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Wienkenjohann H, Mosthaf K, Fischer LM, Bennedsen L, Flyvbjerg J, Christophersen M, Rolle M. Low-temperature Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage combined with in situ bioremediation of chlorinated ethenes: Pilot-scale observations and model-based interpretation. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2024; 267:104421. [PMID: 39276715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Microbial reductive dechlorination is a key process in aquifers contaminated with chlorinated ethenes and results in a net mass reduction of organic pollutants. Biodegradation rates in the subsurface are temperature-dependent and may be enhanced by increased groundwater temperatures. This study explores the potential of combining the temperature increase from low-temperature Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage with In Situ Bioremediation (ATES-ISB). The effects of highly dynamic groundwater flow and heat transport on microbial degradation rates were examined in a contaminated aquifer based on a pilot-scale experiment and a comprehensive process-based modeling analysis. The low-temperature ATES-ISB pilot test was carried out in Birkerød (Denmark), in an aquifer contaminated with trichloroethene by implementing a groundwater flow dipole, injecting heated groundwater, biostimulating the system with lactate and bioaugmenting it with a Dehalococcoides containing culture. Solute concentrations were monitored in four observation wells over the course of the test and a non-isothermal reactive transport model, solved in a two-dimensional heterogeneous domain, was developed to quantitatively interpret the experimental observations. The process-based numerical model also allowed evaluating the evolution of chlorinated ethenes concentrations considering different hydraulic, thermal, and operational scenarios. The results demonstrate the beneficial combination of ATES with in situ contaminant bioremediation, showing enhancement of contaminant mass reduction and more complete reductive dechlorination. The developed process-based model can be instrumental for the design and parameterization of pilot and full scale low-temperature ATES-ISB remediation in shallow aquifer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Wienkenjohann
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Klaus Mosthaf
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Line Mørkebjerg Fischer
- Centre for Regional Development, Capital Region of Denmark, Kongens Vænge 2, 3400 Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Lars Bennedsen
- Ramboll, Englandsgade 25, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; dsm-firmenich, Limfjordsvej 4, 6715 Esbjerg N, Denmark
| | - John Flyvbjerg
- Centre for Regional Development, Capital Region of Denmark, Kongens Vænge 2, 3400 Hillerød, Denmark
| | | | - Massimo Rolle
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Technical University of Darmstadt, Department of Materials and Geosciences, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Schnittspahnstr. 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Huang W, Cao L, Ge R, Wan Z, Zheng D, Li F, Li G, Zhang F. Higher thermal remediation temperature facilitates the sequential bioaugmented reductive dechlorination. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 475:134825. [PMID: 38876014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The coupling of thermal remediation with microbial reductive dechlorination (MRD) has shown promising potential for the cleanup of chlorinated solvent contaminated sites. In this study, thermal treatment and bioaugmentation were applied in series, where prior higher thermal remediation temperature led to improved TCE dechlorination performance with both better organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) colonization and electron donor availability. The 60 °C was found to be a key temperature point where the promotion effect became obvious. Amplicon sequencing and co-occurrence network analysis demonstrated that temperature was a more dominating factor than bioaugmentation that impacted microbial community structure. Higher temperature of prior thermal treatment resulted in the decrease of richness, diversity of indigenous microbial communities, and simplified the network structure, which benefited the build-up of newcoming microorganisms during bioaugmentation. Thus, the abundance of Desulfitobacterium increased from 0.11 % (25 °C) to 3.10 % (90 °C). Meanwhile, released volatile fatty acids (VFAs) during thermal remediation functioned as electron donors and boosted MRD. Our results provided temperature-specific information on synergistic effect of sequential thermal remediation and bioaugmentation, which contributed to better implementation of the coupled technologies in chloroethene-impacted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lifeng Cao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing 100015, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Runlei Ge
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ziren Wan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Di Zheng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fangzhou Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guanghe Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing 100015, China.
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Niu S, Li C, Gao S, Tian J, Zhang C, Li L, Huang Y, Lyu H. Biochar, microbes, and biochar-microbe synergistic treatment of chlorinated hydrocarbons in groundwater: a review. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1443682. [PMID: 39091302 PMCID: PMC11291464 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1443682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Dehalogenating bacteria are still deficient when targeted to deal with chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs) contamination: e.g., slow metabolic rates, limited substrate range, formation of toxic intermediates. To enhance its dechlorination capacity, biochar and its composites with appropriate surface activity and biocompatibility are selected for coupled dechlorination. Because of its special surface physical and chemical properties, it promotes biofilm formation by dehalogenating bacteria on its surface and improves the living environment for dehalogenating bacteria. Next, biochar and its composites provide active sites for the removal of CHCs through adsorption, activation and catalysis. These sites can be specific metal centers, functional groups or structural defects. Under microbial mediation, these sites can undergo activation and catalytic cycles, thereby increasing dechlorination efficiency. However, there is a lack of systematic understanding of the mechanisms of dechlorination in biogenic and abiogenic systems based on biochar. Therefore, this article comprehensively summarizes the recent research progress of biochar and its composites as a "Taiwan balm" for the degradation of CHCs in terms of adsorption, catalysis, improvement of microbial community structure and promotion of degradation and metabolism of CHCs. The removal efficiency, influencing factors and reaction mechanism of the degraded CHCs were also discussed. The following conclusions were drawn, in the pure biochar system, the CHCs are fixed to its surface by adsorption through chemical bonds on its surface; the biochar composite material relies on persistent free radicals and electron shuttle mechanisms to react with CHCs, disrupting their molecular structure and reducing them; biochar-coupled microorganisms reduce CHCs primarily by forming an "electron shuttle bridge" between biological and non-biological organisms. Finally, the experimental directions to be carried out in the future are suggested to explore the optimal solution to improve the treatment efficiency of CHCs in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Niu
- Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, Jinan, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Changsuo Li
- Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, Jinan, China
| | - Jingya Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, Jinan, China
| | - Lixia Li
- Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, Jinan, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
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Li R, Xi B, Wang X, Li Y, Yuan Y, Tan W. Anaerobic oxidation of methane in landfill and adjacent groundwater environments: Occurrence, mechanisms, and potential applications. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121498. [PMID: 38522398 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Landfills remain the predominant means of solid waste management worldwide. Widespread distribution and significant stockpiles of waste in landfills make them a significant source of methane emissions, exacerbating climate change. Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) has been shown to play a critical role in mitigating methane emissions on a global scale. The rich methane and electron acceptor environment in landfills provide the necessary reaction conditions for AOM, making it a potentially low-cost and effective strategy for reducing methane emissions in landfills. However, compared to other anaerobic habitats, research on AOM in landfill environments is scarce, and there is a lack of analysis on the potential application of AOM in different zones of landfills. Therefore, this review summarizes the existing knowledge on AOM and its occurrence in landfills, analyzes the possibility of AOM occurrence in different zones of landfills, discusses its potential applications, and explores the challenges and future research directions for AOM in landfill management. The identification of research gaps and future directions outlined in this review encourages further investigation and advancement in the field of AOM, paving the way for more effective waste stabilization, greenhouse gas reduction, and pollutant mitigation strategies in landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Yanjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Ying Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
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Lee HC, Chen SC, Sheu YT, Yao CL, Lo KH, Kao CM. Bioremediation of trichloroethylene-contaminated groundwater using green carbon-releasing substrate with pH control capability. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123768. [PMID: 38493868 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In this research, a sustainable substrate, termed green and long-lasting substrate (GLS), featuring a blend of emulsified substrate (ES) and modified rice husk ash (m-RHA) was devised. The primary objective was to facilitate the bioremediation of groundwater contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE) using innovative GLS for slow carbon release and pH control. The GLS was concocted by homogenizing a mixture of soybean oil, surfactants (Simple Green™ and soya lecithin), and m-RHA, ensuring a gradual release of carbon sources. The hydrothermal synthesis was applied for the production of m-RHA production. The analyses demonstrate that m-RHA were uniform sphere-shape granules with diameters in micro-scale ranges. Results from the microcosm study show that approximately 83% of TCE could be removed (initial TCE concentration = 7.6 mg/L) with GLS supplement after 60 days of operation. Compared to other substrates without RHA addition, higher TCE removal efficiency was obtained, and higher Dehalococcoides sp. (DHC) population and hydA gene (hydrogen-producing gene) copy number were also detected in microcosms with GLS addition. Higher hydrogen concentrations enhanced the DHC growth, which corresponded to the increased DHC populations. The addition of the GLS could provide alkalinity at the initial stage to neutralize the acidified groundwater caused by the produced organic acids after substrate biodegradation, which was advantageous to DHC growth and TCE dechlorination. The addition of m-RHA reached an increased TCE removal efficiency, which was due to the fact that the m-RHA had the zeolite-like structure with a higher surface area and lower granular diameter, and thus, it resulted in a more effective initial adsorption effect. Therefore, a significant amount of TCE could be adsorbed onto the surface of m-RHA, which caused a rapid TCE removal through adsorption. The carbon substrates released from m-RHA could then enhance the subsequent dechlorination. The developed GLS is an environmentally-friendly and green substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chia Lee
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Ching Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Chung-Li City, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Terng Sheu
- General Education Center, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hung Lo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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6
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Medina-Ruiz A, Jiménez-Millán J, Abad I, Gálvez A, Grande MJ, Jiménez-Espinosa R. Aragonite crystallization in a sulfate-rich hypersaline wetland under dry Mediterranean climate (Laguna Honda, eastern Guadalquivir basin, S Spain). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171362. [PMID: 38428615 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
This research investigates the influence of water composition, the presence of seasonal algal mats, detrital inputs and the activity of microorganisms on the crystallization of aragonite in the sediments deposited in the hypersaline Laguna Honda wetland (S of Spain). The high alkaline and hypersaline waters (pH > 9.2 and C.E. > 70 mS/cm) of the wetland lake are rich in SO42- (>24,000 mg/l), Cl- (>21,000 mg/l), Na+ (>11,000 mg/l) Mg2+ (>8400 mg/l) and Ca2+ (>1000 mg/l), and are supersaturated for dolomite, calcite and aragonite. Sediments have lower pH values than column waters, oscillating from 8.54 in the low Eh (up to -80.9 mV) central deep sediments and 6.33 in the shallower higher Eh (around -13.6 mV) shore sediments. Erosion of the surrounding olive groves soils produced detrital silicates rich sediments with concretions of carbonate or sulfate. Aragonite (up to 19 %) and pyrite (up to 13 %) are mainly concentrated in the organic matter rich samples from the upper part of the sediment cores, whereas gypsum is preferably concentrated in low organic matter content samples. Mineral crusts containing a MgAl silicate phase, epsomite, halite and gypsum are precipitated on the floating algal mats covering the wetland waters. Floating algal mats deposit increased the organic matter content of the upper sediments which promoted the presence of fermentative microorganisms, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) communities and variations of Eh that influence the authigenesis of carbonate and S-bearing minerals. Replacement of poorly crystalline MgSi phases infilling algal cells by aragonite was favored in the organic matter rich sediments with low Eh values and important SRB communities that promoted sulfate bioreduction processes to form pyrite. Aragonite precipitation was favored by the increase of carbonate and bicarbonate concentration produced by the SRB oxidation of organic matter, the CO2 degassing by high summer temperatures and the CO2 uptake by photosynthesis of the algal mats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Medina-Ruiz
- Department of Geology and CEACTEMA, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan Jiménez-Millán
- Department of Geology and CEACTEMA, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Isabel Abad
- Department of Geology and CEACTEMA, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Gálvez
- Microbiology Division, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - María José Grande
- Microbiology Division, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Rosario Jiménez-Espinosa
- Department of Geology and CEACTEMA, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
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Liu Z, Zhang Y, Yang S, Yang J, Zhang T, Sun Z, Wang L. Surfactant-enhanced anoxic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aged subsurface soil at high temperature (60 °C). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:116884. [PMID: 37574098 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Thermally enhanced anoxic biodegradation is emerging as a promising method for removing PAHs from subsurface soil. However, some PAHs still remain in soil following remediation with thermally enhanced anoxic degradation due to low bioavailability of these residual PAHs. The effects of five surfactants (Tween 80, TX 100, Brij 30, SDS, and SDBS) on the desorption of PAHs, anoxic degradation of PAHs, and native bacteria in soil at high temperature (60 °C) were evaluated in this study. The desorption of PAHs in soil increased as surfactant concentration increased. Low doses of surfactants (0.08%, w/w) enhanced the growth of potential PAHs degrading bacteria and promoted the anoxic degradation of PAHs, whereas high doses of surfactants (0.3%-0.8%, w/w) displayed the opposite effect, and the degree of inhibition increased with increasing surfactant concentration. The results also indicated that the inhibitory effect of anionic surfactants (SDS and SDBS) on microbial growth and PAHs degradation is stronger than that of nonionic surfactants (Tween 80, TX 100 and Brij 30) at the same concentration. These results suggest a feasible way of enhancing the anoxic degradation of PAHs in soil where heat cannot be effectively utilized when in situ thermal desorption (ISTD) technology is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, PR China
| | - Yewen Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Guangxi, 530004, PR China
| | - Sucai Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, PR China.
| | - Junxing Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, PR China
| | - Zhongping Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, PR China
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He Z, Liang F, Meng J. Effects of injection directions and boundary exchange times on adaptive pumping in heterogeneous porous media: Pore-scale simulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161427. [PMID: 36623650 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive pumping, changing pumping rates or exchanging injection and extraction wells, is an enhancement of traditional Pump-and-Treat (P&T) technology. Since most previous studies on adaptive pumping are conducted through field-scale simulations, the mechanism behind it is not fully understood. An in-depth investigation of the pore-scale remediation mechanism of adaptive pumping is undoubtedly helpful in combining it with other decontamination methods to further enhance the remediation efficiency. In this study, coupling the Cahn-Hilliard phase field method and the Navier-Stokes equations, the dynamic displacement process in a heterogeneous porous medium is obtained. The effects of initial injection direction, boundary exchange times, and displacement regimes on the interface evolution and the remediation efficiency are systematically investigated. The results present that a significant increase in phase interface area is the most critical remediation mechanism for adaptive pumping. The effects of injection directions and boundary exchange times on remediation performance are mainly determined by the differences in pore connectivity and flow parameters. Higher pore connectivity under high and low viscosity ratios inhibits and promotes remediation performance, respectively. At high viscosity ratios, the residual oil morphology in the matrix after adaptive pumping is similar to that obtained by positive pumping with the opposite initial injection direction. The improvement in remediation performance of adaptive pumping is more significant under low viscosity ratio conditions. These results provide new pore-scale insights into the remediation mechanism of adaptive pumping, which contribute to the design and application of innovative remediation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan He
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Fachun Liang
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Safety, Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Jia Meng
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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9
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Czinnerova M, Stejskal V, Markova K, Nosek J, Riha J, Sevcu A. Field application of glycerol to enhance reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes and its impact on microbial community. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136640. [PMID: 36181841 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated ethenes (CEs) are common and persistent contaminants of soil and groundwater. Their degradation is mostly driven by a process of bacterial reductive dechlorination (also called organohalide respiration) in anaerobic conditions. This study summarizes the outcomes of the long-term in-situ application of glycerol for the enhanced reductive dechlorination of CEs on a highly contaminated site. Glycerol injection resulted in an almost immediate increase in the abundance of fermentative Firmicutes, which produce essential sources of carbon (acetate) and electrons (H2) for organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) and change groundwater conditions to be suitable for OHRB growth. The decreased redox potential of groundwater promoted also the proliferation of sulfate-reducing bacteria, which compete for electron donors with OHRB but at the same time support their growth by producing essential corrinoids and acetate. A considerable increase in the abundance of OHRB Dehalococcoides, concurrently with vinyl chloride (VC) reductase gene levels, was revealed by real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. Consistent with the shifts in bacterial populations, the concentrations of pollutants tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene decreased during the monitoring period, with rising levels of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, VC, and most importantly, the final CE degradation products: ethene and ethane. Our study implies the importance of syntrophic bacterial interactions for successful and complete CE degradation and evaluates glycerol as convenient substrate to enhance reductive dechlorination and as an effective source of electrons for OHRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Czinnerova
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic; Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - Vojtech Stejskal
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Markova
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Nosek
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Riha
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic; Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Sevcu
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic.
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10
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Tomita R, Yoshida N, Meng L. Formate: A promising electron donor to enhance trichloroethene-to-ethene dechlorination in Dehalococcoides-augmented groundwater ecosystems with minimal bacterial growth. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136080. [PMID: 35988762 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Various substrates have been used to stimulate habitat microbes in chloroethene-contaminated groundwater, however, the specific efficiency and minimum growth of microbes have rarely been studied. This study investigated the effects of seven substrates on trichloroethene (TCE) dechlorination by augmentation of groundwater with Dehalococcoides mccartyi NIT01 and its contribution to the microbial community. Three out of eight test groups completed dechlorination of 1 mM TCE-to-ethene in varying durations; groundwater supplemented with formate (FOR) required 78 days, whereas the microcosms with lactate (LAC) and citrate (CIT) required approximately twice as long (143 days). The calculated efficiency of how much produced H2 was used in dechlorination indicated a higher efficiency in FOR (36%) compared with LAC (1.9%) or CIT (2.9%). FOR showed lower microbial growth (3.4 × 105 copies/mL) than LAC (1.5 × 106) or CIT (4.4 × 106), and maintained a higher Shannon diversity index (5.65) than LAC (4.97) and CIT (4.30). The rapid and higher H2 transfer efficiency with lower bacterial growth by using formate was attributed to the slightly positive Gibbs free energy identified in H2 production requiring a H2-utilizer, lower carbon in the molecule, and adaptation to metabolic potential of the original groundwater microbiome. Formate is, therefore, a promising electron donor for rapid Dehalococcoides-augmented remediation with minimum bacterial growth. Sequential transferring of the FOR culture successfully maintained TCE-to-ethene dechlorination activity and enriched the members of genera Dehalococcoides (33%), Methanosphaerula (23%), Rectinema (13%), and Desulfitobacterium (5.6%). This suggests that formate is transferred to H2 and acetate, and provided to Dehalococcoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuya Tomita
- Department of Civil Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology (Nitech), Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Naoko Yoshida
- Department of Civil Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology (Nitech), Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan.
| | - Lingyu Meng
- Department of Civil Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology (Nitech), Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
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11
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Perez‐Molphe‐Montoya E, Küsel K, Overholt WA. Redefining the phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of phylum Omnitrophota. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:5437-5449. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirsten Küsel
- Institute of Biodiversity Friedrich Schiller University Jena Germany
- The German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐ Leipzig Germany
| | - Will A. Overholt
- Institute of Biodiversity Friedrich Schiller University Jena Germany
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12
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Hudari MSB, Richnow H, Vogt C, Nijenhuis I. Mini-review: effect of temperature on microbial reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated ethenes: a review. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6638985. [PMID: 35810002 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature is a key factor affecting microbial activity and ecology. An increase in temperature generally increases rates of microbial processes up to a certain threshold, above which rates decline rapidly. In the subsurface, temperature of groundwater is usually stable and related to the annual average temperature at the surface. However, anthropogenic activities related to the use of the subsurface, e.g. for thermal heat management, foremost heat storage, will affect the temperature of groundwater locally. This mini-review intends to summarize the current knowledge on reductive dehalogenation activities of the chlorinated ethenes, common urban groundwater contaminants, at different temperatures. This includes an overview of activity and dehalogenation extent at different temperatures in laboratory isolates and enrichment cultures, the effect of shifts in temperature in micro- and mesocosm studies as well as observed biotransformation at different natural and induced temperatures at contaminated field sites. Furthermore, we address indirect effects on biotransformation, e.g. changes in fermentation, methanogenesis and sulfate reduction as competing or synergetic microbial processes. Finally, we address the current gaps in knowledge regarding bioremediation of chlorinated ethenes, microbial community shifts and bottlenecks for active combination with thermal energy storage, and necessities for bioaugmentation and/or natural re-populations after exposure to high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sufian Bin Hudari
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carsten Vogt
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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13
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Wang Q, Guo S, Ali M, Song X, Tang Z, Zhang Z, Zhang M, Luo Y. Thermally enhanced bioremediation: A review of the fundamentals and applications in soil and groundwater remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 433:128749. [PMID: 35364527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermally enhanced bioremediation (TEB), a new concept proposed in recent years, explores the combination of thermal treatment and bioremediation to address the challenges of the low efficiency and long duration of bioremediation. This study presented a comprehensive review regarding the fundamentals of TEB and its applications in soil and groundwater remediation. The temperature effects on the bioremediation of contaminants were systematically reviewed. The thermal effects on the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil, and the corresponding changes of contaminants bioavailability and microbial metabolic activities were summarized. Specifically, the increase in temperature within a suitable range can proliferate enzymes enrichment, extracellular polysaccharides and biosurfactants production, and further enhancing bioremediation. Furthermore, a systematic evaluation of TEB applications by utilizing traditional in situ heating technologies, as well as renewable energy (e.g., stored aquifer thermal energy and solar energy), was provided. Additionally, TEB has been applied as a biological polishing technology post thermal treatment, which can be a cost-effective method to address the contaminants rebounds in groundwater remediation. However, there are still various challenges to be addressed in TEB, and future research perspectives to further improve the basic understanding and applications of TEB for the remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Siwei Guo
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mukhtiar Ali
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhiwen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhuanxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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14
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Zhang X, Luo M, Deng S, Long T, Sun L, Yu R. Field study of microbial community structure and dechlorination activity in a multi-solvents co-contaminated site undergoing natural attenuation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127010. [PMID: 34474368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BTEX and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) are the common pollutants found at contaminated sites, and natural attenuation (NA) of CAHs was widely observed where they coexist. In this work, the groundwater in a site co-contaminated with BTEX and CAHs was monitored for 1 year. The compositions and activities of the microfloras, especially dechlorinators and their relationships with the contaminants, geochemical properties, seasons and depth were evaluated. The results are consistent with the well-known NA conceptual model where CAHs are not able to stimulate the enrichment of dechlorinators alone, but BTEX does promote dechlorination. The higher temperature, rather than ORP in the deeper groundwater of the wet season became a key factor to promote the abundance of dechlorinators, but only when BTEX was available, indicating that the substrates from the BTEX biodegradation played an important role in the dechlorinator enrichment. The elevated ORP in the shallower groundwater exceeded the optimum conditions for reductive dechlorination and no significant seasonal variation of dechlorinators was found. The co-occurrence network revealed the cooperative interactions among the functional microfloras in which dechlorinators, BTEX degraders, and fermentative bacteria jointly promoted the dechlorination. These findings provided us a further understanding of the NA processes in a commingled plume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Moye Luo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaopo Deng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Long
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liwei Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Chen WT, Chen KF, Surmpalli RY, Zhang TC, Ou JH, Kao CM. Bioremediation of trichloroethylene-polluted groundwater using emulsified castor oil for slow carbon release and acidification control. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e1673. [PMID: 34861087 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the emulsified castor oil (ECO) substrate was developed for a long-term supplement of biodegradable carbon with pH buffering capacity to anaerobically bioremediate trichloroethylene (TCE)-polluted groundwater. The ECO was produced by mixing castor oil, surfactants (sapindales and soya lecithin [SL]), vitamin complex, and a citrate/sodium phosphate dibasic buffer system together for slow carbon release. Results of the emulsification experiments and microcosm tests indicate that ECO emulsion had uniform small droplets (diameter = 539 nm) with stable oil-in-water characteristics. ECO had a long-lasting, dispersive, negative zeta potential (-13 mv), and biodegradable properties (viscosity = 357 cp). Approximately 97% of TCE could be removed with ECO supplement after a 95-day operational period without the accumulation of TCE dechlorination byproducts (dichloroethylene and vinyl chloride). The buffer system could neutralize acidified groundwater, and citrate could be served as a primary substrate. ECO addition caused an abrupt TCE adsorption at the initial stage and the subsequent removal of adsorbed TCE. Results from the next generation sequences and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) indicate that the increased microbial communities and TCE-degrading bacterial consortia were observed after ECO addition. ECO could be used as a pH-control and carbon substrate to enhance anaerobic TCE biodegradation effectively. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Emulsified castor oil (ECO) contains castor oil, surfactants, and buffer for a slow carbon release and pH control. ECO can be a long-term carbon source for trichloroethylene (TCE) dechlorination without causing acidification. TCE removal after ECO addition is due to adsorption and reductive dechlorination mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan
| | - Ku-Fan Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Taiwan
| | - Rao Y Surmpalli
- Global Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, Lenexa, Kansas, USA
| | - Tian C Zhang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jiun-Hau Ou
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan
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16
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Yamazaki Y, Kitamura G, Tian X, Suzuki I, Kobayashi T, Shimizu T, Inoue D, Ike M. Temperature dependence of sequential chlorinated ethenes dechlorination and the dynamics of dechlorinating microorganisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:131989. [PMID: 34450366 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermally enhanced bioremediation is a promising approach to shorten the bioremediation period of tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE). To clarify the influence that temperature has on stepwise PCE dechlorination and associated microorganisms, this study conducted dechlorination experiments using contaminated soil and groundwater under five distinct temperature conditions (i.e., 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C). PCE and TCE were dechlorinated most rapidly at 25-35 °C, whereas the preferable temperatures for the dechlorination of cis-1,2- dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) were 25-30 °C and 25 °C, respectively. Microbial community analysis revealed that Sulfurospirillum and Geobacter may have a dominant contribution to the dechlorination of PCE to cis-1,2-DCE, whereas Dehalococcoides harboring VC reductase genes are likely major contributors to the dechlorination of cis-1,2-DCE and VC. These results suggest that temperature influences various microbial groups, including major dechlorinating microorganisms, resulting in the different extent of PCE dechlorination. In addition, the microbial community structure greatly changed after the onset of the experiment, whereas the temperature influence of 15-30 °C on the microbial community structure was minor; however, the microbial community was significantly impacted at 35 °C. Collectively, these results suggest that thermally enhanced anaerobic dechlorination at 25 °C is useful for successful dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes in a short period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Yamazaki
- Research & Development Institute, TAKENAKA Corporation, 1-5-1 Otsuka, Inzai, Chiba, Japan; Division of Sustainable Energy and Environment Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Gaku Kitamura
- Research & Development Institute, TAKENAKA Corporation, 1-5-1 Otsuka, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Xiaowei Tian
- Center for Creation of Symbiosis Society with Risk, Institute of Advanced Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ichiro Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Division of Artificial Environment and Information Research, Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takaaki Shimizu
- Technical Headquarters, TAKENAKA Corporation, 1-1-1 Shinsuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Inoue
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environment Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michihiko Ike
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environment Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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17
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Lüders K, Hornbruch G, Zarrabi N, Heldt S, Dahmke A, Köber R. Predictability of initial hydrogeochemical effects induced by short-term infiltration of ∼75 °C hot water into a shallow glaciogenic aquifer. WATER RESEARCH X 2021; 13:100121. [PMID: 34647002 PMCID: PMC8498095 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2021.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite their potential in heating supply systems, thus far high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storages (HT-ATES) currently lack widespread application. Reducing the potential risks by improving the predictability of hydrogeochemical processes accelerated or initiated at elevated temperatures might promote the development of this technology. Therefore, we report the results of a short-term hot water infiltration field test with subsurface temperatures above 70 °C, along with associated laboratory batch tests at 10, 40 and 70 °C for 28 sediment samples to determine their usability for geochemical prediction. Most groundwater components had lower maximal concentrations and smaller concentration ranges in field samples compared to the batch tests. This indicates that the strongest geochemical effects observed in laboratory tests with sufficient site-specific sediment samples will likely be attenuated at the field scale. A comparison of field measurements with predicted concentration ranges, based on temperature induced relative concentration changes from the batch tests, revealed that the predictive power was greatest, where the hot infiltrated water had cooled least and the strongest geochemical effects occurred. The batch test-based predictions showed the best accordance with field data for components, with significant temperature-induced concentration changes related to ion exchange and (de)sorption processes. However, accurate prediction of concentration changes based on other processes, e.g. mineral dissolution, and downstream reversals in concentrations, requires further investigation. The here presented procedure enables the prediction of maximal expectable temperature-dependant concentration changes for most environmentally relevant ancillary groundwater components, e.g. As, with limited effort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ralf Köber
- Institute of Geosciences - Kiel University
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18
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Wu Y, Wu J, Wu Z, Zhou J, Zhou L, Lu Y, Liu X, Wu W. Groundwater contaminated with short-chain chlorinated paraffins and microbial responses. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 204:117605. [PMID: 34488140 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The vertical migrations of toxic and persistent short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) in soils as well as the microbial responses have been reported, however, there is a paucity of data on the resulting groundwater contamination. Here, we determined the concentration and congener profile of SCCPs in the groundwater beneath a production plant of chlorinated paraffins (CPs) and characterized the microbial community to explore their responses to SCCPs. Results showed that SCCPs ranged from not detected to 70.3 μg/L, with C13-CPs (11.2-65.8%) and Cl7-CPs (27.2-50.6%), in mass ratio, as the dominant groups. Similar to the distribution pattern in soils, SCCPs in groundwater were distributed in hotspot pattern. CP synthesis was the source of SCCPs in groundwater and the entire contamination plume significantly migrated downgradient, while there was an apparent hysteresis of C13-CP migration. Groundwater microbial community was likely shaped by both hydrogeological condition (pH and depth) and SCCPs. Specifically, the microbial community responded to the contamination by forming a co-occurrence network with "small world" feature, where Desulfobacca, Desulfomonile, Ferritrophicum, Methylomonas, Syntrophobacter, Syntrophorhabdus, Syntrophus, and Thermoanaerobaculum were the keystone taxa. Furthermore, the interrelations between bacterial taxa and SCCPs indicated that the microbial community might cooperate to achieve the dechlorination and mineralization of SCCPs through either anaerobic organohalide respiration mainly functioned by the keystone taxa, or cometabolic degradation processes functioned by Aquabacterium and Hydrogenophaga. Results of this study would provide a better understanding of the environmental behavior and ecological effects of SCCPs in groundwater systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Wu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Zhuohao Wu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Jingyan Zhou
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Lingli Zhou
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Yang Lu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Wencheng Wu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou 510655, PR China.
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19
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Lhotský O, Kukačka J, Slunský J, Marková K, Němeček J, Knytl V, Cajthaml T. The effects of hydraulic/pneumatic fracturing-enhanced remediation (FRAC-IN) at a site contaminated by chlorinated ethenes: A case study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125883. [PMID: 33971551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A low-permeability locality with heterogeneous geology contaminated primarily by tetrachloroethene (PCE) present partially in the free phase in the unsaturated zone was treated on a pilot scale via direct push pneumatic fracturing combined with the hydraulic delivery of a remediation suspension consisting of milled iron, sulphidated nanosized zerovalent iron and sand in guar gum solution. Afterwards, a whey solution was injected into the fractures as a carbon source for bacteria. The unsaturated and saturated zones were treated. Long-term monitoring of the groundwater revealed that the abiotic reduction of PCE and trichloroethene was the dominant remediation processes for several months after the injections. A complex microbial consortium was developed that was capable of effective, long-term chlorinated ethenes (ClE) dechlorination. The consortium consisted mainly of Dehalococcoides but also of other anaerobic bacterial strains capable of partial dechlorination of ClE, including the sulphate-reducing bacteria; Geobacter and Desulfitobacterium. The average chlorine number in the groundwater decreased from 3.65 to 1.38 within 2.5 years after the injections, while the average ClE concentration increased from 13.5 to 31.5 mgL-1 because of the substantial acceleration of the ClE mass-transfer to the groundwater caused by the treatment. The remediation processes remained fully active for 2.5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Lhotský
- DEKONTA a.s., Volutová 2523, CZ-158 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kukačka
- DEKONTA a.s., Volutová 2523, CZ-158 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Slunský
- NANO IRON, s.r.o., Topolová 933, CZ-667 01 Židlochovice, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Marková
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Němeček
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Knytl
- DEKONTA a.s., Volutová 2523, CZ-158 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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20
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Keller NS, Hornbruch G, Lüders K, Werban U, Vogt C, Kallies R, Dahmke A, Richnow HH. Monitoring of the effects of a temporally limited heat stress on microbial communities in a shallow aquifer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 781:146377. [PMID: 33794453 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) is a key concept for the use of renewable energy resources. Interest in ATES performed at high temperature (HT-ATES; > 60 °C) is increasing due to higher energetic efficiencies. HT-ATES induces temperature fluctuations that exceed the natural variability in shallow aquifers, which could lead to adverse effects in subsurface ecosystems by altering the groundwater chemistry, biodiversity, and microbial metabolic activity, resulting in changes of the groundwater quality, biogeochemical processes, and ecosystem functions. The aim of this study was to emulate the initial operating phase of a HT-ATES system with a short-term infiltration of warm water into Pleistocene sandur sediment and, consequently, to monitor the thermal effects on the groundwater microbiome inhabiting an imitated affected space of an HT-ATES system. Therefore, local groundwater was withdrawn, heated up to 75 °C, and re-infiltrated into a shallow aquifer located near Wittstock/Dosse (Brandenburg, Germany) for around five days. Groundwater samples taken regularly before and after the infiltration were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing for microbial diversity analyses as well as total cell counting. During the infiltration, a thermal plume with groundwater temperatures increasing from 9 ± 2 to up to ~65 °C was recorded. The highest temperature at which groundwater samples were taken was 34.9 °C, a temperature typically arising in the affected space of an HT-ATES system. The microbial communities in the groundwater were mainly composed of Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, and Actinobacteria, and the total cell numbers ranged from 3.2 * 104 to 3.1 * 106 cells ml-1. Neither the compositions of the microbial communities nor the total number of cells in groundwater were significantly changed upon moderate temperature increase, indicating that the diverse groundwater microbiome was resilient to the temporally limited heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina-Sophie Keller
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Götz Hornbruch
- University of Kiel, Institute for Geosciences, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Klas Lüders
- University of Kiel, Institute for Geosciences, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Werban
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Monitoring & Exploration Technologies, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Carsten Vogt
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - René Kallies
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Environmental Microbiology, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Andreas Dahmke
- University of Kiel, Institute for Geosciences, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Hans Hermann Richnow
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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21
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Cifuentes GR, Jiménez-Millán J, Quevedo CP, Gálvez A, Castellanos-Rozo J, Jiménez-Espinosa R. Trace element fixation in sediments rich in organic matter from a saline lake in tropical latitude with hydrothermal inputs (Sochagota Lake, Colombia): The role of bacterial communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143113. [PMID: 33131835 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We studied the relationships between the trace element concentration in sediments from a saline lake at a tropical latitude (Sochagota Lake, Colombia) containing hydrothermal and anthropic inputs with the organic matter content, the mineral assemblage composition and the activity of the bacterial communities of the sediments. Organic matter-poor sediments (TOC < 0.7%) with quartz and kaolinite near the southern entrance of the lake were enriched in Zr (up to 603 mg/kg) and some major detrital elements (Na, Ti, Al and Si). Fine-sized clay-rich sediments deposited in the deep zones of the lake (central and northern segments) were characterized by substantial organic matter (up to 11.10%) and the crystallization of S-bearing minerals, clay mineral mixed layers and illite. These sediments were enriched in S, Fe, Zn, Mo, Rb, Co, K, Cr, Sb, Ni, As, Ba, Cu, Mn, Pb, P, Mg, and Sr. The presence of Fe sulfide nanoparticles enriched in heavy metals encrusting microbial cells and a dominant sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) community (Desulfatiglans, Desulfobacterales and Sva0485) suggested that the precipitation of the hydrothermal S and the accumulation of trace elements in the sediments was regulated by SRB activity. The crystallization of S°, barite and calcite and the good correlations between Ba, Sr and Ca indicated that previously precipitated sulfide can be oxidized by the activity of a relevant sulfur-oxidizing bacterial community (Thioalkalimicrobium, Sulfurovum, Arcobacter and Sulfurimonas), possibly facilitating the release of the metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Ricardo Cifuentes
- Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Water Resources Research Group, University of Boyacá, 150003 Tunja, Colombia
| | - Juan Jiménez-Millán
- Department of Geology and CEACTEMA, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Claudia Patricia Quevedo
- Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Water Resources Research Group, University of Boyacá, 150003 Tunja, Colombia
| | - Antonio Gálvez
- Microbiology Division, Department of Health Sciences, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - José Castellanos-Rozo
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Environmental Management Group, University of Boyacá, 150003 Tunja, Colombia
| | - Rosario Jiménez-Espinosa
- Department of Geology and CEACTEMA, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
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22
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Lu SF, Wu YL, Chen Z, Li T, Shen C, Xuan LK, Xu L. Remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater using chemical reduction and solidification/stabilization method: a case study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:12766-12779. [PMID: 33094457 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a systematic on-site remediation case involving both heavy metal and organic contaminants in soil and groundwater in a historically industrial-used site in Shanghai, China. Lab-scale experiments and field tests were conducted to determine the optimum parameters for the removal of contaminants in soil and groundwater. It has been found that the remediation goal of hexavalent chromium in soil could be achieved with the mass content of added sodium hydrosulfite and ferrous sulfate reaching 3% + 6%. The total chromium in the groundwater was effectively removed, when the mass ratio of sodium metabisulfite was not less than 3 g/L, and the added quick lime made pH value not less than 9. The concentrations of arsenic and 1,2-dichloropropane in the groundwater decreased evidently after extraction and mixing of groundwater. The pH and calcium chloride dosage added should be larger than 9.5 and 5 g/L, respectively, to remove phosphate in groundwater. The removal efficiency of those contaminants was examined and evaluated after the on-site remediation. The results demonstrated that it was feasible to use the chemical reduction and solidification/stabilization methods for the on-site ex situ remediation of this site, which could be referenced for the realistic remediation of similar sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Feng Lu
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road No. 28, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Lin Wu
- SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Geo-Environment, Shuifeng Road No. 38, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Zhan Chen
- SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Geo-Environment, Shuifeng Road No. 38, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Tao Li
- SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Geo-Environment, Shuifeng Road No. 38, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Chao Shen
- SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Geo-Environment, Shuifeng Road No. 38, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Lin-Kang Xuan
- SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Geo-Environment, Shuifeng Road No. 38, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road No. 28, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
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23
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Liu J, Zhang X, Xu J, Qiu J, Zhu J, Cao H, He J. Anaerobic biodegradation of acetochlor by acclimated sludge and its anaerobic catabolic pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:141122. [PMID: 32810802 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Acetochlor is a chloroacetamide herbicide that has been widely used for weed control in recent decades. The contamination from its residue in the environment has raised major serious concerns. The aerobic degradation of acetochlor has been well studied; however, little is known regarding its anaerobic degradation. In the study, anaerobic sludge with high acetochlor degradation efficiency was obtained by pressure acclimation in a continuous flow anaerobic reactor. The acetochlor degradation dynamics followed a first-order kinetic reaction equation. The acclimated sludge could degrade six chloroacetamide herbicides with the degradation efficiencies observed as alachlor > acetochlor > propisochlor > butachlor > pretilachlor > metolachlor, and the N-alkoxyalkyl structure of these herbicides significantly affected their biodegradability. Five metabolites, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-N-(ethoxymethyl)-acetanilide, N-(2-methyl-6-ethylphenyl) acetamide, N-2-ethylphenyl acetamide, N-2-ethylphenyl formamide and 2-ethyl-N-carboxyl aniline were identified, and a putative anaerobic acetochlor degradation pathway, initiated by dechlorination, was subsequently proposed. During acclimation, the community diversity of both eubacteria and archaea in the anaerobic sludge decreased, while the abundance of microbes belonging to genera Sporomusa, Sporobacterium, Dechloromonas, Azotobacter and Methanobacterium were significantly increased and dominated the acclimated sludge, and showing a positive correlation with the acetochlor degradation capacity. These findings should be valuable to elucidate the mechanisms associated with the anaerobic catabolism of acetochlor and facilitate the engineering application of anaerobic treatment for removing acetochlor from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
| | - Jianyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
| | - Jiguo Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
| | - Jianchun Zhu
- Laboratory Centre of Life Science, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
| | - Hui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
| | - Jian He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
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24
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Wu YJ, Liu PWG, Hsu YS, Whang LM, Lin TF, Hung WN, Cho KC. Application of molecular biological tools for monitoring efficiency of trichloroethylene remediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:697-704. [PMID: 31195274 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is one of the most ubiquitous halogenated organic compounds of concerns of carcinogens in groundwater in Taiwan. Bioremediation has been recognized as a cost-effective approach in reducing TCE concentration. Five pilot-scale wells were constructed to monitor TCE concentrations in contaminated groundwater. With injection of EOS®, TCE was effectively degraded to 42%-93% by the end of 175 days. The biostimulation with EOS® was useful in establishing a micro-site anaerobic but with limited contribution. Dilution of the aquifer movement also caused the TCE reduction among injection and monitoring wells. The degradability was affected by the location and the proximity from the injection well. TCE concentrations found to be negatively correlated with the associated Dehalococcoides spp. and functional genes levels. Dhc concentration of 108 copies L-1 caused the initial 40% of TCE degradation. The well with the optimal degradation owned tceA of 109 cells L-1. T-RFLP results indicate the wells with the superior TCE degradability also performed the highest Shannon index number (means the highest diversity), which occurred on the same day that Dhc levels started to enlarge. Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Desulfuromonas chloroethenica were predominant species identified in the T-RFLP fingerprint profile. In brief, a variety of different factors including well locations, geochemical indicators, and microbial contribution were useful to explain the site-specific optimal TCE remediation approach. The consistence among TCE degradation, Dhc growing pattern, functional gene levels, and the dynamics of the microbial community structure present the novelty of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Wen Grace Liu
- Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan.
| | - You-Siang Hsu
- Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Ming Whang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsair-Fuh Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Nung Hung
- Industrial Technology Research Institute of Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ching Cho
- Industrial Technology Research Institute of Taiwan, Taiwan
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25
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Lee TH, Cao WZ, Tsang DCW, Sheu YT, Shia KF, Kao CM. Emulsified polycolloid substrate biobarrier for benzene and petroleum-hydrocarbon plume containment and migration control - A field-scale study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:839-848. [PMID: 30818208 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this field-scale study was to assess the effectiveness of applying an emulsified polycolloid substrate (EPS; containing cane molasses, soybean oil, and surfactants) biobarrier in the control and remediation of a petroleum-hydrocarbon plume in natural waters. An abandoned petrochemical manufacturing facility site was contaminated by benzene and other petroleum products due to a leakage from a storage tank. Because benzene is a petroleum hydrocarbon with a high migration ability, it was used as the target compound in the field-scale study. Batch partition and sorption experiment results indicated that the EPS to water partition coefficient for benzene was 232 mg/mg at 25 °C. This suggests that benzene had a higher sorption affinity to EPS, which decreased the benzene concentrations in groundwater. The EPS solution was pressure-injected into three remediation wells (RWs; 150 L EPS in 800 L groundwater). Groundwater samples were collected from an upgradient background well, two downgradient monitor wells (MWs), and the three RWs for analyses. EPS injection increased total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations (up to 786 mg/L) in groundwater, which also resulted in the formation of anaerobic conditions. An abrupt drop in benzene concentration (from 6.9 to below 0.04 mg/L) was observed after EPS supplementation in the RWs due to both sorption and biodegradation mechanisms. Results show that the EPS supplement increased total viable bacteria and enhanced bioremediation efficiency, which accounted for the observed decrease in benzene concentration. The first-order decay rate in RW1 increased from 0.003 to 0.023 d-1 after EPS application. Injection of EPS resulted in significant growth of indigenous bacteria, and 23 petroleum-hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial species were detected, which enhanced the in situ benzene biodegradation efficiency. Results demonstrate that the EPS biobarrier can effectively contain a petroleum-hydrocarbon plume and prevent its migration to downgradient areas, which reduces the immediate risk presented to downgradient receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Lee
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - W Z Cao
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - D C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y T Sheu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - K F Shia
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C M Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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26
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Lee TH, Tsang DCW, Chen WH, Verpoort F, Sheu YT, Kao CM. Application of an emulsified polycolloid substrate biobarrier to remediate petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 219:444-455. [PMID: 30551111 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Emulsified polycolloid substrate (EPS) was developed and applied in situ to form a biobarrier for the containment and enhanced bioremediation of a petroleum-hydrocarbon plume. EPS had a negative zeta potential (-35.7 mv), which promoted its even distribution after injection. Batch and column experiments were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of EPS on toluene containment and biodegradation. The EPS-to-water partition coefficient for toluene (target compound) was 943. Thus, toluene had a significant sorption affinity to EPS, which caused reduced toluene concentration in water phase in the EPS/water system. Groundwater containing toluene (18 mg/L) was pumped into the three-column system at a flow rate of 0.28 mL/min, while EPS was injected into the second column to form a biobarrier. A significant reduction of toluene concentration to 0.1 mg/L was observed immediately after EPS injection. This indicates that EPS could effectively contain toluene plume and prevent its further migration to farther downgradient zone. Approximately 99% of toluene was removed after 296 PVs of operation via sorption, natural attenuation, and EPS-enhanced biodegradation. Increase in total organic carbon and bacteria were also observed after EPS supplement. Supplement of EPS resulted in a growth of petroleum-hydrocarbon degrading bacteria, which enhanced the toluene biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Lee
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - D C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - W H Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - F Verpoort
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Y T Sheu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C M Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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27
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Dang H, Kanitkar YH, Stedtfeld RD, Hatzinger PB, Hashsham SA, Cupples AM. Abundance of Chlorinated Solvent and 1,4-Dioxane Degrading Microorganisms at Five Chlorinated Solvent Contaminated Sites Determined via Shotgun Sequencing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:13914-13924. [PMID: 30427665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Shotgun sequencing was used for the quantification of taxonomic and functional biomarkers associated with chlorinated solvent bioremediation in 20 groundwater samples (five sites), following bioaugmentation with SDC-9. The analysis determined the abundance of (1) genera associated with chlorinated solvent degradation, (2) reductive dehalogenase (RDases) genes, (3) genes associated with 1,4-dioxane removal, (4) genes associated with aerobic chlorinated solvent degradation, and (5) D. mccartyi genes associated with hydrogen and corrinoid metabolism. The taxonomic analysis revealed numerous genera previously linked to chlorinated solvent degradation, including Dehalococcoides, Desulfitobacterium, and Dehalogenimonas. The functional gene analysis indicated vcrA and tceA from D. mccartyi were the RDases with the highest relative abundance. Reads aligning with both aerobic and anaerobic biomarkers were observed across all sites. Aerobic solvent degradation genes, etnC or etnE, were detected in at least one sample from each site, as were pmoA and mmoX. The most abundant 1,4-dioxane biomarker detected was Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b mmoX. Reads aligning to thmA or Pseudonocardia were not found. The work illustrates the importance of shotgun sequencing to provide a more complete picture of the functional abilities of microbial communities. The approach is advantageous over current methods because an unlimited number of functional genes can be quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Dang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
| | - Yogendra H Kanitkar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
| | - Robert D Stedtfeld
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
| | - Paul B Hatzinger
- APTIM , 17 Princess Road , Lawrenceville , New Jersey 08648 , United States
| | - Syed A Hashsham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
- Center for Microbial Ecology , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
| | - Alison M Cupples
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
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