1
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Wang T, Li J, Xu Y, Zou T, Qin S. Aggregating Synechococcus contributes to particle organic carbon export in coastal estuarine waters: Its lineage features and assembly processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170368. [PMID: 38281638 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The release and deposition of phytoplankton-derived particulate organic matter is crucial in marine carbon export, yet the roles of picoplankton in these processes were seldom considered. Therefore, this study aimed to shed light on the matter by investigating the aggregating (AG) lifestyle of Synechococcus, a main group of picoplankton, in the coastal waters of the Yellow River Estuary with ample sediments acting as ballast minerals. We revealed that AG Synechococcus constituted a substantial portion, maximally reaching up to 85.4 %, of the total Synechococcus population. Pearson correlations and random forest (RF) regression analyses found significant connections (p < 0.01) between AG Synechococcus and the content of particulate organic carbon (POC), which emphasized its underlying role in facilitating POC export in this region. Furthermore, by employing high-throughput sequencing of the RNA polymerase gene (rpoC1), it was demonstrated that S5.1 clade I exhibited a significantly higher proportion in the AG fraction than in the free-living (FL) fraction (p < 0.05). This suggests distinct inclinations in the phylogenetic preference for different Synechococcus lineages between different lifestyles in the studied area. Finally, we ascertained "small-world" and higher robustness attributes of aggregates formed through the co-occurrence construction between Synechococcus and heterotrophic bacteria, likely facilitated by the reciprocal exchange of carbon and nitrogen elements. Overall, these findings have implications for our understanding of the role of Synechococcus in the ecology and biogeochemistry of marine ecosystems, and they are significant for more accurately evaluating the contribution of picophytoplankton in ocean carbon export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resource Conservation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resource Conservation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Yandong Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Tao Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Song Qin
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resource Conservation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
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2
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Barbosa AB, Mosley BA, Galvão HM, Domingues RB. Short-Term Effects of Climate Change on Planktonic Heterotrophic Prokaryotes in a Temperate Coastal Lagoon: Temperature Is Good, Ultraviolet Radiation Is Bad, and CO 2 Is Neutral. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2559. [PMID: 37894217 PMCID: PMC10609585 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Planktonic heterotrophic prokaryotes (HProks) are a pivotal functional group in marine ecosystems and are highly sensitive to environmental variability and climate change. This study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of increasing carbon dioxide (CO2), ultraviolet radiation (UVR), and temperature on natural assemblages of HProks in the Ria Formosa coastal lagoon during winter. Two multi-stressor microcosm experiments were used to evaluate the isolated and combined effects of these environmental changes on HProk abundance, production, growth, and mortality rates. The isolated and combined effects of increased CO2 on HProks were not significant. However, HProk production, cellular activity, instantaneous growth rate, and mortality rate were negatively influenced by elevated UVR and positively influenced by warming. Stronger effects were detected on HProk mortality in relation to specific growth rate, leading to higher HProk net growth rates and abundance under elevated UVR and lower values under warming conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rita B. Domingues
- CIMA—Centre for Marine and Environmental Research & ARNET—Infrastructure Network in Aquatic Research, Campus de Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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3
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Mirrielees J, Kirpes RM, Haas SM, Rauschenberg CD, Matrai PA, Remenapp A, Boschi VL, Grannas AM, Pratt KA, Ault AP. Probing Individual Particles Generated at the Freshwater-Seawater Interface through Combined Raman, Photothermal Infrared, and X-ray Spectroscopic Characterization. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:605-619. [PMID: 36589347 PMCID: PMC9793585 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sea spray aerosol (SSA) is one of the largest global sources of atmospheric aerosol, but little is known about SSA generated in coastal regions with salinity gradients near estuaries and river outflows. SSA particles are chemically complex with substantial particle-to-particle variability due to changes in water temperature, salinity, and biological activity. In previous studies, the ability to resolve the aerosol composition to the level of individual particles has proven necessary for the accurate parameterization of the direct and indirect aerosol effects; therefore, measurements of individual SSA particles are needed for the characterization of this large source of atmospheric aerosol. An integrated analytical measurement approach is required to probe the chemical composition of individual SSA particles. By combining complementary vibrational microspectroscopic (Raman and optical photothermal infrared, O-PTIR) measurements with elemental information from computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (CCSEM-EDX), we gained unique insights into the individual particle chemical composition and morphology. Herein, we analyzed particles from four experiments on laboratory-based SSA production using coastal seawater collected in January 2018 from the Gulf of Maine. Individual salt particles were enriched in organics compared to that in natural seawater, both with and without added microalgal filtrate, with greater enrichment observed for smaller particle sizes, as evidenced by higher carbon/sodium ratios. Functional group analysis was carried out using the Raman and infrared spectra collected from individual SSA particles. Additionally, the Raman spectra were compared with a library of Raman spectra consisting of marine-derived organic compounds. Saccharides, followed by fatty acids, were the dominant components of the organic coatings surrounding the salt cores of these particles. This combined Raman, infrared, and X-ray spectroscopic approach will enable further understanding of the factors determining the individual particle composition, which is important for understanding the impacts of SSA produced within estuaries and river outflows, as well as areas of snow and ice melt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica
A. Mirrielees
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Rachel M. Kirpes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Savannah M. Haas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | | | - Patricia A. Matrai
- Bigelow
Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, Maine 04544, United States
| | - Allison Remenapp
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Vanessa L. Boschi
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Amanda M. Grannas
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Kerri A. Pratt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United
States
| | - Andrew P. Ault
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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4
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Renaudin M, Laforest-Lapointe I, Bellenger JP. Unraveling global and diazotrophic bacteriomes of boreal forest floor feather mosses and their environmental drivers at the ecosystem and at the plant scale in North America. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155761. [PMID: 35533858 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Feather mosses are abundant cryptogams of the boreal forest floor and shelter a broad diversity of bacteria who have important ecological functions (e.g., decomposition, nutrient cycling). In particular, nitrogen (N2-) fixation performed by feather moss-associated diazotrophs constitutes an important entry of nitrogen in the boreal forest ecosystem. However, the composition of the feather moss bacteriome and its environmental drivers are still unclear. Using cDNA amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA and nifH genes and cyanobacterial biomass quantification, we explored the active global and diazotrophic bacterial communities of two dominant feather moss species (i) at the ecosystem scale, along a 500-km climatic and nutrient deposition gradient in the North American boreal forest, and (ii) at the plant scale, along the moss shoot senescence gradient. We found that cyanobacteria were major actors of the feather moss bacteriome, accounting for 33% of global bacterial communities and 65% of diazotrophic communities, and that several cyanobacterial and methanotrophic genera were contributing to N2-fixation. Moreover, we showed that bacteria were occupying ecological niches along the moss shoot, with phototrophs being dominant in the apical part and methanotrophs being dominant in the basal part. Finally, climate (temperature, precipitation), environmental variables (moss species, month, tree density) and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, molybdenum, vanadium, iron) strongly shaped global and diazotrophic bacteriomes. In summary, this work presents evidence that the feather moss bacteriome plays crucial roles in supporting moss growth, health, and decomposition, as well as in the boreal forest carbon and nitrogen cycles. This study also highlights the substantial effects of climate and nutrients on the feather moss bacteriome, suggesting the importance of understanding the impacts of global change on moss-associated bacterial growth and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Renaudin
- Centre Sève, Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
| | | | - Jean-Philippe Bellenger
- Centre Sève, Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
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5
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Mondal A, Sen K, Mondal A, Mishra D, Debnath P, Mondal NK. Bio-fabricated silver nanoparticles for controlling dengue and filaria vectors and their characterization, as well as toxicological risk assessment in aquatic mesocosms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113309. [PMID: 35487260 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study is focused on synthesis of silver nanoparticles from weeds and an assessment of their mosquito larvicidal efficacy. This study also presented the toxicological effects as well as the stability of these nanoparticles in aquatic mesocosms. The weed Digiteria sanguinallis was first time used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by various analytical techniques, such as UV-VIS, TEM, FESEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, and zeta potential study. The result revealed that the nanoparticles are crystalline, spherical shape with band gap 2.44 eV, and average size 18 nm. The LC50 value of synthesized AgNPs were recorded as 7.47 and 6.31 mg/L at 24 h against Cx. quinquefasciatus and A. albopictus respectively. In contrast, larvicidal activity of weed extract was insignificant against two target species. In aquatic mesocosm study, AgNPs (LC50 dose) does not alter the nature of water parameters within experimental period. However only EC % and ORP were changes because of silver ion oxidation. In biochemical parameters, only stress enzymes for animal and plant species were moderately altered under long term exposure. But glycogen, protein, and AchE of two mosquito species were significantly changed under same mesocosm setup within short exposure. Comparatively, in control mesocosm, synthesized AgNPs are naturally change their nano form within 20 days with the presence of all non-target species and pond sediment. Therefore, it can be concluded that biosynthesized AgNPs could be used as a larvicidal agent in near future with negligible effects on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghadip Mondal
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, W.B, 713104, India
| | - Kamalesh Sen
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, W.B, 713104, India
| | - Anupam Mondal
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, W.B, 713104, India
| | - Debojyoti Mishra
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, W.B, 713104, India
| | - Priyanka Debnath
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, W.B, 713104, India
| | - Naba Kumar Mondal
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, W.B, 713104, India.
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6
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Yu J, Tian JY, Gao G, Xu R, Lai JG, Yang GP. Growth, DMS and DMSP production in Emiliania huxleyi under elevated CO 2 and UV radiation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118643. [PMID: 34875264 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ocean acidification and solar radiation on marine organisms have received increasing attention. Coccolithophores are a major producer of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), which is a precursor of dimethylsulfide (DMS), a volatile biogenic active gas related to climate. Here, we investigated the individual and combined effects of elevated CO2 and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on growth, DMS, and DMSP production of Emiliania huxleyi. Elevated CO2 (1000 μatm, HC) decreased the cell concentration, DMS, and particulate DMSP (DMSPp) concentrations by 17%, 20%, and 13%, respectively, compared with ambient CO2 (400 μatm, LC) in the semi-continuous culture. The addition of UVA to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) increased cell concentration of E. huxleyi by 16% on day 4, which may be due to the photorepair effects induced by UVA, and the effect was time-dependent. PAR + UVA and PAR + UVA + UVB exposure decreased cellular DMS by 25%-56%, and increased cellular DMSPp by 60%-130% compared with PAR on days 3-4. Cellular DMSPp followed the order: PAR + UVA > PAR + UVA + UVB > PAR, and HC had no significant effects on cellular DMSPp compared with LC in the combined experiment. These results aid our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification and UV radiation on the production of methyl sulfur compounds in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Guang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Jing-Guang Lai
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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7
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Wang P, Laws E, Wang Y, Chen J, Song X, Huang R, Wang T, Yi X, Sun J, Guo X, Liu X, Gao K, Huang B. Elevated pCO 2 changes community structure and function by affecting phytoplankton group-specific mortality. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113362. [PMID: 35092931 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rise of atmospheric pCO2 has created a number of problems for marine ecosystem. In this study, we initially quantified the effects of elevated pCO2 on the group-specific mortality of phytoplankton in a natural community based on the results of mesocosm experiments. Diatoms dominated the phytoplankton community, and the concentration of chlorophyll a was significantly higher in the high-pCO2 treatment than the low-pCO2 treatment. Phytoplankton mortality (percentage of dead cells) decreased during the exponential growth phase. Although the mortality of dinoflagellates did not differ significantly between the two pCO2 treatments, that of diatoms was lower in the high-pCO2 treatment. Small diatoms dominated the diatom community. Although the mortality of large diatoms did not differ significantly between the two treatments, that of small diatoms was lower in the high-pCO2 treatment. These results suggested that elevated pCO2 might enhance dominance by small diatoms and thereby change the community structure of coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Collage of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Edward Laws
- Department of Environmental Sciences, School of the Coast & Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Yongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Collage of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Collage of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xue Song
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Ruiping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Tifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiangqi Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jiazhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xianghui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Collage of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China..
| | - Kunshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Bangqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Collage of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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8
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Yang Y, Zhang F, Chen X, Li H, Jiao N, Zhang R. Insignificant Response of Bacterioplankton Community to Elevated pCO 2 During a Short-Term Microcosm Experiment in a Subtropical Eutrophic Coastal Ecosystem. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:730377. [PMID: 34867847 PMCID: PMC8633418 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.730377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocean acidification, as one of the major consequences of global climate change, markedly affects multiple ecosystem functions in disparate marine environments from coastal habitats to the deep ocean. Evaluation of the responses of marine microbial community to the increasing partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) is crucial to explore the microbe-driven biogeochemical processes in the future ocean. In this study, a microcosm incubation of eutrophic coastal water from Xiamen Bay under elevated pCO2 (about 1,000 μatm) and control (ambient air, about 380-410 μatm) conditions was conducted to investigate the effect of ocean acidification on the natural bacterioplankton community. During the 5-day incubation period, the chlorophyll a concentration and bacterioplankton abundance were not significantly affected by increased pCO2. Hierarchical clustering and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis based on Bray-Curtis similarity among the bacterioplankton community derived from the 16S rRNA genes revealed an inconspicuous impact of elevated pCO2 on the bacterial community. During the incubation period, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Epsilonbacteraeota were predominant in all microcosms. Despite the distinct temporal variation in the composition of the bacterioplankton community during the experimental period, statistical analyses showed that no significant difference was found on bacterioplankton taxa between elevated pCO2 and control, indicating that the bacterioplankton at the population-level were also insensitive to elevated pCO2. Our results therefore suggest that the bacterioplankton communities in the fluctuating and eutrophic coastal ecosystems appear to be adaptable to the short-term elevated pCO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlan Yang
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huifang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nianzhi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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9
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Hu C, Li X, He M, Jiang P, Long A, Xu J. Effect of Ocean Acidification on Bacterial Metabolic Activity and Community Composition in Oligotrophic Oceans, Inferred From Short-Term Bioassays. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:583982. [PMID: 33716995 PMCID: PMC7952631 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.583982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing anthropogenic CO2 emissions in recent decades cause ocean acidification (OA), affecting carbon cycling in oceans by regulating eco-physiological processes of plankton. Heterotrophic bacteria play an important role in carbon cycling in oceans. However, the effect of OA on bacteria in oceans, especially in oligotrophic regions, was not well understood. In our study, the response of bacterial metabolic activity and community composition to OA was assessed by determining bacterial production, respiration, and community composition at the low-pCO2 (400 ppm) and high-pCO2 (800 ppm) treatments over the short term at two oligotrophic stations in the northern South China Sea. Bacterial production decreased significantly by 17.1–37.1 % in response to OA, since bacteria with high nucleic acid content preferentially were repressed by OA, which was less abundant under high-pCO2 treatment. Correspondingly, shifts in bacterial community composition occurred in response to OA, with a high fraction of the small-sized bacteria and high bacterial species diversity in a high-pCO2 scenario at K11. Bacterial respiration responded to OA differently at both stations, most likely attributed to different physiological responses of the bacterial community to OA. OA mitigated bacterial growth efficiency, and consequently, a larger fraction of DOC entering microbial loops was transferred to CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiqin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maoqiu He
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Xiamen, Xiamen, China
| | - Aimin Long
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Sharma KV, Sarvalingam BK, Marigoudar SR. A review of mesocosm experiments on heavy metals in marine environment and related issues of emerging concerns. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:1304-1316. [PMID: 33079346 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mesocosms are real-world environmental science tools for bridging the gap between laboratory-scale experiments and actual habitat studies on ecosystem complexities. These experiments are increasingly being applied in understanding the complex impacts of heavy metals, ocean acidification, global warming, and oil spills. The insights of the present review indicate how metals and metal-bound activities impact on various aspects of ecological complexities like prey predator cues, growth, embryonic development, and reproduction. Plankton and benthos are used more often over fish and microbes owing to their smaller size, faster reproduction, amenability, and repeatability during mesocosm experiments. The results of ocean acidification reveal calcification of plankton, corals, alteration of pelagic structures, and plankton blooms. The subtle effect of oil spills is amplified on sediment microorganisms, primary producers, and crustaceans. An overview of the mesocosm designs over the years indicates that gradual changes have evolved in the type, size, design, composition, parameters, methodology employed, and the outputs obtained. Most of the pelagic and benthic mesocosm designs involve consideration of interactions within the water columns, between water and sediments, trophic levels, and nutrient rivalry. Mesocosm structures are built considering physical processes (tidal currents, turbulence, inner cycling of nutrients, thermal stratification, and mixing), biological complexities (population, community, and ecosystem) using appropriate filling containers, and sampling facilities that employ inert materials. The principle of design is easy transportation, mooring, deployment, and free floating structures besides addressing the unique ecosystem-based science problems. The evolution of the mesocosm tools helps in understanding further advancement of techniques and their applications in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Venkatarama Sharma
- National Centre for Coastal Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - Barath Kumar Sarvalingam
- National Centre for Coastal Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai, 600 100, India
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Tester PA, Litaker RW, Berdalet E. Climate change and harmful benthic microalgae. HARMFUL ALGAE 2020; 91:101655. [PMID: 32057343 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2019.101655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sea surface temperatures in the world's oceans are projected to warm by 0.4-1.4 °C by mid twenty-first century causing many tropical and sub-tropical harmful dinoflagellate genera like Gambierdiscus, Fukuyoa and Ostreopsis (benthic harmful algal bloom species, BHABs) to exhibit higher growth rates over much of their current geographic range, resulting in higher population densities. The primary exception to this trend will be in the tropics where temperatures exceed species-specific upper thermal tolerances (30-31 °C) beyond which growth slows significantly. As surface waters warm, migration to deeper habitats is expected to provide refuge. Range extensions of several degrees of latitude also are anticipated, but only where species-specific habitat requirements can be met (e.g., temperature, suitable substrate, low turbulence, light, salinity, pH). The current understanding of habitat requirements that determine species distributions are reviewed to provide fuller understanding of how individual species will respond to climate change from the present to 2055 while addressing the paucity of information on environmental factors controlling small-scale distribution in localized habitats. Based on the available information, we hypothesized how complex environmental interactions can influence abundance and potential range extensions of BHAB species in different biogeographic regions and identify sentinel sites appropriate for long-term monitoring programs to detect range extensions and reduce human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Wayne Litaker
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Beaufort Laboratory, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC, 28516, USA
| | - Elisa Berdalet
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Gong S, Jin X, Xiao Y, Li Z. Ocean Acidification and Warming Lead to Increased Growth and Altered Chloroplast Morphology in the Thermo-Tolerant Alga Symbiochlorum hainanensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:585202. [PMID: 33281847 PMCID: PMC7705064 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.585202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification and warming affect the growth and predominance of algae. However, the effects of ocean acidification and warming on the growth and gene transcription of thermo-tolerant algae are poorly understood. Here we determined the effects of elevated temperature (H) and acidification (A) on a recently discovered coral-associated thermo-tolerant alga Symbiochlorum hainanensis by culturing it under two temperature settings (26.0 and 32.0°C) crossed with two pH levels (8.16 and 7.81). The results showed that the growth of S. hainanensis was positively affected by H, A, and the combined treatment (AH). However, no superimposition effect of H and A on the growth of S. hainanensis was observed under AH. The analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence, pigment content, and subcellular morphology indicated that the chloroplast morphogenesis (enlargement) along with the increase of chlorophyll fluorescence and pigment content of S. hainanensis might be a universal mechanism for promoting the growth of S. hainanensis. Transcriptomic profiles revealed the effect of elevated temperature on the response of S. hainanensis to acidification involved in the down-regulation of photosynthesis- and carbohydrate metabolism-related genes but not the up-regulation of genes related to antioxidant and ubiquitination processes. Overall, this study firstly reports the growth, morphology, and molecular response of the thermo-tolerant alga S. hainanensis to future climate changes, suggesting the predominance of S. hainanensis in its associated corals and/or coral reefs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanqiang Gong
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejie Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yilin Xiao
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiyong Li,
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