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Wan Y, Wang Z, Xu K, Wang W, Yao P, You A. Assessment of occurrence, source appointment, and ecological risks of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the water-sediment interface of Qiantang River in the Hangzhou region. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024. [PMID: 39315952 DOI: 10.1039/d4em00355a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have received global attention owing to their potential risks to human health and the ecological environment. However, limited research has explored the occurrence and ecological risks of PPCPs in the Qiantang River (QTR). QTR, the largest water system in Zhejiang Province, China, is significantly influenced by human activities. This study investigated the occurrence, distribution, and ecological risks of 10 types of PPCPs in both surface water and sediment within QTR. The findings revealed that the concentrations of PPCPs detected in surface water ranged from 81.26 to 149.45 ng L-1 during the wet season (April) and from 98.66 to 198.55 ng L-1 during the dry season (September). Moreover, in the sediments, PPCP concentration ranged from 63.24 to 80.66 and 72.54 to 75.06 ng per g dw during both wet and dry seasons, respectively. Among the selected PPCPs, triclosan (TCS) exhibited the highest concentration across, different phases and seasons, followed by benzotriazole in surface water. The analysis of sediment-water equilibrium distribution indicated that the diffusion tendency of PPCPs was closely correlated with their molecular weights. Particularly, TCS exhibited dynamic equilibrium between water and sediment. Principal component analysis and positive matrix factorization model results indicated similar pollution sources for the detected PPCPs. The dominant sources of the detected PPCPs were identified as wastewater of electroplating enterprises, discharge from wastewater treatment plants, and domestic sewage. The ecological risk assessment based on the risk quotient method revealed that TCS with the highest detected concentration posed a high risk in surface water and a low risk in sediment across all sampling sites. However, other detected PPCPs showed either no or low risks. Additionally, PPCPs showed a higher ecological risk during the dry season than during the wet season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wan
- Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics & Estuary (Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design), Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Ziming Wang
- Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics & Estuary (Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design), Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Kaiping Xu
- Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics & Estuary (Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design), Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics & Estuary (Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design), Hangzhou 310008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Pengcheng Yao
- Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics & Estuary (Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design), Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Aiju You
- Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics & Estuary (Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design), Hangzhou 310008, China.
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Edebali Ö, Krupčíková S, Goellner A, Vrana B, Muz M, Melymuk L. Tracking Aromatic Amines from Sources to Surface Waters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2024; 11:397-409. [PMID: 38765463 PMCID: PMC11097632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
This review examines the environmental occurrence and fate of aromatic amines (AAs), a group of environmental contaminants with possible carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. AAs are known to be partially responsible for the genotoxic traits of industrial wastewater (WW), and AA antioxidants are acutely toxic to some aquatic organisms. Still, there are gaps in the available data on sources, occurrence, transport, and fate in domestic WW and indoor environments, which complicate the prevention of adverse effects in aquatic ecosystems. We review key domestic sources of these compounds, including cigarette smoke and grilled protein-rich foods, and their presence indoors and in aquatic matrices. This provides a basis to evaluate the importance of nonindustrial sources to the overall environmental burden of AAs. Appropriate sampling techniques for AAs are described, including copper-phthalocyanine trisulfonate materials, XAD resins in solid-phase extraction, and solid-phase microextraction methods, which can offer insights into AA sources, transport, and fate. Further discussion is provided on potential progress in the research of AAs and their behavior in an aim to support the development of a more comprehensive understanding of their effects and potential environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Edebali
- RECETOX,
Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czechia
| | - Simona Krupčíková
- RECETOX,
Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czechia
| | - Anna Goellner
- UFZ
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Effect Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Branislav Vrana
- RECETOX,
Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czechia
| | - Melis Muz
- UFZ
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Effect Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lisa Melymuk
- RECETOX,
Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czechia
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Motteau S, Deborde M, Gombert B, Karpel Vel Leitner N. Non-target analysis for water characterization: wastewater treatment impact and selection of relevant features. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:4154-4173. [PMID: 38097837 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30972-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Non-target analyses were conducted to characterize and compare the molecular profiles (UHPLC-HRMS fingerprint) of water samples from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Inlet and outlet samples were collected from three campaigns spaced 6 months apart in order to highlight common trends. A significant impact of the treatment on the sample fingerprints was shown, with a 65-70% abatement of the number of features detected in the effluent, and more polar, smaller and less intense molecules found overall compared to those in WWTP influent waters. Multivariate analysis (PCA) associated with variations of the features between inlets and outlets showed that features appearing or increasing were correlated with effluents while those disappearing or decreasing were correlated with influents. Finally, effluent features considered as relevant to a potentially adverse effect on aqueous media (i.e. those which appeared or increased or slightly varied from the influent) were highlighted. Three hundred seventy-five features common with the 3 campaigns were thus selected and further characterized. For most of them, elementary composition was found to be C, H, N, O (42%) and C, H, N, O, P (18%). Considering the MS2 spectra and several reference MS2 databases, annotations were proposed for 35 of these relevant features. They include synthetic products, pharmaceuticals and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Motteau
- University of Poitiers, Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP UMR CNRS 7285), Equipe Eaux Biomarqueurs Contaminants Organiques Milieux (E.BICOM), 1 Rue Marcel Doré, Bâtiment B1, TSA 41105 86073, Cedex, Poitiers, France
| | - Marie Deborde
- University of Poitiers, Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP UMR CNRS 7285), Equipe Eaux Biomarqueurs Contaminants Organiques Milieux (E.BICOM), 1 Rue Marcel Doré, Bâtiment B1, TSA 41105 86073, Cedex, Poitiers, France.
- University of Poitiers, UFR Médecine Et de Pharmacie, 6 Rue de La Milétrie, Bâtiment D1, TSA 51115, 86073, Cedex 9, Poitiers, France.
| | - Bertrand Gombert
- University of Poitiers, Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP UMR CNRS 7285), Equipe Eaux Biomarqueurs Contaminants Organiques Milieux (E.BICOM), 1 Rue Marcel Doré, Bâtiment B1, TSA 41105 86073, Cedex, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Karpel Vel Leitner
- University of Poitiers, Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP UMR CNRS 7285), Equipe Eaux Biomarqueurs Contaminants Organiques Milieux (E.BICOM), 1 Rue Marcel Doré, Bâtiment B1, TSA 41105 86073, Cedex, Poitiers, France
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Kilpinen K, Devers J, Castro M, Tisler S, Jørgensen MB, Mortensen P, Christensen JH. Catchment area, fate, and environmental risks investigation of micropollutants in Danish wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:121107-121123. [PMID: 37950122 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of micropollutants in wastewater related to catchment area, and their environmental risks and fate. About 24-h flow proportional effluent (n = 26) wastewater samples were collected from eight WWTPs across Denmark. From five of these WWTPs corresponding influent samples (n = 20) were collected. Samples were enriched by multi-layer solid phase and analysed by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry detection. We detected and quantified 79 micropollutants from a list of 291 micropollutants in at least one influent or effluent wastewater sample. From this we found that 54 micropollutants decreased in concentrations during wastewater treatment, while O-desmethylvenlafaxine, carbamazepine, amitriptyline, benzothiazole, terbutryn, and citalopram increased in concentrations through the WWTP.The toxicity of effluent wastewater samples was assessed by EC50 using Raphidocelis subcapitata (R. subcapitata) and LC50 using the crustacean Daphnia magna (D. Magna), for which six micropollutants were detected above the predicted no-effect concentration. Our study demonstrates that catchment area influences the micropollutant composition of wastewater. Out of 19 pharmaceuticals, the measured concentration in influent wastewater was predicted within a factor of 10 from sale numbers and human excretion, which demonstrates the strong influence of catchment area on micropollutant composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Kilpinen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
- Eurofins Environment Denmark, Ladelundvej 85, DK-6600, Vejen, Denmark.
| | - Jason Devers
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Mafalda Castro
- Environmental Toxicology, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Selina Tisler
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Mortensen
- Eurofins Environment Denmark, Ladelundvej 85, DK-6600, Vejen, Denmark
| | - Jan H Christensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Cao M, Fan J, Guo C, Chen M, Lv J, Sun W, Xi B, Xu J. Comprehensive investigation and risk assessment of organic contaminants in Yellow River Estuary using suspect and nontarget screening strategies. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107843. [PMID: 36822001 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs) include numerous chemicals that may pose known and unknown risks to the ecosystem, and identification and risk ranking of these compounds is essential for the environmental management. In this study, liquid and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS and GC-QTOF-MS) were used to characterize the occurrence of CECs in the surface water of the Yellow River Estuary (YRE). A total of 295 and 315 chemicals were identified by LC-QTOF-MS and GC-QTOF-MS, respectively. The occurrence of two compounds, erucamide and 2-phenylquinoline, was for the first time reported in the aquatic environment in YRE. The concentrations of 121 CECs, including 35 antibiotics, 49 pesticides and veterinary, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 21 phthalic acid esters were further quantified by target analysis, which showed the detection of 99 compounds in the surface water in the range of 7.07-4611.26 ng/L. Ecological risks of pollutants based on the risk quotient (RQ) method revealed that 13 pollutants posed ecological risks to the aquatic ecosystem (RQ > 1), and pesticides (n = 12) were the main risk contributors. Here, all CECs data sets were finally transformed and ranked in the framework of the toxicological priority index (ToxPi), and a total of 81 priority control pollutants were identified in the surface water of YRE. This study highlighted the necessity of suspect and nontarget screening for CECs in estuaries, and revealed the importance of localized contamination sources in urban and agricultural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jingpu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Changsheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Miao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jiapei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- Waters Technologies Shanghai Limited, Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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Acuña V, Celic M, Corominas L, Gernjak W, Gutiérrez N, Insa S, Munné A, Sanchís J, Solà C, Farré MJ. Could we estimate industrial wastewater flows composition using the UN-ISIC classification system? Heliyon 2023; 9:e14253. [PMID: 36938411 PMCID: PMC10018558 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although we have extensive datasets on the location and typology of industries, we do not know much on their generated and discharged wastewater. This lack of information compromises the achievement of the sustainable development goals focused on water (Sustainable Development Goal 6) in Europe and globally. Thus, our goal was to assess to which degree the chemical composition of industrial wastewater could be estimated based on the industry's typology according to its International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) class. We collected wastewater effluent water samples from 60 industrial wastewater effluents (before any wastewater treatment process), accounting for 5 samples each of 12 ISIC classes, analyzed the composition of key contaminants (i.e. European Commission rated priority compounds and watchlist), and statistically assessed the similarities and differences amongst ISIC classes using ordination and random forest analyses. The results showed statistically significant linkages between most ISIC classes and the composition of produced wastewater. Among the analytical parameters measured, the random forest methodology allowed identifying a sub-set particularly relevant for classification or eventual contamination prediction based on ISIC class. This is an important applied research topic with strong management implications to (i) determine pollution emission caps for each individual ISIC class, (ii) define monitoring schemes to sample and analyze industrial wastewater, and (iii) enable predicting pollutant loads discharged in river basins with scarce information. These encouraging results urge us to expand our work into other ISIC classes and water quality parameters to draw a full picture of the relationship between ISIC classes and produced wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicenç Acuña
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, Plaça de Sant Domènec 3, 17004, Girona, Spain
- Corresponding authorCatalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Mira Celic
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, Plaça de Sant Domènec 3, 17004, Girona, Spain
| | - Lluís Corominas
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, Plaça de Sant Domènec 3, 17004, Girona, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Gernjak
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nils Gutiérrez
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, Plaça de Sant Domènec 3, 17004, Girona, Spain
| | - Sara Insa
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, Plaça de Sant Domènec 3, 17004, Girona, Spain
| | - Antoni Munné
- Catalan Water Agency (ACA), Carrer Provença 260, 08008, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Sanchís
- Catalan Water Agency (ACA), Carrer Provença 260, 08008, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Solà
- Catalan Water Agency (ACA), Carrer Provença 260, 08008, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria José Farré
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, Plaça de Sant Domènec 3, 17004, Girona, Spain
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Chen X, Yu G, Chen Y, Tang S, Su Y. Cow Dung-Based Biochar Materials Prepared via Mixed Base and Its Application in the Removal of Organic Pollutants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710094. [PMID: 36077497 PMCID: PMC9456264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cow dung (CD) is a waste product of livestock production. Improper disposal of a large amount of CD will cause environmental pollution. In this work, three biochar materials based on CD (BMCD) were prepared by using three types of base, including KOH, NaOH, and mixed base (MB, a mixture of equal mass NaOH and KOH) as activators to investigate the different physicochemical properties of BMCDs (BMCD-K, BMCD-Na, and BMCD-MB). The objective was to verify the effectiveness of MB activation in the preparation of biochar materials. The results show that MB has an effect on the structural characteristics of BMCDs. In particular, the surface area and total pore volume, the specific surface area, and the total pore volume of BMCD-MB (4081.1 m2 g−1 and 3.0118 cm3 g−1) are significantly larger than those of BMCD-K (1784.6 m2 g−1 and 1.1142 cm3 g−1) and BMCD-Na (1446.1 m2 g−1 and 1.0788 cm3 g−1). While synthetic dye rhodamine B (RhB) and antibiotic tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) were selected as organic pollutant models to explore the adsorption performances, the maximum adsorption capacities of BMCD-K, BMCD-NA and BMCD-MB were 951, 770, and 1241 mg g−1 for RhB, 975, 1051, and 1105 mg g−1 for TH, respectively, which were higher than those of most adsorbents. This study demonstrated that MB can be used as an effective activator for the preparation of biochar materials with enhanced performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Gengxin Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuanhui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shanshan Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yingjie Su
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Correspondence:
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