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Male AG, Goudzwaard E, Nakahara S, Turner JA, Calhoun VD, Mueller BA, Lim KO, Bustillo JR, Belger A, Voyvodic J, O'Leary D, Mathalon DH, Ford JM, Potkin SG, Preda A, van Erp TGM. Structural white matter abnormalities in Schizophrenia and associations with neurocognitive performance and symptom severity. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 342:111843. [PMID: 38896909 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with robust white matter (WM) abnormalities but influences of potentially confounding variables and relationships with cognitive performance and symptom severity remain to be fully determined. This study was designed to evaluate WM abnormalities based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in individuals with schizophrenia, and their relationships with cognitive performance and symptom severity. Data from individuals with schizophrenia (SZ; n=138, mean age±SD=39.02±11.82; 105 males) and healthy controls (HC; n=143, mean age±SD=37.07±10.84; 102 males) were collected as part of the Function Biomedical Informatics Research Network Phase 3 study. Fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), and mean diffusivity (MD) were compared between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls, and their relationships with neurocognitive performance and symptomatology assessed. Individuals with SZ had significantly lower FA in forceps minor and the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus compared to HC. FA in several tracts were associated with speed of processing and attention/vigilance and the severity of the negative symptom alogia. This study suggests that regional WM abnormalities are fundamentally involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and may contribute to cognitive performance deficits and symptom expression observed in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alie G Male
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Esther Goudzwaard
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA; University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1000 GG, The Netherlands
| | - Soichiro Nakahara
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA; Discovery Accelerator Venture Unit Direct Reprogramming, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Jessica A Turner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Bryon A Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Kelvin O Lim
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Juan R Bustillo
- Departments of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Aysenil Belger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - James Voyvodic
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Daniel O'Leary
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Judith M Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Steven G Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Adrian Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Theo G M van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Alonso-Sanchez MF, Z-Rivera L, Otero M, Portal J, Cavieres Á, Alfaro-Faccio P. Aberrant brain language network in schizophrenia spectrum disorder: a systematic review of its relation to language signs beyond symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1244694. [PMID: 39026525 PMCID: PMC11254709 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1244694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Language disturbances are a core feature of schizophrenia, often studied as a formal thought disorder. The neurobiology of language in schizophrenia has been addressed within the same framework, that language and thought are equivalents considering symptoms and not signs. This review aims to systematically examine published peer-reviewed studies that employed neuroimaging techniques to investigate aberrant brain-language networks in individuals with schizophrenia in relation to linguistic signs. Methods We employed a language model for automatic data extraction. We selected our studies according to the PRISMA recommendations, and we conducted the quality assessment of the selected studies according to the STROBE guidance. Results We analyzed the findings from 37 studies, categorizing them based on patient characteristics, brain measures, and language task types. The inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and superior temporal gyrus (STG) exhibited the most significant differences among these studies and paradigms. Conclusions We propose guidelines for future research in this field based on our analysis. It is crucial to investigate larger networks involved in language processing, and language models with brain metrics must be integrated to enhance our understanding of the relationship between language and brain abnormalities in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F. Alonso-Sanchez
- Escuela de Fonoaudiología, Centro de Investigación del Desarrollo en Cognición y Lenguaje (CIDCL), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Lucía Z-Rivera
- Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineering (AC3E), Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Mónica Otero
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Centro BASAL Ciencia & Vida, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Jorge Portal
- Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineering (AC3E), Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
- Departamento de Electrónica, Univeridad Técnica Federico Santa María (USM), Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Álvaro Cavieres
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Pedro Alfaro-Faccio
- Instituto de Literatura y Ciencias del Lenguaje, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Zhang P, Feng Y, Xu T, Li Y, Xia J, Zhang H, Sun Z, Tian W, Zhang J. Brain white matter microstructural alterations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: an automated fiber quantification study. Brain Imaging Behav 2024; 18:622-629. [PMID: 38332385 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify damaged segments of brain white matter fiber tracts in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based automated fiber quantification (AFQ), and analyze their relationship with cognitive impairment. Clinical and imaging data for 39 female patients with SLE and for 44 female healthy controls (HCs) were collected. AFQ was used to track whole-brain white matter tracts in each participant, and each tract was segmented into 100 equally spaced nodes. DTI metrics including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were calculated at each node. Correlations were also explored between DTI metrics in the damaged segments of white matter fiber tracts and neuropsychological test scores of patients with SLE. Compared with HCs, SLE patients exhibited significantly lower FA values, and significantly higher MD, AD, RD values in many white matter tracts (all P < 0.05, false discovery rate-corrected). FA values in nodes 97-100 of the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) positively correlated with the mini-mental state examination score. AFQ enables precise and accurate identification of damage to white matter fiber tracts in brains of patients with SLE. FA values in the left IFOF correlate with cognitive impairment in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, 116044, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Yanhong Feng
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Tianye Xu
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Yifan Li
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Jianguo Xia
- Department of Imaging, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 225300, China.
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Imaging, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 225300, China.
| | - Zhongru Sun
- Department of Imaging, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 225300, China
| | - Weizhong Tian
- Department of Imaging, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 225300, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Imaging, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 225300, China
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Gan L, Wang L, Liu H, Wang G. Based on neural network cascade abnormal texture information dissemination of classification of patients with schizophrenia and depression. Brain Res 2024; 1830:148819. [PMID: 38403037 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
This study used MRI brain image segmentation to identify novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers to distinguish patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MD), and healthy control (HC). Brain texture measurements, including entropy and contrast, were calculated to capture variability in adjacent MRI voxel intensity. These measures are then applied to group classification in deep learning techniques and combined with hierarchical correlations to locate results. Texture feature maps were extracted from segmented brain MRI scans of 141 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), 103 patients with major depressive disorder (MD) and 238 healthy controls (HC). Gray scale coassociation matrix (GLCM) is a monomer matrix calculated in a voxel cube. Deep learning methods were evaluated to determine the application capability of texture feature mapping in binary classification (SCZ vs. HC, MD vs. HC, SCZ vs. MD). The method is implemented by repeated nesting and cross-validation for feature selection. Regions that show the highest correlation (positive or negative). In this study, the authors successfully classified SCZ, MD and HC. This suggests that texture analysis can be used as an effective feature extraction method to distinguish different disease states. Compared with other methods, texture analysis can capture richer image information and improve classification accuracy in some cases. The classification accuracy of SCZ and HC, MD and HC, SCZ and MD reached 84.6%, 86.4% and 76.21%, respectively. Among them, SCZ and HC are the most significant features with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Gan
- School of Railway Transportation, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Linfeng Wang
- School of Railway Transportation, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Peking University Health Science Center, Institute of Medical Technology, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Railway Transportation, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
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Stein F, Gruber M, Mauritz M, Brosch K, Pfarr JK, Ringwald KG, Thomas-Odenthal F, Wroblewski A, Evermann U, Steinsträter O, Grumbach P, Thiel K, Winter A, Bonnekoh LM, Flinkenflügel K, Goltermann J, Meinert S, Grotegerd D, Bauer J, Opel N, Hahn T, Leehr EJ, Jansen A, de Lange SC, van den Heuvel MP, Nenadić I, Krug A, Dannlowski U, Repple J, Kircher T. Brain Structural Network Connectivity of Formal Thought Disorder Dimensions in Affective and Psychotic Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:629-638. [PMID: 37207935 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psychopathological syndrome of formal thought disorder (FTD) is not only present in schizophrenia (SZ), but also highly prevalent in major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. It remains unknown how alterations in the structural white matter connectome of the brain correlate with psychopathological FTD dimensions across affective and psychotic disorders. METHODS Using FTD items of the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, we performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses in 864 patients with major depressive disorder (n= 689), bipolar disorder (n = 108), or SZ (n = 67) to identify psychopathological FTD dimensions. We used T1- and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to reconstruct the structural connectome of the brain. To investigate the association of FTD subdimensions and global structural connectome measures, we employed linear regression models. We used network-based statistic to identify subnetworks of white matter fiber tracts associated with FTD symptomatology. RESULTS Three psychopathological FTD dimensions were delineated, i.e., disorganization, emptiness, and incoherence. Disorganization and incoherence were associated with global dysconnectivity. Network-based statistics identified subnetworks associated with the FTD dimensions disorganization and emptiness but not with the FTD dimension incoherence. Post hoc analyses on subnetworks did not reveal diagnosis × FTD dimension interaction effects. Results remained stable after correcting for medication and disease severity. Confirmatory analyses showed a substantial overlap of nodes from both subnetworks with cortical brain regions previously associated with FTD in SZ. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated white matter subnetwork dysconnectivity in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and SZ associated with FTD dimensions that predominantly comprise brain regions implicated in speech. Results open an avenue for transdiagnostic, psychopathology-informed, dimensional studies in pathogenetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederike Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Marius Gruber
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marco Mauritz
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Brosch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julia-Katharina Pfarr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kai G Ringwald
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Thomas-Odenthal
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Adrian Wroblewski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrika Evermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Steinsträter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Grumbach
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Thiel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexandra Winter
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Linda M Bonnekoh
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kira Flinkenflügel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Janik Goltermann
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jochen Bauer
- Department of Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nils Opel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Elisabeth J Leehr
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Siemon C de Lange
- Connectome Lab, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn P van den Heuvel
- Connectome Lab, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Section Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Axel Krug
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Gonzalez Alam TRJ, Cruz Arias J, Jefferies E, Smallwood J, Leemans A, Marino Davolos J. Ventral and dorsal aspects of the inferior frontal-occipital fasciculus support verbal semantic access and visually-guided behavioural control. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:207-221. [PMID: 38070006 PMCID: PMC10827863 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02729-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The Inferior Frontal Occipital Fasciculus (IFOF) is a major anterior-to-posterior white matter pathway in the ventral human brain that connects parietal, temporal and occipital regions to frontal cortex. It has been implicated in a range of functions, including language, semantics, inhibition and the control of action. The recent research shows that the IFOF can be sub-divided into a ventral and dorsal branch, but the functional relevance of this distinction, as well as any potential hemispheric differences, are poorly understood. Using DTI tractography, we investigated the involvement of dorsal and ventral subdivisions of the IFOF in the left and right hemisphere in a response inhibition task (Go/No-Go), where the decision to respond or to withhold a prepotent response was made on the basis of semantic or non-semantic aspects of visual inputs. The task also varied the presentation modality (whether concepts were presented as written words or images). The results showed that the integrity of both dorsal and ventral IFOF in the left hemisphere were associated with participants' inhibition performance when the signal to stop was meaningful and presented in the verbal modality. This effect was absent in the right hemisphere. The integrity of dorsal IFOF was also associated with participants' inhibition efficiency in difficult perceptually guided decisions. This pattern of results indicates that left dorsal IFOF is implicated in the domain-general control of visually-guided behaviour, while the left ventral branch might interface with the semantic system to support the control of action when the inhibitory signal is based on meaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirso R J Gonzalez Alam
- Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, York, UK.
- School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
| | | | - Elizabeth Jefferies
- Department of Psychology and York Neuroimaging Centre, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Alexander Leemans
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Alonso-Sánchez MF, Limongi R, Gati J, Palaniyappan L. Language network self-inhibition and semantic similarity in first-episode schizophrenia: A computational-linguistic and effective connectivity approach. Schizophr Res 2023; 259:97-103. [PMID: 35568676 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A central feature of schizophrenia is the disorganization and impoverishment of language. Recently, we observed higher semantic similarity in first-episode-schizophrenia (FES) patients. In this study, we investigate if this aberrant similarity relates to the 'causal' connectivity between two key nodes of the word production system: inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the semantic-hub at the ventral anterior temporal lobe (vATL). METHODS Resting-state fMRI scans were collected from 60 participants (30 untreated FES and 30 healthy controls). The semantic distance was measured with the CoVec semantic tool based on GloVe. A spectral dynamic causal model with Parametrical Empirical Bayes was constructed modelling the intrinsic self-inhibitory and extrinsic-excitatory connections within the brain regions. We estimated the parameters of a fully connected model with the semantic distance as a covariate. RESULTS FES patients chose words with higher semantic similarity when describing the pictures compared to the HC group. Among patients, an increased semantic similarity was related with an increase in intrinsic connections within both the vATL and IFG, suggesting that reduced 'synaptic gain' in these regions likely contribute to aberrant sampling of the semantic space during discourse in schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS Lexical impoverishment relates to increased self-inhibition in both the IFG and vATL. The associated reduction in synaptic gain may relate to reduced precision of locally generated neural activity, forcing the choice of words that are already 'activated' in a lexical network. One approach to improve word sampling may be via promoting synaptic gain via supra-physiological stimulation within the Broca's-vATL network; this proposal needs verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Francisca Alonso-Sánchez
- CIDCL, Fonoaudiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile; Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Roberto Limongi
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph Gati
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Youth Mental Health Service Innovation, Research and Training, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lena Palaniyappan
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Youth Mental Health Service Innovation, Research and Training, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Cai J, Xie M, Zhao L, Li X, Liang S, Deng W, Guo W, Ma X, Sham PC, Wang Q, Li T. White matter changes and its relationship with clinical symptom in medication-naive first-episode early onset schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 82:103482. [PMID: 36709613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have highlighted the role of white matter (WM) alterations as biomarkers of the disease state and prognosis of schizophrenia. However, less is known about WM abnormalities in the rarely occurring adolescent early onset schizophrenia (EOS). In this study, T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted images were collected in 56 medication-naive first-episode participants with EOS and 43 healthy controls (HCs). Using Tract-based Spatial Statistics, we calculate case-control differences in scalar diffusion measures, i.e. fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), and investigated their association with clinical feature in participants with EOS. Compared with HCs, decreased MD was found in EOS group most notably in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and corticospinal tract in the right hemisphere. No significant difference was found in FA between these two groups. The FA values of the forceps minor and the right superior longitudinal fasciculus were suggested to be related to the severity of clinical symptom in participants with EOS. These results provide clues about the neural basis of schizophrenia and a potential biomarker for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Cai
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Xie
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liansheng Zhao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sugai Liang
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanjun Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pak C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Shekari E, Nozari N. A narrative review of the anatomy and function of the white matter tracts in language production and comprehension. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1139292. [PMID: 37051488 PMCID: PMC10083342 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1139292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Much is known about the role of cortical areas in language processing. The shift towards network approaches in recent years has highlighted the importance of uncovering the role of white matter in connecting these areas. However, despite a large body of research, many of these tracts’ functions are not well-understood. We present a comprehensive review of the empirical evidence on the role of eight major tracts that are hypothesized to be involved in language processing (inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, extreme capsule, middle longitudinal fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, arcuate fasciculus, and frontal aslant tract). For each tract, we hypothesize its role based on the function of the cortical regions it connects. We then evaluate these hypotheses with data from three sources: studies in neurotypical individuals, neuropsychological data, and intraoperative stimulation studies. Finally, we summarize the conclusions supported by the data and highlight the areas needing further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shekari
- Department of Neuroscience, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazbanou Nozari
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition (CNBC), Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Nazbanou Nozari
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10
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Identification of texture MRI brain abnormalities on first-episode psychosis and clinical high-risk subjects using explainable artificial intelligence. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:481. [PMID: 36385133 PMCID: PMC9668814 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02242-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural MRI studies in first-episode psychosis and the clinical high-risk state have consistently shown volumetric abnormalities. Aim of the present study was to introduce radiomics texture features in identification of psychosis. Radiomics texture features describe the interrelationship between voxel intensities across multiple spatial scales capturing the hidden information of underlying disease dynamics in addition to volumetric changes. Structural MR images were acquired from 77 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, 58 clinical high-risk subjects with no later transition to psychosis (CHR_NT), 15 clinical high-risk subjects with later transition (CHR_T), and 44 healthy controls (HC). Radiomics texture features were extracted from non-segmented images, and two-classification schemas were performed for the identification of FEP vs. HC and FEP vs. CHR_NT. The group of CHR_T was used as external validation in both schemas. The classification of a subject's clinical status was predicted by importing separately (a) the difference of entropy feature map and (b) the contrast feature map, resulting in classification balanced accuracy above 72% in both analyses. The proposed framework enhances the classification decision for FEP, CHR_NT, and HC subjects, verifies diagnosis-relevant features and may potentially contribute to identification of structural biomarkers for psychosis, beyond and above volumetric brain changes.
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11
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Chen S, Tang Y, Fan X, Qiao Y, Wang J, Wen H, Wang W, Wang H, Yang F, Sheng J. The role of white matter abnormality in the left anterior corona radiata: In relation to formal thought disorder in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2022; 307:114302. [PMID: 34890908 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
White matter abnormality has been widely reported in patients with schizophrenia (Sz). However, few studies have focused on the relationship between the white matter deficit and formal thought disorder (FTD). Moreover, the role of genetic high risk in FTD-related white matter deficit remains unclear. The present study recruited 46 Sz patients, 18 unaffected first-degree relatives of Sz patients, and 29 healthy controls. There was a widespread fractional anisotropy (FA) reduction in Sz. In addition, reduced FA in the left anterior corona radiata was related to more severe FTD symptoms in Sz. However, the genetic high-risk group only showed lower mean FA in the left anterior limb of the internal capsule than healthy controls. Our findings suggest that abnormality in the left anterior corona radiata may only occur in Sz but not in the genetic high-risk group. Such an abnormality might be associated with the severity of FTD symptoms. Meanwhile, genetic vulnerability may contribute to the abnormality in the left anterior limb of the internal capsule. Better analytical methods are needed to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders,Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaoduo Fan
- UMass Memorial Health Care & University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Yi Qiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders,Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hun Wen
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wenzheng Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fuzhong Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Jianhua Sheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
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12
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Viher PV, Stegmayer K, Bracht T, Federspiel A, Bohlhalter S, Strik W, Wiest R, Walther S. Neurological Soft Signs Are Associated With Altered White Matter in Patients With Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2021; 48:220-230. [PMID: 34355246 PMCID: PMC8781326 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neurological soft signs (NSS) are related to grey matter and functional brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. Studies in healthy subjects suggest, that NSS are also linked to white matter. However, the association between NSS and white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia remains to be elucidated. The present study investigated, if NSS are related to white matter alterations in patients with schizophrenia. The total sample included 42 healthy controls and 41 patients with schizophrenia. We used the Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES), and we acquired diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging to assess white matter on a voxel-wise between subject statistic. In patients with schizophrenia, linear associations between NES with fractional anisotropy (FA), radial, axial, and mean diffusivity were analyzed with tract-based spatial statistics while controlling for age, medication dose, the severity of the disease, and motion. The main pattern of results in patients showed a positive association of NES with all diffusion measures except FA in important motor pathways: the corticospinal tract, internal capsule, superior longitudinal fascicle, thalamocortical radiations and corpus callosum. In addition, exploratory tractography analysis revealed an association of the right aslant with NES in patients. These results suggest that specific white matter alterations, that is, increased diffusivity might contribute to NSS in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Verena Viher
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland; tel: +41-31-930-97-57, fax: +41-31-930-94-04, e-mail:
| | - Katharina Stegmayer
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Bracht
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Federspiel
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bohlhalter
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland,Neurocenter, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Switzerland
| | - Werner Strik
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- Support Center of Advanced Neuroimaging, Institute of Neuroradiology, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Bavato F, Cathomas F, Klaus F, Gütter K, Barro C, Maceski A, Seifritz E, Kuhle J, Kaiser S, Quednow BB. Altered neuroaxonal integrity in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder assessed with neurofilament light chain in serum. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 140:141-148. [PMID: 34116440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorders (MDD) have been frequently linked to anatomical brain alterations. However, the relationship between brain pathology, inflammation and clinical symptoms in these disorders is still unclear. Thus, by applying novel blood markers of neuroaxonal integrity such as neurofilament light chain (NfL), we can now address main issues in psychiatric research and potentially offer innovative diagnostic tools toward better clinical characterizations and monitoring in both SZ and MDD. METHODS NfL levels were measured in serum of 44 patients with SZ and in 41 patients with MDD applying single molecule array technology and compared to a healthy norm population. Main inflammatory markers (C- reactive protein, interleukins IL-6 and IL-10) were measured to define patients with inflammatory phenotype. The Digit Symbol Substitution Task (DSST) and the Letter-Number-Sequencing Task were performed to estimate cognitive function in both groups. RESULTS NfL levels in MDD group (but not in SZ group) were significantly higher than reference values of healthy norm population. A higher than expected proportion of patients with NfL levels above age-specific cut-off values was observed in both SZ and MDD groups. No correlation was observed between NfL and inflammatory markers. A negative correlation between DSST and NfL-values was observed in patients with MDD. CONCLUSIONS Both SZ and MDD showed elevated serum levels of NfL, which were independent from inflammatory markers but associated with cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bavato
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Flurin Cathomas
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federica Klaus
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karoline Gütter
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Barro
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandra Maceski
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jens Kuhle
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Kaiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Chemin du Petit-Bel-Air, 1225, Chêne-Bourg, Switzerland
| | - Boris B Quednow
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Korda AI, Ruef A, Neufang S, Davatzikos C, Borgwardt S, Meisenzahl EM, Koutsouleris N. Identification of voxel-based texture abnormalities as new biomarkers for schizophrenia and major depressive patients using layer-wise relevance propagation on deep learning decisions. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 313:111303. [PMID: 34034096 PMCID: PMC9060641 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Non-segmented MRI brain images are used for the identification of new Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) biomarkers able to differentiate between schizophrenic patients (SCZ), major depressive patients (MD) and healthy controls (HC). Brain texture measures such as entropy and contrast, capturing the neighboring variation of MRI voxel intensities, were computed and fed into deep learning technique for group classification. Layer-wise relevance was applied for the localization of the classification results. Texture feature map of non-segmented brain MRI scans were extracted from 141 SCZ, 103 MD and 238 HC. The gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) was calculated on a voxel-by-voxel basis in a cube of voxels. Deep learning tested if texture feature map could predict diagnostic group membership of three classes under a binary classification (SCZ vs. HC, MD vs. HC, SCZ vs. MD). The method was applied in a repeated nested cross-validation scheme and cross-validated feature selection. The regions with the highest relevance (positive/negative) are presented. The method was applied on non-segmented images reducing the computation complexity and the error associated with segmentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Korda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Lübeck (UKSH), Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - A Ruef
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - S Neufang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Davatzikos
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - S Borgwardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Lübeck (UKSH), Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - E M Meisenzahl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - N Koutsouleris
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
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15
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SHANK3 Genotype Mediates Speech and Language Phenotypes in a Nonclinical Population. AUTISM RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2021; 2021:6634584. [PMID: 34188957 PMCID: PMC8195663 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6634584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutations affecting the synaptic-scaffold gene SHANK3 represent the most common genetic causes of autism with intellectual disability, accounting for about 1-2% of cases. Rare variants of this gene have also been associated with schizophrenia, and its deletion results in the autistic condition known as Phelan–McDermid syndrome. Despite the importance of SHANK3 as a paradigmatic gene mediating neurodevelopmental disorders, its psychological effects in nonclinical populations have yet to be studied. We genotyped the nonsynonymous, functional SHANK3 SNP rs9616915 in a large population of typical individuals scored for autism spectrum traits (the Autism Quotient, AQ) and schizotypy spectrum traits (the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, SPQ-BR). Males, but not females, showed significant genotypic effects for the SPQ-BR subscale associated with speech and language: Odd Speech. These findings, in conjunction with animal model studies showing vocalization and auditory effects of SHANK3 mutations, and studies indicating severe language alterations and speech-associated white matter tract abnormalities in Phelan–McDermid syndrome, suggest that SHANK3 differentially affects the development and expression of human language and speech. Imaging genetic and speech-language studies of typical individuals carrying different genotypes of rs9616915 should provide novel insights into the neurological and psychological bases of speech and language alterations among individuals with SHANK3 mutations and Phelan–McDermid syndrome.
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16
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Shekari E, Goudarzi S, Shahriari E, Joghataei MT. Extreme capsule is a bottleneck for ventral pathway. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2021; 10:42-50. [PMID: 33861816 PMCID: PMC8019950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As neuroscience literature suggests, extreme capsule is considered a whiter matter tract. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether extreme capsule itself is an association fiber pathway or only a bottleneck for other association fibers to pass. Via our review, investigating anatomical position, connectivity and cognitive role of the bundles in extreme capsule, and by analyzing data from the dissection, it can be argued that extreme capsule is probably a bottleneck for the passage of uncinated fasciculus (UF) and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), and these fasciculi are responsible for the respective roles in language processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shekari
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Goudarzi
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Shahriari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author.
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17
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Kraguljac NV, Monroe WS, Anthony T, Jindal RD, Hill H, Lahti AC. Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) and Duration of Untreated Psychosis in Antipsychotic Medication-Naïve First Episode Psychosis Patients. NEUROIMAGE. REPORTS 2021; 1:100005. [PMID: 36969709 PMCID: PMC10038586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2021.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Diffusion tensor imaging suggests that white matter alterations are already evident in first episode psychosis patients (FEP) and may become more prominent as the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) increases. But because the tensor model lacks specificity, it remains unclear how to interpret findings on a biological level. Here, we used a biophysical diffusion model, Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI), to map microarchitecture in FEP, and to investigate associations between DUP and microarchitectural integrity. Methods We scanned 78 antipsychotic medication-naïve FEP and 64 healthy controls using a multi-shell diffusion weighted sequence and used the NODDI toolbox to compute neurite density (ND), orientation dispersion index (ODI) and extracellular free water (FW) maps. AFNI's 3dttest++ was used to compare diffusion maps between groups and to perform regression analyses with DUP. Results We found that ND was decreased in commissural and association fibers but increased in projection fibers in FEP. ODI was largely increased regardless of fiber type, and FW showed a mix of increase in decrease across fiber tracts. We also demonstrated associations between DUP and microarchitecture for all NODDI indices. Conclusions We demonstrated that complex microarchitecture abnormalities are already evident in antipsychotic-naïve FEP. ND alterations are differentially expressed depending on fiber type, while decreased fiber complexity appears to be a uniform marker of white matter deficit in the illness. Importantly, we identified an empirical link between longer DUP and greater white matter pathology across NODDI indices, underscoring the critical importance of early intervention in this devastating illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Vanessa Kraguljac
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - William Stonewall Monroe
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering/ IT Research Computing, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Thomas Anthony
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering/ IT Research Computing, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | | | - Harrison Hill
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Adrienne Carol Lahti
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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18
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Surbeck W, Gerardy F, Moura ABMD, Deprez L, Martin D, Scholtes F. A case of aphasia due to temporobasal edema: Contemporary models of language anatomy are clinically relevant. Surg Neurol Int 2020; 11:212. [PMID: 32874715 PMCID: PMC7451163 DOI: 10.25259/sni_351_2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Understanding the anatomy of language in the human brain is crucial for neurosurgical decision making and complication avoidance. The traditional anatomical models of human language, relying on relatively simple and rigid concepts of brain connectivity, cannot explain all clinical observations. The clinical case reported here illustrates the relevance of more recent concepts of language networks involving white matter tracts and their connections. Case Description: Postoperative edema of the ventral occipitotemporal cortex, where modern network models locate a crucial language hub, resulted in transient severe aphasia after a subtemporal approach. Both verbal comprehension and expression were lost. The resolution of edema was associated with complete recovery from phonetic and semantic dysfunction. Conclusion: Complete aphasia due to a functional disturbance remote from the areas of Broca and Wernicke could be explained by contemporary neuroanatomical concepts of white matter connectivity. Knowledge of network-based models is relevant in brain surgery complication avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Surbeck
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zürich, Militarstrasse, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Francois Gerardy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Liège, Avenue de L'hopital 1, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Neuroanatomy, University Hospital of Liège, Avenue de L'hopital 1, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Louis Deprez
- Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Liège, Avenue de L'hopital 1, Liège, Belgium
| | - Didier Martin
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Liège, Avenue de L'hopital 1, Liège, Belgium
| | - Felix Scholtes
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Liège, Avenue de L'hopital 1, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Neuroanatomy, University Hospital of Liège, Avenue de L'hopital 1, Liège, Belgium
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19
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Kim SH, Jeon HE, Park CH. Relationship between Visual Perception and Microstructural Change of the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus in Patients with Brain Injury in the Right Hemisphere: A Preliminary Diffusion Tensor Tractography Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10090641. [PMID: 32867118 PMCID: PMC7555244 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Right hemisphere brain damage often results in visual-spatial deficits. Because various microstructural changes of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) after a stroke in the right hemisphere affect visual perception, including neglect, the present study investigates the relationship between both microstructural change and lateralization of SLF and visual perception, using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in patients with lesions in the right hemisphere. Eight patients with strokes (five patients with intracranial hemorrhage, and three patients with infarction; mean age of 52.5 years) and 16 mean-age-matched healthy control subjects were involved in this study. The visual perception of all eight patients was assessed with the motor-free visual perception test (MVPT), and their SLFs were reconstructed using DTI. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the DTI parameters of the patients and the control subjects. Moreover, patients with microstructural damage to the right SLF showed impairment of visual perception. In patients with damage to both the dorsal and ventral pathways of the right SLF, spatial neglect was present. However, although a leftward SLF asymmetry was revealed in our patients, this lateralization did not show a relationship with visual perception. In conclusion, the microstructural changes of the right SLF play an important role in visual perception, and both pathways contribute to spatial neglect, but leftward lateralization of the right SFL activity after a stroke does not contribute to general visual perception.
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