practitioners and health care professionals working in mental health services). The interviews informed the development of the complex intervention involving a longitudinal pre-post intervention in 8 general practices in 2 regions in Ireland (one urban and one rural). Patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) will be identified from clinical records at general practices and mental health services. RESULTS Baseline and follow-up data (at 6 months) will be collected, examining measures of feasibility, acceptability, and intervention effect size. CONCLUSIONS Study findings will inform future practice by examining feasibility of key workers enhancing physical health through improved interaction between primary and secondary care. By identifying issues involved in enhancing recruitment and retention, as well as the likely effect size, the study will inform a future definitive intervention. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/13115.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoff McCombe
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aine Harrold
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katherine Brown
- Dr Steeven's Hospital, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | - John Lyne
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,North Dublin Mental Health Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Patrick McGorry
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Orygen, Melbourne, Australia
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16
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Factors associated with regular physical activity participation among people with severe mental ill health. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2019; 54:887-895. [PMID: 30535841 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-018-1639-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE People with severe mental ill health (SMI) are less physically active and more sedentary than the general population. There is limited research investigating the correlates of physical activity (PA) in people with SMI impeding the development of successful interventions. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with regular participation of PA among a large sample of people with SMI. METHODS The data for this study were collected from the 'Closing the Gap: Lifestyle Health and Wellbeing' (HWB) cohort that collected data through self-administered questionnaire from participants with SMI. Self-reported participation in regular PA was the main outcome variable. Potential predictors of PA were grouped as demographic, biological, psychological and behavioural variables. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted considering PA participation as the dependent variable adjusted for possible correlated predictors. RESULTS In total, 3287 people with SMI [mean (SD) age 47.7 (14.58) years, 59% male] were included; 38% reported undertaking regular PA and 61% wanted to undertake more physical activity. Multivariable logistic regressions showed that the following factors were associated with undertaking more regular PA: being male, aged 18-65 years, having a body mass index between 18.5 and 30 kg/m2, having better self-perceived general health condition, not having a health problem that limits activity, giving higher importance to maintain a healthy lifestyle, and eating more fruit and vegetables. CONCLUSIONS Having a better self-perceived general health and placing importance on maintaining a healthy lifestyle were important predictors of regular PA. Lifestyle interventions targeting increased PA among people with SMI should be shaped by their health perception and informed by their needs.
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17
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Liangruenrom N, Craike M, Biddle SJH, Suttikasem K, Pedisic Z. Correlates of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in the Thai population: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:414. [PMID: 30991973 PMCID: PMC6469108 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6708-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the importance of knowing the potential impediments and enablers for physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in a specific population, the aim of this study was to systematically review and summarise evidence on individual, social, environmental, and policy correlates of PA and SB in the Thai population. METHODS A systematic review of articles written in Thai and English was conducted. Studies that reported at least one correlate for PA and/or SB in a healthy Thai population were selected independently by two authors. Data on 21 variables were extracted. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS A total of 25,007 records were screened and 167 studies were included. The studies reported associations with PA for a total of 261 variables, mostly for adults and older adults. For most of the variables, evidence was available from a limited number of studies. Consistent evidence was found for individual-level and social correlates of PA in children/adolescents and adults and for individual-level correlates of PA in older adults. Self-efficacy and perceived barriers were consistently associated with PA in all age groups. Other consistently identified individual-level correlates in adults and older adults included self-rated general health, mental health, perceived benefits, and attitudes towards PA. Consistent evidence was also found for social correlates of PA in adults, including social support, interpersonal influences, parent/family influences, and information support. The influence of friendship/companionship was identified as a correlate of PA only in children/adolescents. A limited number of studies examined SB correlates, especially in older adults. The studies reported associations with SB for a total of 41 variables. Consistent evidence of association with SB was only found for obesity in adults. Some evidence suggests that male adults engage more in SB than females. CONCLUSIONS More Thai studies are needed on (i) PA correlates, particularly among children/adolescents, and that focus on environment- and policy-related factors and (ii) SB correlates, particularly among older adults. Researchers are also encouraged to conduct longitudinal studies to provide evidence on prospective and causal relationships, and subject to feasibility, use device-based measures of PA and SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nucharapon Liangruenrom
- 0000 0001 0396 9544grid.1019.9Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
- 0000 0004 1937 0490grid.10223.32Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon Sai 4 Road, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170 Thailand
| | - Melinda Craike
- 0000 0001 0396 9544grid.1019.9Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
- 0000 0001 0396 9544grid.1019.9Australian Health Policy Collaboration, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
| | - Stuart J. H. Biddle
- 0000 0004 0473 0844grid.1048.dInstitute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Education City, 37 Sinnathamby Boulevard, Springfield Central, QLD 4300 Australia
| | - Kanyapat Suttikasem
- 0000 0004 1937 0490grid.10223.32Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon Sai 4 Road, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170 Thailand
| | - Zeljko Pedisic
- 0000 0001 0396 9544grid.1019.9Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
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Abplanalp SJ, Fulford D. Physical effort exertion and pain: Links with trait-based risk for psychopathology. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:46-51. [PMID: 30465981 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
People with serious mental illness (SMI) are at an increased risk for physical health complications, such as cardiovascular disease and obesity. Low levels of physical activity is a major contributor to these health complications. One factor associated with limited physical activity in the broader sedentary population is pain. While preliminary findings suggest an association between lack of physical activity and pain in SMI, conclusions are still unclear. Thus, the goal of this correlational study was to examine associations between trait-based risk for psychopathology (hypomanic personality, schizotypy, and anhedonic depression) and the experience of pain following a physical endurance/effort task. Healthy participants (N = 43; 18 females) completed self-report measures of trait-based risk for psychopathology. They also reported on the experience of pain before and after the Time To Exhaustion (TTE) test. Findings revealed that risk for psychosis and anhedonic depression were associated with increases in pain following the TTE test, accounting for other key variables, such as age and self-reported physical exercise. Risk for mania was unrelated to changes in pain. These results suggest that the experience of pain in relation to physical endurance/effort may contribute to diminished physical activity among people at risk for SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Abplanalp
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Sargent College, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Daniel Fulford
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Sargent College, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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Firth J, Stubbs B, Vancampfort D, Schuch FB, Rosenbaum S, Ward PB, Firth JA, Sarris J, Yung AR. The Validity and Value of Self-reported Physical Activity and Accelerometry in People With Schizophrenia: A Population-Scale Study of the UK Biobank. Schizophr Bull 2018; 44:1293-1300. [PMID: 29069474 PMCID: PMC6192495 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous physical activity (PA) research in schizophrenia has relied largely upon self-report measures. However, the accuracy of this method is questionable. Obtaining accurate measurements, and determining what may influence PA levels in schizophrenia, is essential to understand physical inactivity in this population. This study examined differences in self-reported and objectively measured PA in people with schizophrenia and the general population using a large, population-based dataset from the UK Biobank. METHODS Baseline data from the UK Biobank (2007-2010) were analyzed; including 1078 people with schizophrenia (54.19 ± 8.39 years; 55% male) and 450549 without (56.44 ± 8.11; 46% male). We compared self-reported PA with objectively measured accelerometry data in schizophrenia and comparison samples. We also examined correlations between self-report and objective measures. RESULTS People with schizophrenia reported the same PA levels as those without, with no differences in low, moderate, or vigorous intensity activity. However, accelerometry data showed a large and statistically significant reduction of PA in schizophrenia; as people with schizophrenia, on average, engaged in less PA than 80% of the general population. Nonetheless, within the schizophrenia sample, total self-reported PA still held significant correlations with objective measures. CONCLUSIONS People with schizophrenia are significantly less active than the general population. However, self-report measures in epidemiological studies fail to capture the reduced activity levels in schizophrenia. This also has implications for self-report measures of other lifestyle factors which may contribute toward the poor health outcomes observed in schizophrenia. Nonetheless, self-report measures may still be useful for identifying how active individuals with schizophrenia relative to other patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Firth
- NICM, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia,Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,To whom correspondence should be addressed; NICM, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, Sydney, NSW 2560, Australia; tel: +61-(0)-451-231-815, Fax: +447-724-458-525; e-mail:
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Department of Neurosciences, UPC KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Felipe B Schuch
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil,Centro Universitário La Salle, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- Black Dog Institute, Randwick, Australia,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Philip B Ward
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Unit, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Josh A Firth
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jerome Sarris
- NICM, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, The Melbourne Clinic, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alison R Yung
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,Greater Manchester Mental Health Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Onwumere J, Howes S, Shiers D, Gaughran F. Physical health problems in people with psychosis: The issue for informal carers. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2018; 64:381-388. [PMID: 29584519 DOI: 10.1177/0020764018763684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced life expectancies are recorded in adults with psychotic disorders. Informal carers play key roles in improving illness outcomes for patients, including significantly reducing rates of relapse and hospitalisation. There is, however, a dearth of literature detailing carers' perspectives on physical health problems in the relatives they care for and implications for those in the caregiving role. The study sought to explore carers' subjective experiences of supporting a relative with psychosis and physical health problems. METHODS Carers of adults with psychosis were interviewed individually, or as part of a group, about physical health problems in the relatives they care for. RESULTS Five key themes were identified from the interviews that reflected (1) ubiquity of physical health problems in psychosis, (2) gaps in service provision for those living with mental and physical health problems, (3) carers' role in responding to service gaps, (4) difficult conversations and (5) impact on carer health. CONCLUSION Service initiatives that are designed to improve patient physical health in psychosis should not overlook the role that informal carers might have in supporting this process. The implications that patient physical health problems present for carer well-being and the quality of the caregiving relationship in psychosis deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Onwumere
- 1 Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sophia Howes
- 1 Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David Shiers
- 2 Psychosis Research Unit, Prestwich Hospital Manchester, Manchester, UK.,3 The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Fiona Gaughran
- 4 Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychosis, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London
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